EP3561398A1 - Radiateur électrique avec résistances de câble immergées dans un matériau inerte - Google Patents

Radiateur électrique avec résistances de câble immergées dans un matériau inerte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3561398A1
EP3561398A1 EP19170416.2A EP19170416A EP3561398A1 EP 3561398 A1 EP3561398 A1 EP 3561398A1 EP 19170416 A EP19170416 A EP 19170416A EP 3561398 A1 EP3561398 A1 EP 3561398A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
electric radiator
heating cable
radiator
radiator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19170416.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3561398B1 (fr
Inventor
Ivan Poser
Maurizio Santin
Andrea Taurian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Radiatori 2000 SpA
Original Assignee
Radiatori 2000 SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Radiatori 2000 SpA filed Critical Radiatori 2000 SpA
Publication of EP3561398A1 publication Critical patent/EP3561398A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3561398B1 publication Critical patent/EP3561398B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/06—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements
    • F24C7/062—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements on stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/008—Details related to central heating radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05358—Assemblies of conduits connected side by side or with individual headers, e.g. section type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/20—Heat consumers
    • F24D2220/2009—Radiators
    • F24D2220/2063—Central heating radiators having heat storage material incorporated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0035—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for domestic or space heating, e.g. heating radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/10—Secondary fins, e.g. projections or recesses on main fins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric heating system (electric radiator) for the transfer and/or accumulation of heat in rooms for domestic, industrial, civil or public use.
  • the radiant system is made by means of aluminium elements, with die-casting or extrusion technology, that contains an electric type heating element. Aluminium elements are hollow and can contain fluid or solid elements.
  • the electric heating resistance is of the heating cable type and is immersed in an agglomerate of inert material injected by casting which solidifies inside the cavities of the die-cast aluminium element.
  • the elements are preferably filled with an inert material deriving from the processing of natural stones, where the heating element is inserted.
  • the aggregate of inert materials isolates the heating element with respect to the external metal parts, transfers heat to the environment, improves the temperature distribution over the whole element, accumulates the heat that can be transferred to the environment even after the power supply stops.
  • the problem of the accumulation and/or transfer of heat to the environment is resolved in different ways depending on the type of heating.
  • the element that transfers the heat to the environment can be of a metal type, or it can be made of stone in the case of dry heating by air convection.
  • the heating bodies containing the stone-made heating elements are made by using die-cast elements.
  • the assembly of the prior art provides that the die-cast heating body is formed by the individual die-cast elements 1 drilled by mechanical processing and preassembled with metal nipples 4.
  • the die-cast elements 1 with the hole 2, and assembled, form a heating body which receives the heating element 3 in the seat obtained by the series of holes.
  • the number of assembled elements depends on the total power to be installed with the heating element 3, in order to guarantee the maximum temperatures required by the product standard EN 60335-2-30.
  • the assembly of Figure 1 provides that the finished product 5 is assembled with a given power, which depends on the size of the stone-made heating element 3 and its power. In order to satisfy different needs and heat requirements inside a home, different types of heating bodies 5 with different dimensions and powers are required with the current art.
  • the heating element 3 is positioned crosswise relative to the direction of the die-cast elements 1 and at a height of 15 cm from the lower part of the radiator. This position involves the inefficiency in the transfer of heat to the environment, since the lower part of the die-cast elements 1, which form the heating body, are only minimally reached by heat. A direct consequence of this inefficient assembly is the poor distribution of heat on the surface of the heating body 5, with cold areas in the lower part 6 and areas that are too hot on the upper part 7.
  • the heating elements 3 are inserted inside the radiator, and as shown in Figure 2 , the surface of the stone element is not in contact with the surface of the radiator.
  • Figure 3 shows the coupling between the stone-made electrical resistance 3 and the die-cast elements 1. It can be seen that the heat transfer between the heating element 3 and the die-cast element 1 occurs not by conduction but by radiation. The transmission of heat to the environment is slow and occurs only after the stone has reached very high temperatures, above 250°C. When the heating elements reach these temperatures, a heat exchange is created on the surface by natural convection with the air, favouring convective upward movements and consequently the remixing of dust in the environment.
  • Said temperatures can lead to the carbonization of dust previously deposited on the heating body 5 or on the stone-made heating element 3.
  • the better thermal distribution of the temperature on the heating bodies also allows to increase the nominal thermal power for the same surface.
  • the present invention provides a heating system obtained by means of aluminium radiating elements, made with die-casting or extrusion technology, which contain an electric type heating element with a heating cable.
  • the heating element used is of the heating cable type, suitable for high temperatures, with external silicone insulation.
  • the heating wire 11 preferably made of Constantan, resistant to high temperatures, or for example copper and nickel, is wound on a fiberglass support or other materials that support high temperatures, or even without a support.
  • a first external silicone sheath 10 wraps the heating wire forming the main insulation.
  • a second silicone sheath 9 forms the secondary electrical insulation of the heating element, and also the material through which the heat from the heating wire is transferred to the outside.
  • the heating cable is inserted inside a thin aluminium extruded tube 8 which has three functions:
  • the aluminium tube 8 has a diameter larger than the cable sheath 9.
  • the difference between the diameters must be at least 0.5 mm. If the diameter of the aluminium tube is too large, the heat exchange between the heating cable, inside the tube, and the tube itself is scarce. It is experimentally noted that the difference between the diameters must be less than 1 mm.
  • the heating assembly 13 is thus obtained with the silicone cable inserted in the aluminium tube and suitably shaped as in Figure 5 so as to be inserted into the cavities of the radiator.
  • the U-shaped shapes 12 are inserted in the cavities 15 of Figure 6 ; the straight sections of Figure 5 are inserted into the manifolds 14 of the radiator of Figure 6 .
  • Each manifold 14 is a hole that allows access to the inside of each cavity 15.
  • the radiator is formed by several elements placed side-by-side and assembled together. Each element has a hole 14 at its lower end which accesses a vertical cavity 15.
  • the heating assembly is suitably shaped before being inserted into the radiator.
  • the cable arrives horizontally and is folded by 90°, vertically, in order to be inserted in the first hole 14 and then in the first cavity 15.
  • the height of the cavity 15 is reached, and folded by 180° to allow it to exit the first cavity 15, and is again folded by 90° to become horizontal, reaching the second cavity 15 (without exiting the hole 14), it is folded again by 90°, vertically, to be able to enter the second cavity 15 and so on until it reaches the last cavity 15.
  • At the exit of the last cavity 15 it is folded by 90° in order to become horizontal once again and return to where it entered. Therefore, for each cavity 15 two heating cables are inserted.
  • the assembly thus obtained, as in Figure 6 has for each cavity of the radiator elements a U-shaped resistance branch. It is clear that heating times and the thermal distribution are greatly improved compared to the traditional art.
  • each cavity 15 is filled by casting with a mixture of marble aggregates and calcium sulphate powder which forms a closed web.
  • the mixture is made in a cold solution by mixing fine powders of calcium carbonate and calcium sulphate, together with water (used as a solvent).
  • the casting 16 is made cold without the use of heat treatments and following a dehydration process, natural or by means of a drying step, a compact web is obtained, a single body which obtains a direct heat exchange between resistance, casting and aluminium element.
  • the aggregate of inert elements 16 isolates the heating assembly with respect to the external metal parts, transfers the heat to the environment, improves the temperature distribution over the whole element, accumulates the heat that can be transferred to the environment even after the power supply stops.
  • the aggregate of inert elements 16 is recyclable because it is made without epoxy resins. At the end of the product's life, the material (agglomerate and immersed resistance) present inside the die-cast body are extracted and subsequently can be separated by the effect of the mechanical compression of a press.
  • a cap is applied on the lower end preferably made of a plastic material which has the purpose of aesthetically completing the product, as well as providing protection for accessing the parts under tension as required by the product standards.
  • the caps close the manifolds 14.
  • the integration between the heating element (which generates heat) and the die-cast radiant element allows a better (faster) heat exchange between the resistance and the environment.
  • the heating assembly formed by a silicone cable and an aluminium dissipator constitutes an innovative solution compared to the current art, as it allows a uniform thermal distribution with respect to the previous solutions and lower temperatures on the resistance. At the same power, on the surface of the radiator that uses this solution the temperatures are 10-15°C lower than the typical art.
  • an aluminium cradle 20 formed by a bar 21 which, near the two ends, has a cross member 22 on which the heating cable can be laid. Further cross members 23 can be arranged on the bar 21, to increase the heat exchange.
  • the cradle 20 on which four cables, i.e. two coils, can be placed. Therefore, inside each cavity 15 four heating cables are provided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)
EP19170416.2A 2018-04-23 2019-04-19 Radiateur électrique avec résistances de câble immergées dans un matériau inerte Active EP3561398B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102017000127783A IT201700127783A1 (it) 2018-04-23 2018-04-23 Radiatore elettrico con resistenze a cavo immerse in materiale inerte

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3561398A1 true EP3561398A1 (fr) 2019-10-30
EP3561398B1 EP3561398B1 (fr) 2020-06-03

Family

ID=62167631

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19170416.2A Active EP3561398B1 (fr) 2018-04-23 2019-04-19 Radiateur électrique avec résistances de câble immergées dans un matériau inerte

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3561398B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2816378T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT201700127783A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3120683A1 (fr) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-16 Roman PIN Radiateur modulaire ajouré et son procédé d’assemblage

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0818660A1 (fr) * 1996-07-08 1998-01-14 Uniconfort Radiateur électrique à accumulation d'énergie, de structure modulaire, et procédé de réalisation associé
DE20113353U1 (de) * 2001-08-21 2001-11-22 Hemstedt Dieter Heizleitung, insbesondere für Steinheizkörper oder Dünnbettheizung, und Heizeinrichtung bzw. Heizmatte mit einer derartigen Heizleitung
FR2816396A1 (fr) * 2000-11-07 2002-05-10 Florence Cassisi Radiateur electrique a accumulation d'energie de structure modulaire et procede de realisation associe
EP1797806A1 (fr) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-20 Calthermic, S.L. Chauffeur de serviette et grille de séchage
EP2354725A1 (fr) * 2010-01-26 2011-08-10 Underleaf S.r.l. Système pour éléments de transfert thermique radiant et accumulation de chaleur obtenue au moyen de matériau inerte recyclable

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0818660A1 (fr) * 1996-07-08 1998-01-14 Uniconfort Radiateur électrique à accumulation d'énergie, de structure modulaire, et procédé de réalisation associé
FR2816396A1 (fr) * 2000-11-07 2002-05-10 Florence Cassisi Radiateur electrique a accumulation d'energie de structure modulaire et procede de realisation associe
DE20113353U1 (de) * 2001-08-21 2001-11-22 Hemstedt Dieter Heizleitung, insbesondere für Steinheizkörper oder Dünnbettheizung, und Heizeinrichtung bzw. Heizmatte mit einer derartigen Heizleitung
EP1797806A1 (fr) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-20 Calthermic, S.L. Chauffeur de serviette et grille de séchage
EP2354725A1 (fr) * 2010-01-26 2011-08-10 Underleaf S.r.l. Système pour éléments de transfert thermique radiant et accumulation de chaleur obtenue au moyen de matériau inerte recyclable

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3120683A1 (fr) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-16 Roman PIN Radiateur modulaire ajouré et son procédé d’assemblage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3561398B1 (fr) 2020-06-03
IT201700127783A1 (it) 2019-10-23
ES2816378T3 (es) 2021-04-05

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