EP3569932B1 - Procédé de cuisson des denrées alimentaires à basse température - Google Patents

Procédé de cuisson des denrées alimentaires à basse température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3569932B1
EP3569932B1 EP19174892.0A EP19174892A EP3569932B1 EP 3569932 B1 EP3569932 B1 EP 3569932B1 EP 19174892 A EP19174892 A EP 19174892A EP 3569932 B1 EP3569932 B1 EP 3569932B1
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Prior art keywords
cooking
food
temperature
phase
cooked
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EP19174892.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3569932A1 (fr
Inventor
Sabrina Bahe
Stefan Heiss
Wolfgang Schmidberger
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Rational AG
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Rational AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24CDOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/08Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C7/087Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of electric circuits regulating heat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for low-temperature cooking of food.
  • low-temperature cooking is that the finished food is not optimal in terms of food safety. Unlike foods that are seared, boiled or cooked in superheated steam at very high temperatures, low-temperature cooking may not completely kill off any germs. Certain important germs are killed from 49°C, but not all. In addition, a very long holding time is required for sufficient germ inactivation. Therefore, low-temperature cooked foods are not safe for risk groups (e.g. elderly or sick people and children). In addition, foods cooked at low temperatures often only have a short shelf life.
  • the EP 2 537 418 A1 discloses a method for cooking food in a cooking appliance without the cooking chamber temperature having to be very high.
  • the cooking process can be divided into a food temperature control phase and a high-temperature phase.
  • a cooking chamber temperature should not exceed a limit temperature TLIM, which is at most 20° above the final temperature of the food to be cooked.
  • the DE 10 2013 218 785 A1 describes a method of cooking food that takes place at a relatively low temperature of, for example, 55°C to 65°C.
  • a controller can use stored values or algorithms to calculate the required cooking time. After the cooking time has elapsed, the power can be reduced by at least 5% to 25%.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method for low-temperature cooking of food, with which the food can also be cooked in commercial applications (e.g. in restaurants, canteens and large catering establishments) in such a way that it is integrity in terms of food safety , have a longer shelf life and still have a high sensory quality.
  • commercial applications e.g. in restaurants, canteens and large catering establishments
  • the method according to the invention combines two measures in order to obtain a foodstuff during low-temperature cooking that is an integrity from a food-technical point of view.
  • a maximum duration of the cooking phase is specified.
  • the cooking phase is particularly critical with regard to food safety, since the food passes through a critical temperature range during cooking, in which the majority of germ multiplication takes place. According to the invention, it is ensured that the cooking phase does not last longer than can be tolerated, taking food safety requirements into account.
  • a pasteurization phase is provided according to the invention, with which any germs are reduced to such an extent that the food is safe even for risk groups and can be stored for a certain period of time.
  • a longer holding time even at comparatively low temperatures, kills germs.
  • control module calculates a minimum duration of the pasteurization phase. This minimum time may depend on the food being cooked and the core temperature of the finished food.
  • the parameters relevant to the cooking time can in particular be the diameter of the food and/or the size. These are, in particular, those parameters which, with regard to heat conduction, are relevant for when a specified core temperature is reached in the center of a specific food.
  • the possible geometric shapes can be classified into groups, with the detected geometric shape being classified into one of the groups. This reduces the effort involved in calculating the temperature profile of the cooking process.
  • the geometric shape of the food can, for example, be assigned to the groups plate, cylinder or sphere, with the cross-section of the food to be cooked being taken into account here in particular.
  • the different groups can represent a distinction between small, medium and large.
  • the method according to the invention uses a maximum temperature during the cooking phase which is no higher than 90°C.
  • the specified maximum duration is 4 hours. This value is advantageous in terms of food safety and is generally accepted.
  • the food is cooked in a steam atmosphere.
  • this has the advantage that there is a high heat input into the food to be cooked. This allows the cooking phase to be kept as short as possible.
  • a steam atmosphere has the advantage that the food does not dry out during the pasteurization phase.
  • the parameter relevant to the cooking time is determined by means of a camera and an image evaluation module. This prevents operating errors.
  • the parameter relevant to the cooking time is queried using a user interface. This can be done either in addition to recording by means of a camera and image analysis module, for example if an automated assignment is not possible with the desired level of security, or exclusively if the effort for the camera and the image analysis module is to be avoided.
  • a cooking appliance 10 is shown schematically with which the method according to the invention can be carried out. This is a cooking appliance for professional use, especially for restaurants, canteens and large catering establishments.
  • the cooking appliance has a cooking space 12 in which food can be cooked.
  • a food item 14 which is roast beef is shown here as an example.
  • the food can be cooked in a cooking chamber atmosphere, which is characterized in particular by the temperature and the humidity.
  • the cooking appliance 10 has a heating device 16 and a steam generator 18 . These are controlled by a control device 20 .
  • the control device 20 also controls the drive motor 22 of a fan wheel 24 with which the circulation speed of the cooking chamber atmosphere in the cooking chamber 12 can be controlled.
  • the cooking appliance 10 also has a device 26 for detecting at least one parameter of the foodstuff that is relevant to the cooking time. This is a camera.
  • the camera 26 is connected to the control device 20 .
  • a control module 28 is integrated into the control device 20, which can calculate a temperature profile of a cooking process on the basis of the parameter relevant to the cooking time.
  • the cooking appliance 10 also has a user interface 30, for example a touch-sensitive screen, with which an operator can select a cooking process or also directly enter parameters relevant to the cooking time.
  • a user interface 30 for example a touch-sensitive screen, with which an operator can select a cooking process or also directly enter parameters relevant to the cooking time.
  • the control module calculates the temperature profile with which the piece of roast beef 14 should be cooked best.
  • the control module calculates, for example using the formula given above, that at a cooking chamber temperature of 59° C., the desired target core temperature is reached with a cooking phase that ends at time t 1 , the cooking phase lasting 3.5 hours. This duration is below a predetermined maximum duration, which is stored in the control device 20 as 4 hours.
  • a pasteurization phase starts, during which the core temperature remains essentially unchanged, since the cooking chamber temperature is lowered to the target core temperature on average.
  • the pasteurization phase serves to reduce the contamination with any germs that may be present.
  • the duration of the pasteurization phase can be calculated using the P-value method, for example.
  • FIG 3 an exemplary embodiment is shown in which the control module 28 recognizes that when using a cooking chamber temperature which is only slightly above the target core temperature, the cooking phase would exceed the stored maximum duration. This can be due in particular to the fact that the roast beef 14 has too large a diameter. For this reason, a cooking chamber temperature that is 10 °C higher than in in is selected for the cooking phase figure 2 shown embodiment. This ensures that the core temperature of the roast beef 14 has reached the desired value of 57° C. at a point in time t 1 , which is a maximum of 4 hours after the start of the cooking process. The cooking phase is followed by a pasteurization phase, during which the cooking chamber temperature is lowered to 57 °C so that the core temperature no longer increases, or at most only increases insignificantly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de cuisson de produits alimentaires à basse température au moyen des étapes suivantes :
    - le produit alimentaire à cuire est placé dans un espace de cuisson, le produit alimentaire étant détecté et des paramètres pertinents pour le temps de cuisson, en particulier une forme géométrique du produit alimentaire, étant détectés au moyen d'une caméra et d'un module d'évaluation d'image ou étant interrogés au moyen d'une interface utilisateur,
    - un module de commande calcule, sur la base de la forme géométrique, un profil de température d'une procédure de cuisson contenant une phase de cuisson et une phase de pasteurisation, une durée maximum prédéterminée de la phase de cuisson qui est égale à quatre heures au maximum étant respectée, et la température de l'espace de cuisson étant abaissée en moyenne à la température à cœur de consigne,
    - la durée de la phase de cuisson est déterminée à l'aide de la formule suivante : t = a * ln GT T 0 * bx 2
    Figure imgb0004
    a étant un facteur déterminé de manière empirique du temps de cuisson par différence de température et surface, GT étant la température de l'espace de cuisson, T0 étant une température initiale, b étant un facteur déterminé de manière empirique qui est représentatif d'un changement de forme du produit alimentaire à cuire pendant la procédure de cuisson, et x étant une longueur caractéristique du produit alimentaire,
    - le module de commande calcule une durée minimum de la phase de pasteurisation en fonction du produit alimentaire à cuire et de la température à cœur du produit alimentaire dont la cuisson est terminée,
    - le produit alimentaire est cuit selon le profil de température calculé,
    - un utilisateur est informé que la procédure de cuisson est terminée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la forme géométrique détectée est un diamètre et/ou la taille du produit alimentaire.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que des formes géométriques possibles sont classées en groupes et en ce que la forme géométrique détectée est classée dans l'un des groupes.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la température maximum pendant la phase de cuisson n'est pas supérieure à 90°C.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la température maximum pendant la phase de cuisson est choisie de sorte à ne pas dépasser la température à cœur cible de plus de 20°C pour ne pas excéder la durée maximum de la phase de cuisson.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la température maximum pendant la phase de cuisson est choisie de sorte à ne pas dépasser la température à cœur cible de plus de 3°C et en particulier de plus de 2°C lorsqu'avec la durée de la phase de cuisson qui en résulte, la durée maximum prédéterminée de celle-ci n'est pas excédée.
EP19174892.0A 2018-05-16 2019-05-16 Procédé de cuisson des denrées alimentaires à basse température Active EP3569932B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018111789.2A DE102018111789A1 (de) 2018-05-16 2018-05-16 Verfahren zum Niedertemperatur-Garen von Nahrungsmitteln

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EP3569932A1 EP3569932A1 (fr) 2019-11-20
EP3569932B1 true EP3569932B1 (fr) 2022-06-29

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CN111142394B (zh) * 2019-12-25 2021-12-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 烹饪设备的控制方法、装置、设备及计算机可读介质

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CH688396A5 (de) * 1995-01-23 1997-09-15 V Zug Ag Ofen und Verfahren zum Garen von Fleisch.
DE19609116A1 (de) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-18 Eloma Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Garen von Nahrungsmitteln
DE20023400U1 (de) * 1999-01-22 2004-03-04 Frima S.A. Vorrichtung zum Erhitzen oder Kochen von mehreren Nahrungsmitteln
CH702581B1 (de) * 2011-06-21 2019-09-13 V Zug Ag Verfahren zum Garen eines Garguts mittels Dampf.
DE102013218785B4 (de) * 2013-09-19 2018-07-05 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Garen von Lebensmitteln
DE102014110559A1 (de) * 2014-07-25 2016-01-28 Rational Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Gargeräts

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