EP3532434A1 - Lamp system having a gas-discharge lamp and operating method adapted therefor - Google Patents
Lamp system having a gas-discharge lamp and operating method adapted thereforInfo
- Publication number
- EP3532434A1 EP3532434A1 EP17784957.7A EP17784957A EP3532434A1 EP 3532434 A1 EP3532434 A1 EP 3532434A1 EP 17784957 A EP17784957 A EP 17784957A EP 3532434 A1 EP3532434 A1 EP 3532434A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light intensity
- control
- gas discharge
- discharge lamp
- lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 53
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/36—Controlling
- H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
- H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/52—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space
- H01J61/523—Heating or cooling particular parts of the lamp
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
- H01J61/20—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent mercury vapour
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating a lamp system, with a gas discharge lamp, an electronic ballast and with a control unit for controlling a power-influencing controlled variable of the lamp system.
- the present invention relates to a lamp system for carrying out the method, comprising a gas discharge lamp, an electronic ballast and a control unit for controlling a power-influencing controlled variable of the lamp system.
- Gas discharge lamps are mercury vapor lamps, fluorescent lamps or sodium vapor lamps. The emission performance of mercury-containing UV discharge lamps shows a maximum at a specific
- a tempering of the amalgam deposit was proposed.
- a temperature sensor is arranged in the region of the amalgam depot, and depending on the determined temperature, the amalgam depot is heated by means of an adjustable heater.
- the surface temperature of the lamp bulb is measured by means of a temperature sensor and at the same time the UV radiation emission is measured by means of a UV sensor.
- the lamp be cooled or heated as a function of the determined temperature via a fan unit.
- GB 2 316 246 A describes a dimmable fluorescent lamp, which is equipped with an independent and can be controlled separately from the actual power current heating circuit for the lamp heating.
- the power requirement for the electric heater is detected by a temperature sensor.
- an electronic ballast and a cooling element which can be adjusted via a control unit, are provided for cooling the gas discharge lamp.
- the lamp voltage be used as the controlled variable at constant lamp current and the cooling power as the manipulated variable.
- the nominal lamp current is applied when the UV lamp is switched on and as a rule kept almost constant during the operation of the UV lamp.
- Altered operating conditions of the UV lamp, in particular the temperature lead to undesirable changes in the emission performance.
- some prior knowledge of the radiator type is needed, for example to adapt a temperature control loop. Due to lamp aging occurring changes that would require an adjustment of the electrical connection power, are also not considered.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method for operating a gas discharge lamp, which allows operation with high emission power regardless of their design and any changes due to lamp aging, especially if the optimum operating temperature is not known.
- this object is achieved on the basis of a method of the aforementioned type in that a light intensity control is provided, measured by means of a light sensor, an actual value of a light emitted from the gas discharge lamp light intensity and the emitted light intensity is used as a controlled variable.
- Gas discharge lamps are usually power-controlled, sometimes operated under current control, the connected load or the Connection current to an optimum concentration of the charge carrier in the discharge space or optimal temperature and thus maximum light intensity are designed. Demeneterrorism is reacted in conventional lamp systems to deviations of the ambient temperature and concomitant changes in the operating temperature of the gas discharge lamp by adjusting operating parameters such as current, voltage or temperature of an amalgam. .
- the light intensity of the gas discharge lamp forms the power-influencing desired value of the control.
- the emitted light intensity is therefore not only measured, as usual, but it is also controlled by a value acting on the light intensity control value of the lamp control to a maximum or a predetermined threshold, which is lower than the actual maximum value of the emission. If the term “maximum” of the light intensity is mentioned below, this term also encompasses a "predetermined threshold value of the light intensity", unless expressly stated to the contrary.
- the light intensity, in particular the emitted UV power always remains in the range of the setpoint, ie the maximum or the predetermined threshold, regardless of the ambient conditions, even if neither the current operating temperature nor an optimum operating temperature are known.
- the maximum of the light intensity may generally be specified for a lamp type and then may not have to be determined for each individual gas discharge lamp. In another embodiment, the maximum of
- Light intensity for each gas discharge lamp factory determined individually.
- the individually determined desired value is stored in a memory unit of the lamp system, which is read out by the control unit when the gas discharge lamp is switched on.
- the current maximum of the light intensity when switching on the gas discharge lamp not known and is determined individually when switching on the gas discharge lamp.
- this individual determination takes place each time the lamp is switched on or in predetermined switch-on cycles and / or operating periods.
- the operating method according to the invention is preferably used in a gas discharge lamp which emits UV radiation.
- the spectral range for ultraviolet radiation which is decisive for the gas discharge lamp extends between 184 nm over predominantly 254 nm up to 380 nm.
- a light intensity containing UV light from the wavelength range from 170 to 380 nm is also preferably used as the light intensity to be controlled preferably, the intensity of a UV radiation emitted by the gas discharge lamp comprising radiation of the wavelength of 254 nm.
- the emission spectrum of mercury vapor discharge lamps shows a characteristic and pronounced line at 254 nm (UVC radiation), which is very well suited for regulation.
- the control technology knows under the keyword "extreme value control" a number of methods for finding a maximum of a controlled variable and the subsequent control to this maximum detected.
- a preferred method variant of the method according to the invention therefore provides that a target value for a manipulated variable is determined by means of extreme value control, in which case the light intensity assumes a maximum or a predefined threshold value.
- the extreme value control comprises a maximum value determination of the light intensity and, as a result, the control unit is given a setpoint value for the control variable, ie for the light intensity. This setpoint remains constant during the subsequent phase of operation, or it is continually reset, from time to time or as needed.
- this is designed as a two-point control, in which the manipulated variable is set during a start phase to at least two output values, one of which Temperature increase, and of which the other causes a decrease in temperature of the gas discharge lamp, wherein both due to the temperature increase and as a result of the temperature reduction, a maximum of the light intensity is reached and exceeded, and that set as the target value of the manipulated variable, a value between the one and the other output value becomes.
- the two-point control is based on the fact that the controlled variable, ie here the light intensity as a function of the manipulated variable has a relative maximum.
- the controlled variable ie here the light intensity as a function of the manipulated variable has a relative maximum.
- amalgam lamps exhibit maximum UV power at a specific mercury vapor pressure, which in turn is correlated with the temperature of the amalgam reservoir.
- the temperature of the amalgam deposit may in turn depend on another parameter, such as the cooling or heating power of a tempering element acting on the amalgam deposit.
- This type of dependence of the light intensity on a manipulated variable with a pronounced maximum is shown schematically in FIG. 3a. It allows the maximum to be subtracted with two output values of the manipulated variable (or the parameter correlated therewith) on both sides of the maximum, the output values being changed such that the maximum in the illustration of FIG. 3a is once from the left side and once from the right side Page is reached and exceeded.
- the two-point control applied here is particularly suitable for use in comparatively sluggish control systems, as is the case with the light intensity of the gas discharge lamp.
- this comprises a determination of the curvature of a transfer function of manipulated variable and the light intensity, the target value being determined on the basis of the maximum of the light intensity.
- This embodiment of the extreme value determination is particularly well suited for the control since, once the optimum has been reached, the manipulated variable no longer changes under constant environmental conditions (in contrast to the 2-point control and classic "extremum seeking control" algorithms)
- the determination of the curvature does not require any elaborate determination of the maximum of the light intensity and allows continuous control without steps.It can handle comparatively few control actions, which has a positive effect on the lifetime of the actuator supplying the manipulated variable, such as a fan, and is therefore also acoustic less noticeable than other regulations.
- this control method proves to be particularly suitable for use in the comparatively sluggish control system as compared to other methods of extreme value control as here.
- a deviation of the light intensity from a previously determined maximum may indicate a change in the environment of the gas discharge lamp, in particular a temperature change with an influence on the light intensity; such as the temperature of an amalgam deposit. It makes sense to use the relevant temperature or a variable parameter mathematically uniquely correlated variable parameters as a control variable of the light intensity control.
- a particularly preferred variant of the method is characterized in that an operating temperature of the gas discharge lamp influencing the light intensity can be changed by means of a tempering element with controllable temperature control, and that the temperature control output is used as a control variable of the control unit.
- the tempering takes place by using a gaseous, liquid or solid tempering.
- the tempering element is embodied, for example, as a pelletizing element or as an array, a plurality of pelletizing elements.
- the operating temperature is for example a characteristic temperature in the region of the surface of the gas discharge lamp or the temperature of an amalgam depot.
- the tempering comprises increasing, reducing and maintaining this temperature by means of the tempering element.
- the use of a fan with PWM-controlled ventilation performance as a tempering element has proven to be particularly effective, whereby the ventilation capacity is used as a control variable of the control.
- the fan With fan control using PWM (pulse width modulation), the fan has its own control chip. In contrast to fan control with variable voltage, PWM fan control has no start-up voltage below which the fan rotor stops rotating. As a result, the speed can be reduced down to very small values. In addition, eliminates the problem of waste heat through the variable resistance in the voltage regulation in the PWM control.
- the temperature control as a control variable of the control here is the ventilation power, which can be specified, for example in revolutions of the fan rotor per unit time or as a mass or volume flow of a gaseous tempering. Cooling and heating processes, such as here the tempering of the gas discharge lamp, basically cause a sluggish control system, for which a continuous regulation via PWM has proved to be particularly advantageous.
- the control unit for adjusting the operating temperature outputs a control signal regulating the cooling power to the temperature control element.
- the light intensity measured as a controlled variable can relate to the emission of a specific wavelength and / or to that of a wavelength range.
- a method variant has proved particularly suitable in which light intensity Did the intensity of a UV radiation emitted by the gas discharge lamp is used, which includes radiation of the wavelength of 254 nm.
- a threshold value of the light intensity is predetermined, the undershoot of which marks the end of the service life of the gas discharge lamp, wherein this threshold value is used as the desired value of the light intensity control
- a drop to, for example, 50% to 90% of the initial power can be defined as the end of the lamp life.
- a gas discharge lamp with constant UV power can be operated according to the specified threshold value over its entire lifetime. This procedure is hereafter referred to as "life-time compensation.”
- the UV intensity setpoint D is set to a lower threshold that marks the emitter's life, for example, 50-90% of the initial maximum light intensity.
- the "lifetime compensation" operating parameters that affect the light intensity such as supply voltage, flow or power or the temperature of an amalgam deposit, are adjusted in standard mode so that one of the maximum possible light intensity UV ma x reduced adjusts light intensity at a lower, relative intensity maximum UV D except.
- the light intensity is controlled at this lower preferred maximum UV D Auer, wherein for the above-described extreme-value control can be applied according to the invention.
- the purpose verrin- siege, lower, relative maximum UV D In this case, except for the light intensity, the setpoint is replaced by the absolute maximum UVmax of the light intensity.
- the operating parameters which have an effect on the light intensity such as supply voltage, current or power or the temperature of an amalgam depot, are optimally adjusted in standard operation, so that theoretically the maximum possible light intensity UV m ax could be generated.
- Threshold of the light intensity set as the setpoint of the temperature control is not set to the maximum light intensity UVmax, but, for example, to a value that is 10 to 50 percentage points below this maximum value.
- the abovementioned object is achieved on the basis of a lamp system of the type mentioned in the introduction by providing a light sensor for determining an actual value of a light intensity emitted by the gas discharge lamp, and the control is designed as a light intensity control, in which the emitted light intensity is used as a controlled variable, wherein applied to a signal input of the control unit, the actual value of the light intensity as an input signal.
- the light intensity of the gas discharge lamp is the power-influencing desired value of the control.
- a sensor is provided for measuring the emitted light intensity.
- the sensor preferably a UV sensor, is part of the gas discharge lamp or it is positioned in the emission region of the gas discharge lamp, for example in a base or a frame or a housing of the lamp system.
- the UV sensor is designed such that it detects the emission of a specific wavelength and / or the emission of a wavelength range, preferably UV radiation emitted by the gas discharge lamp which comprises radiation of the wavelength of 254 nm.
- the control is designed for extreme value control. It is suitable for regulating the light intensity to a maximum or a predetermined threshold value. As a result, the light intensity, in particular the emitted UV power, always remains within the range of the setpoint value, that is to say the maximum or the predefined threshold value, regardless of the ambient conditions.
- the maximum of the light intensity can generally be specified for a lamp type, it can be determined individually for each gas discharge lamp at the factory or it is read out when the gas discharge lamp is switched on by the control unit.
- the control unit comprises a device for extreme value control, in which a target value for a manipulated variable is determined at which the light intensity assumes a maximum or a predetermined threshold value.
- the extreme value control is preferably carried out as a two-point control or as a determination of the curvature of a transfer function of manipulated variable and the light intensity.
- the relevant explanations regarding the method according to the invention also apply to the lamp system.
- the manipulated variable used is preferably the temperature of an amalgam depot of the gas discharge lamp.
- the lamp system is preferably equipped with a tempering with adjustable temperature control, which is adapted to change the light intensity affecting operating temperature of the gas discharge lamp, wherein the operating temperature or a correlated with the operating temperature parameter applied to a signal input of the control unit and is used as a control variable of the light intensity control ,
- the tempering works with a gaseous, liquid or solid temperature control.
- the tempering element is embodied, for example, as a pelletizing element or as an array, a plurality of pelletizing elements.
- the operating temperature is for example a characteristic temperature in the region of the surface of the gas discharge lamp or the temperature of an amalgam depot.
- the tempering comprises increasing, reducing and maintaining this temperature by means of the tempering element.
- a tempering element with controllable cooling or heating power, in particular a fan with PWM-regulated ventilation power, which is connected to the control unit, has proven particularly useful.
- FIG. 1 shows a lamp system for generating ultraviolet radiation with a
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram to illustrate the determination of the maximum of the light intensity by means of a 2-point control
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram to illustrate the adjustment of the maximum of the light intensity by means of a control based on the determination of the curvature of a transfer function of manipulated variable and the light intensity
- Figure 4 is a diagram with the time courses of UV intensity
- FIG. 1 shows a lamp system for the generation of ultraviolet radiation, to which the reference numeral 10 is assigned overall.
- the lamp system comprises a low-pressure amalgam radiator 11, an electronic ballast 14 for the low-pressure amalgam radiator 11, a radial fan 15 for cooling the low-pressure amalgam radiator 11 and a control unit 16 for the radial fan 15.
- the low-pressure amalgam radiator 1 1 is operated with a substantially constant lamp current with a nominal power of 200 W (at a nominal lamp current of 4.0 A). It has a luminous length of 50 cm, a radiator outer diameter of 28 mm and a power density of about 4 W / cm.
- the discharge space 12 which is filled with a gas mixture of argon and neon (50:50), there are two helical electrodes 18a, 18b, between which operation a discharge arc is ignited.
- At least one amalgam deposit 13 is located in the discharge space 12 at a gold point of the enveloping piston.
- the enveloping piston of the low-pressure amalgam radiator 11 is closed at both ends with pinches 17, through which a power supply 18 is guided and which are held in sockets 23.
- a storage element 22 is arranged in the form of an EEPROM.
- the separate memory chip in the base of the gas discharge lamp is dispensed with and the required data is stored in the central control unit 16.
- a UV sensor 24 is arranged in the vicinity of the one envelope end. It is a commercially available photodiode made of silicon carbide (SiC), which is characterized by daylight insensitivity and long-term stability. It detects UVC radiation including the wavelength of 254 nm, a main emission line of the low-pressure amalgam radiator 11.
- the UV sensor 24 is connected to the control unit 16 via a data line 25. During operation, the control unit 16 determines the UVC light intensity measured by the UV sensor 24 as the actual value UV s t. the light intensity control.
- the low-pressure amalgam radiator 1 1 is operated on the electronic ballast 14 and connected thereto via the connection lines 20.
- the electronic ballast 14 furthermore has a mains voltage connection 19.
- the radial fan 15 has a PWM signal (pulse width modulation) for speed control of the rotor. The speed determines its cooling capacity, which is adjustable by a cooling air volume flow between 0 and 200 m 3 / h.
- the light intensity serves as a variable setpoint and the cooling capacity of the radial fan 15 forms the control value of the lamp control.
- the light intensity is regulated to a maximum or to a predetermined threshold, which is lower than the actual maximum value of the emission. As a result, the light intensity always remains in the range of the setpoint, ie the maximum or the predetermined
- Threshold regardless of the environmental conditions. In the following, operating and control procedures will be explained in more detail by means of three methods.
- the diagram of Figure 2 illustrates a procedure for determining the target value of the light intensity using the example of a two-point control. It shows time courses of measured light intensity (curve A), cooling power (curve B, measured as PWM) and temperature of the amalgam reservoir 13 (curve C, measured by means of an IR sensor). On the left ordinate the light intensity UV measured by the UV sensor is plotted in mW / cm 2 , and on the right ordinate the cooling air volume flow PWM is plotted in m 3 / h. In the case of the temperature profile (curve C) also entered into the diagram, the temperatures are not specifically scaled relative values. The unit of the time axis t is seconds (s).
- the fan 15 (curve B) remains initially off.
- the UV light intensity (curve A) increases rapidly, reaches a maximum and then drops off.
- the drop in UV light intensity can be attributed to too high a temperature of the envelope bulb of the lamp and the amalgam deposit 13 (curve C).
- the fan 15 so long at maximum speed (fan ma x) operated until the lamp bulb (more precisely, the temperature of the amalgam reservoir 13) is supercooled and therefore the UV light intensity drops again.
- the duration of this period is t max.
- the fan 15 is operated for a duration t m in at low speed (fan, TM) (so that it is just still rotating) until the gas discharge lamp overheats again and the UV light intensity drops again.
- the result of this start phase is an initial value for the standard speed of the fan 15, as used in the further operation of the gas discharge lamp as a measure of the cooling capacity.
- This standard speed can be calculated as follows:
- Standard fan (ax * tmax + m fan fan in m * tmin / (tmin + t max)) (1)
- the UV light intensity adjusting itself with the cooling performance fan standard represents the target value UVsoii for the lamp control; it also represents the maximum value. If, in operation, the UV light intensity falls below a critical threshold (for example, 98% of the maximum value), the fan is switched to minimum operation (Fan, TM) and checked for a reaction time t cr it, if the UV light intensity increases again. If necessary, the fan standard value is reduced. Otherwise, the fan is operated at maximum fan ma x and the standard test direction is changed (from fan, to fan ma x).
- a critical threshold for example, 98% of the maximum value
- the time constant t cr it can be determined by a simple test with a step function, even automatically from the reaction time of the UV light intensity after the first switching on the fan.
- Another procedure for determining the setpoint value of the light intensity and the operation of the lamp system is illustrated by FIG. 3 using the example of a determination of curvature in a transfer function of manipulated variable and the light intensity.
- the diagram of FIG. 3 a outlines the dependence of the UV light intensity UV on the cooling power PWM (for example, the fan speed).
- the UV light intensity shows a pronounced maximum with optimal cooling performance. Since the transfer function (Fig. 3a) is not monotone, it is not possible to conclude the correct control direction when the light intensity changes.
- APWM Const. * sign (APWMait) * sign (d 2 UV) * abs (AUV) (2).
- This case is intercepted as soon as during operation the UV light intensity falls below a critical threshold (for example 95% of the maximum value, UV ⁇ 95% of UVmax).
- the fan speed is then selectively disturbed, that is, the speed is drastically changed; for example, at a previous PWM value of 50% or more to zero, or at a previous PWM value of less than 50% to maximum PWM value (100%) to produce a clear control signal.
- This disturbance is then not allowed for x time steps to allow the control time to adjust.
- the control always returns the fan setting to the relative maximum to maintain this setpoint.
- This process variant with an operating parameter (lamp current) adapted to UV D auer is shown in FIG. 3 a by the dashed curve V1 with the relative maximum UV D auer
- control unit 16 compares the actual value of the UV light intensity transmitted by the UV light sensor 24 with the desired value UV D , determines the deviation of the actual value from the desired value and outputs a control signal which determines the cooling capacity of the radial Fan 15 regulates.
- the reduction The light intensity on UV D here is done by a deliberately non-optimized fan performance, an adjustment of the operating parameters is not required.
- the fan power is set so that the amalgam reservoir 13 sets a temperature which is lower than the temperature required to reach the absolute maximum.
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
- Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016120672.5A DE102016120672B4 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Lamp system with a gas discharge lamp and adapted operating method |
PCT/EP2017/076529 WO2018077678A1 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-10-18 | Lamp system having a gas-discharge lamp and operating method adapted therefor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3532434A1 true EP3532434A1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
EP3532434B1 EP3532434B1 (en) | 2022-06-15 |
Family
ID=60120063
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP17784957.7A Active EP3532434B1 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2017-10-18 | Lighting system with gas discharge lamp and corresponding driving method |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US10652975B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3532434B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6828153B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102241690B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109923073B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016120672B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018077678A1 (en) |
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US11758623B2 (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2023-09-12 | Shimadzu Corporation | Detector for chromatograph |
DE102019135736A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-06-24 | Prominent Gmbh | Method for monitoring the vapor pressure in a metal halide lamp |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102010014040B4 (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2012-04-12 | Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh | Method for operating an amalgam lamp |
DE102012006860A1 (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-10 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device for regulating illuminance |
CN104509213A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2015-04-08 | 亨沃工业有限公司 | Dynamic ultraviolet lamp ballast system |
DE102012109519B4 (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2017-12-28 | Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh | Method for operating a lamp unit for generating ultraviolet radiation and suitable lamp unit therefor |
-
2016
- 2016-10-28 DE DE102016120672.5A patent/DE102016120672B4/en active Active
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2017
- 2017-10-18 WO PCT/EP2017/076529 patent/WO2018077678A1/en unknown
- 2017-10-18 CN CN201780066299.2A patent/CN109923073B/en active Active
- 2017-10-18 KR KR1020197011184A patent/KR102241690B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-10-18 EP EP17784957.7A patent/EP3532434B1/en active Active
- 2017-10-18 US US16/345,557 patent/US10652975B2/en active Active
- 2017-10-18 JP JP2019521781A patent/JP6828153B2/en active Active
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CN109923073B (en) | 2022-04-08 |
EP3532434B1 (en) | 2022-06-15 |
US10652975B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 |
KR20190051047A (en) | 2019-05-14 |
JP6828153B2 (en) | 2021-02-10 |
CN109923073A (en) | 2019-06-21 |
JP2020501297A (en) | 2020-01-16 |
DE102016120672B4 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
WO2018077678A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
DE102016120672A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
US20190254151A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
KR102241690B1 (en) | 2021-04-19 |
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