EP3538769A1 - Turbocompresseur avec un arbre comprenant une portion libre - Google Patents
Turbocompresseur avec un arbre comprenant une portion libreInfo
- Publication number
- EP3538769A1 EP3538769A1 EP17801639.0A EP17801639A EP3538769A1 EP 3538769 A1 EP3538769 A1 EP 3538769A1 EP 17801639 A EP17801639 A EP 17801639A EP 3538769 A1 EP3538769 A1 EP 3538769A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- turbine
- shaft
- turbocharger
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/584—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps cooling or heating the machine
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turbocharger, in particular a turbocharger for an internal combustion engine. Description of the prior art
- the turbocharger is a supercharging system widely used in internal combustion engines to increase their power.
- the principle is to increase the density of the air admitted into the combustion chamber of the engine by compressing it with the aid of a compressor connected by a shaft to a turbine, which itself is rotated by the gases of exhaust.
- a turbocharger In order to function optimally, a turbocharger generally requires the downstream use thereof of a heat exchanger to cool the air and thus further increase its density, the compressed air generally having a high temperature at the outlet turbocharger. Because of their high temperature, the exhaust gases are the main source of heat inside the turbocharger. These exhaust gases are therefore at the origin of a temperature increase not beneficial for both the compressed air by the turbocharger but also for the bearings of the axis connecting the compressor and the turbine.
- US2014 / 0352299 discloses a turbocharger in which a cooling duct is designed to convey a portion of the compressed air into the compressor near the bearing of the shaft between the turbine and the compressor. Such a cooling system is therefore intended to cool the bearing to preserve the warming due to the friction of the shaft in the bearing and the high temperatures of the exhaust gas.
- US2012 / 0003081 also discloses a turbocharger wherein a cooling jacket is adapted to supply compressed air directly from or downstream of the compressor into a cavity for cooling the bearing of the compressor. tree.
- a passage in which is placed or not a pressure relief valve, is provided between the inside of the compressor housing and the cooling cavity.
- the present invention relates to a turbocharger comprising a compressor and a compressor casing surrounding said compressor, a turbine and a turbine casing surrounding said turbine, said compressor casing comprising an inlet and an outlet for the air admitted into a combustion chamber of an engine, said turbine casing comprising an inlet and an outlet for the exhaust gases, a shaft connecting said turbine and said compressor, at least one bearing for supporting and guiding in rotation said shaft, said turbocharger comprising means for fixing the compressor casing to the turbine casing, said shaft comprising a free portion between the two casings, said fixing means being able to allow the passage of a flow of air flowing along of said free portion and around said compressor and turbine casings.
- the free portion of the shaft therefore communicates directly with the outside of the turbocharger because the means for fixing the compressor housing to the turbine casing allow the passage of an outside air flow around said housings and along said free portion, with a direct contact between the air flow and the free portion.
- the presence of this free portion therefore substantially reduces heat transfer by thermal conduction between the two housings that are observed in the prior art.
- the fastening means of the compressor casing to the turbine casing comprise a plurality of pillars.
- the turbocharger comprises two bearing housings for supporting the shaft connecting the compressor to the turbine, the first bearing housing being located between the turbine casing and the free portion of the shaft, the second bearing housing located between the compressor housing and the free portion of the shaft.
- the first bearing housing is attached to the turbine housing and the second bearing housing is attached to the compressor housing.
- the first and second bearing housings therefore rotate the shaft connecting the compressor to the turbine and can contain any type of bearing suitable for performing this function, whether they are for example smooth or rolling bearings.
- the first and second bearing housings advantageously include an inlet and an outlet for receiving a lubricant and seals to prevent lubricant leakage to the free portion of the shaft and the turbine and compressor housings.
- the free portion of the axis comprises air deflection means, said air deflection means being able to generate a flow of air when said shaft is rotating.
- the air deflection means are able to generate a flow of air flowing in the direction from the compressor housing to the turbine casing. A flow of air flowing in this direction makes it possible to ventilate the compressor casing optimally by draining around it a flow of air at ambient temperature coming from outside the turbocharger, while pushing back the hot air surrounding it. the turbine casing and thereby preventing it from coming to heat the compressor housing.
- the ventilation can be provided, totally or in addition to the ventilation system described above, by ventilation means located outside the turbocharger and supplied with energy by an external energy source.
- said air ventilation means may comprise a fan placed near the compressor housing.
- the air deflection means comprise a plurality of blades, for example two blades, fixed to the free portion of the shaft, which will be actuated in rotation when the turbocharger is driven by the exhaust gas.
- the turbocharger according to the invention comprises a protective shell surrounding the free portion of the shaft connecting the turbine to the compressor.
- a protective shell has a role of protective barrier for the free portion of the shaft which will have a very high speed of rotation during operation of the turbocharger.
- Such a shell can also cover all the compressor and turbine casings, leaving however openings around the compressor and turbine casings to allow passage of the air flow generated by the deflection means advantageously present air on the free portion of the tree.
- the shell then acts as a barrier to prevent direct contact between an operator and the housings, in particular the turbine casing which will have a high temperature in operation.
- the invention relates to a vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine connected to a turbocharger as described above.
- a plurality of turbochargers according to the invention can also be installed on the same vehicle, according to series or parallel assemblies, for the purpose of optimizing the supercharging performance in the different operating speeds of the engine.
- the turbine casing of the turbocharger can advantageously be connected to the engine exhaust gas downstream of the catalytic converter.
- the exhaust gases have indeed a lower temperature at the outlet of the catalytic converter than at the inlet thereof and it has thus been observed that such a configuration was therefore advantageous with a view to minimizing the transfers. of heat to the compressor housing and thus optimize the performance of the turbocharger.
- FIG 1 shows an embodiment of the turbocharger according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a protective shell that can be used with the turbocharger according to the invention
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the turbocharger according to the invention.
- the turbocharger is therefore composed of a compressor casing 1 housing a radial compressor and a turbine casing 2 housing a radial turbine.
- the turbine is connected to the compressor by a shaft 3.
- the compressor thus draws air 4 intended to be admitted into the engine and after having compressed it therefore sends it to the intake duct of the engine.
- the turbine is driven by the exhaust gas 5 of the engine.
- the compressor casing 1 is fixed to the turbine casing 2 by means of a plurality of pillars 6 and fixing plates 7a and 7b fixed to said casings 1 and 2.
- the shaft 3 comprises a free portion 8 between the two casings 1 and 2.
- the free portion 8 thus communicates with the outside of the turbocharger.
- the pillars 6 allow the passage of a flow of air from outside the turbocharger and circulating around the two casings 1 and 2 and along the free portion 8, the pillars 6 allowing a direct contact between the air flow and the free portion 8.
- the presence of this free portion 8 greatly reduces heat transfer by thermal conduction of the turbine casing to the compressor housing which are observed in the prior art when a central bearing housing is inserted between the two housings and is in contact therewith.
- the shaft 3 is advantageously supported by two bearings in bearing housings 9a and 9b.
- the bearing housing 9a is attached to the compressor housing through the attachment plate 7a while the bearing housing 9b is attached to the turbine housing through the attachment plate 7b.
- the bearings housed by the bearing housings 9a and 9b can be of any type provided that they are adapted to fulfill their role, namely to support and guide in rotation the shaft 3.
- the bearings can for example be smooth, rolling or leafy.
- the provision of a lubricant being generally required to ensure the proper functioning of a bearing, inlets and outlets (not shown) for lubricant drainage are advantageously drilled in the bearing housing 9a and 9b.
- seals are advantageously introduced into the bearing housings 9a and 9b.
- a lubricating oil conveyed to the turbocharger bearings is first used to lubricate other elements of the internal combustion engine, it is advantageous to provide a cooling system, such as a heat exchanger in the engine. lubricating oil distribution circuit upstream of the turbocharger, in order to minimize the temperature of this lubricating oil at its entry into the turbocharger. It is important to mention that the presence of two dwellings is not strictly necessary. Embodiments in which a single bearing housing is present are also conceivable.
- the single bearing housing may be the housing 9a or 9b or a bearing housing placed at a more intermediate position between the two housings 1 and 2.
- the free portion 8 of the shaft 3 of the turbocharger illustrated in FIG. . 1 comprises two blades 10 forming a helix around the shaft 3. These blades therefore constitute air deflection means actuated in rotation and able to generate an air flow 11 along the free portion 8 when the turbocharger is.
- the geometry of the blades 10 (not shown) is selected to generate a flow of air from the compressor housing to the turbine housing when the turbine and the compressor are rotated.
- a flow of air flowing in this direction makes it possible to ventilate optimally the compressor casing 1 by draining around it a flow of air at room temperature from outside the turbocharger, while pushing the hot air surrounding the turbine housing 2 and thus preventing it from coming to heat the compressor housing 1.
- the system according to the invention thus confers on the shaft which connects the compressor to the turbine a new function which is to serve as a rotary support for a fan draining a flow of air around the compressor casing 1.
- the turbocharger illustrated in Figure 1 advantageously comprises a protective shell 12, here shown transparent for clarity, although an opaque shell can of course be used.
- Such a shell 12 serves to protect access to the free portion 8 of the shaft 3, and in particular to the blades of 10 fixed to the shaft 3, which will rotate at a very high speed during operation of the turbocharger. When it covers the compressor casings 1 and turbine 2, the shell 12 also acts as a barrier to prevent direct contact between an operator and the housings, in particular the turbine casing which will have a very high temperature in operation .
- the protective shell 12 may be fixed on the fastening pillars 6 of the turbine casing to the compressor casing, or directly on the turbine casings and compressor, by means of fastening means such as slats 13.
- the turbocharger according to the invention can also be a variable geometry turbocharger, that is to say provided with a turbine adapted to regulate the flow of exhaust gas, thus adjusting the flow rate to optimize power of the turbine according to the load required.
- the turbocharger according to the invention may also comprise a plurality of compressors and / or turbines arranged sequentially.
- the turbocharger may for example comprise a central turbine connected to two compressors, one on each side thereof. A free portion 8 around which can circulate an air flow is then advantageously included on the shaft between the turbine and each of the two compressors.
- FIG. 2 shows in more detail an embodiment of the hull 12 which can be used with the turbocharger according to the invention.
- This shell 12 advantageously comprises a portion 14 to surround, at least partially, the compressor casing 1 and a portion 15 to surround, at least partially, the turbine casing 2.
- These two parts 14 and 15 are advantageously joined in a central region to surround the shaft 3 of the turbocharger and are connected by fastening means, such as fixing rods 16.
- Part 14 is advantageously a tubular part comprising an inlet opening 14a for the air flow 11 and an opening 14
- the portion 14 advantageously comprises a frustoconical portion 17.
- the frustoconical portion 17 is advantageously located between a distal cylindrical portion 18 with a small diameter and a proximal cylindrical portion 19 with a high diameter.
- Part 15 surrounding the turbine casing 2 is advantageously also a tubular part comprising an inlet hole 20 in which is inserted the distal portion 18 of the portion 14.
- the attachment means 16 advantageously comprise 4 rods connected to the frustoconical portion 17 of the portion 14 and the walls of the inlet hole 20 of the portion 15.
- the portion 15 also advantageously comprises an outlet hole 21 for the evacuation of the air flow 11.
- the distal portion 18 is advantageously inserted into the hole input 20 of the part 15 without contact therewith.
- the presence of a space between the distal portion 18 and the walls of the inlet hole 20 makes it possible to reduce heat transfer by conduction between the parts 14 and 15 of the protective shell 12.
- the part 15 at a higher temperature than the part 14, because of the heat transmitted to it by the turbine casing 2. It is therefore desirable to reduce the heat transfer between this part 15 and the part 14 to increase the performance of the turbocharger.
- a thermally insulating material may also be used to reduce transfers. thermally between the two parts 14 and 15.
- At least one of the parts 14 and 15 is advantageously made at least partially using a material for reducing the heat transfer by radiation, typically infrared, between the housing.
- a material for reducing the heat transfer by radiation typically infrared
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16198259.0A EP3321508A1 (fr) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | Turbocompresseur avec un arbre comprenant une portion libre |
PCT/EP2017/078820 WO2018087262A1 (fr) | 2016-11-10 | 2017-11-09 | Turbocompresseur avec un arbre comprenant une portion libre |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3538769A1 true EP3538769A1 (fr) | 2019-09-18 |
Family
ID=57394340
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16198259.0A Withdrawn EP3321508A1 (fr) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | Turbocompresseur avec un arbre comprenant une portion libre |
EP17801639.0A Withdrawn EP3538769A1 (fr) | 2016-11-10 | 2017-11-09 | Turbocompresseur avec un arbre comprenant une portion libre |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16198259.0A Withdrawn EP3321508A1 (fr) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | Turbocompresseur avec un arbre comprenant une portion libre |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20190323510A1 (fr) |
EP (2) | EP3321508A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2020500272A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN109983233A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018087262A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11174779B2 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2021-11-16 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Turbocharger system for a two-stroke engine |
US11828239B2 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2023-11-28 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Method and system for controlling a turbocharged two stroke engine based on boost error |
US11725573B2 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2023-08-15 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Two-passage exhaust system for an engine |
US20200182164A1 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-11 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Method And System For Predicting Trapped Air Mass In A Two-Stroke Engine |
US11639684B2 (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2023-05-02 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Exhaust gas bypass valve control for a turbocharger for a two-stroke engine |
CA3201948A1 (fr) | 2020-01-13 | 2021-07-13 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Systeme de turbocompresseur pour un moteur a deux temps ayant des modes surpresseurs a selectionner |
US11788432B2 (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2023-10-17 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Turbocharger lubrication system for a two-stroke engine |
US11434834B2 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2022-09-06 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Turbocharger system for a two-stroke engine having selectable boost modes |
CA3105244C (fr) | 2020-01-13 | 2023-12-12 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Circuit de lubrification de turbocompresseur pour un moteur a deux temps |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2042533A (en) * | 1933-11-20 | 1936-06-02 | Gen Electric | Rotary pump, blower, or compressor and the like |
US2213939A (en) * | 1937-06-26 | 1940-09-03 | Jendrassik George | Apparatus for gas turbines |
US3150820A (en) * | 1962-07-20 | 1964-09-29 | Worthington Corp | Turbine compressor unit |
US3740170A (en) * | 1971-04-23 | 1973-06-19 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Turbocharger cooling and lubricating system |
DE3642121A1 (de) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-23 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Antriebssystem |
CN2549235Y (zh) * | 2002-05-23 | 2003-05-07 | 张惠忠 | 煤气加压风机轴承冷却装置 |
CN101196349A (zh) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-11 | 何君 | 一种浮动轴承式高速电机驱动的空气循环机 |
US8784036B2 (en) | 2010-07-01 | 2014-07-22 | William E. Woollenweber | Air-cooled turbocharger with optional internal pressure relief valve |
DE202012011756U1 (de) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-01-30 | Borgwarner Inc. | Abgasturbolader |
US9003793B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2015-04-14 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Turbocharger assembly with compressed air cooled bearings |
US9926941B2 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2018-03-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger center housing |
-
2016
- 2016-11-10 EP EP16198259.0A patent/EP3321508A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-11-09 JP JP2019524944A patent/JP2020500272A/ja active Pending
- 2017-11-09 US US16/348,659 patent/US20190323510A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-11-09 CN CN201780071159.4A patent/CN109983233A/zh active Pending
- 2017-11-09 EP EP17801639.0A patent/EP3538769A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-11-09 WO PCT/EP2017/078820 patent/WO2018087262A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018087262A1 (fr) | 2018-05-17 |
JP2020500272A (ja) | 2020-01-09 |
CN109983233A (zh) | 2019-07-05 |
US20190323510A1 (en) | 2019-10-24 |
EP3321508A1 (fr) | 2018-05-16 |
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