EP3574420A1 - Verfahren, recheneinrichtung und computerprogramm zum bereitstellen eines fassungsrandmodells - Google Patents
Verfahren, recheneinrichtung und computerprogramm zum bereitstellen eines fassungsrandmodellsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3574420A1 EP3574420A1 EP18701185.3A EP18701185A EP3574420A1 EP 3574420 A1 EP3574420 A1 EP 3574420A1 EP 18701185 A EP18701185 A EP 18701185A EP 3574420 A1 EP3574420 A1 EP 3574420A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- frame edge
- model
- parametric
- data sets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C13/00—Assembling; Repairing; Cleaning
- G02C13/003—Measuring during assembly or fitting of spectacles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N20/00—Machine learning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/70—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
- G06T7/73—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras using feature-based methods
- G06T7/75—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras using feature-based methods involving models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/08—Probabilistic or stochastic CAD
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- G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
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- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20081—Training; Learning
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30196—Human being; Person
- G06T2207/30201—Face
Definitions
- the present application relates to methods and apparatus for providing a frame edge model of a spectacle frame and corresponding computer programs and computing devices.
- a frame border of a spectacle frame is the part of the
- Spectacle frame in which then a spectacle lens is fitted, wherein a first portion of the frame edge for a left lens and a second portion of the frame edge for the right lens is provided.
- the edge of the frame is not just the border of the frame surrounding the lens
- Eyeglass frame but also the corresponding sizes in stunned glasses or partial glasses, e.g. Eyeglass frame inner edge, support disk outer edge or eyeglass lens outer edge.
- a frame edge model is understood to be a mathematical and / or geometric description of the frame edge of a spectacle frame or at least of the first or second portion of the frame edge.
- Zentrierparameter so that the optical centers of the glasses can be brought into line with the visual axes of the corresponding eyes, so as.
- Zentrierparameter so that the optical centers of the glasses can be brought into line with the visual axes of the corresponding eyes.
- centering parameter monocular pupillary distance PD, corneal vertex distance HS according to reference point requirement and / or after eye pivot point requirement, monocular center point distance, center point coordinates , Disc distance, centering point decentration, disc height and width, disc center distance, prescription lens a,
- Bracket angle ß grinding height.
- the centering parameters are determined regularly by an optician. Important
- Centering parameters are z. For example, these are defined in the standard EN ISO 13666: 2012 (D / E) and can be determined by an optician and a subject standing or sitting opposite one another, with the test person setting the version of his choice with a pane of glass enclosed in it. The subject is asked to look into the distance, and the optician then draws
- This cross determines the position of the optical center of the lens to be inserted into the socket. This procedure is performed individually for each of a subject's eyes. The distance between the centering crosses determined in this way is the pupillary distance PD.
- This system includes a height adjustable mounted on a digital video camera, the lens is arranged together with a mirror and a light source in the region of the front surface of the housing.
- the system makes it possible to measure distances and to measure the dimensions required for embedding
- Eyeglass lenses are to be considered. In the system there is one with the digital one
- Video camera connected computer taken from the image of a spectacle wearer with a
- Spectacle frame and with a measuring bracket fixed to the spectacle frame Centering parameters for the spectacle frame determined by means of image evaluation.
- one or more images of a person's head, which carries the respective spectacle frame are recorded simultaneously or sequentially, and the centering parameters are determined by image analysis from the recorded images.
- the algorithms used are based, among other things, on the captured images
- a tracer record is present for a spectacle frame currently to be measured on a person's head.
- a tracer is according to the above-mentioned DIN EN ISO 13666 a device for accurate, often three-dimensional measurement of the glass shape of a spectacle frame for the edge of the form of the glass, so a device which measures the frame edge of a spectacle frame.
- the tracer can thereby determine the tracer dataset either the frame edge of the eyeglass frame or the glass edge of a support disk which is shaped to in the frame edge to be used, measured.
- the tracer record then describes only the frame edge of the spectacle frame, but not other parts of the spectacle frame.
- Tracer records after being generated by the tracer, typically contain information identifying the source of the record (ie, the tracer used). However, this information may also be removed as the tracer record is processed.
- the approach of DE 10 201 1 1 15 239 B4 is then based on finding a contour described by the tracer data record in image recordings. Conventional methods of image analysis such as pattern matching or template matching are used, the latter being described, for example, in the article "Template Matching" on Wikipedia of January 17, 2017.
- Pattern search also referred to as pattern-based search or pattern matching, is a designation for symbol-processing Method which identifies corresponding structures in the recorded images on the basis of a predetermined pattern-in this case specified by the tracer data set-Through the use of the tracer data set, the recognition of the frame edge in the images is determined according to the statements of DE 10 201 11 15 239 B4 compared to others
- a disadvantage of this approach is that the tracer record and thus the patched glasses must be known to find the frame edge in the captured images.
- an optician will not generate tracer data from a socket until a customer has already selected the glasses for purchase. Since the generation of the tracer data is time consuming, they become
- the tracer datasets are at least preferably required as three-dimensional datasets (ie, datasets describing the three-dimensional shape of the rim of the frame), while some conventional tracers only generate two-dimensional datasets describing the shape of the rim of the frame in a plane.
- Szu-Hao Huang et al. "Human-centric design personalization of 3D glasses frame in markerless augmented reality,” Advanced Engineering Informatics 26 (2012) pp. 35-45 describe a method of virtual fitting a spectacle frame Spectacle frame used by means of a
- Main component analysis is created on a variety of stored spectacle acquisition models.
- the spectacle frame models are present as polygonal meshes which correspond to CAD (Computer Aided Design) datasets of spectacle frames.
- CAD Computer Aided Design
- US 2015/055085 A1 discloses a virtual fitting on of glasses, to which a model of the glasses is used. Captured head images are analyzed with a principal component analysis.
- Zentrierparameterbetician not a separate Tracer record must be created for each spectacle frame.
- Spectacle frames and from these, a model of an entire spectacle frame is obtained by a principal component analysis.
- a model is explained for the above Fassungsranderkennung only conditionally suitable because in the model, for example, data regarding the eyeglass temple are included, which have nothing to do with the detection of the frame edge, but still need to be processed with. It is therefore a first object of the invention to provide a method for providing a
- Embodiments of the method of the first aspect Embodiments of the method of the first aspect.
- Frame margins are not included in the model and thus can not be detected.
- Embodiments of the second aspect The method for providing a model of a spectacle frame according to Szu-Hao Huang et al., Which uses inter alia a principal component analysis, is relatively complicated mathematically. Proceeding from this, it is a third object of the present invention to propose a simplified method for providing a frame edge model. For this purpose, a computer-implemented method according to claim 19 is provided according to a third aspect of the invention.
- Dependent claims 20-22 define others
- Embodiments of the third aspect In the method according to Szu-Hao Huang et al. It is assumed that 3D data from spectacle frames are in a form suitable for principal component analysis. When data describing the frame edge of an eyeglass frame comes from a variety of sources, such as various meters, e.g. with different tracers from different socket manufacturers or opticians, the data are in various formats and may also be noisy due to the measurement process, i. Have fluctuations that are due to the measurement.
- the frame edge models provided with the above methods can be used, in particular, for centering spectacle lenses, for enclosing spectacle lenses and for producing spectacle lenses.
- methods according to claims 42, 43 and 44 are provided.
- a method for providing a frame edge model
- a parametric rim model is a rim model that has one or more modifiable parameters. By changing the parameter or the parameters, the geometry of the frame edge described by the frame edge model then changes, for example with regard to size or shape or with regard to the alignment of first and second sections for the two spectacle lenses. This is similar to parametric modeling in CAD (Computer Aided Design) technology (see http://www.blien.de/ralf/cad/db/para_mod.htm Stand
- parameters are not limited to dimensions and generally changes in geometry e.g. in terms of size and / or shape by changing the parameters are possible.
- Parameters of such a model are thus variables by means of which the frame edge described by the frame edge model can be changed.
- a parametric frame edge model in the sense used here can also be a so-called parameter-free model. Parameter-free models are described, for example, in the Wikipedia article “Parameter-Free Statistics.”
- Models whose model structure is not determined a priori, but is determined based on the large number of data sets. They also have parameters, but the nature and number of these parameters are also not fixed a priori. They are also applicable if the necessary prerequisites for certain parametric models (e.g., for Gaussian distributions) in the data are not met.
- the parametric frame edge model By providing the parametric frame edge model based on the plurality of datasets, a plurality of datasets are incorporated into the model. This causes the parametric frame edge model to be applicable to a variety of different spectacle frames, even to spectacle frames that are not directly described by a record of the plurality of datasets.
- the parametric frame edge model can then be adapted to the frame edge of a specific spectacle frame by the parameter or parameters of the parametric frame edge model.
- tracer data records of different spectacle data of spectacle frames are used, which were determined via a corresponding multiplicity of spectacle frames.
- Tracer datasets provides data only for the required frame margins, and not for other parts of a frame such as brackets.
- tracer records contain only sequences of points in space or in the plane that describe the socket outline. They are not meshes, as in the above-cited publication Szu-Hao Huang, which also contains edges and surfaces in addition to points. This can simplify the creation of the frame border model as well as a subsequent image analysis, since the
- Frame contour does not have to be calculated first from a model of an entire spectacle frame.
- an optician often does not have polygon meshes of spectacle frames as in the method of Szu-Hao Huang et al. before, for example in the form of CAD datasets, on the eyeglass frames, since these are the trade secret of the frame manufacturers.
- most opticians have a tracer that can easily retrieve a variety of tracer data sets.
- the method according to the first aspect of the invention can also be easily performed by an optician without relying on the provision of records by third parties such as socket manufacturers.
- the second, third and fourth aspects may alternatively be CAD data (Computer Aided Design) of the spectacle frames of
- the data sets are present as 3D data records, i. they describe the spatial course of the respective border of the frame. This results in more accurate models, since all three spatial directions can be determined.
- 2D datasets which describe the course of the frame margins only in one plane.
- the parametric frame edge model does not allow "untypical" frame margins, e.g., no frame margins, the cut-off lenses, non-symmetrical ones
- Eyeglass lenses or lenses with glass edges, which have a bulge or invagination, so a high curvature correspond.
- the data sets are preferably present as 3D data sets, i. Data sets that describe the course of the respective border of the frame in three dimensions.
- 3D data sets i. Data sets that describe the course of the respective border of the frame in three dimensions.
- Socket angle can be determined over a variety of lenses. Alternatively, it is also possible to simply assume typical values for these parameters. In addition, a symmetry of two levels, paraboloid or similar 3D models in which the lenses are, to each other to be accepted. With pre-tilt angle,
- Bracket angle and the assumption of symmetry then yields the location of the two planes (e.g., defined by normal vectors on the planes and points of appeal for the plane)
- Normal vectors into which the 2D data sets are then projected.
- the method according to the invention also makes it possible to provide a 2D model based on 2D data sets. This may also be beneficial in some applications.
- 2D datasets are smaller (less data) than corresponding 3D datasets, and because of their lower dimensionality, 2D models have fewer parameters in most cases, so optimization methods using the 2D model, eg, when the model approaches a frame edge in an image is adjusted as described later, have a lower complexity. For some applications, such as identifying a frame border in a single image, only one 2D model is needed.
- Providing the parametric frame edge model may, in one variant, include calculating the parametric frame edge model from the plurality of datasets.
- the large number of data sets is used as the basis for a new creation of a parametric frame edge model.
- An example of this is machine learning based on the large number of data records.
- Machine learning is outlined in the Wikipedia article "Machine Learning" of January 17, 2017, and is a generic term for artificially generating knowledge from experience.
- the plurality of data sets represents experience
- the parametric perimeter model represents the generated knowledge dar.
- the mentioned Wikipedia article also gives an overview of various approaches and algorithms that can be used here.
- One possible approach for calculating the parametric frame edge model from the plurality of datasets is to use a principal component analysis.
- the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a multivariant statistics method that generates a large number of so-called "main components", the data sets being then calculated as the sum of an average value and a value
- Linear combinations of these main components can be displayed.
- the mean value of the plurality of data sets is first determined and subtracted from the data records. From the result, the main components are determined.
- the main components are orthogonal to each other. This means that the representation of each record is unique, i. that the respective linear combination is unique
- Principal components then represent the parameters of the parametric frame edge model.
- An advantage of the principal component analysis is also that it provides the dimension of the
- Model space can be minimized so that as little information is lost.
- the dimension of the model space is equal to the number of parameters of the model and in the case of the principal component analysis the number of main components (one coefficient for each
- the border of the frame is determined by projecting a curve defined by the respective edge of the frame onto the main components.
- ICA Independent Component Analysis
- providing the parametric frame edge model comprises calculating probability distributions for parameters of a predetermined parametric one
- Perimeter border model based on the large number of data records. In this variant, therefore, no parametric frame edge model is created completely new, but at first a parametric frame edge model is specified.
- a simple example of such a model is two planes symmetric to a median plane, each plane
- the frame margins can then be further described by parametric geometric shapes within the planes, a simple example of which are ellipses, for example, by the length of the major semiaxes , usually denoted by a, and the small semiaxes, usually denoted by b, can be characterized as parameters, where the major axis formed by the major semiaxes, the axis passing through the foci of the ellipse, and the minor axis, which is formed of two small semi-axes, is perpendicular to it.
- the predetermined parametric frame edge model can for example be adapted (fitted) to each of the data records in order to obtain respective parameter values for the data record.
- Such fitting can be done, for example, with the least squares method (see Wikipedia article “Least Squares Method” of January 17, 2017) or with other conventional Fit methods, thus obtaining parameter values for the plurality of records. which can then be statistically evaluated.
- mean and standard deviation can be specified for each of the parameter values.
- any distributions of the Parameter values are collected and analyzed, and there is no restriction on a given distribution such as a Gaussian distribution.
- the statistical evaluation can be done in a simple manner by means of a histogram, as described for example in the Wikipedia article "Histogram", as of 1 December 1, 2017.
- MCMC Markov Chain Monte Carlo
- Parameters on the data. This is repeated very often, e.g. more than 10,000 times or more, with the number of repetitions also depending on the particular method chosen and its implementation.
- a probability distribution over model parameter sets ie over all parameters together
- the parameter set with the highest probability can be selected as "best fit", i.e. as a fitted model, or alternatively, for example, the mean or median of the distribution:
- probability distributions of parameters of the above-mentioned parameter-free models can also be determined in this way.
- providing the parametric frame edge model comprises providing the plurality of datasets or a plurality of datasets derived from the plurality of datasets as the model, one parameter of the parametric
- Perimeter frame indicates a record of the plurality of records or the plurality of other records.
- the data records or other data records derived therefrom are used directly as a model, and a parameter indicates a respective data record, for example a number of the data record.
- a parameter indicates a respective data record, for example a number of the data record.
- no elaborate processing of the data sets for example by means of principal component analysis, is necessary in order to create the model.
- a parametric frame edge model For example, to adapt to a frame edge found in an image, the data set closest to the frame edge in the image can then be selected (again, for example, by means of the least squares method).
- Derived additional records are records that are derived from the multitude of records using mathematical operations such as those explained below
- providing the parametric frame edge model includes transforming the plurality of datasets.
- a plurality of transformed data sets are obtained.
- a transformation of a data record is to be understood as meaning the application of an operation to the data record which makes the data record in another form, i. a respective further data set, transferred, wherein the information of the data set about the geometry of the frame edge remains at least approximately.
- Such transformations can serve in particular for normalization or reparameterization in order to bring the multiplicity of data records into a format corresponding to one another, as it were.
- Reparameterization is a change of parameters and / or values (e.g., coordinates) that describe the frame edge, such as a change of a used coordinate system or a change of a base such as a coordinate. a reference point of a used
- the transformation in a first variant of the fourth aspect of the invention optionally also in other aspects of the invention, comprise a coordinate transformation.
- a coordinate transformation data present in a first coordinate system are transferred to a second coordinate system.
- data sets present in different first coordinate systems can be transformed into a common second coordinate system, and / or the data records can be converted into a coordinate system which is more suitable for later processing.
- Cartesian coordinates ((x, y) in 2D or (x, y, z) in 3D)
- existing data sets in polar coordinates ( ⁇ , r) (in 2D) or spherical coordinates ( ⁇ , ⁇ , r) (in 3D ) are transferred.
- the coordinate systems of the data sets can be brought to mutually corresponding reference points.
- the center of a portion of the frame edge can serve as a reference point for a spectacle lens, wherein the center of gravity can be used in particular as the center of gravity.
- peripheral edge portions serve as a reference point for the two lenses.
- a rotation to align the data sets in the same direction by means of the coordinate transformation, a rotation to align the data sets in the same direction.
- a horizontal direction which connects the centers according to the box system (5.4 DIN EN ISO 13666 from 10/2013) of right and left lenses in the respective spectacle frame, be defined as an x-axis, and directions perpendicular thereto as y- and z -Axis.
- Eyeglass lenses approximating planes as z-axis (for records that describe both portions of the frame edge, for one of the lenses, such as the left) and a direction perpendicular thereto are defined as the y-axis, the lenses are defined by the records. Rotations then align all the records of the plurality of records into that coordinate system.
- the transformation may also include resampling of the frame margins defined by the datasets, in which the geometries defined by the datasets are in polar coordinates, for example
- the reference point can be selected as explained above, in this way the data sets are unified in terms of their representation, which is the following further
- the transformation comprises filtering the data records with a low-pass filter in order to smooth out the frame edge geometries defined by the data sets.
- Filtering is understood to mean a transformation of data sets in the above-mentioned sense by which noise or other measurement artifacts that occurred during the creation of the data sets are reduced or eliminated, ie. a partial aspect of the signal is partially or completely suppressed. Examples of such filtering include Gaussian filtering (see the Wikipedia article "Gaussian Filter” as of January 18, 2017) or Fourier filtering. ⁇ br /> ⁇ br /> In a Fourier filtering, a Fourier transform is made on the data sets from the spatial domain in performed the frequency space, and the
- an inverse transformation (inverse Fourier transformation) can take place.
- a further processing for example, the above-mentioned calculation of the model in the frequency space and take place, for example, only after a back transformation.
- Margin frame model can be facilitated because such measurement artifacts or noise then need not be considered in the frame edge model.
- the transformation comprises an approximation of the data sets by parametric curves.
- Parametric curves are curves that are described by parameters.
- An example of such parametric curves are the already mentioned splines. These curves are matched to each of the data sets in such embodiments, again using the least squares method, for example, so that ultimately each data set is then characterized by the respective parameters, such as spline coefficients. This leads to a smoothing, as smooth curves are defined by the datasets defined points.
- the analysis of the image is to be understood as a processing of the image which helps to ultimately obtain information from the at least one image.
- segmentation is generally understood as the identification of specific image components. It is considerably facilitated if there is a frame edge model whose parameters have to be adapted, since only special meaningful curves of the curve can be represented in the picture. Without such a model it is difficult to find a curve that matches the characteristics of a
- Spectacle edge or two lens edges is sufficient, e.g. the symmetry of the two glasses detected in the image is naturally given in a 3D frame model. In contrast, it is difficult to achieve the symmetry of the two lenses in an image segmentation process, because perspective distortions in the image of the 3D frame edge into the image lead to asymmetrical 2D contours. Centering parameters can then be determined by the detection of the edge of the frame, as explained in the introduction with reference to DE 10 201 11 15999 B4.
- Parameters of the parametric frame edge model which are detected by a detection of the
- Fassungsrandes can be obtained in one or more images and adjusting the frame edge model to the detected frame edge.
- they are preferably taken from multiple directions, which increases the accuracy of the detection of the frame edge.
- further parameters can be calculated, which include a translation, rotation, scaling, etc. of the
- Frame border model to adapt to the picture describe. If the concrete parameters of the frame border model are known, the position of the frame in the room is determined.
- the frame border also for stunned glasses and spectacles with partial versions with the location of the frame edge and a representation of an edge of a corresponding to be inserted into the socket lens is known and can thus be determined.
- a representation of an edge of a spectacle lens as described above for the detection of the frame edge can be determined.
- the invention means a
- a representation of the edge of a spectacle lens is a data set from which the three-dimensional course of the wearer's wear rim facing away from the spectacle wearer can optionally be unambiguously determined on the basis of additional variables describing the spectacle lens.
- a representation of the edge of a spectacle lens can, for. B. be surrounded by the projection of the edge of the lens in the image plane of an image sensor of an image pickup device surface in which the lens is imaged for image capture.
- the wearing edge of a spectacle lens corresponds to one
- the edge of a spectacle lens which corresponds to the inner edge of the eyeglass frame and the outer edge of the eyeglass lens which is not connected to the eyeglass lens frame are to be understood as the support rim of a spectacle lens.
- the supporting edge of a spectacle lens in rimless glasses is the glass outer edge.
- the frame-specific centering parameters can then be determined, e.g. the pre-tilt or the bracket angle. If, in addition, the position of the eyes in the room is known, the centering parameters can be completely determined.
- Spectacle frame provided, characterized in that in a step (i) to the
- Spectacle lens centering parameters are determined, wherein determining the centering parameters comprises determining the representation of the edge of the spectacle lens with the method as described above and in a step (ii) the spectacle lens is centered with the centering parameters determined in step (i) in the spectacle frame.
- a method for inserting a spectacle lens into a spectacle frame characterized in that in a step (i) to the spectacle lens
- Centering parameters are determined, wherein determining the centering parameters, determining the representation of the edge of the spectacle lens with the method as described above includes; and in a step (ii) grinding the spectacle lens based on the centering parameters determined in step (i) for an arrangement in the spectacle frame.
- eyeglass properties can be determined from the image as information, for. B. color, shape or size of the glasses. If the specific parameters of the 3-D frame model have been known or previously estimated, camera parameters from the identification of the frame edge in one or more images can also be obtained as information, e.g. the extrinsic parameters (one location) of a used calibrated camera or the intrinsic and extrinsic
- Camera parameters of an uncalibrated camera together may be particularly useful in applications where mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets are used for image capture whose location in space is not fixed.
- both the parameters of the 3D frame model and the camera parameters can be determined simultaneously, for example by solving an optimization problem.
- the camera parameters of a camera are extrinsic parameters, ie parameters that do not arise from the properties of the camera itself, such as the relative orientation in space, ie the relative orientation of the optical axis of the camera to other objects, as well as the intrinsic parameters of the camera
- An example of such intrinsic parameters are parameters that define how the coordinates of a point in space in a coordinate system referenced to the camera are converted into the coordinates of the pixel of that point located in the image plane of the image sensor.
- the frame can be removed from the images by projecting the frame model into the images according to the camera imaging properties and removing the resulting contour from the images and repairing it with inpainting.
- the parametric boundary model in the analysis can simplify the analysis, examples of which are discussed below.
- the provision of the at least one image may, for example, comprise taking one or more images with one or more cameras arranged in a fixed geometry. This allows for multiple cameras with fixed geometry or a single camera that performs a given (and thus known) or any motion relative to the head to pick up the head from different directions
- the parametric frame model can be used to segment the at least one image, in particular to identify the
- edges of the frame may be bad or even unidentifiable (eg rimless frames or frames with colors that are similar to skin color). This can lead to edges being only partially identified.
- edges in the image can be incorrectly identified as border edges (eg if the outer edge of the glasses shows the hair or the background, strong edges to the skin color of the face, which are easily confused with the edge of the frame).
- the parametric frame model can be used, since the parametric frame model does not allow for untypical frame margins (eg cut glasses, not symmetrical glasses, glass edges with bulge or
- the space of possible solutions to that in the image may increase
- camera calibration data is used.
- the camera calibration data describes a mapping rule of (three-dimensional) points in space to an image captured by a camera used to capture the at least one image.
- the parametric frame edge model can be projected into the image and used to identify edges of the frame border.
- a projection is understood to be an image of a 3D model in a 2D image. If no calibration data should be present, in some embodiments, the frame edge model may be projected into the at least one image, e.g. by the
- the at least one image may also comprise a plurality of images taken from different directions, e.g. as stereo image recording.
- a 3D image can be calculated therefrom according to computation steps known from stereoscopic image recording, in which the 3D frame edge model can then be used to identify the frame edge. Identifying the frame edge in the image will then also reveal the parameters of the frame perimeter frame model for that frame edge, e.g. when segmenting and determining the parameters in one
- the parametric rim model with the parameters thus determined can then be used e.g. be used to determine Zentrierparametern, as will be explained briefly below.
- parametric edge model these can also be used, for example, in the image analysis of an average of the parameter
- This value can then be improved sequentially, for example within an MCMC method, in which a parameter set corresponding to the distributions of the individual parameters is randomly selected and then the distance of the images projected into the image Sizing edges with the image detected in the image, for example by means of an edge detector edges is calculated. This procedure is repeated very frequently, leading to a distribution over parameters with associated distances. At the end the parameter set with the smallest distance value can be selected as best.
- the mean of the parameter may be used as an initial value in an optimization problem, e.g. within a gradient descent process.
- a deviation of a frame edge determined from the at least one image is also included in the parametric frame edge model
- possible frame margins are mathematically, e.g. Binary function on the image with an argument of the function describing, for example, points as a result of points or also as a spectacle lens to be inserted into the spectacle frame. between 0 (outside the lens) and 1 (inside the lens).
- the amount of possible frame margins represents a Fassungsrandjansschar dar.
- a cost function which uses eg the edges in the image or the colors in the image and assigns a value to each possible border of the frame.
- the minimum of this cost function (minimized by the marginal margins feature set - the cost function is thus a function of functions or frame margins) is then the best frame constraint function that fits the assumptions (edges and color, etc.) in the cost function.
- the cost function edge, color, symmetry, etc.
- a penalty is generally an additional term in the cost function, which is the "cost", ie the Value of the function, increased depending on certain circumstances, in this case depending on a deviation of the frame edge from the parametric frame edge model. That is, solutions for the frame edge to be identified that are far from the space of the frame margins that can be written by the parametric frame model have a high cost in optimizing the frame edge to be identified (ie optimizing a frame edge as well as possible) identify the at least one image so that the identified frame edge corresponds as closely as possible to the actual frame edge). This Strafterm you can to all sorts
- the frame edge is identified in the image by means of conventional methods, for example with the methods mentioned in the introduction to the description of DE 10 201 1 1 15 239 A1.
- the parametric frame edge model is then adjusted, i. the parameters of the parametric
- Frame border models are optimized in order to achieve the greatest possible match of the parametric frame edge model with the frame edge identified in the at least one image.
- This adaptation can be done by the least squares method or another conventional optimization method.
- it is easier to determine the parameters of the parametric frame edge model than in the case where the parametric frame edge model is used for segmentation as described above, since only the parameters are found and the frame edge has already been identified in the image.
- the parametric frame edge model can then be used for further evaluations. For example, a position of the eyes can also be determined from the at least one image or with a distance measurement to the camera, and the centering parameters mentioned in the introduction can then be determined from the position of the eyes and the parametric frame edge model. Since these centering parameters are simple geometric quantities, they then simply result from the geometric description of the frame edge, which is given by the parametric frame edge model, and the position of the eyes for this purpose.
- the adaptation of the parametric frame edge model to a frame edge identified in an image may, in the case where the parametric frame edge model includes the plurality of data sets or other data sets derived from the plurality of data sets, also be the best matching one of the plurality of data sets or other records.
- the deviations from the identified frame edge are calculated for all data sets of the plurality of data records or the plurality of further data records and the data record with the smallest
- a computer program provided with a program code which, when executed on one or more processors of a computing device, one of the above
- a corresponding computing device having a processor and a memory in which a corresponding computer program is stored is also provided.
- the memory can be in particular a physically tangible memory.
- Computing device also has a data input to receive the records.
- the data input can be a network connection to receive the data records via a network such as the Internet, or a recording for a storage medium to receive the data stored on the storage medium records, such as a USB interface for receiving a memory stick or an optical Drive (DVD or CD drive) for holding an optical storage medium.
- a network such as the Internet
- a recording for a storage medium to receive the data stored on the storage medium records such as a USB interface for receiving a memory stick or an optical Drive (DVD or CD drive) for holding an optical storage medium.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method according to an exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method according to a further exemplary embodiment
- 3 is a block diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a data set
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a parametric model.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow chart, which generally shows the sequence of a method according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the method includes providing a plurality of data records each having a course of a frame edge of a
- FIG. 2 shows a more detailed flowchart of a method according to FIG.
- a step 20 data records, for example tracer data, are provided as training examples.
- preprocessing i. transforming the data records into another format, for example by coordinate transformation or reparameterization as already described.
- step 22 based on the preprocessed data sets, a parametric
- Fassungsrandmodell in this case, a 3D model, generated, for example by
- step 23 for example, a
- the parametric frame edge model is used to facilitate identifying a frame edge in captured images.
- step 24 as described in an optimization process for identifying a frame edge in one or more images, a penalty is created based on a deviation of a currently identified frame edge from the parametric frame edge model.
- step 25 as already explained, the data records or the
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a computing device 30 according to FIG.
- the computing device 30 includes a processor 31 and a memory 32, such as a random access memory (RAM) or a read-only memory (ROM), in which a program code is stored.
- a memory 32 such as a random access memory (RAM) or a read-only memory (ROM), in which a program code is stored.
- RAM random access memory
- ROM read-only memory
- the program code stored in the memory 32 is running on the processor 31, one or more of the methods described above, in particular the method of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, are executed.
- the computing device 30 via a data input 33 corresponding
- Data output 34 is then output a corresponding parametric frame edge model, which was determined as described. It should be noted that data input 33 and data output 34 can also be physically identical, for example by a
- Network interface or the like may be formed.
- a computing device 30 for example, a commercially available computer can be used, which then
- FIG. 4 shows a plurality of data records 40 in a 2D representation
- each record corresponds to a closed line indicating the portion of a frame edge for a spectacle lens. From this variety of lines, which for example tracer data from measurements
- FIG. 5 shows a simple diagram for illustrating a parametric one
- an ellipse 50 serves as a model, and the parameters are the large semiaxis a and the small semiaxis b of the ellipse 50.
- the ellipse 50 can serve, for example, as the predetermined parametric frame edge model 50.
- the ellipse 50 may then be adapted to each data set, for example to each of the curves of the data set 40 of FIG. 4, so as to obtain for each data set a value for the major semiaxis a and a value for the minor semiaxis b.
- a probability distribution for the parameters a and b can then be created, for example in the form of a histogram or in the form of mean value and standard deviation.
- ellipse 50 in this case was chosen only as a simple example, and even more complex geometric shapes are possible. In general, it should be noted that the illustrated and described
- Embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting.
- a method of providing a frame border model comprising:
- Clause 3 The method of clause 2, wherein the computing includes machine learning on the plurality of data sets.
- Coordinate transformation and / or scanning of curves defined by the data sets at equal angular intervals and / or filtering of the data sets and / or an approximation of the data sets by parametric curves comprises.
- Image analysis method comprising:
- identifying the frame edge comprises an optimization process with a penalty depending on a deviation of a frame edge to be optimized from the parametric frame edge model and / or identifying the frame edge based on probability distributions of parametric frame edge model parameters.
- a computer program having a program code which, when executed on a processor, performs the method of any of clauses 1-13.
- a computing device comprising:
- a data input for receiving a plurality of data records, each describing a profile of a frame edge of a respective spectacle frame, and a memory, wherein in the memory the computer program is stored according to clause 14.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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PCT/EP2018/051954 WO2018138258A1 (de) | 2017-01-27 | 2018-01-26 | Verfahren, recheneinrichtung und computerprogramm zum bereitstellen eines fassungsrandmodells |
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EP3413122B1 (de) | 2017-06-08 | 2020-03-04 | Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH | Verfahren, vorrichtung und computerprogramm zum bestimmen eines nah-durchblickpunktes |
US11238611B2 (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2022-02-01 | Electric Avenue Software, Inc. | System and method for eyewear sizing |
EP3876026A1 (de) | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-08 | Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH | Verfahren und vorrichtungen zum bestimmen des vorneigungswinkels |
EP3913424A1 (de) | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-24 | Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH | Computerimplementiertes verfahren zur bestimmung von zentrierparametern für mobile endgeräte, mobiles endgerät und computerprogramm |
CN111652113B (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-07-25 | 阿波罗智联(北京)科技有限公司 | 障碍物检测方法、装置、设备以及存储介质 |
JP2022184415A (ja) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-13 | 株式会社エビデント | 3次元画像表示方法、3次元画像表示装置、およびプログラム |
EP4227732A1 (de) | 2022-02-14 | 2023-08-16 | Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH | Verfahren zur kopfbildaufzeichnung und entsprechende mobile vorrichtung |
CN114815306B (zh) * | 2022-04-20 | 2024-04-16 | 苏州明世光学科技有限公司 | 一种用于远视矫正的自由曲面单焦点散光镜片及设计方法 |
CN117078730B (zh) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-01-23 | 资阳建工建筑有限公司 | 基于模版匹配的防凸卡具配准方法 |
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KR910000591B1 (ko) * | 1986-10-30 | 1991-01-26 | 가부시기가이샤 도시바 | 안경 프레임 화상처리 기록방법 및 이를 실시하기 위한 시스템 |
DE10033983A1 (de) | 2000-04-27 | 2001-10-31 | Frank Mothes | Einrichtung zur Bestimmung der Brillenglas-Zentrierdaten |
EP1862110A1 (de) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-05 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | Verfahren zur Optimierung von Brillengläsern |
WO2009024981A2 (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-26 | Visionix Ltd. | Multifunctional ophthalmic measurement system |
CN102301270B (zh) * | 2009-01-30 | 2013-12-04 | Hoya株式会社 | 眼镜镜片评价方法、眼镜镜片设计方法和眼镜镜片制造方法 |
FR2955409B1 (fr) * | 2010-01-18 | 2015-07-03 | Fittingbox | Procede d'integration d'un objet virtuel dans des photographies ou video en temps reel |
DE102011115239B4 (de) | 2011-09-28 | 2016-02-11 | Rodenstock Gmbh | Bestimmung der Scheibenform unter Berücksichtigung von Tracerdaten |
JP6096019B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-26 | 2017-03-15 | Hoya株式会社 | モールド用成形型、モールド及び眼鏡レンズの製造方法 |
US10330952B2 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | Hoya Corporation | Spectacle lenses |
EP2937729A4 (de) * | 2012-12-19 | 2016-07-27 | Hoya Corp | Herstellungsverfahren und herstellungsvorrichtung für brillengläser |
JP6063248B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-25 | 2017-01-18 | Hoya株式会社 | レンズ加工システム、発注側端末装置およびレンズ発注方法 |
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US11086148B2 (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2021-08-10 | Oakley, Inc. | Wearable devices such as eyewear customized to individual wearer parameters |
KR102146398B1 (ko) * | 2015-07-14 | 2020-08-20 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 3차원 컨텐츠 생성 장치 및 그 3차원 컨텐츠 생성 방법 |
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DE102016106121A1 (de) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-05 | Carl Zeiss Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen von Parametern zur Brillenanpassung |
CN105842875B (zh) * | 2016-06-07 | 2018-07-24 | 杭州美戴科技有限公司 | 一种基于人脸三维测量的眼镜架设计方法 |
CN110268304B (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2021-04-06 | 豪雅镜片泰国有限公司 | 用于设计眼镜镜片的方法,镜片,和用于设计镜片的装置 |
ES2714172T5 (es) * | 2017-01-27 | 2022-09-07 | Zeiss Carl Vision Int Gmbh | Procedimiento y dispositivo, así como programa de ordenador para determinar una representación de un borde de lente de gafas |
GB2559978A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-29 | Fuel 3D Tech Limited | Systems and methods for obtaining eyewear information |
FR3069687B1 (fr) * | 2017-07-25 | 2021-08-06 | Fittingbox | Procede de determination d'au moins un parametre associe a un dispositif ophtalmique |
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US10859859B2 (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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CN110447029B (zh) | 2023-06-16 |
WO2018138258A1 (de) | 2018-08-02 |
CN110447029A (zh) | 2019-11-12 |
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