Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
  • B29B7/002—Methods
  • B29B7/005—Methods for mixing in batches
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
  • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
  • B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/005—Processes for mixing polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
  • C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
  • C08J2323/12—Polypropene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
  • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
  • C08J2423/06—Polyethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
  • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
  • C08J2423/08—Copolymers of ethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08J2427/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
  • C08J2427/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride

Definitions

• the product benefits construction and recycling industries, and in effect it refers to the phased processing of firstly, raw materials which through further processing compound into a single product- a filled plastic profile.
• the product- a filled plastic profile consists of 75-80% waste materials which were not recyclable using as yet known recyclatory technologies. Its exterior (external shell) is an oblong hollow plastic profile made of raw materials using special recyclatory processes, and its interior is a concrete-material filling made of raw materials using a special recyclatory process.
• These components are homogenized in a machine specifically customized for this purpose (fig.l;fig.2).
• a filled plastic profile has a wide range of utilization. It can be used as:
• a final product post, girder, beam, batten or crossbar of various intended usages, traffic sign pole, prefabricated buildings construction, hail-protection nets in agriculture, various stanchions in pomiculture, vineyards etc.
• a semifinished product- a segment (replacing a wooden or an iron (steel) beam, crossbar, batten)
• other industrial branches exterior or interior furniture, garden furniture, park benches, storehouse shelves, segments of products which require weather resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, salts resistance, electricity resistance etc.
• the filling itself as a component produced using special production process, which is used to fill the oblong hollow plastic profile (as a stage of filled plastic profiles production) represents a separate invention that has separate utility and intended usage.
• the filling of a filled plastic profile represents a product (concrete made of recycled materials) or a semiproduct (it can be industrially made only as a component) with intended use of producing new types of concrete which would, in broad sense, refer to construction industry.
• Iron profiles are also widespread in manufacture of the aforementioned products. Iron profiles are also affectable from rust and deterioration, especially due to exposure to salts and weather conditions, and also require regular, expensive and often complicated maintenance.
• the author of the invention aware of the flaws of aforementioned traditional materials, had decided to come up with a new product (by adjusting and modifying the existing machinery, tools, and by bringing innovations to a known technology) which will eliminate the aforementioned flaws of the traditional materials with its high performance features which enables much easier manipulation in terms of transport, installment and further processing (in case that the final product, or the material is a component in the manufacture of another new product), that is resistant to all weather conditions, exposure to salts and chemical agents, and still, not require any further investment in terms of various protective varnishes, painting while being pleasant to the eye, long lasting and solid.
• the basis of the invention- a filled plastic profile consists of production of the oblong hollow plastic profiles of various cross-sections and shapes that have rough inner surfaces, so that the homogenization would be more successful after the filling with the recycled materials concrete.
• the result is a more solid, more compact, inseparable compound product consisted of 70-80% waste materials.
• the oblong hollow plastic profiles are manufactured in a particular way, and consist several plastic materials (noncombinative in production processes until now) to gain a unique product with numerous positive features (firm, but not brittle, flexible and elastic, always returning to its normal form if bent). Hollow plastic profiles are afterwards filled with concrete made of recycled materials which is consisted of triturated scrap glass and triturated mixed plastic, i.e.
• a filled plastic profile is a product that represents the compound of the aforementioned components which can effectively replace wooden, iron or concrete post, pillar, support beam etc.
• the component is an innovative component that can be used (as a product or a semiproduct) instead of the traditional concrete for: cementing pathways, as different types of concretes in construction industry, for making concrete elements, especially decorative concrete elements which need to have a lesser specific gravity of the concrete, places where the concrete needs to be more resistant to vibrations, places where concrete should have better insulating abilities in comparison to traditional concrete.
• Material-product, a filled plastic profile is a compound, unique product which consists of the oblong, hollow, plastic profile (as an external shell) of various cross-section sizes and shapes, filled with a new type of material (concrete made of recycled materials), which is produced in a series of special processes, using specially adjusted and modified tools and machinery, takes several stages, and, whose production materials consist of 70-80% recycled repromaterials.
• PELLD; PEHD; PELD; PVC is used to create the oblong, hollow plastic profile, using special technological method, using specially adjusted and modified machinery.
• STAGE 1 the process of making repromaterials used to produce the oblong hollow plastic profile - Scrap PP (polypropylene 80-90R rigidity) is triturated to sizes up to 4mm in the granulation mill, then washed and dried (to remove all possible impurity), using a known method.
• Scrap rigid PVD polyvinyl chloride, 1 10- 120R rigidity
• the plastic mass gained using this method is very well homogenized and ready for extrusion. It is essential that the process is done in this particular order considering all different melting points of the different types of plastic, and different points of changing the physical properties of these plastic masses, also different specific gravities i.e. different bulk densities.
• these different types of plastic are perfectly homogenized by being melted using extrusion, and thus so, provide equable quality of the product. If the product- an oblong, hollow plastic profile should have a tree bark look (aesthetic, decorative, fig. 3), i.e. to have shallow furrows of various and random lengths and shapes on the exterior, 10-15% triturated hard PVC will be added to the mixture.
• Composite materials can also be added to the mixture in the aforementioned order (multilayered plastic foils consisting of 3-9 layers, that consist of more than 80% PELD or PEHD, which were not recyclable using known methods due to consisting of up to 20% materials such as PA, PET, PVC) instead of 10-15% PELD and PELLD, or instead of 10-15% PEHD.
• the oblong hollow plastic profiles production process uses extrusion machinery that has specially adjusted and modified mechanism. Extrusion of the prepared mass is done on temperatures of 160-180°C at 26-32 r/min (rotation per minute) of the spiral extrusion mechanism,
• the shape of the oblong hollow plastic profile can (in cross-section) be rounded, semicircular, oval, rectangular, quadratic etc. (fig. 4;5;6;7) and comes in different sizes, wall thickness, inner and outer mensuration (measurement including wall thickness, or just the cross-section of the hollow part) depending on its intended use.
• the oblong hollow plastic profile production process can be done in two ways using known methods:
• the temperature of the water in the vacuum bath i.e. cooling mechanism must not exceed 20°C so the oblong hollow plastic profiles would come out of the production perfectly straight (unless requested otherwise).
• the oblong hollow plastic profiles can come in various sizes (wall thickness, length, cross- section etc.) and in different cross-section shapes (rounded, oval, quadratic, rectangular, semicircular etc.) which depends on which specially modified and adjusted gear is installed in shape of the gear installed, it must be specially modified and adjusted so that the inner wall of the oblong hollow plastic profile would be slightly furrowed and rough (fig. 8) without having any effect to the outer wall structure which must look pleasing to the eye.
• the oblong hollow plastic are ready for the next stage of the production of a filled plastic profile. It is recommended they are put away where they are not exposed to any possible negative influence.
• the oblong hollow plastic profiles produced using these methods, using this particular recipe posses features and characteristics: - Satisfactory firmness and solidness, without being brittle or fragile (as they would be if they were made of only PP, or hard PVC)
• the recyclate concrete (concrete made of recycled materials) consists of the following components:
• the glass needs to be triturated in a specially adjusted and modified milling machinery without impurities (paper, small stones, sand, earth, mud) to a desired granulation of 1 - 4mm (to gain sharply edged glass granulate) and sort the glass granules according to their size after the granulation.
• impurities paper, small stones, sand, earth, mud
• the process starts at firstly triturating, then mixing in the mixing machinery at 2400 r/min (rotations per minute) using specially modified and adjusted rotary blades.
• the mixing machinery starts at firstly triturating, then mixing in the mixing machinery at 2400 r/min (rotations per minute) using specially modified and adjusted rotary blades.
• the mixed mass reaches the desired temperature and the point of changed physical properties (inside the mixing machinery), after the trituration, rotation, friction, and changes its state of aggregation (melts) to almost liquid state, (2-3%) cold
• the liquid plastic mass will simply adhere to glass granules. After a sudden and fast cooling process, the plastic toughens, and the rotary blades cut it to small granules conjoined with glass.
• This method can be used with all mixatable plastic masses (every type of low bulk density plastic that have low melting point, which are light, but at the same time dimensious, thin)
• This plastic component category includes all scrap compound plastic types, for example, shellings of cable lines, and all other polymers and copolymers which are not economical for recycle using any known method of recycling. Even trails of impurities, like rubber, various metals, do not represent a problem in the process, even though they cannot be separated into basic components.
• the best quality of the concrete made of recycled materials is achieved if the glass and plastic mass is beforehand homogenized in the mixer (earlier described process), and if before the very mixing process this mass is heated to the temperatures of 30-35° in a specially adjusted and modified mixing machine.
• the mass of glass and triturated hard plastic needs to be heated also (if not homogenized before, this mixture needs to be heated to the temperature of 60-70°C. Upon reaching that particular temperature, 5% of PELLD is added to the mass and treated for 3-4 minutes so the homogenization is finished properly). It is recommended that the water is not too cold (20-25°C at least).
• Example 1 recyclate concrete recipe (extremely tough and solid, mildly elastic)
• Example 2 recyclate concrete recipe (extremely elastic, resistant to torsions )
• Example 3 recyclate concrete recipe (Solid, tough, mildly elastic, extremely light weight)
• the mix will have more triturated glass, and less triturated plastic (the same percentage of triturated glass is increased, as the amount of triturated plastic is decreased).
• the mass is to be poured into the concrete mixer according to the recipe, and mixed until it becomes partially liquid (not totally liquid) homogenized mixture. After that, the recyclate concrete is ready for further processing i.e. filling of the oblong hollow plastic profiles, or serve its purpose as a separate product.
• Recyclate concrete represents a product made through recycling of the materials, and it can replace traditional concrete types, especially where lighter types of concrete are required. It has better thermal isolatory properties, it's elastic, resistant to vibrations, it can have rough surfaces to prevent any slippage or sliding, or it can be extremely tough and solid. Recyclate concrete can withstand extreme torsion pressures, and return to its initial state.
• Recyclate concrete can be 100% recycled, and has a wide range of applicability.
• Recyclate concrete can be reinforced using known methods.
• the components for production of the recyclate concrete can be industrially produced, homogenized, packed and sold as a recyclatory component for the production of recyclate concrete (plastic homogenized with glass in premade ratios, depending on intended use), which would significally reduce the consumption of the natural resources and help save the environment.
• a specially adjusted and modified vibrating machinery For the process of filling the oblong hollow plastic profiles, a specially adjusted and modified vibrating machinery. In the process, the bottom end of the oblong hollow plastic profiles is sealed using a protective seal, and put straight vertically in the machine. The filling is administered from the top end of the oblong hollow plastic profile placed vertically in a specially adjusted and modified machine which constantly vibrates in all directions during the filling process so the concrete made of recycled materials fills the oblong hollow plastic profile equally and settle in propperly.
• Material-product a filled plastic profile can be REINFORCED using known methods depending on the presupposed requirements and its intended use.
• the protective seal is placed on the top end also, and filled plastic profiles are put away in specially designed holders in horizontal position where the drying process begins.
• the protective seals are to come off to eliminate the closed container effect and accelerate the drying process.
• the drying process (concretion) lasts for 5-7 days in room temperature, though it can be accelerated by additional heating and ventilating.
• a filled plastic profile is ready for use (with protective plastic or rubber seals placed once again on both ends). Ends of a filled plastic profile can have decorative details (fig. 9).
• a filled plastic profile can be produced in assembly line production, industrially, in accordance to the described process using specially adjusted and modified machines and tools, with justified economic efficiency considering its extremely wide range of applicability (mostly in construction industry as posts for all types of fencing, protective net girder, sign posts, prefabricated building construction, components for furniture construction etc.) and extremely wide range of cheap repromaterials, which contain 70-80% (waste) recycled materials (many of them) that were not recycled until now. It can efficiently replace traditionally used materials like wood, iron (steel) profiles and concrete profiles. That means that it is very significant in perservation of the natural resources and the environment.
• Fig.3 represents a filled plastic profile with protective seal and conspicuous decorative detail- shallow texture.
• Fig.4; fig.5;fig6;fig7 represents various shapes of the filled plastic profiles (in cross- section)- rounded, semicircular, quadratic, rectangular.
• Fig.8 represents furrowed (rough) inner wall of the oblong hollow plastic profile and lasting homogenization with the concrete made out of recycled materials (recyclate concrete)
• Fig. 9 represents a filled plastic profile with a decorative detail.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Fencing (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 2016
  • 2016-12-23 RS RS20161167A patent/RS57664B1/sr unknown
• 2017
  • 2017-12-22 WO PCT/RS2017/000017 patent/WO2018117889A1/en unknown
  • 2017-12-22 EP EP17840459.6A patent/EP3559093A1/en not_active Withdrawn

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