EP3559301A1 - Nozzle construction for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or a precursor solution - Google Patents

Nozzle construction for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or a precursor solution

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Publication number
EP3559301A1
EP3559301A1 EP17826490.9A EP17826490A EP3559301A1 EP 3559301 A1 EP3559301 A1 EP 3559301A1 EP 17826490 A EP17826490 A EP 17826490A EP 3559301 A1 EP3559301 A1 EP 3559301A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flange
suspension
nozzle
holder
nozzle assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17826490.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3559301B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Langner
Richard TRACHE
Filofteia-Laura TOMA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Publication of EP3559301A1 publication Critical patent/EP3559301A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3559301B1 publication Critical patent/EP3559301B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/20—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion
    • B05B7/201—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle
    • B05B7/205—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle the material to be sprayed being originally a particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
    • B05B7/1486—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material for spraying particulate material in dry state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/226—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material being originally a particulate material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying

Definitions

  • Nozzle assembly for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or a
  • the invention relates to a nozzle assembly for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or precursor solution.
  • the suspension in which particles are contained and with which a layer can be formed on a substrate, fed into a burner chamber or in the exiting flame / plasma jet.
  • the suspension is formed with a liquid and particles.
  • the particles used may be metallic and / or ceramic particles whose average particle size d 50 can be in the range of nanoscopic submicrometer to 5 ⁇ m.
  • a precursor solution can be injected.
  • the particles may be heated and accelerated with a high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) gas or liquid fuel by oxidation of the fuel.
  • HVOF high velocity oxy fuel
  • the liquid with which the suspension has been formed is either steams, pyrolyzed or oxidized.
  • the suspension In the atmospheric plasma spraying process (APS), the suspension is fed into the plasma torch. There, the evaporation of the suspension liquid and heating of the resulting particles takes place.
  • APS atmospheric plasma spraying process
  • the axial direction with which the suspension ray emerges from the nozzle bore can also change successively or continuously, so that a "dancing" jet enters the burner chamber or a plasma torch.
  • the nozzle bores are made by drilling during machining or by erosion.
  • erosion is particularly preferred for small inner diameters.
  • the desired and required dimensional accuracy of the inner diameter and the homogeneous cylindrical shape can not be maintained.
  • Particular problems occur in the area of the inlet and outlet openings of nozzle bores. It can form a ridge.
  • Deposits within the nozzle bore can be eliminated, if at all, only with great difficulty.
  • the nozzle insert has a flange-shaped widening with a tubular element arranged in the direction of the burner chamber or perpendicularly to the HVOF flame / plasma torch and an end face arranged opposite to the burner chamber, which flange rests against a seat formed in the holder when installed and thereby
  • the contours of the flange-shaped expansion and the seat complementary are formed to each other, so that the surfaces of the flange-shaped widening and the seat are in direct contact with each other, so that in this area an end stop and a seal are formed.
  • a precursor solution can be used, for example, inorganic salts or organometallic compounds dissolved in water or in organic solvents such as ethanol, isopropanol or butanol.
  • the nozzle insert can, in particular after loosening the suspension feed, which may be a conduit or a hose, be inserted from the terminal into the holder through a corresponding opening and then the flange-shaped widening can be pushed up to the seat. After connecting the suspension feed, the nozzle assembly can be used as intended. It is obvious that a nozzle insert can be replaced with a new or different nozzle insert. An exchange may be due to wear but also be carried out when the feed conditions of the suspension to be changed. In this case, a new or different nozzle insert may have a changed inner diameter of the tubular element and / or an altered length of the tubular element.
  • the suspension feed which may be a conduit or a hose
  • the flange-shaped expansion is in each case the same geometrically designed and dimensioned at the nozzle inserts.
  • the tubular element and the flange-shaped widening should advantageously be two individual parts which are connected to each other in a force, shape and / or material fit.
  • the connection can be made for example by gluing, soldering, welding and / or a press fit.
  • Tubular elements can be cut to the desired length parts of a tubular semi-finished product. Such semi-finished products can be produced cost-effectively with known production methods.
  • the flange-shaped expansion can advantageously be formed from or with a polymer and the tubular element made of metal, preferably made of passivated stainless steel.
  • a flange-shaped expansion can be completely off be formed a polymer.
  • the production of such a nozzle insert as a composite metal - polymer can be easily achieved by the flange-shaped expansion can be molded simply by plastic injection molding to a tubular member.
  • a conical region may be present on the flange-shaped widening, which preferably rests against the seat of the holder in the installed state.
  • a cylindrical portion formed in the interior of the holder and in the region of the seat can fulfill a guiding function for the nozzle insert if its dimensioning and geometric configuration are adapted to the outer contour of the flange-shaped expansion outside of a conically formed area.
  • the tubular element should have a maximum inner diameter of 0.8 mm, preferably 0.25 mm.
  • the holder can be cooled, can be formed in the holder or between the holder and nozzle insert channels through which a fluid (gaseous or liquid) can flow through for cooling.
  • annular element may be present, in which a bore is formed, through which the tubular element can be passed.
  • the inner diameter of this bore should be adapted to the outer diameter of the tubular element, so that the annular element can fulfill the function of guiding and radial fixation for the tubular element.
  • the annular element should therefore consist of a material with poor thermal conductivity.
  • Burners from different manufacturers and used for different feasible methods of thermal spraying.
  • nozzle insert which relates in particular to the inner diameter of the tubular element and its length
  • different feeding conditions can be taken into account in the process of thermal spraying as required.
  • the suspension can be heated in the form of very small droplets (spray form) and the liquid evaporated or oxidized and the particles heated and then accelerated in the direction of the surface of the substrate to be coated.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional illustration through an example of a nozzle construction according to the invention.
  • a suspension feed 4 of which only a small part is indicated in FIG. 1, is fastened to a connection 1.
  • the connection 1 may be a conventional connection with a union nut.
  • the terminal 1 is provided on a holder 2, which is hollow in its interior. After disconnecting the connection port 1 and 4 suspension feed, a nozzle insert 3 can be introduced from the open side of the holder 2 in the region of the terminal 1 and to a seat which is formed in the interior of the holder 2 introduced.
  • the nozzle insert 3 is a flange-shaped element 3.1 on the front side pointing in the direction of the holder interior
  • Expansion 3.2 is formed formed.
  • the end face of the flange-shaped widening 3.2 pointing in the direction of the outlet opening is conical.
  • the seat in the holder 2 has a correspondingly complementary conical area. At least there, the surfaces of the seat and the flange-shaped expansion lie flat against each other.
  • An adjoining thereto in the direction of connection 1 area can as a hollow cylinder in the holder 2 and as the outer surface of a cylinder on the flange
  • Expansion 3.2 of the nozzle insert 3 may be formed and form a corresponding longitudinal guide for the nozzle insert 3 in the holder 2.
  • the tubular element 3.1 in this example has a length of 9 mm, an inner diameter of 0.25 mm and an outer diameter of
  • the flange widening 3.2 On one of its end faces, the flange widening 3.2 has been formed by means of plastic injection molding in a manner known per se, where it is at least frictionally and / or materially connected to the tubular element 3.1.
  • the flange-shaped widening 3.2 can be formed with virtually any polymer that can be processed by plastic injection molding.
  • the tubular element 3.1 exists in the direction of a burner chamber (not shown) or in the direction of a substrate to be coated by thermal spraying.
  • the casing 5 may be part of the holder 2 or attached as a separate element on the holder 2, for example by means of a screw connection.
  • the casing 5 can in particular fulfill a protective function for the tubular element 3.1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the nozzle construction for thermal spraying by means of a suspension, in which particles are contained, or a precursor solution, by means of which particles or precursor solution a layer is formed on a substrate, and which suspension or precursor solution is fed into a burner chamber or into a plasma torch, in which heating and acceleration of the particles is achieved, wherein a connection point for feeding the suspension or the precursor solution, a holder, and a nozzle insert are present. The nozzle insert has, with a tubular element arranged in the direction of the burner chamber or perpendicularly in HVOF flame or plasma torch and with an end face arranged opposite the burner chamber, a flange-shaped expanded section, which lies against a seat formed in the holder in the installed state. The contours of the flange-shaped expanded section and of the seat are complementary to each other such that the surfaces of the flange-shaped expanded section and of the seat are in direct contact with each other and an end stop and a seal are formed in this region.

Description

Düsenaufbau für das thermische Spritzen mittels einer Suspension oder einer Nozzle assembly for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or a
Präcursorlösung Präcursorlösung
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Düsenaufbau für das thermische Spritzen mittels einer Suspension oder einer Präcursorlösung. Dabei wird die Suspension, in der Partikel enthalten sind und mit denen auf einem Substrat eine Schicht ausgebildet werden kann, in eine Brennerkammer oder in den austretenden Flamm/Plasmastrahl zugeführt. Die Suspension ist mit einer Flüssigkeit und Partikeln gebildet. Als Partikel können metallische und/oder keramische Partikel eingesetzt werden, deren mittlere Partikelgröße d50 im Bereich na- no/submikrometer bis 5.μιη liegen kann. Anstatt einer Suspension kann eine Präcursorlösung injiziert werden. The invention relates to a nozzle assembly for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or precursor solution. In this case, the suspension, in which particles are contained and with which a layer can be formed on a substrate, fed into a burner chamber or in the exiting flame / plasma jet. The suspension is formed with a liquid and particles. The particles used may be metallic and / or ceramic particles whose average particle size d 50 can be in the range of nanoscopic submicrometer to 5 μm. Instead of a suspension, a precursor solution can be injected.
In der Brennerkammerkönnen die Partikel mit einem gasförmigen oder flüssigen Brennstoff nach dem so genannten High Velocity Oxy Fuel Verfahren (HVOF) durch Oxidation des Brennstoffs erwärmt und beschleunigt werden. Die Flüssigkeit, mit der Suspension gebildet worden ist, wird entweder ver- dampft, pyrolisiert oder oxidiert. In the burner chamber, the particles may be heated and accelerated with a high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) gas or liquid fuel by oxidation of the fuel. The liquid with which the suspension has been formed is either steams, pyrolyzed or oxidized.
Beim atmosphärischen Plasmaspritzen Verfahren (APS) wird die Suspension in die Plasma-Fackel zugeführt. Dort erfolgt die Verdampfung der Suspensionsflüssigkeit und Erwärmung der resultierenden Partikel. In the atmospheric plasma spraying process (APS), the suspension is fed into the plasma torch. There, the evaporation of the suspension liquid and heating of the resulting particles takes place.
Für die Zufuhr der Suspension werden Düsen eingesetzt, die insbesondere bei kleinen Innendurchmessern unterhalb 500 μιη Probleme bereiten. So kann keine geeignete und insbesondere als Vollstrahl ausgebildete Strahlform eines aus einer Düsenöffnung austretenden Suspensionsstrahls erreicht werden, die auch dauerhaft eingehalten werden kann. Dadurch kann es zu Ablösungen einzelner Tröpfchen, zu einem Zerfall des Strahls kommen. For the supply of the suspension nozzles are used, which cause problems especially with small inner diameters below 500 μιη. Thus, no suitable and in particular designed as a full jet beam shape of a jet emerging from a nozzle orifice suspension beam can be achieved, which can be maintained permanently. This can lead to detachment of individual droplets, to a decay of the beam.
Infolge der Art und Weise der Herstellung von Düsenbohrungen durch die die Suspension strömt treten Winkelabweichungen von der gewünschten vorgegebenen Achsrichtung der Strahlbewegungsrichtung auf. Die Achsrichtung mit der der Suspenssionsstrahl aus der Düsenbohrung austritt kann sich auch sukzessive oder stetig ändern, so dass ein„tanzender" Strahl in die Brennerkammer oder in eine Plasma-Fackel gelangt. As a result of the manner of producing nozzle bores through which the suspension flows, angular deviations from the desired predetermined axial direction of the jet movement direction occur. The axial direction with which the suspension ray emerges from the nozzle bore can also change successively or continuously, so that a "dancing" jet enters the burner chamber or a plasma torch.
Es kann auch zu einer Reduzierung des Volumenstromes und/oder einer Erhöhung der Geschwindigkeit mit der die Suspension durch die Düsenbohrung strömt und aus dieser Austritt kommen, wenn sich beispielsweise Verunreinigungen in der Düsenbohrung abgesetzt haben oder dort ein Grat ausgebildet worden ist. It may also be to reduce the flow rate and / or increase the speed at which the suspension flows through the nozzle bore and come out of this outlet, for example, if impurities have settled in the nozzle bore or a burr has been formed there.
Diese Nachteile treten im Wesentlichen herstellungsbedingt auf. Üblicherweise werden die Düsenbohrungen durch Bohren während einer spanenden Bearbeitung oder durch Erodieren hergestellt. Dabei ist das Erodieren insbesondere bei kleinen Innendurchmessern bevorzugt. In jedem Fall kann jedoch nicht die gewünschte und erforderliche Maßhaltigkeit beim Innendurchmesser und der homogenen Zylinderform eingehalten werden. Besondere Probleme treten dabei im Bereich der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung von Düsenbohrungen auf. Es kann sich ein Grat bilden. These disadvantages occur mainly due to manufacturing. Typically, the nozzle bores are made by drilling during machining or by erosion. In this case, erosion is particularly preferred for small inner diameters. In any case, however, the desired and required dimensional accuracy of the inner diameter and the homogeneous cylindrical shape can not be maintained. Particular problems occur in the area of the inlet and outlet openings of nozzle bores. It can form a ridge.
Besonders nachteilig sind die relativ hohen Kosten für die Fertigung, die bei den üblichen und gewünschten kleinen Innendurchmessern und einem großen Aspektverhältnis (Verhältnis Länge zu Innendurchmesser) erforderlich sind. Particularly disadvantageous are the relatively high production costs associated with the usual and desired small inner diameters and a large aspect ratio (ratio length to inner diameter) are required.
Ablagerungen innerhalb der Düsenbohrung können wenn überhaupt nur sehr aufwändig beseitigt werden. Deposits within the nozzle bore can be eliminated, if at all, only with great difficulty.
Fehler bei der Strahlausbildung beeinflussen das Ergebnis von durch thermisches Spritzen hergestellten Beschichtungen negativ. Errors in jet formation adversely affect the result of coatings made by thermal spraying.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung Möglichkeiten für die Zuführung einer Suspension beim thermischen Spritzen anzugeben, mit denen die Qualität verbessert und gleichzeitig die Kosten reduziert sowie die Flexibilität erhöht werden können. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide possibilities for the supply of a suspension in thermal spraying, which improves the quality and at the same time reduces costs and flexibility can be increased.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe mit einem Düsenaufbau, der die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 aufweist, gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung können mit in untergeordneten Ansprüchen bezeichneten Merkmalen realisiert werden. According to the invention, this object is achieved with a nozzle structure having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be realized with features described in the subordinate claims.
Der erfindungsgemäße Düsenaufbau für das thermische Spritzen mittels einer Suspension, in der Partikel enthalten sind, oder einer Präkursorlösung mit denen/der auf einem Substrat eine Schicht ausgebildet wird, und die Suspension in eine Brennerkammer, in eine HVOF-Flame oder in eine Plasma-Fackel in der eine Erwärmung und Beschleunigung der Partikel erreicht wird, zugeführt wird, ist mit einem Anschluss für eine Zuführung für die Suspension oder die Präkursorlösung, einem Halter und einem Düseneinsatz gebildet. Nachfolgend soll die Zuführung durchgängig als Suspensionszuführung bezeichnet werden. The nozzle assembly according to the invention for thermal spraying by means of a suspension in which particles are contained, or a precursor solution with which / on a substrate a layer is formed, and the suspension in a burner chamber, in a HVOF flame or in a plasma torch in which heating and acceleration of the particles is achieved, is formed with a port for supplying the suspension or the precursor solution, a holder and a nozzle insert. Subsequently, the feed should be referred to continuously as suspension feed.
Der Düseneinsatz weist mit einem in Richtung Brennerkammer oder senkrecht zur HVOF-Flame / Plasma-Fackel angeordneten rohrförmigen Element und einer an der der Brennerkammer gegenüberliegend angeordneten Stirnseite eine flanschförmige Aufweitung auf, die im eingebauten Zustand an einem im Halter ausgebildeten Sitz anliegt und dabei The nozzle insert has a flange-shaped widening with a tubular element arranged in the direction of the burner chamber or perpendicularly to the HVOF flame / plasma torch and an end face arranged opposite to the burner chamber, which flange rests against a seat formed in the holder when installed and thereby
die Konturen der flanschförmigen Aufweitung und des Sitzes komplementär zueinander ausgebildet sind, so dass die Oberflächen der flanschförmigen Aufweitung und des Sitzes in unmittelbarem Kontakt miteinander stehen, so dass in diesem Bereich ein Endanschlag und eine Abdichtung ausgebildet sind. Als Präkursorlösung kann man beispielsweise anorganische Salze oder Metallorganische Verbindungen gelöst in Wasser oder in organischen Lösungsmitteln wie z.B. Ethanol, Isopropanol oder Butanol einsetzen. the contours of the flange-shaped expansion and the seat complementary are formed to each other, so that the surfaces of the flange-shaped widening and the seat are in direct contact with each other, so that in this area an end stop and a seal are formed. As a precursor solution can be used, for example, inorganic salts or organometallic compounds dissolved in water or in organic solvents such as ethanol, isopropanol or butanol.
Der Düseneinsatz kann, insbesondere nach Lösen der Suspensionszuführung, die eine Leitung oder ein Schlauch sein kann, vom Anschluss in den Halter durch eine entsprechende Öffnung eingesetzt werden und dann die flanschförmige Aufweitung bis an den Sitz heran geschoben werden. Nach dem Anschluss der Suspensionszuführung kann der Düsenaufbau bestimmungsgemäß eingesetzt werden. Es liegt dabei auf der Hand, dass ein Düseneinsatz gegen einen neuen bzw. anderen Düseneinsatz ausgetauscht werden kann. Ein Austausch kann verschleißbedingt aber auch dann durchgeführt werden, wenn die Zuführungsbedingungen der Suspension verändert werden sollen. Dabei kann ein neuer bzw. anderer Düseneinsatz einen veränderten Innendurchmesser des rohrförmigen Elements und/oder eine veränderte Länge des rohr- förmigen Elements aufweisen. The nozzle insert can, in particular after loosening the suspension feed, which may be a conduit or a hose, be inserted from the terminal into the holder through a corresponding opening and then the flange-shaped widening can be pushed up to the seat. After connecting the suspension feed, the nozzle assembly can be used as intended. It is obvious that a nozzle insert can be replaced with a new or different nozzle insert. An exchange may be due to wear but also be carried out when the feed conditions of the suspension to be changed. In this case, a new or different nozzle insert may have a changed inner diameter of the tubular element and / or an altered length of the tubular element.
Die flanschförmige Aufweitung ist dabei an den Düseneinsätzen jeweils gleich geometrisch gestaltet und dimensioniert. Das rohrförmige Element und die flanschförmige Aufweitung sollten vorteilhaft zwei einzelne Teile sein, die kraft-, form- und/oder stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind. Die Verbindung kann dabei beispielsweise durch Kleben, Löten, Schweißen und/oder eine Presspassung hergestellt worden sein. Rohrförmige Elemente können auf die gewünschte Länge geschnittene Teile eines rohrförmigen Halbzeuges sein. Solche Halbzeuge lassen sich kostengünstig mit an sich bekannten Herstellungsverfahren herstellen. The flange-shaped expansion is in each case the same geometrically designed and dimensioned at the nozzle inserts. The tubular element and the flange-shaped widening should advantageously be two individual parts which are connected to each other in a force, shape and / or material fit. The connection can be made for example by gluing, soldering, welding and / or a press fit. Tubular elements can be cut to the desired length parts of a tubular semi-finished product. Such semi-finished products can be produced cost-effectively with known production methods.
Die flanschförmige Aufweitung kann vorteilhaft aus oder mit einem Polymer und das rohrförmige Element aus Metall, bevorzugt aus passiviertem Edelstahl gebildet sein. Eine flanschförmige Aufweitung kann dabei vollständig aus einem Polymer gebildet sein. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, dass lediglich eine mit einem Polymer gebildete Beschichtung im Bereich der flansch- förmige Aufweitung vorhanden ist oder ein Verbundmaterial mit einem Polymer dafür eingesetzt wird. Durch die Eigenschaften des Polymers kann die Abdichtung verbessert werden. Außerdem kann die Herstellung eines so ausgebildeten Düseneinsatzes als Verbund Metall - Polymer einfach erreicht werden, indem die flanschförmige Aufweitung einfach durch Kunststoffspritzgießen an ein rohrförmiges Element angespritzt werden kann. Vorteilhaft kann an der flanschförmigen Aufweitung ein konischer Bereich vorhanden sein, der bevorzugt im eingebauten Zustand am Sitz des Halters anliegt. Ein zylinderförmiger Bereich, der im Inneren des Halters und im Bereich des Sitzes ausgebildet ist, kann eine Führungsfunktion für den Düseneinsatz erfüllen, wenn dessen Dimensionierung und geometrische Gestaltung an die Außenkontur der flanschförmigen Aufweitung außerhalb eines konisch ausgebildeten Bereichs angepasst ist. The flange-shaped expansion can advantageously be formed from or with a polymer and the tubular element made of metal, preferably made of passivated stainless steel. A flange-shaped expansion can be completely off be formed a polymer. However, there is also the possibility that only a coating formed with a polymer is present in the area of the flange-shaped expansion or a composite material with a polymer is used for this purpose. Due to the properties of the polymer, the seal can be improved. In addition, the production of such a nozzle insert as a composite metal - polymer can be easily achieved by the flange-shaped expansion can be molded simply by plastic injection molding to a tubular member. Advantageously, a conical region may be present on the flange-shaped widening, which preferably rests against the seat of the holder in the installed state. A cylindrical portion formed in the interior of the holder and in the region of the seat can fulfill a guiding function for the nozzle insert if its dimensioning and geometric configuration are adapted to the outer contour of the flange-shaped expansion outside of a conically formed area.
Das rohrförmige Element sollte einen maximalen Innendurchmesser von 0,8 mm, bevorzugt von 0,25 mm aufweisen. The tubular element should have a maximum inner diameter of 0.8 mm, preferably 0.25 mm.
Günstig ist es auch, wenn der Halter gekühlt werden kann, dazu können im Halter bzw. zwischen Halter und Düseneinsatz Kanäle ausgebildet sein, durch die ein Fluid (gasförmig oder flüssigförmig) zum Kühlen hindurch strömen kann. It is also favorable, if the holder can be cooled, can be formed in the holder or between the holder and nozzle insert channels through which a fluid (gaseous or liquid) can flow through for cooling.
Zwischen der Innenwand des Halters und der Außenwand des rohrförmigen Elements kann ein radial umlaufender Spalt vorhanden sein, mit dem eine thermische Isolationswirkung erreicht werden kann. In diesem Bereich kann ein ringförmiges Element vorhanden sein, in dem eine Bohrung ausgebildet ist, durch die das rohrförmige Element hindurchgeführt werden kann. Dabei sollte der Innendurchmesser dieser Bohrung an den Außendurchmesser des rohrförmigen Elements angepasst sein, so dass das ringförmige Element die Funktion der Führung und radialen Fixierung für das rohrförmige Element erfüllen kann. Das ringförmige Element sollte dazu aus einem Material mit schlechter thermischer Leitfähigkeit bestehen. Mit der Erfindung können für die Düseneinsätze Stückpreise erreicht werden, die unterhalb eines 1€ liegen. Der Austausch gegen einen anderen bzw. einen verschlissenen Düseneinsatz ist einfach und in kurzer Zeit möglich. Insbesondere die rohrförmigen Elemente können mit hoher und konstanter Maßhal- tigkeit zur Verfügung gestellt werden, so dass eine jeweils gewünschte geometrische Gestaltung und Dimensionierung eingehalten werden kann. Between the inner wall of the holder and the outer wall of the tubular element may be present a radially circumferential gap with which a thermal insulation effect can be achieved. In this area, an annular element may be present, in which a bore is formed, through which the tubular element can be passed. In this case, the inner diameter of this bore should be adapted to the outer diameter of the tubular element, so that the annular element can fulfill the function of guiding and radial fixation for the tubular element. The annular element should therefore consist of a material with poor thermal conductivity. With the invention, unit prices can be achieved for the nozzle inserts, which are below a € 1. The replacement for another or a worn nozzle insert is easy and possible in a short time. In particular, the tubular elements can be made available with high and constant dimensional accuracy, so that a respective desired geometric design and dimensioning can be maintained.
Dadurch kann eine sehr gute reproduzierbare und sichere Zuführung einer Suspension in den Prozess des thermischen Spritzens erreicht werden. Ledig- lieh durch entsprechende Gestaltung von Haltern können Düseneinsätze anThis allows a very good reproducible and safe supply of a suspension can be achieved in the process of thermal spraying. Only borrowed by appropriate design of holders can nozzle inserts
Brennern (Spritzpistolen) verschiedener Hersteller und für unterschiedlich durchführbare Verfahren des thermischen Spritzens eingesetzt werden. Burners (spray guns) from different manufacturers and used for different feasible methods of thermal spraying.
Durch geeignete Auswahl eines Düseneinsatzes, was insbesondere den Innen- durchmesser des rohrförmigen Elements und sein Länge betrifft können je nach Bedarf verschiedene Zuführungsbedingungen in den Prozess des thermischen Spritzens berücksichtigt werden. By suitable selection of a nozzle insert, which relates in particular to the inner diameter of the tubular element and its length, different feeding conditions can be taken into account in the process of thermal spraying as required.
Es ist auch eine Integration der Zuführung eines Gases zum Zerstäuben der Suspension möglich. Dadurch kann die Suspension nach dem Austritt aus dem rohrförmigen Element in Form sehr kleiner Tröpfchen (Sprayform) erwärmt und dabei die Flüssigkeit verdampft bzw. oxidiert und die Partikel erwärmt und dann in Richtung der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche des Substrates beschleunigt werden. It is also possible to integrate the supply of a gas for atomizing the suspension. As a result, after leaving the tubular element, the suspension can be heated in the form of very small droplets (spray form) and the liquid evaporated or oxidized and the particles heated and then accelerated in the direction of the surface of the substrate to be coated.
Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung anhand eines Beispiels näher erläutert werden. Dabei zeigt: Figur 1 eine Schnittdarstellung durch ein Beispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Düsenaufbaus. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an example. 1 shows a sectional illustration through an example of a nozzle construction according to the invention.
Dabei ist eine Suspensionszuführung 4, von der in Figur 1 nur ein kleiner Teil angedeutet ist, an einem Anschluss 1 befestigt. Der Anschluss 1 kann eine herkömmliche Verbindung mit einer Überwurfmutter sein. Der Anschluss 1 ist an einem Halter 2 vorhanden, der in seinem Inneren hohl ist. Nach dem Trennen der Verbindung Anschluss 1 und Suspensionszuführung 4 kann ein Düseneinsatz 3 von der im Bereich des Anschlusses 1 offenen Seite des Halters 2 eingeführt und bis an einen Sitz, der im Inneren des Halters 2 ausgebildet ist, eingeführt werden. In this case, a suspension feed 4, of which only a small part is indicated in FIG. 1, is fastened to a connection 1. The connection 1 may be a conventional connection with a union nut. The terminal 1 is provided on a holder 2, which is hollow in its interior. After disconnecting the connection port 1 and 4 suspension feed, a nozzle insert 3 can be introduced from the open side of the holder 2 in the region of the terminal 1 and to a seat which is formed in the interior of the holder 2 introduced.
Der Düseneinsatz 3 ist mit einem rohrförmigen Element 3.1 an dem an der in Richtung des Halterinneren weisenden Stirnseite eine flanschförmige The nozzle insert 3 is a flange-shaped element 3.1 on the front side pointing in the direction of the holder interior
Aufweitung 3.2 ausgebildet ist, gebildet. Die in Richtung Austrittsöffnung wei- sende Stirnfläche der flanschförmigen Aufweitung 3.2 ist konisch ausgebildet.Expansion 3.2 is formed formed. The end face of the flange-shaped widening 3.2 pointing in the direction of the outlet opening is conical.
Der Sitz im Halter 2 weist einen entsprechend komplementär konisch ausgebildeten Bereich auf. Zumindest dort liegen die Oberflächen des Sitzes und der flanschförmigen Aufweitung flächig unmittelbar aneinander. Ein sich daran in Richtung Anschluss 1 anschließender Bereich kann als Hohlzylinder im Halter 2 und als äußere Mantelfläche eines Zylinders an der flanschförmigenThe seat in the holder 2 has a correspondingly complementary conical area. At least there, the surfaces of the seat and the flange-shaped expansion lie flat against each other. An adjoining thereto in the direction of connection 1 area can as a hollow cylinder in the holder 2 and as the outer surface of a cylinder on the flange
Aufweitung 3.2 des Düseneinsatzes 3 ausgebildet sein und eine entsprechende Längsführung für den Düseneinsatz 3 im Halter 2 bilden. Expansion 3.2 of the nozzle insert 3 may be formed and form a corresponding longitudinal guide for the nozzle insert 3 in the holder 2.
Das rohrförmige Element 3.1 hat bei diesem Beispiel eine Länge von 9 mm, einen inneren Durchmesser von 0,25 mm und einen Außendurchmesser vonThe tubular element 3.1 in this example has a length of 9 mm, an inner diameter of 0.25 mm and an outer diameter of
0,52 mm. Es wurde durch ein Trennverfahren auf die gewünschte Länge aus einem rohrförmigen Halbzeug aus Edelstahl erhalten. 0.52 mm. It was obtained by a separation process to the desired length from a tubular stainless steel semifinished product.
An einer seiner Stirnseiten wurde die flanschförmige Aufweitung 3.2 mittels Kunststoff Spritzgießen in an sich bekannter Art und Weise ausgebildet und dort dabei mit dem rohrförmigen Element 3.1 zumindest kraft- und/oder stoffschlüssig verbunden. Die flanschförmige Aufweitung 3.2 kann mit einem nahezu beliebigen durch Kunststoffspritzgießen verarbeitbaren Polymer gebildet werden. On one of its end faces, the flange widening 3.2 has been formed by means of plastic injection molding in a manner known per se, where it is at least frictionally and / or materially connected to the tubular element 3.1. The flange-shaped widening 3.2 can be formed with virtually any polymer that can be processed by plastic injection molding.
Bei dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Beispiel ist an der Stirnseite des Halters 2 eine zusätzliche innen hohle Umkleidung 5, durch die das rohrförmige Element 3.1 in Richtung einer nicht dargestellten Brennerkammer bzw. in Richtung eines mittels thermischen Spritzens zu beschichtenden Substrat vorhanden. Die Umkleidung 5 kann Bestandteil des Halters 2 oder als gesondertes Element am Halter 2, beispielsweise mittels einer Schraubverbindung befestigt sein. Die Umkleidung 5 kann insbesondere eine Schutzfunktion für das rohrförmige Element 3.1 erfüllen. In the example shown in FIG. 1, on the front side of the holder 2 there is an additional inside sheath 5, through which the tubular element 3.1 exists in the direction of a burner chamber (not shown) or in the direction of a substrate to be coated by thermal spraying. The casing 5 may be part of the holder 2 or attached as a separate element on the holder 2, for example by means of a screw connection. The casing 5 can in particular fulfill a protective function for the tubular element 3.1.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Düsenaufbau für das thermische Spritzen mittels einer Suspension, in der Partikel enthalten sind oder eine Präkursor-Lösung, mit denen/der auf einem Substrat eine Schicht ausgebildet wird, und die in eine Brennerkammer oder in eine Plasma-Fackel, in der eine Erwärmung und Beschleunigung der Partikel erreicht wird, zugeführt wird, wobei der Düsenaufbau mit einem Anschluss (1) für eine Zuführung (4) für die Suspension oder die Präkursorlösung, einem Halter A nozzle assembly for thermal spraying by means of a suspension in which particles are contained or a precursor solution with which a layer is formed on a substrate, and which in a burner chamber or in a plasma torch, in which a heating and acceleration the nozzle assembly is reached, wherein the nozzle assembly with a connection (1) for a supply (4) for the suspension or the precursor solution, a holder
(2) und einem Düseneinsatz (3) gebildet ist, und (2) and a nozzle insert (3) is formed, and
der Düseneinsatz the nozzle insert
(3) mit einem in Richtung Brennerkammer oder senkrecht in HVOF-Flame oder Plasma-Fackel angeordneten rohrför- migen Element (3.1) und einer an der der Brennerkammer gegenüberliegend angeordneten Stirnseite eine flanschförmige Aufweitung (3.2) aufweist, die im eingebauten Zustand an einem im Halter (2) ausgebildeten Sitz anliegt und dabei (3) with a tubular element (3.1) arranged in the direction of the burner chamber or vertically in the HVOF flame or plasma torch and an end face arranged opposite to the burner chamber, having a flange-shaped widening (3.2) which, when installed, adjoins a Holder (2) trained seat is present and
die Konturen der flanschförmigen Aufweitung (3.2) und des Sitzes komplementär zueinander ausgebildet sind, so dass die Oberflächen der flanschförmigen Aufweitung (3.2) und des Sitzes in unmittelbarem Kontakt miteinander stehen, so dass in diesem Bereich ein Endanschlag und eine Abdichtung ausgebildet sind. the contours of the flange-shaped widening (3.2) and the seat are formed complementary to each other, so that the surfaces of the flange-shaped widening (3.2) and the seat are in direct contact with each other, so that in this area an end stop and a seal are formed.
Düsenaufbau nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die flanschförmige Aufweitung (3.2) aus oder mit einem Polymer und das rohrförmige Element (3.1) aus Metall, bevorzugt aus passiviertem korrosionsbeständigen Edelstahl gebildet ist. Nozzle assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange-shaped widening (3.2) is formed from or with a polymer and the tubular element (3.1) is made of metal, preferably of passivated corrosion-resistant stainless steel.
Düsenaufbau nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das rohrförmige Element (3.1) und die flanschförmige Aufweitung (3.2) form- kraft- und/oder stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind. Nozzle assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubular element (3.1) and the flange-shaped widening (3.2) are connected with each other in a positive-locking and / or material-locking manner.
4. Düsenaufbau nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am an der flanschförmigen Aufweitung (3.2) ein konischer Bereich vorhanden ist. 4. nozzle assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the flange-shaped widening (3.2) has a conical region is present.
5. Düsenaufbau nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Düseneinsatz (3) austauschbar im Halter (2) befestigt ist. 5. Nozzle assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle insert (3) is replaceably mounted in the holder (2).
6. Düsenaufbau nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Düseneinsätze (3) mit unterschiedlicher Länge des rohrförmigen Elements (3.1) und/oder mit unterschiedlichen Innendurchmessern im Halter (2) befestigbar sind. 6. nozzle assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that nozzle inserts (3) with different lengths of the tubular element (3.1) and / or with different inner diameters in the holder (2) can be fastened.
7. Düsenaufbau nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das rohrförmige Element (3.1) einen maximalen Innendurchmesser von 0,8 mm, bevorzugt von 0,25 mm aufweist. 7. nozzle assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubular element (3.1) has a maximum inner diameter of 0.8 mm, preferably of 0.25 mm.
8. Düsenaufbau nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Halter (2) kühlbar ist. 8. nozzle assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holder (2) is coolable.
EP17826490.9A 2016-12-23 2017-12-19 Nozzle construction for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or a precursor solution Active EP3559301B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016125587.4A DE102016125587A1 (en) 2016-12-23 2016-12-23 Nozzle assembly for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or precursor solution
PCT/EP2017/083546 WO2018114952A1 (en) 2016-12-23 2017-12-19 Nozzle construction for thermal spraying by means of a suspension or a precursor solution

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EP3559301A1 true EP3559301A1 (en) 2019-10-30
EP3559301B1 EP3559301B1 (en) 2021-06-30

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US (1) US20200290068A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3559301B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2020514534A (en)
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DE102017130744B4 (en) * 2017-12-20 2022-07-28 Universität Stuttgart Apparatus and method for thermal spraying

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1105622A (en) * 1954-05-31 1955-12-06 Parker Ste Continentale Apparatus for spraying plastics and similar powdered products
LU34348A1 (en) * 1955-05-02
DE8035087U1 (en) * 1980-12-02 1982-09-23 Sortimat Creuz & Co Gmbh, 7057 Winnenden DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DISPOSABLE CANNULES
DE10357440B4 (en) * 2003-02-05 2006-02-09 Hühne, Erwin Dieter Low-temperature high-speed flame spraying system for preparing surfaces and / or for thermal spraying of pulverulent spray additives
DE102009024111A1 (en) * 2009-06-06 2010-12-09 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh nozzle holder
EP2652168B1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2020-03-25 Oerlikon Metco (US) Inc. Pressure based liquid feed system for suspension plasma spray coatings

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US20200290068A1 (en) 2020-09-17
EP3559301B1 (en) 2021-06-30
WO2018114952A1 (en) 2018-06-28
JP2020514534A (en) 2020-05-21

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