EP3535435A1 - Procede de dépôt de films minces de chalcogenure - Google Patents
Procede de dépôt de films minces de chalcogenureInfo
- Publication number
- EP3535435A1 EP3535435A1 EP17804615.7A EP17804615A EP3535435A1 EP 3535435 A1 EP3535435 A1 EP 3535435A1 EP 17804615 A EP17804615 A EP 17804615A EP 3535435 A1 EP3535435 A1 EP 3535435A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- injection
- reactant
- precursor
- diffusion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- -1 radical chalcogenide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- CETBSQOFQKLHHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl disulfide Chemical compound CCSSCC CETBSQOFQKLHHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- VLXBWPOEOIIREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl diselenide Chemical compound C[Se][Se]C VLXBWPOEOIIREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ALVPFGSHPUPROW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl disulfide Chemical compound CCCSSCCC ALVPFGSHPUPROW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- OMAWWKIPXLIPDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (ethyldiselanyl)ethane Chemical compound CC[Se][Se]CC OMAWWKIPXLIPDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NYOZTOCADHXMEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-yltellanylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)[Te]C(C)C NYOZTOCADHXMEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CUDSBWGCGSUXDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl disulfide Chemical compound CCCCSSCCCC CUDSBWGCGSUXDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylthiol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)S WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYMPLPIFKRHAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-ethanedithiol Chemical compound SCCS VYMPLPIFKRHAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007926 ZrCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;tungsten Chemical group [W].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-] FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- XIMIGUBYDJDCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diselenium Chemical compound [Se]=[Se] XIMIGUBYDJDCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000925 very toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45553—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the use of precursors specially adapted for ALD
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/305—Sulfides, selenides, or tellurides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
- C23C16/4488—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by in situ generation of reactive gas by chemical or electrochemical reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
- C23C16/452—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by activating reactive gas streams before their introduction into the reaction chamber, e.g. by ionisation or addition of reactive species
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45559—Diffusion of reactive gas to substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45582—Expansion of gas before it reaches the substrate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for depositing thin layers of chalcogenide and to a deposition process using such a device.
- the chalcogenide films can be produced by deposition of thin layers by the chemical synthesis route ALD (Atomic layer deposition in English terminology).
- ALD atomic layer deposition in English terminology.
- MOIC5 and H2S halide of a transition element
- H 2 S which is a toxic gas and which is corrosive for the elements of the reactor.
- H 2 S is for example using a transition hexacarbonyl, for example a tungsten hexacarbonyl, and a sulfur molecule such as D DS (dimethyl disulfide).
- a transition hexacarbonyl for example a tungsten hexacarbonyl
- a sulfur molecule such as D DS (dimethyl disulfide).
- D DS dimethyl disulfide
- EP 2 899 295 discloses a process for the preparation by ALD of thin film of formula MY X , with M of tungsten and / or molybdenum and Y of sulphide or selenium in which H 2 S is produced in situ from 'a source of hydrogen radical and DMDS. This document does not describe a device for implementing this method.
- H. Fujiwara, JAP 74, 1993, p5510 also proposes, in order not to have to handle H 2 S, to directly produce in the reactor H 2 S from a source of radical hydrogen and DMDS.
- the deposition device proposed in this document does not allow the realization of uniform deposition of layers over a large area.
- a device for depositing at least one atomic thin layer of a chalcogenide comprising a gas diffusion device comprising an intake zone and a diffusion zone downstream of the admission zone. in the direction of gas flow, said zones extending along a longitudinal direction, the diffusion zone being intended to receive the element on which the deposit is to be made.
- the deposition device operates in sequences, these sequences comprise the step of absorbing an organometallic on a surface to be coated and an activation step using H 2 S. These sequences are repeated until the thickness is reached. required.
- the device also comprises a source of radical hydrogen and first injection means of a gaseous species, said reactant, capable of reacting with radical hydrogen to form gaseous H 2 S in situ, in the diffusion zone.
- the device also comprises means for supplying the diffusion zone with at least one precursor.
- the radical hydrogen source is disposed with respect to the intake zone so that the stream lines of the radical hydrogen stream are substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction.
- the first injection means are such that the reactant is injected directly into a central zone of the intake zone so that the reactant is injected into the radical hydrogen stream.
- the device also comprises pumping means at the level of the diffusion zone.
- the pumping means can be activated at least during the activation phase so as to create an intimate contact between the reactant and the radical hydrogen and to form H 2 S and to guide the H 2 S flux lines. along the surface to be activated.
- H 2 S is produced in situ, there is no manipulation of a volume of H 2 S gas to be injected.
- the injection of the reactant being made in a central zone of the admission zone, the formation of H 2 S taking place during the diffusion time between the injection and the surface to be activated, the flow of H 2 S is central and will then be guided along the surface to be activated.
- the activation is then homogeneous, which promotes a homogeneous absorption of the precursor in the next step.
- the uniformity of the chalcogenide deposition is then improved.
- the step of absorption of the precursor molecules is performed by saturating the precursor diffusion zone for a defined time, it is then a static saturation step. A purge step then takes place.
- the step of absorbing the precursor is carried out dynamically by activating the pumping, the organometallic injection then preferably takes place in a central zone and the streamlines of the precursor stream are also guided along the face of the element to be treated.
- the reactor comprises means allowing the appearance of a Venturi effect in the intake zone further improving the intimate contact between the radical hydrogen and the reactant.
- this Venturi effect is obtained by injecting the reactant at a high speed relative to the average speed of the radical hydrogen.
- an injection of neutral gas downstream of the reactant injection takes place so as to form a layer of neutral gas, also called curtain of neutral gas, along the walls of the diffusion zone.
- the injection of neutral gas is advantageously tangential to the walls of the intake zone.
- the present invention therefore relates to a device for depositing at least one chalcogenide thin film on at least one face of an element to be treated comprising:
- a diffusion zone connected to the admission zone, the diffusion zone being intended to receive the element to be treated, the intake zone and the diffusion zone extending along a longitudinal axis,
- a source of radical hydrogen connected to the intake zone and oriented so that the stream lines of the radical hydrogen stream in the radical hydrogen source are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis
- pumping means capable of providing pumping in the diffusion zone
- the first injection means being able to inject the reactant in a central zone of the intake zone in the direction of the longitudinal axis towards the diffusion zone of so that the reactant is injected into the flow of radical hydrogen
- the pumping means being controlled to operate at least during the reactant injection and are oriented so as to generate a flow of H2S produced along at least one side of the element to be treated parallel thereto in order to activate said face for absorption of the precursor.
- the second injection means of the precursor ensure the injection of the precursor into the intake zone, preferably in a central zone of the intake zone.
- the second injection means are merged with the first injection means and are connected alternately to a source of reactant and a precursor source by means of at least one valve.
- the device may comprise a needle mounted transversely in the intake zone and having a nozzle located substantially on the longitudinal axis in the direction of the diffusion zone, said needle being connected at one end by a two-way valve to the source of reactant. and a source of neutral gas and another end by a two-way valve to the precursor source and a source of neutral gas.
- the deposition device comprises means for generating a depression downstream of the first injection means.
- the means capable of generating a depression can inject the reactant at a speed greater than an average speed of the radical hydrogen flow.
- the means capable of generating a depression comprise a reduced cross-sectional area downstream of the first injection means.
- the deposition device may, in a preferred example, comprise third means for injecting a neutral gas into the intake zone downstream of the injection zone of the reactant, so as to form a layer of neutral gas on an inner face of the diffusion zone.
- the third means for injecting a neutral gas are for example disposed in an area in which the vacuum level is maximum.
- the diffusion chamber may be configured so that the face of the element to be treated is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and for the pumping means to provide pumping at the entire outer periphery of the element.
- the device may then comprise a plurality of windows distributed regularly in a wall of the diffusion zone and bordering the outer periphery of the element to be treated.
- the diffusion chamber is configured so that the face of the element to be treated is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis and in which the pumping means provide a pumping at an edge of the opposite element. at an edge opposite the intake zone.
- the means for injecting a neutral gas may be configured to inject a stream of neutral gas substantially tangentially to a side wall of the intake zone.
- the first and / or second injection means each comprise one or more injectors evenly distributed in the intake zone.
- the diffusion zone has an acute hyperbolic form.
- the subject of the present invention is also a process for deposition of at least one thin film on at least one face of an element to be treated using a deposition device according to the invention, comprising the steps of:
- the pumping means are stopped at least during the injection of the at least one precursor.
- the method may comprise a step prior to step a) of injecting a neutral gas along an inner face of the diffusion zone downstream of the injection zone.
- the reactant is injected at a speed greater than an average speed of the radical hydrogen flow.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a deposition device according to the invention
- FIG. 1B is a bottom view of the device of FIG. 1A at the level of the substrate P, the slots 19 being shown in an apparent manner,
- FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the diffuser of FIG. 1 at the level of the admission zone
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are views in section and in perspective of the diffuser of FIG. 1 respectively during a step of injection of the reactant
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are views in section and in perspective of the diffuser of FIG. 1 respectively during a step of injection of the reactant and generation of radical hydrogen,
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are views in section and in perspective of the diffuser of FIG. 1 respectively during a step of injection of the reactant and of generation of radical hydrogen and injection of a neutral gas so as to form a curtain of neutral gas,
- FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of the variation of the speed of the flow parallel to the plate as a function of the radius of the plate
- FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of the variation of the speed of the flow perpendicular to the plate as a function of the radius of the plate
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view of another example of a diffuser according to the invention.
- FIG 9 is a perspective view in section along the plane AA of another example of a diffuser according to the invention.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B are variant embodiments of the diffuser
- FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of another exemplary embodiment of a deposition device according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of an example of a second embodiment of a cross-flow type deposition device according to the invention
- - Figure 13 is a schematic perspective representation of another example of a deposition device according to the second embodiment.
- upstream and downstream are to be considered in the direction of gas flow from the intake zone to the diffusion zone.
- FIGS. 1A, 1B and 2 we can see a schematic exemplary embodiment of a thin film deposition device RI, hereinafter referred to as the ALD device.
- the device ALD comprises a diffuser 2 extending along a longitudinal axis Z. It has a first end 2.1 and a second end 2.2 distributed along the axis Z,
- It comprises an intake zone 4 comprising the first end 2.1 and a diffusion zone 6 comprising the second end 2.2.
- the two zones 4, 6 are connected to each other so as to have a continuous side wall. Examples of geometry of this wall will be described in detail later.
- Part P for example a microelectronic substrate, on which it is desired to deposit films is placed in the reactor in the diffusion zone 6 at the second end.
- the diffuser of Figures 1A and 2 allows the deposition on one side of the piece P, this face will be designated thereafter deposit face.
- the reactor has a symmetry of revolution about the Z axis, but this is in no way limiting as will be described later.
- the intake zone is cylindrical in shape with a circular section and the diffusion zone is flared.
- the admission zone has for example a length of between 10 mm and 1000 mm.
- the sum of the length of the inlet zone and the length of the diffusion zone makes it possible to define the diffusion time of the reactant molecule, during which time it is sought to come into contact with the reaction zone. radical hydrogen as will be described later.
- the substrate P placed in the second end 2.2 of the diffusion zone can be seen from below.
- the second end 2.2 has a border 7 bordering the contour of the substrate.
- the substrate P has a disk shape and the border 7 is circular. It will be understood that the substrate may have any other shape, for example a square shape called pseudo-square, the border 7 then has a square shape.
- the substrates of square or rectangular shape are for example used to produce solar cells.
- the flared wall of the diffusion zone has an acute hyperbolic form.
- This shape makes it possible to limit the vortices near the wall of the diffuser.
- this shape makes it possible to reduce the internal volume of the diffuser, which makes it possible to reduce the purge time of the reactor and to increase the rates of deposition.
- the ellipse is shown in dashed lines in Figure 1A.
- a conical shaped diffusion zone may be provided.
- the diffusion zone is then obtained by revolution about the Z axis of a right triangle whose two sides defining the right angle are a and b, where a is the radius of the second end of the diffuser.
- a radical or atomic hydrogen source 8 is connected to the intake zone at the first end 2.1.
- the source of radical hydrogen 8 is upstream of the admission zone.
- the flow lines of the radical hydrogen stream are substantially parallel to the Z axis.
- the diameter of the source 8 and the diameter of the admission zone are close. For example, they are of the order of a few tens of mm, preferably between 40 mm and 70 mm.
- the radical monoatomic hydrogen has an unpaired electron on its outer layer and is very chemically unstable.
- the radical hydrogen source for example uses capacitive means, for example RF.
- Two electrodes are disposed facing in an electrical insulating tube orthogonal to the axis of the tube, for example in Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2, a voltage is applied between the two electrodes and the tube is traversed by a flow of H2 and Argon.
- the axis of the tube is aligned with the Z axis.
- the radical hydrogen source uses, for example, inductive means, for example by microwaves or ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma in angio-saxon terminology).
- ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma in angio-saxon terminology.
- An electrical insulating tube is surrounded by an inductor. The tube is traversed by a flow of H2 and Argon. The Argon molecules are excited and come into contact with the H 2 molecules that produce H *. The axis of the tube is aligned with the Z axis.
- the diffuser comprises first injection means 10 for a reactant intended to react with the radical hydrogen H * to form gaseous H 2 S in situ.
- the reactor also comprises second injection means of at least one organometallic or precursor.
- the alkyl group R mentioned above is advantageously a linear or branched alkyl comprising 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and even more advantageously 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the precursor of element Y may be used alone or in admixture with hydrogen.
- the compounds Y2R2 and Y3R2 are advantageously used in a mixture with hydrogen. This hydrogen can advantageously be in the form of plasma.
- DMDS dimethyl disulfide
- DEDS diethyl disulfide
- DPDS dipropyl disulfide
- DBDS dibutyl disulfide
- DTBDS ditertbutyl disulfide
- DIPTe
- the precursor of the element Y may be: H 2 Y alone; or 1,2-ethanedithiol (HS-CH 2 CH 2 -SH) alone; or the mixture H2 / Y2R2, or H 2 / DMDS, H 2 / DEDS, H 2 / DPDS, H2 / DBDS, H2 / DTBDS, H 2 / DMDSe, H 2 / DEDSe, H 2 / DIPTe, H 2 / tBuSH .
- the organometallic compounds that make it possible to form chalcogenide films may be chosen from the following families: alkyl metal, cyclopentadienyl metal, amide and / or imide metal, carbonyl metal, phosphide metal, and a mixture of these chemical groups, for example TDMATi, TDEATi, TDMAZr, TiCl 4 , TDEAZr, TEMazr, ZrCl, Tris (Dimethylamino) CpZr (ZyALD), TDMAHf, TEMAHf, TDEAHf, Tris (Dimethylamino) CpZr HyALD), HfCl 4 , TDMAV, TEMAV, Cp 2 V, Cp (CO) 4 V, PDMANb, TBTDENb, TBTDETa, TAIMATa, PDMATa, PC Cr 2, Cr (CO) 6, TDEAMo, TDMAMo, TEMAMo, Mo (CO) 6, TDEAW, TDMAW
- the first injection means are such that the reactant is injected into the intake zone in a central zone thereof, ie substantially at the longitudinal axis Z or in an area surrounding this axis and close to that -this.
- the first injection means comprise a tube or needle 12 mounted transversely in the cylinder of the intake zone.
- the needle 12 extends along a diameter of the intake cylinder so as to maintain a symmetry of the intake zone.
- the needle passes right through the cylinder of the intake zone and its ends open laterally outside the intake zone.
- the needle 12 comprises, in the example shown, two open ends. One end 12.1 is connected to a source of reactant SR and the other end 12.2 is connected to a source of precursor or organometallic SORG. Valves 14 are provided at the ends 12.1 and 12.2 to control the supply of the needle alternately with the reactant and the organometallic.
- the needle 12 has an orifice 16 called nozzle, substantially on the Z axis on the side of the diffusion zone so as to project the reactant in a zone central of the admission zone and therefore in a central zone of the diffusion zone.
- nozzle substantially on the Z axis on the side of the diffusion zone so as to project the reactant in a zone central of the admission zone and therefore in a central zone of the diffusion zone.
- jets arranged symmetrically with respect to the Z axis and located in a central zone of the intake zone.
- central zone means a zone extending around the longitudinal axis.
- the central zone is also of circular cross-section and has a radius less than the inside radius of the admission zone, preferably less than half the radius of the zone. intake.
- the diameter of the nozzle 16 is chosen to be small enough to provide the molecules with a velocity along the high Z axis relative to the average velocity flow in the intake zone, in particular that at the outlet of the source of the nozzle. H *, to create a depression downstream of the needle whose role will be explained later.
- the diameter of the needle is between 0.5 mm and 10 mm and is preferably equal to 2 mm.
- the diameter of the nozzle is chosen as a function of the flow rate of the reactant, the organometallic flow at the inlet of the needle, the desired gas velocity at the exit of the needle and the flow of H *.
- the diameter of the nozzle is between 0.1 mm and 5 mm and is preferably equal to 1 mm.
- the needle 12 thus forms, in the example shown, also the second injection means.
- first and second injection means can comprise several injectors.
- first and second injection means comprise several injectors.
- the four injectors can be used to successively inject the reactant and the precursor, for this connection valves to the sources of reactant and precursor are provided.
- the injectors are arranged symmetrically in the intake zone so as to have a uniform effect on the flow of hydrogen throughout the section of the intake zone.
- the first injection means comprise two injectors 18 and the second injection means comprise two injectors 20, the injectors 20 alternating with the injectors 18 and forming an angle of 90 ° between them.
- the injectors are oriented so that the nozzle is oriented in the direction of the Z axis.
- the injectors of the first injection means are such that their nozzle is located in the central zone of the intake zone.
- the second injection means injecting the precursor (s) are also such that their nozzle is in the central zone.
- the precursor deposition is optimized, which reduces the amount of organometallic required for each adsorption step.
- the number and size of the injectors are chosen so as not to occupy too large a surface of the cross section of the intake zone so as to provide a sufficient passage section of H *.
- the deposition process is done by a repetition of successive steps of absorption of organometallic molecules on the deposition and activation side by means of H2S. After each absorption step, the reactor is drained by the circulation of a neutral gas.
- the reactor also comprises pumping means 19 which, on the one hand, guide current streams at least H 2 S along the deposit face, and on the other hand provide the purge steps.
- the pumping means 19 provide a pumping at the element P.
- the wall of the diffusion zone comprises slot-shaped windows distributed over the entire contour of the second end of the diffusion zone just upstream of the deposition face of the element P.
- the slots 21 are connected via one or more conduits to a pump providing annular pumping at the element P.
- This pumping generates a suction flow at least H 2 S having velocity vectors parallel to the deposition face and oriented radially, which promotes uniform activation of the deposition face for a subsequent step of precursor absorption.
- the chalcogenide deposit obtained is therefore more uniform.
- the pumping means could comprise a pumping well disposed under the substrate.
- the reactor comprises protective means capable of generating a layer of neutral gas along the inner surface of the wall of the diffusion zone to limit the contact between the reactant and precursor molecules and this surface.
- these protection means comprise one or more injection holes 22 in the wall of the inlet zone in front of the injectors, these injection holes 22 are shaped so that the neutral gas is injected tangentially into the intake zone. The neutral gas thus injected forms a vortex at the inner surface of the intake zone and the diffusion zone and ensures their protection against corrosion, for example due to H 2 S.
- the orifices are connected to a source of neutral gas.
- the injection holes 22 are arranged with respect to the injectors so as to be in the zone in which the pressure drop generated by the venturi effect due to the high speed injection of the reactant by the jet is the most strong, thus avoiding a counter-flow of the neutral gas upstream.
- the axis of the injection hole or holes is oriented substantially tangentially with respect to the wall of the intake zone. Preferably they are regularly distributed angularly in the wall of the intake zone.
- the protection means comprise four injection holes 22. But they could comprise for example between 1 and 50 holes.
- the diameter of the injection holes is between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, and is preferably equal to 1 mm.
- FIGS. 3A to 5B show the current lines of the reactant, the H * and the neutral gas simulated by finite elements in a diffuser according to the invention. The conditions considered for the simulation are:
- the representations 3A-3B, 4A-4B and 5A-5B separately represent the current lines of the reactant, the H * and the neutral gas respectively, these current lines being obtained by the same finite element simulation.
- FIGS. 1A and 2 it should be noted that the injection of the precursor is done under the same conditions.
- the flow lines of the precursor are similar to that of the reactant of FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B it is possible to see the current lines of the neutral gas injected tangentially. It is found that these slide along the inner surface of the diffuser, forming a protective layer, and join the pumping slots without coming into contact with the deposit face. This layer of neutral gas does not disturb the deposit.
- FIG. 6 shows a graphical representation of the radial velocity variation Vr at 1 mm of the deposition face as a function of the radius r of the element P.
- the velocity is very uniform throughout the surface except at the radially outer end at the pumping slots.
- the radial velocity is in average of 50 cm / s.
- the vertical velocity is relatively uniform over a large part of the surface outside the central zone and the radially outer end at the level of the pumping slots.
- the radial velocity is in average of 9 cm / s.
- the element P is placed in the reactor at the second end of the diffuser.
- the pumping means are activated.
- a neutral gas is injected tangentially through the injection holes 22 so as to form a protective layer on the inner face of the diffuser.
- one of the valves 14 is switched to inject the precursor / organometallic from the source SO G by the needle 12.
- the precursor flow flows substantially vertically along the Z axis and then flows along the deposit face radially outwardly.
- the molecules are absorbed on the deposition side.
- the injection is interrupted by the needle after a certain time.
- the unabsorbed precursor molecules are purged.
- the other valve 14 is switched to inject from the SR source the reagent by the needle 12, simultaneously H * are produced by the source and flows into the zone of admission.
- the pumping is maintained.
- the reactant is injected into the central zone of the intake zone at a higher speed than the average flow rate of H *, creating a depression downstream of the needle.
- the reactant molecules and the H * react with each other to form H2S, this reaction takes place during the diffusion time between the needle and the deposition side.
- the reactant and the H * and then the H2S formed are guided along the Z axis and then radially along the deposit face.
- the reactant and the H * are brought into intimate contact making it possible to produce H 2 S.
- the flow along deposition side ensures a formless activation.
- the depression generated at the nozzle also has the effect of preventing the neutral gas from rising towards the source of H *.
- the radical hydrogen can be produced from a mixture of Ar, N 2 or He and H 2 .
- the neutral gas used to protect the walls of the diffusion zone may be Ar, N2, He. It is therefore desirable to avoid a rise of Ar injected by the injection holes with the source of radical hydrogen to not modify the operating conditions thereof.
- the injection of the precursor and the injection of the reactant are repeated until the desired thickness is obtained.
- the precursor is injected and absorbed dynamically, the pumping means being activated.
- the pumping means are stopped and saturate the precursor diffusion zone and wait for a given time for a part of the less precursor molecules are absorbed.
- provision may be made to introduce the precursor through a feed orifice, for example into the wall of the diffusion zone.
- FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of a diffuser according to the invention, in which the intake zone comprises a zone 24 of reduced diameter downstream of the injection of the precursors so as to reveal a Venturi effect to promote contact between the reactant and the H *.
- the injection speed of the reactant can then be reduced.
- the flow lines of the H * flow and the flow lines of the reactant flow FR can be schematized. It is found that the current lines H * are substantially parallel to the Z axis at the output of the source 8 and are deformed to tighten towards the Z axis due to the depression.
- the neutral gas injection holes are disposed downstream of the reduced diameter zone 24 in order to limit the counter-flux diffusion of the neutral gas.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B schematic representations of alternative embodiments can be seen.
- the source of H * 8 is disposed downstream of the injection means of the reactant and forms part of the admission zone.
- the flow lines of the flow of H * produced are parallel to the Z axis and the risk of collision between the H * are reduced.
- the reactant is injected into a central zone of the intake zone directly within the flow of H * product. Intimate contact is favored.
- the injection means of the precursor may be upstream or downstream of the source of H *.
- protective means injecting a neutral gas are provided downstream of the zone 24 to prevent a counter-flux rise of the neutral gas to the source of H *.
- the injection means of the reactant are at the same level as the source of H *.
- the source then forms part of the intake zone.
- the injectors pass through the electrical insulating tube used in the inductive and capacitive technologies and inject the reactant into the core of the H * source.
- the injection means of the precursor may be confused with the injection means of the reactant or be distinct and be arranged downstream or upstream.
- the injection of the reactant is then at the heart of the source, the intimate contact is also favored.
- FIG 11 we can see another embodiment of the diffuser can be implemented in a deposition device according to the invention.
- This comprises a diffuser thermalization system comprising an enclosure 25 surrounding the diffuser in which a coolant 27 can circulate to maintain the wall of the diffuser and the connection lines 29 of the injectors and / or supply means has a controlled temperature for example between -40 ° C and 300 ° C, preferably equal to 70 ° C.
- the admission zone and the diffusion zone have a symmetry of revolution about the Z axis.
- the admission zone and the diffusion zone have an elliptical or rectangular cross section.
- a device R2 which differs from the device RI in that it comprises a deposition chamber 26 of parallelepiped shape, in which can be arranged entirely the element P, the deposition may take place on the entire outer surface of the element P.
- the device has a symmetry with respect to the plane 28. This type of reactor geometry is called cross-flow.
- the element P is in the plane 28, but it could be shifted with respect to this plane.
- several plates superimposed and at a distance from each other could be arranged in the device R2.
- the admission zone has for example an oblong section.
- the source of H * is upstream of the intake zone.
- the injection means of the reactant inject the reactant substantially in a central zone of the intake zone at the plane 28.
- the device R2 comprises pumping means 29 comprising a portion narrowing between the chamber and a tube connected to a pump.
- the pumping means are such as to create a flow parallel to the faces of greater section of the element P, so as to ensure a flow of at least the H 2 S iong of the face or faces of larger section of the P element
- the device R3 comprises an intake zone 104 of flared shape in the upstream direction downstream of rectangular section, and a diffusion zone 106 of parallelepipedal shape.
- the device has a symmetry with respect to the plane 30.
- the first injection means 110 are such that they inject substantially into the plane 30.
- the injection means comprise a tube 32 closed at its two ends extending in the plane 30 perpendicular to the direction of injection. 'flow. It comprises a plurality of nozzles 34 made in the wall of the tube.
- the tube is fed by a lateral connection 36 passing through the wall of the intake zone. This multiple injector can be used both to inject the reactant and the precursor.
- the source of H * 108 is upstream of the inlet zone and preferably aligned therewith.
- the reactor also comprises protective means forming a layer of neutral gas on the wall of the diffusion zone.
- These protection means comprise injection windows 38 extending transversely in the intake zone upstream of the diffusion zone. In the example shown, they comprise an elongated window by side. Alternatively, a plurality of injection holes could be provided.
- these windows 38 are provided in the highest pressure drop zone.
- the diffusion zone also comprises pumping means (not shown) for example similar to those device R2 capable of generating a flow parallel to the larger surface areas of the element P.
- Cross-flow reactors have the advantage of making deposits more rapidly and of allowing the deposition on square plates, for example for the production of solar cells.
- the operation of the devices R2 and R3 are similar to that of the device RI.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1660583A FR3058162B1 (fr) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Procede de depot de films minces de chalcogenure |
PCT/FR2017/052998 WO2018083415A1 (fr) | 2016-11-02 | 2017-10-31 | Procede de dépôt de films minces de chalcogenure |
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EP3535435A1 true EP3535435A1 (fr) | 2019-09-11 |
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EP (1) | EP3535435A1 (fr) |
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WO (1) | WO2018083415A1 (fr) |
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FR3098526B1 (fr) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-10-22 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication d’un film en disulfure de vanadium et film susceptible d’etre obtenu par ce procede |
CN114164412B (zh) * | 2020-09-10 | 2024-03-08 | 鑫天虹(厦门)科技有限公司 | 半导体原子层沉积装置的喷洒头结构 |
TW202414533A (zh) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-04-01 | 德商馬克專利公司 | 在含過渡金屬二硫化物及/或二硒化物之二維薄膜的生長期間原位生成H2S或H2Se |
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- 2017-10-31 EP EP17804615.7A patent/EP3535435A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
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US20120111271A1 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2012-05-10 | Begarney Michael J | Chemical vapor deposition reactor |
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WO2018083415A1 (fr) | 2018-05-11 |
US20190256975A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
FR3058162B1 (fr) | 2021-01-01 |
US11377735B2 (en) | 2022-07-05 |
FR3058162A1 (fr) | 2018-05-04 |
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