EP3535791A1 - Unitary module for a battery pack, and battery pack - Google Patents

Unitary module for a battery pack, and battery pack

Info

Publication number
EP3535791A1
EP3535791A1 EP17808094.1A EP17808094A EP3535791A1 EP 3535791 A1 EP3535791 A1 EP 3535791A1 EP 17808094 A EP17808094 A EP 17808094A EP 3535791 A1 EP3535791 A1 EP 3535791A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery cells
battery pack
battery
heat pipe
module according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP17808094.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Walser
Bruno Fragniere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA filed Critical Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Publication of EP3535791A1 publication Critical patent/EP3535791A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery architecture for all types of application, including but not limited to vehicle, military or aeronautic applications, more specifically, the present invention relates to a unitary module comprising a plurality of battery cells, and a battery pack comprising several unit modules arranged in series and / or in parallel.
  • the issue of batteries has become major in the automotive industry. Indeed, the batteries must now provide a sufficient amount of energy to provide sufficient autonomy to vehicles, while having a lifetime that does not require frequent battery changes. In addition, the mass and size of the battery must be limited in terms of its effectiveness. Finally, it is useful that the batteries can function properly in all vehicle running situations, whether in terms of temperature, humidity, or other.
  • WO2014198778 discloses a battery pack for a motor vehicle comprising a set of battery cells and a cooling device comprising a heat pipe and a dissipation element comprising fins for dissipating the calories in the atmosphere. .
  • This battery pack can meet the needs expressed in the previous paragraph.
  • this battery pack has a particular architecture, with trailing fins trapezoidal shape, which does not allow its use in all systems.
  • the present invention aims to provide a solution for forming battery packs in a simple, flexible and ergonomic manner in terms of assembly.
  • the invention relates to a unitary module for battery pack, comprising a set of battery cells and at least one cooling device, the cooling device comprising a heat collection plate in contact with an external surface. at least one battery cell, a heat pipe in contact with the heat collection plate, and a heat sink element installed at one end of the heat pipe.
  • the unitary module is characterized in that it comprises
  • At least two stages of battery cells each stage being connected in series with the other stage, and each stage comprising at least two battery cells connected in parallel,
  • Means of mechanical and / or electrical and / or electronic cooperation with another unitary module Means of mechanical and / or electrical and / or electronic cooperation with another unitary module.
  • the invention also relates to a battery pack which will be described later.
  • the unit modules of the invention are intended to be installed with the heat pipe in vertical position, and the dissipation element located at the end of the pipe located furthest from the ground. Therefore, throughout the description, the terms “lower”, “upper”, “above”, “below” and “height” positioning will be used in view of this vertical positioning.
  • the heat dissipating element comprises a set of fins stacked on each other, so as to allow air to circulate between the fins. These fins are preferably of square shape, of a size not exceeding, or little, the section of a battery cell stage.
  • a unitary module according to the invention has the advantage, via the cooperation means and considerations of congestion taken into account, to allow easy arrangement with other unitary modules, to create a complete battery pack .
  • the sharing of the cooling function between several battery cells, via pooling of the heat pipe makes it possible to lower the cost of the battery pack, and also makes it possible to obtain a more uniform distribution of the temperature within the battery. a unitary module.
  • the mechanical holding means comprise an upper cover, made of an electrically insulating material, and having lobed-shaped contours, this cover being installed on the battery cells of the housing. highest floor.
  • the mechanical holding means comprise intermediate elements, made of an electrically insulating material, and having lobed-shaped contours, an intermediate element being installed between two stages of battery cells. .
  • the top cover and the spacer elements make it possible to ensure correct positioning and holding of the battery cells around the heat pipe.
  • the mechanical holding means comprise a nut screwed onto the lower end of the heat pipe to ensure clamping and vertical holding of the batteries.
  • the threading allowing this screwing is advantageously carried out on a nozzle attached to the lower end of the heat pipe.
  • the electrical connection means of the battery cells between them comprise power transmission means and current transmission means. These means are arranged so that the unitary module itself has a pole "+" and a pole "-". These electrical connection means include, for example, electrical connection wires. In this case, it is useful to provide protection elements of these son, to prevent them from being subjected to external aggression.
  • the unitary module further comprises an electronic card comprising means for managing the balancing of the batteries.
  • the electronic card associated with the aforementioned connection means, allows a voltage tap of each battery stage, and a battery balancing.
  • the mechanical cooperation means with another unitary module comprise a connecting element installed on the unitary module
  • the electrical cooperation means comprise connectors installed on the unitary module, these connectors respectively having "+" or "-" polarities or both polarities.
  • the joining means comprise a square plate of a format similar to the format of the fins of the dissipation element, so as not to change the size of a unitary module.
  • the cooling device comprises a second heat pipe. This embodiment will be described in detail using FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the invention also relates to a battery pack comprising at least two unit modules according to the invention. These modules can be connected in series and / or in parallel. Such a block will be described in detail using FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • a unitary module according to the invention is advantageous in that it represents a ready-to-use solution, which only requires an arrangement and some electrical and / or electronic connections to form a battery pack with a format and characteristics. desired.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first example of a unitary module for a battery pack according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5 show in detail certain elements of a unitary module as shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second example of a unitary module for a battery pack according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show an example of a battery pack according to the invention.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 there is shown a unitary module, comprising a cooling device itself comprising a heat pipe 1, heat collection plates 2, and a dissipation element 3 formed of brazed fins on the heat pipe 1.
  • the fins are made of aluminum, and covered with a thin layer of copper to allow brazing with the heat pipe.
  • the heat pipe, made of copper has a length of 420 mm, and an outside diameter of 9.5 mm.
  • the heat collection plates have a curved shape, intended to match the contour of a cylindrical battery cell. These plates are positioned on the heat pipe at locations determined according to the architecture desired for the unitary module. Like the fins, these collection plates are preferably made of aluminum, which has an advantage in terms of reducing the mass of the assembly.
  • the unitary module comprises five battery stages (E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5), each comprising four battery cells 4.
  • the four cells of one stage are connected in parallel, and the stages between them are connected in series.
  • the battery cells are preferably identical, for example type 18650, having a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65mm.
  • the unitary module thus formed comprising twenty battery cells, has the following characteristics:
  • the battery cells are of the type 21700, having a diameter of 21 mm and a length of 70 mm.
  • the unitary module also comprises mechanical resistance means and electrical connection means, which are shown in detail in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • the heat pipe 1 has, on its end 5, a threaded end, for receiving a clamping nut to ensure the vertical maintenance of the batteries on the heat pipe.
  • a flange 6 is installed on the heat pipe, between the dissipation element 3 and the stage El. This flange is intended to receive elements that allow junction and / or cooperation with other unit modules to form a battery pack according to the invention. The flange also acts as a mechanical stop at the time of vertical clamping.
  • the battery cells of the stage El are inserted into an upper cover as shown in Figure 3.
  • This cover is made of an electrically insulating material, for example plastic.
  • This cover has four lobes 8 to accommodate the ends of each of the battery cells and ensure proper positioning of the four cells together.
  • This upper cover 7 further comprises means for electrical connections of the battery cells, in the form of a metal sheet inserted by a slot 9 on the side of the upper cover, and which comes into contact with the poles of the four cells of the battery. batteries of the same level.
  • This metal sheet is extended by a tongue 10 which makes it possible to transmit the current collected at this stage downwards from the unitary module and the electronic card which will be subsequently described with the aid of FIG. 5. It is specified here that the tongue 10 is present over the entire height of the unitary module.
  • a unitary module further comprises intermediate elements, an example of which is shown in FIG. 4.
  • An intermediate element 13 is installed between two battery stages. Similar to the top cover, the spacer element is made of an electrically insulating material, for example plastic, and has four lobes to ensure proper positioning of the batteries relative to the heat pipe, and with respect to the battery cells of the batteries. other floors.
  • Such an interlayer advantageously has corrugated bulges 11 made of an electrically conductive material, having a certain elasticity. These bulges, which are in contact with the batteries of the upper stage, and the batteries of the lower stage, have several functions:
  • the interlayer also comprises a connection wire 12 connected to these metal bulges, which transmits information to the electronic card and ensure the balancing of the batteries, as will be described later.
  • the tabs 10 and the connection son 11 do not appear in Figure 1 showing a unitary module according to the invention.
  • the module further comprises plastic covers 14 clipped on the intermediate elements 13, and which protect the electrical connections.
  • the assembly of such a unitary module is then performed according to the following steps:
  • a junction piece 15, clipped onto the flange 6, is put on, allowing the subsequent junction with other unitary modules to form a battery pack,
  • the four battery cells of the stage E1 are then positioned in the upper cover,
  • An intermediate element 13 is then inserted as shown in FIG. 4, and the last two steps are repeated as many times as many battery stages are desired;
  • a tightening nut is installed on the threaded end located at the end of the heat pipe, and the assembly is mechanically tightened.
  • This lower support 20 made of an electrically insulating material, for example plastic, comprises lobes 21 for positioning the bottom of the battery cells of the last stage. It further comprises four connectors 22, installed on the four sides of the unitary module, and which will allow connection of the unitary module.
  • One of the connectors has the polarity "-" of the module, one of the connectors has the polarity "+” of the module, and the other two connectors, respectively located opposite each other, have the two polarities.
  • the support 20 also includes an electronic card that collects the information at the module level.
  • This electronic card comprises means for transmitting information to a central electronic unit, in the case of a battery pack comprising several modules.
  • This electronic card also makes it possible to manage the balancing of the different battery cells of the module, by taking the cells whose voltage is the highest energy, which will be dissipated at a resistance installed on the electronic card. The energy being dissipated at the lower end of the heat pipe, an evacuation of the calories towards the fins of the dissipation element is facilitated. By this means, it is also possible to consider heating the cells if necessary. Indeed, in some applications in which the battery pack is installed in a very cold environment, it is sometimes useful to heat the battery cells to improve startup. In this case, one could consider means to prevent air circulation in the fins of the dissipation device, not to lose the heat energy flowing in the heat pipe.
  • This module is characteristic in that it comprises two heat pipes. Indeed, in a module as described above, one may fear a loss of depression that reigns inside the heat pipe, which would lead to a malfunction of the pipe that could no longer allow to evacuate the calories collected to the element of heat dissipation. However, vertical heat conduction would be maintained along the heat pipe, but the removal of calories would be much less efficient and insufficient for most of the intended applications.
  • the module shown in Figures 6 and 7 comprises two heat pipes 30 and 31, on which are installed the heat collecting plates.
  • the sections of the heat pipes are not circular but oval, which makes it possible to optimize the arrangement of the battery cells. It is thus possible to have five battery cells per floor.
  • the heat pipes are preferably made of a material that has a very good thermal conductivity.
  • the calories dissipated by the batteries to be cooled which reach the non-functional heat pipe are transmitted by conduction to the functional heat pipe, to be evacuated to the dissipation element.
  • a unitary module as shown in Figures 6 and 7 comprises elements of mechanical strength, electrical connection ... similar to those described for the previous example.
  • the unitary modules described above may advantageously be arranged between them to form a complete battery pack.
  • the number of modules to be installed in series or in parallel depends on the characteristics desired for the complete block.
  • the use of unit modules according to the invention allows a large number of configurations, and thus allows to build battery packs that best match the desired applications.
  • the voltages of modules connected in series add up, and the module currents in parallel add up.
  • the number of modules connected in series will depend on the desired voltage level at a complete battery pack, and the number of modules connected in parallel will depend on the amount of energy to be in the block, or the current that the It will have to provide.
  • Figure 8 shows a top view, in section, of an arrangement of unit modules according to that of Figure 1, and Figure 9 shows an example of a complete battery pack.
  • the block of Figure 8 is composed of nine unit modules arranged as follows: the modules are connected in series three to three, and each set of three is connected in parallel to another series. It is specified here that the branch order is irrelevant, namely that one can connect in the modules in parallel three to three, then connect each series of three in series to another.
  • the module 40 we clearly see the four battery cells, and the four connectors 41, 42, 43 and 44 which have the polarities of the unitary module as previously described with the aid of FIG.
  • the unit modules For the arrangement to work, it is appropriate to install the unit modules by matching the poles so as to allow cooperation.
  • the "+" pole of a unitary module is connected to the "-" pole of another unitary module, and for the parallel installation, the connectors bearing the double polarity are placed side by side. identical connectors.
  • the complete battery pack as shown in Figure 9, is then advantageously installed in a box or other container to protect it from external aggressions (temperature, water, dust ).
  • the container must interface with the external system powered by the battery pack, including electrical connections or ventilation elements to allow cooling.

Abstract

The invention relates to a unitary module for a battery pack, said module including a set of battery cells and at least one cooling device, the cooling device comprising: a heat-collecting plate (2) making contact with an external surface of at least one battery cell (4); a heat pipe (1) making contact with the heat-collecting plate (2); and an element (3) for dissipating heat, which is installed at one end of the heat pipe (1). The invention also relates to a battery pack comprising a plurality of unitary modules according to the invention, said modules being connected in series and/or in parallel.

Description

Module unitaire pour bloc batterie, et bloc batterie  Unit module for battery pack, and battery pack
DOMAINE DE L'INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] La présente invention concerne une architecture batterie pour tous types d'application, notamment mais non exclusivement des applications véhicule, militaire ou aéronautique, Plus précisément, la présente invention concerne un module unitaire comportant plusieurs cellules de batterie, et un bloc batterie comportant plusieurs modules unitaires agencés en série et/ou en parallèle. The present invention relates to a battery architecture for all types of application, including but not limited to vehicle, military or aeronautic applications, more specifically, the present invention relates to a unitary module comprising a plurality of battery cells, and a battery pack comprising several unit modules arranged in series and / or in parallel.
[0002] Par exemple, avec le développement des véhicules électriques et des véhicules hybrides, la question des batteries est devenue majeure dans l'industrie automobile. En effet, les batteries doivent désormais fournir une quantité suffisante d'énergie pour offrir une autonomie suffisante aux véhicules, tout en ayant une durée de vie ne nécessitant pas des changements de batterie trop fréquents. En outre, la masse et l'encombrement de la batterie doivent être limités au regard de son efficacité. Enfin, il est utile que les batteries puissent fonctionner correctement dans toutes les situations de roulage du véhicule, que ce soit en termes de température, d'humidité, ou autres. [0002] For example, with the development of electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, the issue of batteries has become major in the automotive industry. Indeed, the batteries must now provide a sufficient amount of energy to provide sufficient autonomy to vehicles, while having a lifetime that does not require frequent battery changes. In addition, the mass and size of the battery must be limited in terms of its effectiveness. Finally, it is useful that the batteries can function properly in all vehicle running situations, whether in terms of temperature, humidity, or other.
[0003] On connaît, de la demande WO2014198778, un bloc batterie pour véhicule automobile comprenant un ensemble de cellules de batterie et un dispositif de refroidissement comprenant un tuyau de chaleur et un élément de dissipation comprenant des ailettes pour dissiper les calories dans l'atmosphère. Ce bloc batterie permet de répondre aux besoins exprimés au paragraphe précédent. Toutefois, ce bloc batterie présente une architecture particulière, avec des ailettes de dissipation de forme trapézoïdale, qui ne permet pas son utilisation dans tous les systèmes. WO2014198778 discloses a battery pack for a motor vehicle comprising a set of battery cells and a cooling device comprising a heat pipe and a dissipation element comprising fins for dissipating the calories in the atmosphere. . This battery pack can meet the needs expressed in the previous paragraph. However, this battery pack has a particular architecture, with trailing fins trapezoidal shape, which does not allow its use in all systems.
[0004] En outre, avec la multiplication des systèmes mettant en œuvre des batteries, non seulement dans le domaine des véhicules automobiles, mais également dans le domaine stationnaire, les architectures et caractéristiques des blocs batterie doivent pouvoir être ajustés au mieux en fonction des besoins de chaque application. In addition, with the multiplication of systems implementing batteries, not only in the field of motor vehicles, but also in the stationary field, the architectures and characteristics of the battery packs must be adjusted at best according to the needs of each application.
[0005] Ainsi, la présente invention vise à proposer une solution pour former des blocs batteries de manière simple, modulable et ergonomique en termes d'assemblage. BREVE DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTION Thus, the present invention aims to provide a solution for forming battery packs in a simple, flexible and ergonomic manner in terms of assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0006] A cet effet, l'invention concerne un module unitaire pour bloc batterie, comportant un ensemble de cellules de batterie et au moins un dispositif de refroidissement, le dispositif de refroidissement comprenant une plaque de collecte de chaleur en contact avec une surface externe d'au moins une cellule de batterie, un tuyau de chaleur en contact avec la plaque de collecte de chaleur, et un élément de dissipation de chaleur installée à une extrémité du tuyau de chaleur. Le module unitaire est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte For this purpose, the invention relates to a unitary module for battery pack, comprising a set of battery cells and at least one cooling device, the cooling device comprising a heat collection plate in contact with an external surface. at least one battery cell, a heat pipe in contact with the heat collection plate, and a heat sink element installed at one end of the heat pipe. The unitary module is characterized in that it comprises
Au moins deux étages de cellules de batterie, chaque étage étant branché en série de l'autre étage, et chaque étage comprenant au moins deux cellules de batterie connectées en parallèle, At least two stages of battery cells, each stage being connected in series with the other stage, and each stage comprising at least two battery cells connected in parallel,
Des moyens de tenue mécanique des cellules de batterie autour du dispositif de refroidissement, Means for mechanically holding the battery cells around the cooling device,
Des moyens de connexions électriques des cellules de batteries entre elles, Means for electrically connecting the battery cells together,
Des moyens de coopération mécanique et/ou électrique et/ou électronique avec un autre module unitaire. Means of mechanical and / or electrical and / or electronic cooperation with another unitary module.
[0007] L'invention concerne également un bloc batterie qui sera ultérieurement décrit. Les modules unitaires selon l'invention sont destinés à être installés avec le tuyau de chaleur en position verticale, et l'élément de dissipation situé à l'extrémité du tuyau située la plus loin du sol. Par conséquent, dans l'ensemble de la description, les termes de positionnement de type « inférieur », « supérieur », « au-dessus », « en-dessous » et les notions de hauteur, seront employés au vu de ce positionnement vertical. [0008] L'élément de dissipation de chaleur comprend un ensemble d'ailettes empilées les unes sur les autres, de manière à laisser l'air circuler entre les ailettes. Ces ailettes sont préférentiellement de forme carrée, d'une taille ne dépassant pas, ou peu, la section d'un étage de cellules de batterie. [0009] Ainsi, un module unitaire selon l'invention présente l'avantage, via les moyens de coopération et les considérations d'encombrement prises en compte, de permettre un arrangement facile avec d'autres modules unitaires, pour créer un bloc batterie complet. En outre, le partage de la fonction de refroidissement entre plusieurs cellules de batterie, via la mutualisation du tuyau de chaleur, permet de baisser le coût du bloc batterie, et permet également d'obtenir une distribution plus uniforme de la température au sein d'un module unitaire. The invention also relates to a battery pack which will be described later. The unit modules of the invention are intended to be installed with the heat pipe in vertical position, and the dissipation element located at the end of the pipe located furthest from the ground. Therefore, throughout the description, the terms "lower", "upper", "above", "below" and "height" positioning will be used in view of this vertical positioning. . The heat dissipating element comprises a set of fins stacked on each other, so as to allow air to circulate between the fins. These fins are preferably of square shape, of a size not exceeding, or little, the section of a battery cell stage. Thus, a unitary module according to the invention has the advantage, via the cooperation means and considerations of congestion taken into account, to allow easy arrangement with other unitary modules, to create a complete battery pack . In addition, the sharing of the cooling function between several battery cells, via pooling of the heat pipe, makes it possible to lower the cost of the battery pack, and also makes it possible to obtain a more uniform distribution of the temperature within the battery. a unitary module.
[0010] Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, les moyens de tenue mécanique comprennent un couvercle supérieur, réalisé en un matériau électriquement isolant, et présentant des contours de forme lobée, ce couvercle étant installé sur les cellules de batterie de l'étage le plus élevé. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mechanical holding means comprise an upper cover, made of an electrically insulating material, and having lobed-shaped contours, this cover being installed on the battery cells of the housing. highest floor.
[0011] Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention les moyens de tenue mécanique comprennent des éléments intercalaires, réalisés en un matériau électriquement isolant, et présentant des contours de forme lobée, un élément intercalaire étant installé entre deux étages de cellules de batterie. [0012] Le couvercle supérieur et les éléments intercalaires permettent de garantir un positionnement correct et un maintien des cellules de batterie autour du tuyau de chaleur. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mechanical holding means comprise intermediate elements, made of an electrically insulating material, and having lobed-shaped contours, an intermediate element being installed between two stages of battery cells. . The top cover and the spacer elements make it possible to ensure correct positioning and holding of the battery cells around the heat pipe.
[0013] Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, les moyens de tenue mécanique comprennent un écrou vissé sur l'extrémité inférieure du tuyau de chaleur afin d'assurer un serrage et un maintien vertical des batteries. Le filetage permettant ce vissage est avantageusement réalisé sur un embout fixé sur l'extrémité inférieure du tuyau de chaleur. In another embodiment, the mechanical holding means comprise a nut screwed onto the lower end of the heat pipe to ensure clamping and vertical holding of the batteries. The threading allowing this screwing is advantageously carried out on a nozzle attached to the lower end of the heat pipe.
[0014] Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, les moyens de connexion électrique des cellules de batterie entre elles comprennent des moyens de transmission de puissance et des moyens de transmission de courant. Ces moyens sont agencés de sorte à ce que le module unitaire présente lui-même un pôle «+» et un pôle «-». Ces moyens de connexion électrique comprennent, par exemple, des fils électrique de connexion. Dans ce cas, il est utile de prévoir des éléments de protection de ces fils, pour éviter qu'ils ne soient soumis à des agressions extérieures. In another embodiment, the electrical connection means of the battery cells between them comprise power transmission means and current transmission means. These means are arranged so that the unitary module itself has a pole "+" and a pole "-". These electrical connection means include, for example, electrical connection wires. In this case, it is useful to provide protection elements of these son, to prevent them from being subjected to external aggression.
[0015] Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, le module unitaire comprend en outre une carte électronique comprenant des moyens de gestion de l'équilibrage des batteries. La carte électronique, associée aux moyens de connexion précédemment mentionnés, permet une prise de tension de chaque étage de batteries, et un équilibrage de batterie. Ces éléments seront ultérieurement détaillés dans la description d'un mode de réalisation. In another embodiment, the unitary module further comprises an electronic card comprising means for managing the balancing of the batteries. The electronic card, associated with the aforementioned connection means, allows a voltage tap of each battery stage, and a battery balancing. These elements will be further detailed in the description of an embodiment.
[0016] Dans un exemple de réalisation, les moyens de coopération mécanique avec un autre module unitaire comprennent un élément de jonction installé sur le module unitaire, et les moyens de coopération électrique comprennent des connecteurs installés sur le module unitaire, ces connecteurs présentant respectivement des polarités « + » ou « - » ou les deux polarités. De manière préférentielle, les moyens de jonction comportent une plaque carrée d'un format similaire au format des ailettes de l'élément de dissipation, pour ne pas modifier P encombrement d'un module unitaire. In an exemplary embodiment, the mechanical cooperation means with another unitary module comprise a connecting element installed on the unitary module, and the electrical cooperation means comprise connectors installed on the unitary module, these connectors respectively having "+" or "-" polarities or both polarities. Preferably, the joining means comprise a square plate of a format similar to the format of the fins of the dissipation element, so as not to change the size of a unitary module.
[0017] Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le dispositif de refroidissement comprend un second tuyau de chaleur. Ce mode de réalisation sera décrit en détail à l'aide des figures 6 et 7. In another embodiment, the cooling device comprises a second heat pipe. This embodiment will be described in detail using FIGS. 6 and 7.
[0018] L'invention concerne également un bloc batterie comprenant au moins deux modules unitaires selon l'invention. Ces modules peuvent être connectés en série et/ou en parallèle. Un tel bloc sera décrit en détail à l'aide des figures 8 et 9. The invention also relates to a battery pack comprising at least two unit modules according to the invention. These modules can be connected in series and / or in parallel. Such a block will be described in detail using FIGS. 8 and 9.
[0019] Un module unitaire selon l'invention est avantageux en ce qu'il représente une solution prête à l'emploi, qui nécessite uniquement un agencement et quelques branchements électriques et/ou électroniques pour former un bloc batterie avec un format et des caractéristiques souhaitées. BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES A unitary module according to the invention is advantageous in that it represents a ready-to-use solution, which only requires an arrangement and some electrical and / or electronic connections to form a battery pack with a format and characteristics. desired. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0020] D'autres objectifs et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront clairement dans la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation préféré mais non limitatif, illustré par les figures suivantes dans lesquelles : Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred but nonlimiting embodiment, illustrated by the following figures in which:
• la figure 1 montre un premier exemple de module unitaire pour bloc batterie selon l'invention, FIG. 1 shows a first example of a unitary module for a battery pack according to the invention,
• les figures 2, 3, 4 et 5 montrent en détail certains éléments d'un module unitaire tel que montré en figure 1 , FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5 show in detail certain elements of a unitary module as shown in FIG.
• les figures 6 et 7 montrent un deuxième exemple de module unitaire pour bloc batterie selon l'invention, et FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second example of a unitary module for a battery pack according to the invention, and
• les figures 8 et 9 montrent un exemple de bloc batterie selon l'invention.  FIGS. 8 and 9 show an example of a battery pack according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION DU MEILLEUR MODE DE REALISATION DE L'INVENTION DESCRIPTION OF THE BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0021] Aux figure 1 et 2, on voit un module unitaire, comprenant un dispositif de refroidissement lui-même comprenant un tuyau de chaleur 1 , des plaques de collecte de chaleur 2, et un élément de dissipation 3 formé d'ailettes brasées sur le tuyau de chaleur 1. Les ailettes sont réalisées en aluminium, et recouvertes d'une fine couche de cuivre pour permettre le brasage avec le tuyau de chaleur. Le tuyau de chaleur, réalisé en cuivre, présente une longueur de 420 mm, et un diamètre extérieur 9.5mm. In Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a unitary module, comprising a cooling device itself comprising a heat pipe 1, heat collection plates 2, and a dissipation element 3 formed of brazed fins on the heat pipe 1. The fins are made of aluminum, and covered with a thin layer of copper to allow brazing with the heat pipe. The heat pipe, made of copper, has a length of 420 mm, and an outside diameter of 9.5 mm.
[0022] Les plaques de collecte de chaleur présentent une forme bombée, destinée à épouser le contour d'une cellule de batterie cylindrique. Ces plaques sont positionnées sur le tuyau de chaleur, à des emplacements déterminés en fonction de l'architecture souhaitée pour le module unitaire. Tout comme les ailettes, ces plaques de collecte sont préférentiellement réalisées en aluminium, ce qui présente un avantage en termes de réduction de la masse de l'ensemble. The heat collection plates have a curved shape, intended to match the contour of a cylindrical battery cell. These plates are positioned on the heat pipe at locations determined according to the architecture desired for the unitary module. Like the fins, these collection plates are preferably made of aluminum, which has an advantage in terms of reducing the mass of the assembly.
[0023] Ainsi, dans l'exemple de la figure 1, le module unitaire comprend cinq étages de batteries (El, E2, E3, E4 et E5), comprenant chacun quatre cellules de batteries 4. Les quatre cellules d'un étage sont connectées en parallèle, et les étages entre eux sont connectés en série. [0024] Les cellules de batterie sont préférentiellement identiques, par exemple du type 18650, présentant un diamètre de 18 mm et une longueur de 65mm. Le module unitaire ainsi formé, comprenant vingt cellules de batterie, présente les caractéristiques suivantes : Thus, in the example of FIG. 1, the unitary module comprises five battery stages (E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5), each comprising four battery cells 4. The four cells of one stage are connected in parallel, and the stages between them are connected in series. The battery cells are preferably identical, for example type 18650, having a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65mm. The unitary module thus formed, comprising twenty battery cells, has the following characteristics:
Une tension nominale de 18 volts, - Une énergie de 250 Wh A nominal voltage of 18 volts, - An energy of 250 Wh
Une puissance électrique maximale en continu de 500W, Maximum continuous electrical power of 500W,
Des pertes joules à dissiper par le dispositif de refroidissement de 40 W. Losses joules to dissipate by the cooling device of 40 W.
[0025] Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, les cellules de batterie sont du type 21700, présentant un diamètre de 21 mm et une longueur de 70mm. L'utilisation de ce type de cellules, plus grandes, permet d'augmenter la capacité d'un bloc batterie de près de 45%, à nombre de connexions électriques constant. In another exemplary embodiment, the battery cells are of the type 21700, having a diameter of 21 mm and a length of 70 mm. The use of this type of cells, larger, increases the capacity of a battery pack by nearly 45%, with a constant number of electrical connections.
[0026] Le module unitaire comprend également des moyens de tenue mécanique et des moyens de connexions électriques, qui sont montrés en détail sur les figures 2 à 5. The unitary module also comprises mechanical resistance means and electrical connection means, which are shown in detail in FIGS. 2 to 5.
[0027] Ainsi, le tuyau de chaleur 1 présente, sur son extrémité 5, un embout avec filetage, permettant de recevoir un écrou de serrage pour assurer le maintien vertical des batteries sur le caloduc. En outre, une collerette 6 est installée sur le tuyau de chaleur, entre l'élément de dissipation 3 et l'étage El . Cette collerette est destinée à recevoir des éléments qui permettent la jonction et/ou la coopération avec d'autres modules unitaires pour former un bloc batterie selon l'invention. La collerette joue également un rôle de butée mécanique au moment du serrage vertical. Thus, the heat pipe 1 has, on its end 5, a threaded end, for receiving a clamping nut to ensure the vertical maintenance of the batteries on the heat pipe. In addition, a flange 6 is installed on the heat pipe, between the dissipation element 3 and the stage El. This flange is intended to receive elements that allow junction and / or cooperation with other unit modules to form a battery pack according to the invention. The flange also acts as a mechanical stop at the time of vertical clamping.
[0028] Les cellules de batterie de l'étage El sont insérés dans un couvercle supérieur tel que montré en figure 3. Ce couvercle est réalisé en un matériau isolant électriquement, par exemple du plastique. Ce couvercle présente quatre lobes 8 permettant d'accueillir les extrémités de chacune des cellules de batterie et de garantir un positionnement correct des quatre cellules entre elles. [0029] Ce couvercle supérieur 7 comprend en outre des moyens de connexions électriques des cellules de batterie, sous forme d'une tôle métallique insérée par une fente 9 sur le côté du couvercle supérieur, et qui vient au contact des pôles des quatre cellules de batteries du même niveau. Cette tôle métallique est prolongée par une languette 10 qui permet de transmettre le courant collecté à cet étage vers le bas du module unitaire et la carte électronique qui sera ultérieurement décrite à l'aide de la figure 5. On précise ici que la languette 10 est présente sur toute la hauteur du module unitaire. The battery cells of the stage El are inserted into an upper cover as shown in Figure 3. This cover is made of an electrically insulating material, for example plastic. This cover has four lobes 8 to accommodate the ends of each of the battery cells and ensure proper positioning of the four cells together. This upper cover 7 further comprises means for electrical connections of the battery cells, in the form of a metal sheet inserted by a slot 9 on the side of the upper cover, and which comes into contact with the poles of the four cells of the battery. batteries of the same level. This metal sheet is extended by a tongue 10 which makes it possible to transmit the current collected at this stage downwards from the unitary module and the electronic card which will be subsequently described with the aid of FIG. 5. It is specified here that the tongue 10 is present over the entire height of the unitary module.
[0030] Un module unitaire comprend en outre des éléments intercalaires dont un exemple est montré en figure 4. Un élément intercalaire 13 est installé entre deux étages de batteries. De manière similaire au couvercle supérieur, l'élément intercalaire est réalisé en un matériau électriquement isolant, par exemple du plastique, et présente quatre lobes pour assurer le bon positionnement des batteries par rapport au tuyau de chaleur, et par rapport aux cellules de batterie des autres étages. A unitary module further comprises intermediate elements, an example of which is shown in FIG. 4. An intermediate element 13 is installed between two battery stages. Similar to the top cover, the spacer element is made of an electrically insulating material, for example plastic, and has four lobes to ensure proper positioning of the batteries relative to the heat pipe, and with respect to the battery cells of the batteries. other floors.
[0031] Un tel intercalaire présente avantageusement des renflements ondulés 11 réalisés en un matériau électriquement conducteur, présentant une certaine élasticité. Ces renflements, qui sont en contact avec les batteries de l'étage supérieur, et les batteries de l'étage inférieur, ont plusieurs fonctions : Such an interlayer advantageously has corrugated bulges 11 made of an electrically conductive material, having a certain elasticity. These bulges, which are in contact with the batteries of the upper stage, and the batteries of the lower stage, have several functions:
Ils permettent d'exercer une légère précontrainte sur les cellules de batteries installés dans cet élément intercalaire. - Ils permettent de compenser certaines différences de dilatation ou de deux entres les différents étages de batteries et le tuyau de chaleur 1, et They allow to exercise a slight prestress on the battery cells installed in this intermediate element. - They make it possible to compensate for certain differences of expansion or two between the different stages of batteries and the heat pipe 1, and
Ils permettent de connecter les pôles des cellules de batteries entre eux. They make it possible to connect the poles of the battery cells to each other.
[0032] L'intercalaire comprend également un fil de connexion 12 relié à ces renflements métalliques, qui permet de transmettre des informations à la carte électronique et d'assurer l'équilibrage des batteries, comme sera ultérieurement décrit. The interlayer also comprises a connection wire 12 connected to these metal bulges, which transmits information to the electronic card and ensure the balancing of the batteries, as will be described later.
[0033] On constate que les languettes 10 et les fils de connexion 11 n'apparaissent pas sur la figure 1 montrant un module unitaire selon l'invention. En effet, le module comprend en outre des couvercles plastiques 14 clipsés sur les éléments intercalaires 13, et qui permettent de protéger les connexions électriques. [0034] Le montage d'un tel module unitaire est alors réalisé selon les étapes suivantes : It is found that the tabs 10 and the connection son 11 do not appear in Figure 1 showing a unitary module according to the invention. Indeed, the module further comprises plastic covers 14 clipped on the intermediate elements 13, and which protect the electrical connections. The assembly of such a unitary module is then performed according to the following steps:
On enfile d'abord, sur le tuyau de chaleur, une pièce de jonction 15, clipsée sur la collerette 6, et permettant la jonction ultérieure avec d'autres modules unitaires pour former un bloc batterie, Firstly, on the heat pipe, a junction piece 15, clipped onto the flange 6, is put on, allowing the subsequent junction with other unitary modules to form a battery pack,
On enfile ensuite un couvercle supérieur 7 tel que montré en figure 3, jusqu'à se trouver en butée sur la pièce de jonction 15, An upper cover 7 is then threaded as shown in FIG. 3, until it stops on the joining piece 15.
On positionne ensuite, dans le couvercle supérieur, les quatre cellules de batterie de l'étage El, The four battery cells of the stage E1 are then positioned in the upper cover,
On enfile ensuite un élément intercalaire 13 tel que montré en figure 4, et on répète les deux dernières étapes autant de fois que l'on souhaite d'étages de batteries ; An intermediate element 13 is then inserted as shown in FIG. 4, and the last two steps are repeated as many times as many battery stages are desired;
Après la mise en place des cellules du dernier étage, on installe le support inférieur 20 qui va maintenant être décrit à l'aide de la figure 5, After placing the cells of the last stage, the lower support 20 is installed, which will now be described using FIG. 5.
Enfin, on installe un écrou de serrage sur l'embout fileté situé à l'extrémité du tuyau de chaleur, et on effectue un serrage mécanique de l'ensemble. Finally, a tightening nut is installed on the threaded end located at the end of the heat pipe, and the assembly is mechanically tightened.
[0035] Ce support inférieur 20, réalisé en un matériau électriquement isolant, par exemple du plastique, comprend des lobes 21 permettant le positionnement du bas des cellules de batterie du dernier étage. Il comprend en outre quatre connecteurs 22, installés sur les quatre côtés du module unitaire, et qui permettront une connexion du module unitaire. This lower support 20, made of an electrically insulating material, for example plastic, comprises lobes 21 for positioning the bottom of the battery cells of the last stage. It further comprises four connectors 22, installed on the four sides of the unitary module, and which will allow connection of the unitary module.
[0036] Un des connecteurs présente la polarité « - » du module, un des connecteurs présente la polarité « + » du module, et les deux autres connecteurs, situés respectivement l'un en face de l'autre, présentent les deux polarités. One of the connectors has the polarity "-" of the module, one of the connectors has the polarity "+" of the module, and the other two connectors, respectively located opposite each other, have the two polarities.
[0037] Le support 20 comprend également une carte électronique qui collecte les informations au niveau du module. Cette carte électronique comprend des moyens de transmission des informations à une électronique centrale, dans le cas d'un bloc batterie comprenant plusieurs modules. Cette carte électronique permet également de gérer l'équilibrage des différentes cellules de batteries du module, en prélevant aux cellules dont la tension est la plus haute de l'énergie, qui sera dissipée au niveau d'une résistance installée sur cette carte électronique. L'énergie étant dissipée à l'extrémité inférieure du tuyau de chaleur, une évacuation des calories vers les ailettes de l'élément de dissipation est facilitée. Par ce moyen, on peut également envisager le chauffage des cellules si besoin. En effet, dans certaines applications dans lesquelles le bloc batterie est installé dans un environnement très froid, il est parfois utile de chauffer les cellules de batterie pour améliorer le démarrage. Dans ce cas, on pourrait envisager des moyens pour empêcher la circulation d'air dans les ailettes du dispositif de dissipation, pour ne pas perdre l'énergie calorifique circulant dans le tuyau de chaleur. The support 20 also includes an electronic card that collects the information at the module level. This electronic card comprises means for transmitting information to a central electronic unit, in the case of a battery pack comprising several modules. This electronic card also makes it possible to manage the balancing of the different battery cells of the module, by taking the cells whose voltage is the highest energy, which will be dissipated at a resistance installed on the electronic card. The energy being dissipated at the lower end of the heat pipe, an evacuation of the calories towards the fins of the dissipation element is facilitated. By this means, it is also possible to consider heating the cells if necessary. Indeed, in some applications in which the battery pack is installed in a very cold environment, it is sometimes useful to heat the battery cells to improve startup. In this case, one could consider means to prevent air circulation in the fins of the dissipation device, not to lose the heat energy flowing in the heat pipe.
[0038] Un autre exemple de module unitaire va maintenant être décrit en s 'appuyant sur les figures 6 et 7. Ce module est caractéristique en ce qu'il comporte deux tuyaux de chaleur. En effet, dans un module tel que décrit précédemment, on peut craindre une perte de la dépression qui règne à l'intérieur du tuyau de chaleur, ce qui conduirait à un dysfonctionnement du tuyau qui ne pourrait plus permettre d'évacuer les calories collectées vers l'élément de dissipation de chaleur. On conserverait toutefois une conduction de chaleur verticale le long du tuyau de chaleur, mais l'évacuation des calories serait bien moins efficace, et insuffisante pour la plupart des applications envisagées. Another example of a unitary module will now be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. This module is characteristic in that it comprises two heat pipes. Indeed, in a module as described above, one may fear a loss of depression that reigns inside the heat pipe, which would lead to a malfunction of the pipe that could no longer allow to evacuate the calories collected to the element of heat dissipation. However, vertical heat conduction would be maintained along the heat pipe, but the removal of calories would be much less efficient and insufficient for most of the intended applications.
[0039] Pour remédier à cet inconvénient, dans cet exemple, on met en place une redondance au niveau de l'évacuation thermique. Ainsi, le module montré aux figures 6 et 7 comporte deux tuyaux de chaleur 30 et 31, sur lesquelles sont installées les plaques collectrices de chaleur. Dans cet exemple, les sections des tuyaux de chaleur ne sont pas circulaires mais ovales, ce qui permet d'optimiser l'arrangement des cellules de batteries. On peut ainsi disposer cinq cellules de batterie par étage. To overcome this disadvantage, in this example, we put in place a redundancy in the thermal discharge. Thus, the module shown in Figures 6 and 7 comprises two heat pipes 30 and 31, on which are installed the heat collecting plates. In this example, the sections of the heat pipes are not circular but oval, which makes it possible to optimize the arrangement of the battery cells. It is thus possible to have five battery cells per floor.
[0040] Les tuyaux de chaleur sont préférentiellement réalisés en un matériau qui présente une très bonne conductivité thermique. Ainsi, en cas de dysfonctionnement d'un des tuyaux de chaleur, par perte de dépression, les calories dissipées par les batteries à refroidir qui atteignent le tuyau de chaleur non fonctionnel sont transmises par conduction au tuyau de chaleur fonctionnel, pour être évacuées vers l'élément de dissipation. The heat pipes are preferably made of a material that has a very good thermal conductivity. Thus, in the event of a malfunction of one of the heat pipes, by loss of depression, the calories dissipated by the batteries to be cooled which reach the non-functional heat pipe are transmitted by conduction to the functional heat pipe, to be evacuated to the dissipation element.
[0041] On précise ici que, bien que non représentés, un module unitaire tel que montré en figures 6 et 7 comprend des éléments de tenue mécanique, de connexion électrique ... similaires à ceux décrits pour l'exemple précédent. [0042] Les modules unitaires décrits précédemment peuvent avantageusement être agencés entre eux pour former un bloc batterie complet. Le nombre de modules à installer en série ou en parallèle dépend des caractéristiques souhaitées pour le bloc complet. L'utilisation de modules unitaires selon l'invention permet un grand nombre de configurations, et permet ainsi de construire des blocs batterie correspondant au mieux aux applications souhaitées. It is specified here that, although not shown, a unitary module as shown in Figures 6 and 7 comprises elements of mechanical strength, electrical connection ... similar to those described for the previous example. The unitary modules described above may advantageously be arranged between them to form a complete battery pack. The number of modules to be installed in series or in parallel depends on the characteristics desired for the complete block. The use of unit modules according to the invention allows a large number of configurations, and thus allows to build battery packs that best match the desired applications.
[0043] En effet, les tensions de modules connectés en série s'additionnent, et les courants de module en parallèle s'additionnent. Ainsi, le nombre de modules connectés en série dépendra du niveau de tension voulu au niveau d'un bloc batterie complet, et le nombre de modules connectés en parallèle dépendra de la quantité d'énergie à avoir dans le bloc, ou au courant que celui-ci devra fournir. Indeed, the voltages of modules connected in series add up, and the module currents in parallel add up. Thus, the number of modules connected in series will depend on the desired voltage level at a complete battery pack, and the number of modules connected in parallel will depend on the amount of energy to be in the block, or the current that the It will have to provide.
[0044] La figure 8 montre une vue de dessus, en coupe, d'un agencement de modules unitaires conformes à celui de la figure 1, et la figure 9 montre un exemple de bloc batterie complet. Figure 8 shows a top view, in section, of an arrangement of unit modules according to that of Figure 1, and Figure 9 shows an example of a complete battery pack.
[0045] Le bloc de la figure 8 est composé de neuf modules unitaires agencés de la façon suivante : les modules sont connectés en série trois à trois, et chaque série de trois est connectée en parallèle à une autre série. On précise ici que l'ordre de branchement est indifférent, à savoir que l'on peut connecter dans les modules en parallèle trois à trois, puis connecter chaque série de trois en série à une autre. Sur le module 40, on voit clairement les quatre cellules de batterie, et les quatre connecteurs 41, 42, 43 et 44 qui présentent les polarités du module unitaire tel que précédemment décrit à l'aide de la figure 5. The block of Figure 8 is composed of nine unit modules arranged as follows: the modules are connected in series three to three, and each set of three is connected in parallel to another series. It is specified here that the branch order is irrelevant, namely that one can connect in the modules in parallel three to three, then connect each series of three in series to another. On the module 40, we clearly see the four battery cells, and the four connectors 41, 42, 43 and 44 which have the polarities of the unitary module as previously described with the aid of FIG.
[0046] Pour que l'agencement fonctionne, il convient d'installer les modules unitaires en faisant correspondre les pôles de manière à permettre la coopération. Ainsi, pour une installation en série, le pôle « + » d'un module unitaire est connecté au pôle « - » d'un autre module unitaire, et pour l'installation en parallèle, les connecteurs portant la double polarité sont mis en regard de connecteurs identiques. For the arrangement to work, it is appropriate to install the unit modules by matching the poles so as to allow cooperation. Thus, for a series installation, the "+" pole of a unitary module is connected to the "-" pole of another unitary module, and for the parallel installation, the connectors bearing the double polarity are placed side by side. identical connectors.
[0047] Le bloc batterie complet, tel que montré en figure 9, est ensuite avantageusement installé dans une caisse ou autre contenant pour le protéger des agressions extérieures (température, eau, poussière ...). Le contenant doit servir d'interface avec le système extérieur alimenté par le bloc batterie, et comprend notamment des connexions électriques ou encore des éléments de ventilation pour permettre le refroidissement. The complete battery pack, as shown in Figure 9, is then advantageously installed in a box or other container to protect it from external aggressions (temperature, water, dust ...). The container must interface with the external system powered by the battery pack, including electrical connections or ventilation elements to allow cooling.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Module unitaire pour bloc batterie, comportant un ensemble de cellules de batterie et au moins un dispositif de refroidissement, A unitary module for a battery pack comprising a set of battery cells and at least one cooling device,
le dispositif de refroidissement comprenant une plaque de collecte de chaleur en contact avec une surface externe d'au moins une cellule de batterie, un tuyau de chaleur en contact avec la plaque de collecte de chaleur, et un élément de dissipation de chaleur (3) installé à une extrémité du tuyau de chaleur,  the cooling device comprising a heat collecting plate in contact with an outer surface of at least one battery cell, a heat pipe in contact with the heat collecting plate, and a heat dissipating element (3) installed at one end of the heat pipe,
le module unitaire étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte  the unitary module being characterized in that it comprises
• Au moins deux étages (El, E2) de cellules de batterie (4), chaque étage (El) étant branché en série de l'autre étage (E2), et chaque étage comprenant au moins deux cellules de batterie connectées en parallèle,  At least two stages (E1, E2) of battery cells (4), each stage (E1) being connected in series with the other stage (E2), and each stage comprising at least two battery cells connected in parallel,
• Des moyens de tenue mécanique (7, 13) des cellules de batterie autour du dispositif de refroidissement,  • Means of mechanical resistance (7, 13) of the battery cells around the cooling device,
• Des moyens de connexions électriques (10) des cellules de batteries entre elles, • means of electrical connections (10) of the battery cells to each other,
• Des moyens de coopération mécanique (15) et/ou électrique et/ou électronique avec un autre module unitaire. 2. Module unitaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de tenue mécanique comprennent un couvercle supérieur, réalisé en un matériau électriquement isolant, et présentant des contours de forme lobée, ce couvercle étant installé sur les cellules de batterie de l'étage le plus élevé. 3. Module unitaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les moyens de tenue mécanique comprennent en outre des éléments intercalaires, réalisés en un matériau électriquement isolant, et présentant des contours de forme lobée, un élément intercalaire étant installé entre deux étages de cellules de batterie. 4. Module unitaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de tenue mécanique comprennent un écrou vissé sur l'extrémité inférieure du tuyau de chaleur. Module unitaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de connexion électrique des cellules de batterie entre elles comprennent des moyens de transmission de puissance et des moyens de transmission de courant. • Means of mechanical cooperation (15) and / or electrical and / or electronic with another unitary module. 2. Unit module according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical resistance means comprise an upper cover, made of an electrically insulating material, and having lobed shape contours, this cover being installed on the battery cells of the highest floor. 3. Unit module according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the mechanical resistance means further comprise intermediate elements, made of an electrically insulating material, and having lobed shape contours, an intermediate element being installed between two floors of battery cells. 4. Unit module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical holding means comprise a nut screwed on the lower end of the heat pipe. Unit module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical connection means of the battery cells between them comprise power transmission means and current transmission means.
Module unitaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une carte électronique comprenant des moyens de gestion de l'équilibrage des batteries. Unit module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises an electronic card comprising means for managing the balancing of the batteries.
7. Module unitaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de coopération mécanique avec un autre module unitaire comprennent un élément de jonction installé sur le module unitaire. Unit module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical cooperation means with another unitary module comprise a connecting element installed on the unitary module.
8. Module unitaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de coopération électrique comprennent des connecteurs installés sur le module unitaire, ces connecteurs présentant respectivement des polarités « + » ou « - » ou les deux polarités. 8. Unit module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical cooperation means comprise connectors installed on the unitary module, these connectors having respectively polarities "+" or "-" or both polarities.
9. Module unitaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de refroidissement comprend un second tuyau de chaleur. 10. Bloc batterie comprenant au moins deux modules unitaires selon l'une des revendications précédentes, connectés en série. 9. Unit module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling device comprises a second heat pipe. 10. Battery pack comprising at least two unit modules according to one of the preceding claims, connected in series.
11. Bloc batterie comprenant au moins deux modules unitaires selon l'une des revendications précédentes, connectés en parallèle. 11. Battery pack comprising at least two unit modules according to one of the preceding claims, connected in parallel.
12. Bloc batterie comprenant un agencement de modules unitaires connectés en série et en parallèle. 12. Battery pack comprising an arrangement of unit modules connected in series and in parallel.
EP17808094.1A 2016-11-07 2017-11-07 Unitary module for a battery pack, and battery pack Pending EP3535791A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1660727A FR3058576A1 (en) 2016-11-07 2016-11-07 UNIT MODULE FOR BATTERY PACK, AND BATTERY PACK
PCT/FR2017/053033 WO2018083431A1 (en) 2016-11-07 2017-11-07 Unitary module for a battery pack, and battery pack

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3535791A1 true EP3535791A1 (en) 2019-09-11

Family

ID=58609463

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17808094.1A Pending EP3535791A1 (en) 2016-11-07 2017-11-07 Unitary module for a battery pack, and battery pack

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3535791A1 (en)
CN (1) CN109891622A (en)
FR (1) FR3058576A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2018083431A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT521295B1 (en) * 2018-06-12 2020-02-15 Miba Ag accumulator
FR3098999B1 (en) * 2019-07-18 2021-12-17 Michelin & Cie BATTERY HOLDER FOR STAGE BATTERY PACKS

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101180749B (en) * 2005-05-23 2011-04-13 松下电器产业株式会社 Battery module and its manufacturing method
EP2006934A4 (en) * 2006-03-20 2014-05-28 Citic Guoan Mengguli New Energy Technology Co Ltd A soft package lithium ion power battery module
JP2009152440A (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-09 Calsonic Kansei Corp Temperature regulator for heating element
US20090263708A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-22 Josh Bender System and method of integrated thermal management for a multi-cell battery pack
CN101950823A (en) * 2010-09-15 2011-01-19 赛恩斯能源科技有限公司 Battery pack with temperature control device
JP5757502B2 (en) * 2011-09-27 2015-07-29 古河電気工業株式会社 Battery temperature control unit and battery temperature control device
FR3007211A1 (en) * 2013-06-13 2014-12-19 Michelin & Cie BATTERY PACK FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
DE102013220174A1 (en) * 2013-10-07 2015-04-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery module and battery pack
US9923252B2 (en) * 2014-12-17 2018-03-20 X Development Llc Battery pack with variable-conductance heat pipe (VCHP) cooling
CN204732466U (en) * 2015-05-08 2015-10-28 余正明 A kind of battery connecting piece and battery connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3058576A1 (en) 2018-05-11
WO2018083431A1 (en) 2018-05-11
CN109891622A (en) 2019-06-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3014676B1 (en) Strip of electrochemical cells for the production of a battery module for an electric or hybrid vehicle, and method for the production of such a module
EP1925055B1 (en) Compact electric power supply device for a motor vehicle
EP2599143A1 (en) Battery, the design and assembly of which are simple
EP3014693A1 (en) Battery module for an electric or hybrid vehicle incorporating a heat exchanger
FR2986663A1 (en) ACCUMULATOR MODULE EQUIPPED WITH A PELTIER CELL
EP2324552A1 (en) Photovoltaic system with integrated photovoltaic panel and battery
EP3535791A1 (en) Unitary module for a battery pack, and battery pack
EP3008772B1 (en) Battery pack for a motor vehicle
FR2903058A1 (en) Power supply device for hybrid/electric type motor vehicle, has tray with volume of thermo regulator material e.g. paraffin, that absorbs quantity of heat during transition of phase and exchanges heat with energy storage unit
EP3925018A1 (en) Battery unit and motor vehicle provided with at least one such unit
FR2963486A1 (en) Electrical battery useful in a motor vehicle, comprises a casing, a set of energy generating cells, a longitudinal arrangement consisting of the energy generating cells, a cooling system, and an electrically insulating plate
FR2903059A1 (en) COMPACT POWER SUPPLY DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH THERMAL INSULATION MEANS
EP4121711B1 (en) Device for thermal regulation of at least one electronic component
EP3278393A1 (en) Battery module, in particular for a motor vehicle, and corresponding heat exchanger for a battery module
WO2020053490A1 (en) Heat exchanger for a motor vehicle electrical component, and associated heat-regulation system
FR3105384A1 (en) Heat exchange device for electrical and / or electronic components
WO2019115973A1 (en) Heat exchanger comprising means for equalising electrical potential
FR3101140A1 (en) BATTERY HEAT EXCHANGE PLATE
EP4164014A1 (en) Battery pack architecture
WO2024068421A1 (en) Device for spacing battery cells of a vehicle battery pack
FR2955976A1 (en) Bin for storing accumulator batteries to supply current to electric engine of e.g. electric propulsion vehicle, has fixation units are arranged in manner such that end faces of stack are applied against upper wall
FR3135515A1 (en) Photovoltaic and thermal solar panel.
WO2019122771A1 (en) Cooling element of an electrical storage device for a motor vehicle
FR3105712A1 (en) Heat exchange device for electrical and / or electronic components
EP2828920A1 (en) Battery module thermal regulating device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20190607

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)