EP3552283B1 - Électrode de bougie d'allumage, bougie d'allumage et procédé de fabrication d'une électrode de bougie d'allumage - Google Patents

Électrode de bougie d'allumage, bougie d'allumage et procédé de fabrication d'une électrode de bougie d'allumage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3552283B1
EP3552283B1 EP17784914.8A EP17784914A EP3552283B1 EP 3552283 B1 EP3552283 B1 EP 3552283B1 EP 17784914 A EP17784914 A EP 17784914A EP 3552283 B1 EP3552283 B1 EP 3552283B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
spark plug
mass
core
connection region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP17784914.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3552283A1 (fr
Inventor
Mario Fleischhauer
Manfred Roeckelein
Alexander Schramm
Gabriel PETERSEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/16—Means for dissipating heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spark plug electrode with improved connectivity to a component of a spark plug and to a spark plug with a permanently stable connected spark plug electrode.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for producing a spark plug electrode.
  • a spark plug electrode comprises an electrode core with high thermal conductivity and an electrode jacket surrounding the electrode core, wherein the electrode core is exposed at the electrode base before being connected to a component of the spark plug.
  • the material of the electrode jacket is selected with a view to high corrosion resistance and erosion resistance.
  • connection area is provided on the electrode base, which prevents removal or flow of material from the Spark plug electrode is prevented and thus an improvement in the ability to connect to another component of a spark plug, in particular by a thermal connection process, such as preferably welding.
  • a thermal connection process such as preferably welding.
  • the materials of the connection area and the electrode jacket differ.
  • the connection area can be specifically designed with regard to
  • connection area forms a type of protective area that helps to maintain the shape and form of the electrode core during connection to a component of a spark plug.
  • the spark plug electrode can thus be connected to a component of the spark plug in an uncomplicated manner, even thermally induced, without leaked or flowed-off electrode core material causing disruptions in the connection formation of the electrode base with a component of the spark plug.
  • the spark plug electrode according to the invention with an electrode core surrounded by an electrode jacket is characterized not only by high corrosion and erosion stability but also by very good connectability to a component of a spark plug.
  • connection region at least partially covers the electrode core on the electrode base.
  • the electrode core on the electrode base is completely covered by the connection region. This makes it particularly efficient to prevent flowing off, removing or transferring electrode core material.
  • connection area extends over as large an area as possible on the electrode base. According to the invention, the connection area therefore completely covers not only the electrode core but also the electrode jacket on the electrode base.
  • the electrode core is made of a highly thermally conductive material that is able to absorb the heat generated at the electrode tip during the intended use of the Spark plug electrodes are designed to quickly dissipate the high heat that occurs in the spark plasma from the electrode tip.
  • the electrode core is made of copper, silver, a copper alloy, with a copper content in the copper alloy being at least 90% by mass, or a silver alloy, with a silver content in the silver alloy being at least 90% by mass.
  • the metals silver and copper not only have a high thermal conductivity, but are also characterized by good processability and affordability at moderate prices.
  • the material of the electrode sheath is preferably made of a nickel-based alloy with nickel as the main component in mass%.
  • a further stabilization of the electrode material that comes into spark contact can advantageously be achieved by the nickel-based alloy of the material of the electrode sheath containing chromium in a proportion of at least 20% by mass, in particular of at least 25% by mass.
  • the material of the connection region has a thermal conductivity in a temperature range of 400 to 450 °C that is higher than that of the material of the electrode jacket. This can in particular improve a thermally induced connection with a component of a spark plug.
  • the material of the connection area advantageously has better weldability than that of the material of the electrode core.
  • Improved "weldability" of the material of the connection area means that the material of the connection area is easier to activate thermally than that of the electrode core and can therefore also be alloyed. In this way, a homogeneous and stable weld seam can be formed without any significant changes to the electrode core.
  • Weldability in the sense of the invention also means that the spark plug electrode according to the invention and a component of the spark plug can be welded together in compliance with the required features with regard to geometry, weld seam strength and avoidance of welding spatter, can be reproducibly joined using the existing joining process.
  • connection area is a low-alloy nickel-based alloy or a low-alloy iron-based alloy. These alloys are characterized by good weldability and in particular by good connectability with conventional jacket materials and spark plug materials, so that the spark plug electrode can be very well and permanently stably connected to a component of a spark plug.
  • the material of the connection area has the following composition, whereby the specified values refer to mass%: aluminum: 2.0 to 2.3 mass%, silicon: 1.8 to 2.1 mass%, yttrium: 0.05 to 0.1 mass%, chromium: maximum 0.1 mass%, manganese: maximum 0.1 mass%, iron: maximum 0.2 mass%, copper: maximum 0.1 mass%, magnesium: maximum 0.08 mass%, carbon: maximum 0.045 mass%, sulfur: maximum 0.002 mass%, nitrogen: maximum 0.008 mass% and lead: maximum 0.002 mass%, with nickel to balance out to 100 mass%.
  • the specified values refer to mass%: aluminum: 2.0 to 2.3 mass%, silicon: 1.8 to 2.1 mass%, yttrium: 0.05 to 0.1 mass%, chromium: maximum 0.1 mass%, manganese: maximum 0.1 mass%, iron: maximum 0.2 mass%, copper: maximum 0.1 mass%, magnesium: maximum 0.08 mass%, carbon: maximum 0.045 mass%, sulfur: maximum 0.002 mass%, nitrogen: maximum
  • the invention also discloses a spark plug which comprises a spark plug electrode as described above.
  • the spark plug electrode according to the invention By using the spark plug electrode according to the invention, it is permanently and stably connected to a component of the spark plug.
  • the connection between the connection area of the spark plug electrode and the connection area on the component of the spark plug is uniform and stable and is not penetrated by material from the electrode core.
  • the spark plug according to the invention is therefore not only characterized by high corrosion and erosion resistance but also by very good mechanical stability.
  • the spark plug according to the invention can have the spark plug electrode according to the invention as a ground electrode and/or as a center electrode.
  • the electrode produced according to the invention has an electrode base and an electrode tip and comprises an electrode core, an electrode jacket surrounding the electrode core and a connecting region for connecting the spark plug electrode to a another component of a spark plug.
  • a material of the electrode jacket is first provided.
  • a recess is then provided in the material of the electrode jacket.
  • the recess extends from the electrode base in the direction of the electrode tip.
  • a material of the electrode core is introduced into this recess, in such a way that the material of the electrode core at least partially fills the recess. Completely filling the recess with the material of the electrode core is also possible.
  • connection area is then introduced into or onto the recess at least partially filled with the material of the electrode core. This results in a stacked arrangement of the material of the electrode core and the material of the connection area. Rather, the connection area covers the electrode core at least partially and in particular completely. The electrode core is thus prevented from flowing off, being removed or transferred to surrounding areas even when exposed to thermal influences.
  • the connection area can therefore be very easily connected to a component of a spark plug without any significant geometric change in the electrode core occurring even when exposed to high temperatures.
  • the process is simple, can be implemented without high technical effort and enables the production of a spark plug electrode with a functional connection area.
  • spark plug electrode according to the invention also apply to the spark plug according to the invention and the method according to the invention for producing a spark plug electrode.
  • the method advantageously comprises a step of forming the sheath material with the material of the electrode core in the recess and/or a step of forming the material of the connection region with the material of the electrode core.
  • the forming includes a pressing step.
  • a pressing step By pressing the jacket material with the material of the electrode core and/or by pressing the material of the connection area with the material of the electrode core, in particular a force-fit connection is created between the pressed materials, which ensures a particularly permanent connection.
  • a very simple and targeted connection between adjacent materials, such as the stacked materials of the electrode core and the connection area, can be advantageously carried out by extrusion.
  • the method advantageously also includes a forming step to adapt the geometry of the spark plug electrode.
  • the spark plug can be curved. This is particularly advantageous in the production of ground electrodes.
  • the spark plug 1 comprises a ground electrode 2 and a center electrode 3.
  • An insulator 4 is provided such that the center electrode 3 is in a known manner somewhat Insulator 4 protrudes.
  • the insulator 4 itself is partially surrounded by a housing 5.
  • the reference number 6 denotes an electrical connection nut.
  • An electrically conductive connection is provided from the electrical connection nut 6 to the center electrode 3 via a connection bolt 7 and a connecting element 8 made of a conductive glass.
  • At least one of the electrodes is specifically designed.
  • Figure 2 shows one of the spark plug electrodes, for example a ground electrode 2, in a sectional view.
  • the ground electrode 2 has an electrode tip 9 and an electrode base 10.
  • the electrode base 10 is the area that can be connected to a component of a spark plug, for example to a housing section, so that the ground electrode 2 becomes an integral part of the spark plug.
  • the electrode tip 9 represents the end of the ground electrode 2 opposite the electrode base 10.
  • the electrode tip 9 is the area in which an ignition spark plasma is generated when the ground electrode 2 is used as intended.
  • the electrode tip 9 can also have a precious metal pin (not shown) that serves to generate the ignition sparks. However, this is not absolutely necessary.
  • the ground electrode 2 comprises an electrode core 11, an electrode sheath 12 surrounding the electrode core 11 and a connecting region 13 for connecting the ground electrode 2 to another spark plug component, wherein the connecting region 13 is provided on the electrode base 10.
  • connection region 13 completely covers both the electrode core 11 on the electrode base 10 and the electrode jacket 12. In the region of the electrode base 10 that is to be connected to another component of a spark plug, only material from the connection region 13 is present. Both the electrode core 11 and the electrode jacket 12 are shielded by the connection region 13 and do not protrude from the electrode base 10.
  • connection area 13 is used to form the connection, i.e. to form the weld seam.
  • the electrode core 11 and the electrode jacket 12 remain unaffected by this.
  • the material of the electrode core 11 is prevented from flowing away or being carried away or transferred by the locally high temperatures prevailing during the welding process and the electrode core 11 remains essentially unchanged in the electrode jacket 12 so that it can effectively dissipate the heat that acts on the electrode tip 9 in the ignition spark plasma from the electrode tip 9.
  • a high level of corrosion resistance and erosion resistance of the ground electrode 2 is thus achieved.
  • connection area 13 The material of the connection area 13 and the material of the electrode jacket 12 are different from one another.
  • the connection area 13 can be specifically selected and designed for its function, i.e. to prevent flow or removal or transfer of material from the electrode core 11 and to form a good connection to a component of a spark plug.
  • the jacket material can be selected with regard to high erosion stability and corrosion stability.
  • the material of the electrode jacket 12 is made in particular from a nickel-based alloy with nickel as the main component.
  • the material of the electrode jacket can contain chromium with at least 20 mass%, in particular with at least 25 mass%.
  • connection region 13 is preferably a low-alloyed nickel-based alloy or a low-alloyed iron-based alloy. These alloys are characterized by good weldability and, at the same time, high thermal conductivity, whereby the thermal conductivity of the material of the connection region 13 is higher than the thermal conductivity of the material of the electrode jacket 12 in a temperature range of 400 to 450 °C.
  • the electrode core 11 is made of copper, silver, a copper alloy due to its good thermal conductivity, with a copper content in the Copper alloy is at least 90% by mass, or a silver alloy, wherein the silver content in the silver alloy is at least 90% by mass.
  • Figure 3 shows a diagram to illustrate a method for producing a spark plug electrode according to an embodiment.
  • the spark plug electrode to be produced according to the method is, for example, a ground electrode 2.
  • a material 14 of the electrode casing 12 is provided, in which a recess 15 is provided in a method step A.
  • the recess 15 can be produced, for example, by removing material or by pressing the material 14 of the electrode casing 12 together. Other methods are also conceivable for this purpose.
  • a material 16 of the electrode core 11 is introduced into the recess 15.
  • the recess 15 is thus at least partially filled with the material 16 of the electrode core 11.
  • step C material 17 of the connection region 13 is introduced into the recess 15 which is at least partially filled with the material 16 of the electrode core 11.
  • the material 17 of the connection region 13 and the material 16 of the electrode core 11 are thus stacked in the recess 15.
  • step D pressure is applied from the direction of the material 17 of the connection region 13, which is indicated by the arrow P.
  • the material 16 of the electrode core 11 is pressed with the material 14 of the electrode jacket 12, so that a force-fitting connection is created between the resulting electrode core 11 and the electrode jacket 12, so that the electrode core 11 is permanently fixed in the electrode jacket 12.
  • connection area 13 is pressed with the material 16 of the electrode core 11, whereby between the electrode core 11 and the connecting area 13 also a particularly force-fitting connection is established.
  • the pressing operations are advantageously carried out by extrusion, in particular by full forward extrusion.
  • a pressing step can also follow after step B, i.e. after the at least partial filling of the recess 15 with material 16 of the electrode core 11.
  • a second pressing step is then carried out, as shown in the embodiment shown, after the arrangement of material 17 of the connection region 13, as shown in step D.
  • the method illustrated for producing a spark plug electrode produces, by way of example, a ground electrode 2 with an electrode base 10 and an electrode tip 9, wherein the ground electrode 2 comprises an electrode core 11, an electrode jacket 12 surrounding the electrode core 11 and a connecting region 13 for connecting the ground electrode 2 to a further spark plug component.
  • the material 14 of the electrode jacket 12 is different from the material 17 of the connection area 13, as is the case, for example, with regard to the ground electrode 2 in Figure 2 is executed.
  • the ground electrode 2 can be reshaped after pressing in order to adapt the geometry of the ground electrode 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Électrode de bougie d'allumage destinée à une bougie d'allumage, l'électrode de bougie d'allumage comportant une base d'électrode (10) et une pointe d'électrode (9), l'électrode de bougie d'allumage comprenant un noyau d'électrode (11), un enrobage d'électrode (12) entourant le noyau d'électrode (11), caractérisée en ce que l'électrode de bougie d'allumage présente une zone de liaison (13) pour relier l'électrode de bougie d'allumage (2) à un autre composant de bougie d'allumage, l'autre composant de bougie d'allumage étant une partie formant boîtier, de sorte que l'électrode de bougie devient une partie intégrante de la bougie d'allumage, la zone de liaison (13) étant prévue au niveau de la base d'électrode (10) et recouvrant entièrement le noyau d'électrode (11) et l'enrobage d'électrode (12) au niveau de la base d'électrode (10), et un matériau (17) de la zone de liaison (13) et un matériau (14) de l'enrobage d'électrode (12) étant différents.
  2. Électrode de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le noyau d'électrode (11) est en cuivre, en argent, en un alliage de cuivre, la proportion de cuivre dans l'alliage de cuivre étant d'au moins 90% en masse, ou en un alliage d'argent, la proportion d'argent dans l'alliage d'argent étant d'au moins 90% en masse.
  3. Électrode de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (14) de l'enrobage d'électrode (12) est formé d'un alliage à base de nickel comprenant du nickel en tant que constituant principal.
  4. Électrode de bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'alliage à base de nickel contient du chrome dans une proportion d'au moins 20% en masse, notamment d'au moins 25% en masse.
  5. Électrode de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (17) de la zone de liaison (13) présente, dans une plage de température comprise entre 400 et 450°C, une conductivité thermique supérieure à celle du matériau (14) de l'enrobage d'électrode (12).
  6. Électrode de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (17) de la zone de liaison (13) présente une meilleure soudabilité que celle du matériau (16) du noyau d'électrode (11).
  7. Électrode de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (17) de la zone de liaison (13) est un alliage à base de nickel faiblement allié ou un alliage à base de fer faiblement allié, notamment un alliage présentant la composition suivante : aluminium : 2,0 à 2,3 % en masse, silicium : 1,8 à 2,1 % en masse, yttrium : 0,05 à 0,1 % en masse, chrome : 0,1 % en masse au maximum, manganèse : au plus 0,1 % en masse, fer : au plus 0,2 % en masse, cuivre : au plus 0,1 % en masse, magnésium : au plus 0,08 % en masse, carbone : au plus 0,045 % en masse, soufre : au plus 0,002 % en masse, azote : au plus 0,008 % en masse et plomb : au plus 0,002 % en masse, avec du nickel pour compléter à 100 % en masse.
  8. Bougie d'allumage comprenant une électrode de bougie d'allumage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  9. Procédé de fabrication d'une électrode de bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 ou de fabrication d'une bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 8, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - fourniture d'un matériau (14) de l'enrobage d'électrode (12),
    - création d'un évidement (15) dans le matériau (14) de l'enrobage d'électrode (12),
    - introduction d'un matériau (16) du noyau d'électrode (11) dans l'évidement (15) et remplissage au moins partiel de l'évidement (15) avec le matériau (16) du noyau d'électrode (11) et
    - introduction de matériau (17) de la zone de liaison (13) dans l'évidement (15) au moins partiellement rempli du matériau (16) du noyau d'électrode (11).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, comprenant en outre une étape de formage du matériau (14) de l'enrobage d'électrode (12) avec le matériau (16) du noyau d'électrode (11) dans l'évidement (15) et/ou une étape de formage du matériau (17) de la zone de liaison (13) avec le matériau (16) du noyau d'électrode (11).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de mise en forme comprend une étape de pressage, notamment d'extrusion.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, comprenant en outre une étape de formage destinée à adapter la géométrie de l'électrode de bougie d'allumage (2).
EP17784914.8A 2016-12-08 2017-10-04 Électrode de bougie d'allumage, bougie d'allumage et procédé de fabrication d'une électrode de bougie d'allumage Active EP3552283B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016224502.3A DE102016224502A1 (de) 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 Zündkerzenelektrode, Zündkerze und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zündkerzenelektrode
PCT/EP2017/075173 WO2018103912A1 (fr) 2016-12-08 2017-10-04 Électrode de bougie d'allumage, bougie d'allumage et procédé de fabrication d'une électrode de bougie d'allumage

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EP3552283A1 EP3552283A1 (fr) 2019-10-16
EP3552283B1 true EP3552283B1 (fr) 2024-05-29

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EP (1) EP3552283B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110140265B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016224502A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018103912A1 (fr)

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CN113748577B (zh) * 2019-04-30 2023-03-14 联邦-富豪燃气有限责任公司 火花塞电极及其制造方法

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103875143A (zh) * 2011-01-13 2014-06-18 费德罗-莫格尔点火公司 改进接地电极定位的火花塞及其制造方法

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DE3941649A1 (de) * 1989-12-16 1991-06-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur herstellung von elektroden fuer zuendkerzen sowie zuendkerzen-elektroden
JP4261573B2 (ja) * 2006-11-23 2009-04-30 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
EP2192661B1 (fr) * 2007-09-18 2017-07-05 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie d'allumage
JP4939642B2 (ja) * 2010-11-04 2012-05-30 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
JP5260759B2 (ja) * 2012-01-05 2013-08-14 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
DE102014216403A1 (de) * 2014-08-19 2016-02-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Masseelektrode und Zündkerze mit Masseelektrode sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Masseelektrode
DE102014226215A1 (de) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündkerzenelektrode, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Zündkerze

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103875143A (zh) * 2011-01-13 2014-06-18 费德罗-莫格尔点火公司 改进接地电极定位的火花塞及其制造方法

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DE102016224502A1 (de) 2018-06-14
CN110140265A (zh) 2019-08-16
EP3552283A1 (fr) 2019-10-16
CN110140265B (zh) 2020-08-14
WO2018103912A1 (fr) 2018-06-14

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