EP3575176B1 - Rail vehicle with cable holder - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a rail vehicle with a car body with an outer shell and with a cable holder for guiding a high-voltage cable.

In rail vehicles, electrically operated components that are arranged in different areas of the vehicle are connected to one another via electrical connecting lines. The connection lines can be signal lines that transmit electrical signals or power lines that transmit electrical energy. For reasons of fire protection, particularly strict regulations apply to the power lines with regard to the laying of the lines, which in turn have an influence on the required dimensioning of the conductor cross-sections. The EN 50343 standard, among others, describes how power lines for rail vehicles are to be dimensioned.

In order to protect power lines from environmental influences and also not to lay them visibly for aesthetic reasons, the power lines can be laid in cavities or cable ducts. The electrical connecting lines can, for example, be routed within the vehicle in at least partially closed cable ducts or troughs, as is the case, for example, with DE 195 37 498 A1 is known. From the DE 658 287 C It is also known to lay the pipes and connecting lines in a special space located on the car body and extending over its upper surface.

In the CN 203 151 015 U the use of hollow sections of the car body is proposed in order to lay cables in a protected manner. The cable is placed directly in the hollow profile of the car body. The Post-Released EP 3 406 501 A1 describes a vehicle having an electrical conduit assembly attached to an underbody assembly.

Disadvantages of the solutions known from the prior art are the inadequate heat dissipation, especially for the laying of power cables or train busbars, and the poor accessibility and dismantling in order to be able to dismantle or replace the power line in the event of maintenance or defects.

In addition to the load current to be expected in nominal operation and the ambient temperature to be expected during operation, the required minimum cross-sections of a power line depend to a large extent on the type of laying of the power lines, i.e. whether the power lines are installed individually or in bundles in the open air or in more or less closed rooms are misplaced. The lower the heat dissipation to be expected during operation for a given load, the larger the cable cross-section must be selected in order to avoid the risk of overheating.

The object of the present invention is to create a cable holder with a cover for the power line of a rail vehicle, which ensures reliable heat dissipation while being easy to assemble and disassemble.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a device according to claim 1 . Furthermore, the object is achieved with a method according to claim 15. Advantageous developments of the invention are contained in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in a cable holder which is formed by a depression in the outer shell of the car body, with a cover for covering a cable accommodated in the cable holder being provided, which is repeatedly and detachably fastened to the car body.

Due to its arrangement on the outer shell of the rail vehicle, the cable holder is easily accessible. The cable can be easily positioned and pre-fixed by simply inserting the cable into the depression in the car body during assembly of the rail vehicle. The repeatedly detachable attachment of the cover also enables easy disassembly, e.g. if the high-voltage cable has to be replaced.

The mounting position of the cover with respect to the outer shell of the car body is preferably designed to be adjustable. In this way, the cover can be adapted to the course of the outer shell. The distance between the outer shell and the cover can preferably be designed to be adjustable in order to be able to set the intended or constant gap dimensions. In particular, the gap dimensions between the outer shell and the cover can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting position.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, at least one fastener receptacle for fastening the cover is provided on the car body. The fastener holder can be manufactured as an integral part of the car body. The car body can be formed from extruded aluminum profiles, with the fastening means receptacle being able to be produced as part of an extruded profile in an extrusion process. In particular, screws or nuts can be used as fastening means in the sense of a repeatedly detachable fastening. Accordingly, the fastener receptacles can be designed as threaded holes or threaded bolts.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fastener receptacles can include a thread into which a screw inserted into the cover can be screwed. The fastener receptacle can, for example, comprise a sheet metal bracket onto which a threaded carrier is attached. The threaded carrier can form a displaceable part of the fastener receptacle and thus enable tolerance compensation. A cage nut can preferably be used as a thread carrier.

In an expedient development of the invention, the cover can also have a fastener receptacle, in which case the fastener receptacle of the cover or an inserted fastener can be covered by a projection of the cover when the cover is in the installed state. The fasteners are thus protected from the weather. At the same time, the projection can move the fastening means at least partially out of the field of vision of passengers standing on a platform, or they can be arranged in a concealed manner in relation to passengers standing on a platform.

In order to be able to do without grounding the cover via ground conductors and to further reduce the assembly and material costs, the cover can be connected to the car body via fastening means and fastening means receptacles, which are made of conductive materials. The fastening means and/or the fastening means receptacles can be made in particular from non-rusting materials.

According to a further variant of the invention, a holder for fastening the cover to the car body can be provided on the car body. The holder can have a back on which the cover can be placed. The cover can thus be positively positioned and fastened at least on one side by simply placing it on.

A C-rail can be arranged on the car body, to which the cover is fastened by means of a slot nut. The position of fasteners for attaching the cover can be adjusted via the C-rail. The position of the cover can thus be adjustable via the C-rails to set gaps and spacing. Several C-rails can be provided, in particular on opposite sides of the cover.

In order to be able to fasten the holder and, if necessary, to be able to adjust its position to the contour of the car body or to the desired course of the cover, A C-rail can be arranged on the car body, to which the bracket is fastened by means of a slot nut. The C-rail can form an integral part of the car body. In particular, the C-rail can be part of an aluminum extruded profile from which the car body is formed. The slot nut can be slidably mounted in the C-rail. To save material and weight, several short C-rails can be used, in particular one short C-rail for each two fastening elements.

The holder and/or the C-rail is/are preferably arranged below the cover or between the cover and the outer shell of the car body when the cover is in the installed state. The C-rail can be provided for fastening one or two long sides of the cover. The cover can accordingly be designed or arranged in such a way that the holder and/or the C-rail fits under the cover when it is mounted.

In order to reduce the space required for bolting used to fasten the cover, shorter bolts can be used in relation to a standard design of the bolted connection. To prevent the shorter screws from loosening or getting lost despite the aerodynamic loads that occur, screws with a screw locking device can be used. In particular, clamp locks inserted into a thread groove can be used, such as all-tight thread locks. With the concealed fastening elements, fewer assembly elements are visible to passengers, i.e. a more aesthetic design of the car body is possible. Furthermore, with this arrangement, the mount and/or the C-rail are protected from environmental influences. The C-rail preferably also serves to fasten a cable mount for a high-voltage cable. In particular, a cable holder and two fastening elements for fastening the cover can be arranged on a short C-rail.

In a further variant of the invention, the holder can be designed to receive the cover in a form-fitting manner. In order to produce a form-fitting connection between the cover and the holder, the cover can have an indentation which tapers in an insertion direction and into which the spine can be inserted.

In order to optimize the form fit between the cover and the holder, the back and the indentation can be designed to fit into one another. The back and the indentation can rest flat on one another at least in sections, in particular on opposite surfaces.

In the installed state, the cover is preferably spaced apart from the car body or the outer shell of the car body. A ventilation slot can thus be formed in order to cool a high-voltage cable arranged in the cable receptacle. Ideally, the temperature of the high-voltage cable should not exceed 90°C. In the installed state, the cover is preferably spaced apart from the car body at all of its ends.

According to an expedient development of the invention, there is no need to close or seal the gaps between the cover and the car body. Meltwater or rainwater that occurs can thus penetrate the cable holder, but can also leave it again without further ado. Seals, such as elastomer seals, and edge protection profiles, which would be exposed to increased wear on the outside of the rail vehicle due to the effects of UV radiation and larger temperature changes, can thus be dispensed with entirely. A replacement of plastic components, which would otherwise be necessary at regular intervals of a few years, is therefore not necessary.

The cover can preferably extend parallel to the car body and adjacent to the depression. The cover can form a first, in particular horizontally running, air gap with the car body. By positioning the cover, the width of the air gap can be adjusted to a certain extent. The width of the air gap is preferably 8 to 12 mm, in particular 10 mm. The air gap can be arranged in particular on the upper side of the cover.

The air gap can have inner walls, which could extend essentially vertically upwards or in the direction of a car body center plane running in the longitudinal direction of the car body. This means that the gap cannot be seen by passengers who are outside the vehicle at the level of a platform next to the car body. The air gap can be formed by the outer shell of the car body on the one hand, and by the cover on the other. For this purpose, the cover can have an extension which, when the cover is in the installed state, extends parallel to the car body.

In a further embodiment of the invention, at least two covers can be provided which are spaced apart from one another in the assembled state. The covers may form a second air gap that is substantially perpendicular to the first air gap or vertical. The second air gap can have a width that is preferably 8 to 12 mm, in particular 10 mm.

According to a further variant of the invention, a third air gap or a multiplicity of third air gaps can be provided between the cover and the outer shell of the car body on the underside of the cover. The third air gap allows for additional ventilation of the cable accommodated in the cable holder and, due to their arrangement below the cover, allows rainwater or melted water to run off.

The air gaps can be interrupted by fastening arrangements. The overall length and width of the air gaps can be selected in such a way that overall there is sufficient cooling and ventilation of a cable accommodated in the cable holder. With a width of the air gaps, which is preferably 8 to 12 mm, in particular 10 mm, the length of the first and third air gaps can be at least 50 to 70%, in particular at least 60% of the length of the cover.

In order to achieve adequate ventilation of the high-voltage cable, the width of the gaps can be designed accordingly. Thus, the projection area of the columns can be at least 10% of the sum of the projection areas of the columns and covers.

In an alternative embodiment, the cover can be sealed at the top in order to prevent rainwater from penetrating. In this design, the air gaps between the covers and below the covers must be designed to be correspondingly larger in order to ensure adequate cooling of the cable.

In a further expedient development of the invention, several covers can be provided which are configured very similarly or identically. The covers can be standard parts that can be used to cover high voltage cables on a variety of car bodies. Standardized end covers can be provided for the ends of the cable holder, which, when installed, provide a feed-through opening for the high-voltage cable.

The cover preferably follows the course of the outer shell of the car body. In particular, the cover can close to the outer shell of the car body or close to a gap remaining between the car body and the cover. The outer surface of the cover is ideally flush with the outer surface of the outer shell of the car body. Due to this arrangement of the cover, no edge protection profiles are required.

According to the invention, the cable holder is arranged in a roof area of the car body, in particular in a lateral roof area of the car body. This ensures good accessibility. The cable holder can be arranged in particular in a shoulder section of the roof area in order to route the high-voltage cable past the components arranged on the vehicle roof.

The cover may be made of a non-conductive material, such as a fibre-plastic composite, to reduce the risk of flashovers from an overhead line. Alternatively, production from metal is conceivable in order to make the cover as durable as possible.

In a method according to the invention for manufacturing a rail vehicle, the following steps can be provided:
First, a cable can be inserted into a depression in a roof area of the car body. To fix the cable, it can then be connected to the car body using a cable holder. In the next step, a cover is preferably attached to the car body. The air gap between the car body and the cover can then be adjusted. To do this, the sliding blocks described above can be moved in the C-rails.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausschnitts eines Wagenkastens mit einer Kabelaufnahme und einem Hochspannungskabel;
• Fig. 2 eine schematische geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Wagenkastens mit einer Kabelaufnahme mit Abdeckung;
• Fig. 3 eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausschnitts einer Kabelaufnahme;
• Fig. 4 eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht der Ausführungsform der Fig. 3 mit verschlossener Kabelaufnahme;
• Fig. 5 eine schematische geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Wagenkastens mit einer alternativen Ausgestaltung einer Kabelaufnahme mit Abdeckung;
• Fig. 6 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Ausschnitts eines Wagenkastens mit erfindungsgemäßer Kabelaufnahme.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. Show it:

• 1 a schematic perspective view of a section of a car body with a cable holder and a high-voltage cable;
• 2 a schematic sectional side view of a car body with a cable holder with cover;
• 3 a schematic perspective view of a section of a cable holder;
• 4 a schematic perspective view of the embodiment of FIG 3 with locked cable holder;
• figure 5 a schematic sectional side view of a car body with an alternative embodiment of a cable holder with cover;
• 6 a schematic side view of a section of a car body with cable holder according to the invention.

The following are with reference to the Figures 1 to 6 two preferred embodiments of the rail vehicle according to the invention are described.

In 1 a section of a car body 1 of a rail vehicle with a cable holder 21 is shown. The detail shown here is a bodyshell that is welded to adjacent bodyshell elements to form a car body 1 . The car body 1 has an outer shell 27 with a depression 2 which runs in the longitudinal direction L of the car body 1 . The depression 2 can essentially extend over the entire length of the car body 1 .

In the sink 2 a high-voltage cable 3 is inserted. The high-voltage cable 3 conducts the current introduced via pantographs at the end of the train or car to the transformer or to the drive device of the rail vehicle.

2 12 is a sectional side view of a sink 2 according to FIG 1 , In this case the cable holder 21 is partially closed by the cover 6. A cover 6 is fastened to the car body 1 via a first fastening arrangement 4 and a second fastening arrangement 5 . The cover 6 is preferably made of sheet metal, in particular made of stainless steel sheet, in order to achieve a weather-resistant and nevertheless high-strength cover.

The fastening arrangement 4 also serves to fix the high-voltage cable 3 in place. For this purpose, the high-voltage cable 3 is inserted into a cable holder 7 which is connected to the fastening arrangement 4 .

The fastening arrangement 4 comprises a C-rail 8, a sliding block 9, a screw 10 and a retaining plate 11. In order to fix the retaining plate 11 to the car body 1, this is clamped via the screw 10 inserted into the sliding block 9. In addition to a washer 12, an intermediate layer 13 is provided to distribute the clamping forces on the holding plate 11 and to reduce settling phenomena.

The C-rail 8 can be welded to the car body 1 in order to avoid screw connections that are susceptible to corrosion. A sliding block 9 inserted into the C-rail 8 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the C-rail or in the longitudinal direction L of the car body and to a small extent also in the transverse direction of the C-rail in order to adjust the position of the retaining plate 11.

The retaining plate 11 forms with the first fastening arrangement 4 a holder 14 for fastening the cover 6. The cover 6 is provided with an indentation 15 that tapers in an insertion direction E, and the retaining plate 11 with a back 16 that also tapers in the direction of insertion E Indentation 15 is the back 16 used, with the inner surfaces of the indentation 15 and the outer surfaces of the back 16 add to each other. This creates a play-free, form-fitting connection between the holder 14 and the cover 6.

An extension 23 extending essentially parallel to the outer shell 27 of the car body 1 forms an air gap 24 together with the car body 1. The air gap 24 enables ventilation or air circulation around the high-voltage cable 3 and thus its cooling.

The second fastening arrangement 5 is arranged on the side of the cover 6 opposite the holder 14 . The fastening arrangement 5 comprises a fastening means receptacle 17 designed as a fastening extension, which can be designed as a fastening bracket. The fastening means receptacle 17 is preferably welded to the car body 1 . Alternatively, in the case of an aluminum car body, the fastening means receptacle 17 can be made from extruded profiles as part of an extruded profile. A threaded carrier 18 is fastened to the fastener receptacle 17 . The threaded carrier 18 can in particular be designed as a cage nut. A screw 19, which can be screwed into the threaded carrier 18, is used to fasten the underside of the cover 6. The screw 19 is screwed into a not shown here, also serving as a fastener holder Opening in the cover 6 used. The cover 6 has a projection 22 on its underside, which forms a roof-like projection and thus protects the further fastening means receptacle arranged in the cover 6 and the second fastening arrangement 5 from the effects of the weather and at least partially conceals them from people standing next to the vehicle.

3 shows the fastening assemblies 4, 5 of 2 in a perspective view. For fastening the retaining plate 11, the first fastening arrangement 4 comprises two screws 10, which are each connected to the C-rail 8 via slot nuts (not shown here). Likewise, two screws 19 on the fastener receptacle 17 serve to fix the cover, not shown here. The first fastening arrangement 4 also serves to fasten the cable holder 7 , which is connected to the retaining plate 11 via a screw 20 .

In 4 the fastening arrangements 4, 5 are shown with the cable receptacle 21 closed. Except for part of the screw 20 for fastening the cable holder 7, part of the cable holder 7 and the screw heads of the screws 19, the first fastening arrangement 4 and the second fastening arrangement 5 are completely covered by the covers 6. In the upper area of the covers 6 no fasteners are visible. The screws 19 are also protected from the weather under the projections 22 . Between the covers 6 runs an additional air gap 25, like the air gap 24 of the 2 allows air to circulate and cool the high-voltage cable located in the cable receptacle 21 .

figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a cable holder 21, wherein for the sake of simplicity, the previously used reference symbols have been used again for elements with the same function. While the cover 6 of the execution Figures 1 to 4 is preferably made of sheet metal, in particular made of stainless steel sheet, the cover 6 is figure 5 made from a fiber composite plastic, in particular from a glass fiber plastic. Although this requires thicker walls to achieve the same stability. However, the cover has an overall lower weight.

In order to create a contact surface that is as flush as possible between the indentation 15 and the retaining plate 11 and to avoid damage to the cover 6 made of glass fiber plastic, a widening 28 is provided on the retaining plate 11 . The widening 28 is preferably made of an elastomer. The widening 28 can preferably be plugged and/or glued onto the holding plate 11 .

6 is a schematic representation of a section of a car body 1 with a cable holder 21. Air gaps 24 border above the covers 6, air gaps 25 run between the covers 6, and further air gaps 26 are arranged below the covers 6. The air gaps 26 are formed by the gap below the cover 6, which is interrupted by the fastener receptacles 17 welded to the car body 1. The dimensions of the air gaps 24, 25, 26 are selected in such a way that the high-voltage cable located in the cable receptacle 21 is adequately ventilated and cooled.

The specific embodiments described and illustrated are not binding for the practice of the invention, but may be suitably modified within the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.

Reference List

1

car body

2

sink

3

high voltage cable

4

First mounting arrangement

5

Second mounting arrangement

6

cover

7

cable holder

8th

C-rail

9

slot nut

10

screw

11

retaining plate

12

washer

13

liner

14

bracket

15

indentation

16

the back

17

fastener holder

18

threaded carrier

19

screw

20

screw

21

cable intake

22

cantilever

23

extension

24

air gap

25

air gap

26

air gap

27

outer shell

28

widening

E

insertion direction

L

longitudinal direction

Claims (15)

1. A rail vehicle, comprising a car body (1) with an outer shell (27), a cable receptacle (21) for guiding a high-voltage cable (3), wherein the cable receptacle (21) is formed by a depression (2) in the outer shell (27) of the car body (1) and a cover (6) is provided for covering a cable (3) received in the cable receptacle (21), which cover is repeatedly detachably attached to the car body (1), wherein the cable receptacle (21) is arranged in a roof region of the car body (1).
2. The rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the mounting position of the cover (6) with respect to the outer shell (27) of the car body (1) is adjustable, whereby in particular gap dimensions between the outer shell (27) and the cover (6) are adjustable.
3. The rail vehicle according to any of the above claims, wherein a plurality of attachment means seats (17) for attaching the cover (6) are provided at the car body (1).
4. The rail vehicle according to one of the above claims, wherein the cover (6) comprises an attachment means seat which, in the mounted state of the cover (6), is covered by a extension (22) of the cover (6).
5. The rail vehicle according to any of the above claims, wherein a C-rail (8) is arranged at the car body (1), to which C-rail (8) the cover (6) is attached via a sliding block (9).
6. The rail vehicle according to any of the above claims, wherein a fixture (14) for attaching the cover (6) to the car body (1) is provided on the car body (1).
7. The rail vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the fixture (14) and/or the C-rail (8) are arranged between the cover (6) and the outer shell (27) of the car body (1) in the mounted state of the cover (6).
8. The rail vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the fixture (14) comprises a back (16) onto which back (16) the cover (6) may be placed on, and the cover (6) comprises an indentation (15) tapering in an insertion direction (E), into which indentation (15) the back (16) is insertable.
9. The rail vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the back (16) and the indentation (15) are configured to fit into one another.
10. The rail vehicle according to any of the above claims, wherein the cover (6) is at a distance from the outer shell (27) of the car body (1) in the mounted state.
11. The rail vehicle according to any of the above claims, wherein the cover (6) extends adjacent to the depression (2) and parallel to the car body (1) and forms a first air gap (24) with the latter.
12. The rail vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the inner walls of the air gap (24) extend essentially vertically upward or in the direction of a car body center plane extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the car body (1).
13. The rail vehicle according to claim 12, wherein at least two covers (6) are provided which are at a distance from each other in the mounted state and mutually form a second air gap (25) which extends essentially perpendicularly to the first air gap (24).
14. The rail vehicle according to any of the above claims, wherein the cable receptacle (21) is arranged in a lateral roof area of the car body (1).
15. A method of manufacturing a rail vehicle according to any of the above claims, characterized by the steps:

    a. inserting a cable (3) into a depression (2) in a roof area of the car body (1),

    b. subsequently, attaching a cover (6) to the car body (1),

    c. subsequently, adjusting the air gap (24, 25, 26) between the car body (1) and the cover (6).

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