DE102012006860A1 - Method and device for regulating illuminance - Google Patents

Abstract

To control an illuminance, an actual value of a sensor (3) is queried, which depends on the illuminance to be regulated and which is to be regulated to a desired value. An electronic computing device (11) determines in a control step a setting step for a luminaire (2) as a function of the actual value and a parameter value of a control parameter. The electronic computing device (11) determines a new parameter value of the control parameter for a subsequent control step depending on a first actual value that is received before the corresponding control step, and a second actual value that is determined after the corresponding control step.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for regulating an illuminance. In particular, the invention relates to such a method and to such a device with which an approach to a desired illuminance can be realized.

An artificial light control is used in lighting systems. The aim of the artificial light control is to consistently achieve a target illuminance even with changing external light influence. For example, the illuminance on a reference surface, such as a work surface of an office to be kept as constant as possible even with variable and unknown extraneous light influence. For this purpose, a controller, which receives the current illuminance from at least one light sensor, and an art lighting, with which the controller can compensate for a change in the illuminance within the limits of the art lighting used. Such artificial lighting control can be used, for example, in lighting control systems used for interior lighting.

Conventional artificial light controls may be configured to change their actuator by the smallest possible unit in response to a deviation between an actual value and a target value of illuminance detected by a sensor in each control step. Such an approach usually leads to a slow approach to the setpoint in several steps. If the difference between the actual value and the setpoint is large compared to the increment of the actuator used in each control step, the time until the setpoint is reached again can also become large. If, on the other hand, the increment is chosen to be greater in order to achieve a faster approach to the desired value, there is the risk of an "overshoot" in which an interval of acceptable illuminance levels is missed and further adjusting commands are required for equalization. Such overshoot can lead to unwanted fluctuations in illuminance. Both too small and too large positioning steps, the described scenarios can lead to a large number of setting commands must be generated. This can lead to an undesirable utilization of the available computing power and / or transmission bandwidths for setting commands. The latter, for example, presents a problem when the setting commands are transmitted as digital commands via a bus, for example a DALI bus.

In addition, both too slow an adjustment of the illuminance and too rapid a change, in particular an "overshoot", are distracting.

Regulations are also known in which the size of the control step is determined as a function of the difference between the actual value and the setpoint value by means of one or more fixed parameters or fixed parameters when the controller is initialized. Also, such controllers reach the setpoint only after a series of control steps, which in turn can lead to a slow adaptation to the setpoint or to "overshoot".

The WO 02/45478 A1 describes information systems in which an adjustment of an illuminance is made dependent on the extraneous light. An increment or setting step is determined depending on the difference between the actual value and the setpoint. The increment selected for a subsequent control step depends only on the actual value of the illuminance, which is determined after the preceding control step. The possible increments have fixed calf. This can cause difficulties when, for example, the behavior of a luminaire changes due to aging. Adjustments to different lights can be laborious and costly, as appropriate on-site maintenance may be required.

The object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for controlling the influence of artificial light, which reduce the risk of creeping or overshoot behavior. The object of the invention is to provide such methods and devices that facilitate adjustments, for example, to different lights or different light flows with increasing aging of lights, without the need for a separate maintenance on the controller must be performed.

The object is achieved by a method and a device having the features specified in the independent patent claims. The dependent claims define developments of the invention.

In methods and devices according to embodiments, an influence of art lighting is determined during the artificial light control. A control parameter is introduced whose parameter value can be adjusted in each case according to control steps. The parameter value of the control parameter can estimate differences in readings that a sensor would detect between switched off art lighting and maximum luminous flux of the art lighting. By automatically adjusting the parameter value of the control parameter, an adaptive control is achieved which shows a self-learning behavior. For each control step, the control parameter can be used to estimate in advance how the measured illuminance should change. This estimate can be compared with the measured value which is determined in the next measuring step after the control step. In case of a deviation between the estimate for the new illuminance expected after the control step and the actually occurring illuminance after the control step, the parameter value of the control parameter may be adjusted. As a result, a changing behavior of a luminaire, for example due to aging, can be automatically taken into account, and / or the method and the device can be used for luminaires of different types due to their self-learning behavior. The new parameter value for the control parameter determined after a control step can be used in the next control step to set the actuator in the next control step.

In a method for controlling an illuminance according to an exemplary embodiment, an actual value of a sensor, which depends on the illuminance to be regulated and which is to be adjusted to a desired value, is determined, and then a control step is carried out. In the control step, in each case a setting step for a luminaire is determined as a function of the determined actual value and a parameter value of a control parameter, and a control command generated as a function of the setting step is generated in order to set the luminaire. The method comprises the step of automatically adjusting the parameter value of the control parameter after at least one control step. In the automatic adjustment, a new parameter value of the control parameter is determined as a function of a first actual value of the sensor, which is determined before the corresponding control step, and a second actual value of the sensor, which is determined after the corresponding control step. The new parameter value of the rule parameter is used for a subsequent control step.

By introducing the control parameter and its automatic adaptation, the control method can be automatically adapted. As a result, different properties of luminaire, but also different reflection properties of the surface to be illuminated can be taken into account.

The step of automatically adjusting the parameter value of the control parameter need not be performed after each control step. The step of automatically adjusting the parameter value of the control parameter may be selectively performed depending on whether a particular matching criterion is met.

The step of automatically adjusting the parameter value of the control parameter realizes a self-learning correction procedure that can adapt the control parameter to the achieved control results. Thus, after a relatively short learning phase, variable control value jumps with low oscillation or creep behavior can also be regulated. Another effect of the self-learning adaptation is that lamp aging and even lamp failures can be compensated for and the system continues to be reliably controlled.

The method can be used to control the illuminance on a reference surface, such as a work surface of an office. The sensor detects the illuminance on the reference surface. For example, the sensor may be arranged to receive light reflected from the reference surface.

In the control step, the setting step can be determined as a function of a difference between the desired value and the determined actual value as well as depending on the control parameter. In the control step, the setting step may be determined as the product of the difference and a proportionality factor that depends on the control parameter. As a result, the setting step can be made large if there is a large difference between the setpoint and actual values, and small if there is only a small difference between the setpoint and actual values. The setting step, which serves as an increment of the control value of the actuator, depends on the parameter value of the control parameter in the corresponding control step. Since the parameter value is adapted, the dependence of the setting step on the difference between setpoint and actual value also changes. It can thus be taken into account that a predetermined increment of the control value of the actuator depends on the properties of the luminaire and, if the actual value is detected in reflection mode, on the change in the actual value caused by the adjusting step, depending on the reflection properties of the reference surface having. Such different influences are caused by the control parameters imaged and automatically adapted by the automatic adjustment to the conditions of the lighting system or the reference surface.

In the case of automatic adaptation, the new parameter value of the control parameter can be determined as a function of a difference between the second actual value and the first actual value and depending on the setting step determined in the corresponding control step. The new parameter value of the control parameter can furthermore be determined as a function of at least one old parameter value of the control parameter. The new parameter value of the control parameter, which is set after a predetermined control step, may be dependent on the old parameter value of the control parameter used in the predetermined control step, and on the difference between the second actual value and the first actual value be determined by the determined in the predetermined control step adjustment step.

The parameter value of the control parameter can be adjusted to estimate a difference between actual values of the sensor when the lamp is off and at the maximum luminous flux of the lamp. This can be achieved without having to drive the luminaire over the full brightness range.

In the method, several queries of a sensor can be carried out in each case for determining the actual value between two successive control steps. A number of the plurality of queries performed prior to performing the second control step of the two consecutive control steps may depend on a difference between an actual value determined in at least one of the plurality of queries and the setpoint. Multiple repetitions of actual sensor value queries performed without a subsequent control step may be selectively aborted as soon as the actual value detected in the last interrogation deviates from the setpoint by more than a threshold. Multiple repetitions of queries of the actual value of the sensor, which are carried out without a subsequent control step, can also be aborted after a maximum number in order to proceed to the next control step. Thus, a sub-loop can be traversed several times between control steps, in which only the actual value is interrogated by the sensor, but not immediately followed by a control step. The sub-loop may be traversed until a maximum number of sub loops is reached or a deviation between actual value and set point exceeding one threshold is detected in one of the sub loops.

By selectively running through a complete control loop with measured value acquisition, control step and optional automatic adjustment of the parameter value of the control parameter or the sub-loop, the computational effort can be reduced. The complete control loop only has to be run through at longer intervals than successive sensor queries. By means of an abort criterion which depends on the difference between an actual value recorded in a lower loop and the desired value, a control step can nevertheless be reliably initiated if larger deviations occur between the actual value and the desired value.

The sub-loop also makes it possible to monitor changes in the influence of extraneous light between two successive control steps. Information about the change in the influence of extraneous light before a control step can be used in a decision as to whether an automatic adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter should take place after the control step. The lower loop also allows the first actual value and the second actual value, which are detected before or after a control step and are used to adjust the parameter value of the control parameter, to be determined at a time interval which is shorter than a time interval between rule steps. This can increase the quality of the adaptation of the parameter value.

Depending on the actual values ascertained in the several interrogations of the sensor, a change in the extraneous light influence can be estimated before the second control step of the two successive control steps is carried out. The automatic adjustment of the parameter value of the control parameter after the second control step can be carried out selectively depending on a threshold comparison of the change in the influence of extraneous light.

A new parameter value of the control parameter does not have to be determined after each control step. After a control step, a deviation between the second actual value, which is determined after the control step, and a computational estimate for the actual value, which is determined as a function of the parameter value of the control parameter used in the control step, can be determined. A new parameter value of the control parameter can be selectively determined depending on the deviation. The new parameter value of the control parameter can then be determined if the deviation is a threshold exceeds. In this way too frequent adaptation of the parameter value can be suppressed, for example in the case of measurement noise.

A new parameter value of the control parameter can be determined selectively after a control step depending on a fitting criterion. For example, a new parameter value of the control parameter can be determined selectively only if the control step determined in the control step is greater than or at least equal to a control step threshold value.

Alternatively or additionally, the determination of a new parameter value of the control parameter can be made dependent on the fact that at least one predetermined period of time has elapsed since the luminaire was switched on until the control step. As a result, adaptation in phases in which the behavior of the luminaire can still change transiently can be suppressed.

As an alternative or in addition to each of the conditions mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, the determination of a new parameter value of the control parameter may be made dependent on a time change of an external light influence before the control step, after which the adjustment is possibly to be carried out, being smaller than a further threshold value , This can prevent that rapidly changing extraneous light influences the difference between the second actual value, which is detected after the control step, and the first actual value, which is detected before the control step, strongly influence. A falsification of the parameter adjustment due to strongly changing external light influences can thus be avoided.

Alternatively or in addition to each of the conditions mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, the determination of a new parameter value of the control parameter may be made dependent on a difference between the first actual value, which is determined before the control step, and the second actual value, which is determined after the control step, is greater than a measured value threshold. The difference between the first actual value, which is determined before the control step, and the second actual value, which is determined after the control step, can be divided by the desired value and the thus determined quotient can be compared with a further threshold value. Small changes in the actual value can be caused by measurement fluctuations. By the mentioned criterion, a constant adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter in response to measurement fluctuations can be suppressed.

ermittelt werden. Dabei bezeichnet E_Sensor(v) den ersten Ist-Wert, der vor dem entsprechenden Regelschritt ermittelt wird, E_Sensor(n) den zweiten Ist-Wert, der nach dem entsprechenden Regelschritt ermittelt wird, und ΔI den in dem entsprechenden Regelschritt ermittelte Stellschritt.The new parameter value of the control parameter can after a rule step depending on

be determined. E _sensor (v) designates the first actual value, which is determined before the corresponding control step, E _sensor (n) the second actual value, which is determined after the corresponding control step, and ΔI the setting step determined in the corresponding control step.

ermittelt werden. Dabei bezeichnet E_Param(alt) den Parameterwert des Regelparameters, der in dem Regelschritt zum Ermitteln des Stellschritts verwendet wurde, und p ist eine reelle Zahl, die 0 ≤ p ≤ 1 erfüllt.The new parameter value of the control parameter can after a rule step depending on

be determined. Here, E _Param (old) denotes the parameter value of the control parameter used in the control step for determining the setting step, and p is a real number satisfying 0 ≦ p ≦ 1.

erfüllt ist, nach unterschiedlichen Prozeduren ermittelt werden.Depending on different procedures, the new parameter value of the control parameter can be determined as to whether the difference between the first actual value and the second actual value will lead to an increase or decrease in the parameter value of the control parameter. The new parameter value of the rule parameter depends on whether the condition

is met, determined according to different procedures.

ermittelt werden, wobei E_Soll der Sollwert ist. Dieser Quotient kann diskretisiert werden, falls nur diskrete bzw. digitale Stellwerte zulässig sind. Dabei kann der Quotient nach oben gerundet werden, um ein Unterschreiten der Sollbeleuchtungsstärke zu vermeiden.In the control step, the adjusting step may depend on

are calculated, where E is the _target setpoint. This quotient can be discretized if only discrete or digital manipulated variables are permitted. In this case, the quotient can be rounded upwards in order to avoid falling short of the desired illuminance.

The new parameter value of the control parameter can be determined depending on a predetermined lower limit and a predetermined upper limit for the parameter value. The new parameter value can be set to be no smaller than the lower bound and no larger than the upper bound.

An illuminance regulation device comprises an input for receiving an actual value of a sensor, which depends on the illuminance to be regulated and which is to be regulated to a desired value, and an electronic computing device coupled to the input. The electronic computing device is set up to determine a setting step for a luminaire as a function of the actual value and a parameter value of a control parameter. The electronic computing device is configured to generate a setting command depending on the setting step. The electronic computing device is set up to determine a new parameter value of the control parameter as a function of a first actual value that is received before the corresponding control step and a second actual value that is determined after the corresponding control step, and the new parameter value of the control parameter for a subsequent control step.

The illuminance regulation device may include a sensor coupled to the input and configured to provide the actual value to the input. The sensor is a light sensor. The apparatus may include a light coupled to the electronic controller and configured to change a light output in response to the control command in accordance with the control command.

The electronic computing device can be integrated into a luminaire module and / or an operating device, for example a ballast, the luminaire. The device can be configured as an intelligent luminaire module, in which the electronic computing device, the luminaire and the sensor are combined in one unit.

The device can also be designed as a separate control device from the lamp and the sensor. The device can be designed as a central control device of a lighting system that outputs the control command via an interface to the light. The interface may be coupled to a bus, for example a DALI bus.

An illumination system may comprise a plurality of lights, a plurality of sensors associated with the lights and the device for controlling the illuminance. In this case, one control parameter can be provided for each luminaire. The regulation of the illuminance can be carried out as described for each of the luminaires and associated sensors, wherein for each luminaire the parameter value of the control parameter associated with that luminaire can be adjusted depending on a difference between actual values obtained before and after a control step for that luminaire the sensor associated with this lamp are detected.

The device for regulating an illuminance can be designed to carry out the method according to the various exemplary embodiments.

Further developments of the device for controlling an illuminance and the effects thus achieved correspond to the developments of the method according to embodiments.

Further features, effects and functions of embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic representation of a lighting system with a device for controlling a lighting intensity according to an embodiment.

2 schematically shows a control loop, which can be traversed in methods according to embodiments.

3 shows a sub-loop of the control loop, which can be traversed several times in procedures according to embodiments between control steps.

4 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment.

5 illustrates the operation of control steps in the method of embodiments.

6 illustrates the operation of control steps if a parameter value of a control parameter is not yet adjusted.

7 illustrates a parameter adjustment in methods of embodiments in which a parameter value of a control parameter is adaptively adjusted during the control loop.

8th illustrates an implementation of a parameter adjustment in methods of embodiments,

9 illustrates an implementation of parameter adjustment in methods of embodiments.

10 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment.

11 is a schematic representation of a lighting system with a device for controlling a lighting intensity according to an embodiment.

12 is a schematic representation of a lighting system with a plurality of devices for controlling an illuminance according to an embodiment.

In the figures, identical or similar reference numerals designate identical or similar units or components. The features of the various embodiments may be combined with each other unless expressly excluded in the following description.

1 shows a lighting system 1 with a device 10 for controlling an illuminance according to an embodiment. The lighting system 1 includes a lamp 2 , The lamp 2 may be, for example, a gas discharge lamp or an LED-based lamp. The lighting system 1 may include other lights. The light 2 can be a control gear 20 for the lamp 2 be assigned. The lamp 2 lights up a reference surface during operation 4 out. The illuminance of the reference surface 4 should be regulated. This is intended to give a given illuminance even with variable external light influences, in which other light sources than the lamp 2 also light on the reference surface 4 irradiate, be achieved.

The lighting system 1 includes a sensor 3 , which is designed as a light sensor. The sensor 3 is arranged and designed so that it is from the reference surface 4 detected reflected and / or scattered light. The reference surface 4 is within the detection range of the sensor 3 contain. The sensor 3 For example, in the same plane as the light 2 be mounted. As will be described in detail, the device is 10 designed as a controller, which in each case a control command to the lamp 2 or to the light 2 outputs assigned operating device. The control commands are in the control steps depending on one with the sensor 3 recorded actual value generated. When determining a setting step is not only the one with the sensor 3 detected actual value and the setpoint, but also a parameter value of a control parameter. The parameter value is updated at least after some of the sequentially executed control steps. For this purpose, it is observed how a setting step, by which the actuator is placed in a control step, on the with the sensor 3 recorded actual value. Depends on a comparison of before and after the control step with the sensor 3 captured actual values can be the parameter value of the control parameter be adjusted. The new, adapted parameter value can be used in the next control step to determine the setting step.

By introducing a control parameter with a variable parameter value and the adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter, a self-learning adaptation of the device 10 to the conditions of the lighting system 1 respectively. The control parameter can be defined so as to determine the influence of a change in the control value of the luminaire 2 on the actual value, with the sensor 3 is detected in response to the control step. This influence can be variable in real systems, for example due to changing reflective properties of the reference surface 4 , due to aging of the luminaire 2 , when installing a new lamp 2 as a replacement for an old lamp, or due to a partial failure of the lamp 2 , Such changes can be taken into account by the self-learning, adaptive adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter, without the need for on-site maintenance. The risk of creeping or overshoot behavior in the regulation of illuminance can be reduced, even if the influence changes, a change in the control value of the luminaire 2 on the actual value that has with the sensor 3 detected in response to the control step.

The lamp 2 is designed so that a radiated light power is variable depending on a received control command. For this example, the operating device 20 be provided which receives and implements the control commands. The operating device 20 can be designed as a ballast. The operation of the operating device 20 takes place on the basis of setting commands, which the operating device 20 from the device 10 receives. The operating device 20 has an interface 23 on, via which a data communication with the device 10 can be done. The data communication can be wired, for example via a bus 5 , or wirelessly. The data communication may be a digital data communication. The bus 5 can be a DALI bus, and commands can be generated according to the DALI standard. Other operating devices can be connected to the bus 5 be connected. From the interface 23 received commands are from a controller 21 handles the operation of the control gear 20 controlled depending on the received command. In this case, for example, a cross-fade process, in which the new control value with a fade time in a memory 22 filed or contained in the control command is approached.

The operating device 20 can be designed so that there is an intensity control of the lamp 2 allowed. The operating device 20 is via a supply line or supply lines 6 energized. The operating device 20 has a circuit 24 on to the light 2 to provide energy. The light 2 supplied power and thus the of the lamp 2 emitted light power can through the circuit 24 be controlled in different ways. The in the operating device 20 integrated control device 21 controls the circuit 24 depending on a received control command to implement the control command. The control command issued by the device 10 is generated to the light 2 For example, it can contain an absolute manipulated variable. The lamp 2 or the control gear assigned to the lamp 20 sets the control command accordingly, so that the light 2 is set as actuator to the desired control value.

The device 10 has a signal input 14 to retrieve the actual value of illuminance detected by the sensor. The device 10 can be an interface 13 for issuing setting commands. If the device 10 in a structural unit with the lamp 2 combined, the interface must be 13 no external interface. Similarly, the signal input 14 no external connection if the device 10 in a structural unit with the sensor 3 combined. The signal input 14 and the interface 13 can be combined in a single interface, even if the sensor has actual values over the bus 5 transfers.

The device 10 has an electronic computing device 11 on. The electronic computing device 11 may include one or more processors. The electronic computing device 11 It can be designed such that, depending on a comparison between the actual value of the sensor and the set value to which the illuminance is to be adjusted, it determines a setting step by which the control value of the luminaire is determined 2 to be changed. The electronic computing device 11 generates the corresponding positioning command for the luminaire 2 in a control step. The electronic computing device 11 may be configured to continue to adjust the parameter value of the control parameter, as will be described in greater detail. The different steps that the electronic computing device 11 to regulate the illuminance and for automatic parameter adjustment, may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or combination thereof. For example, the electronic computing device 11 comprise a processor stored in a memory 12 stored instruction code to perform the methods according to various embodiments.

The operation of the device 10 is referring to 2 - 10 described in more detail. While in 1 schematically only one light 2 and one of the lights 2 associated sensor 3 2, the methods and apparatus for controlling illuminance may also be used in a lighting system 1 be used with several lights. The adaptation of the parameter value of a control parameter, which will be described in more detail below, can in this case be carried out separately for each of the several luminaires using the described methods. Similarly, the determination of a new control value and the generation of a control command in a control step can be made separately for each of the plurality of lights with the described methods.

In a control step, the device determines 10 Based on a deviation between the setpoint and the actual value, this is a setpoint correction that is passed on to the luminaire or its operating device. In this case, control commands can be generated with absolute control values, whereby the change of the control value represents the control step. Alternatively, positioning commands with incremental changes of the manipulated variable can also be generated. The setting step that is generated to determine the new absolute control value depends not only on the deviation between the setpoint and the actual value, but also on the parameter value of the control parameter.

The parameter value is from the device 10 automatically adjusted. The corresponding parameter adjustment serves as a self-learning correction procedure which adapts the parameter value of the control parameter to the achieved control results.

2 schematically shows a control loop, which can be traversed in methods according to embodiments. The device 10 serves as a controller 41 which also has the function of a parameter adjustment 45 performs.

The regulator 41 generates a positioning command 51 for a lamp 42 , which serves as an actuator. The control command 51 can contain the new absolute control value. To carry out a control step, the controller determines 41 a step for the lamp 42 as a function of the deviation between the nominal value and the actual value and as a function of the parameter value of the control parameter. The control parameter may determine a proportionality factor that the controller 41 used to convert the deviation between the setpoint and actual value in a setting step, which is determined in the control step.

The light output of the lamp 42 is changed according to the positioning command. This can be done in a crossfade process. Changing the setting will help 52 on the controlled system 43 ie the lighting in the room. The measuring element acting as a sensor 44 designed, recorded at 53 the effect on the controlled system 43 ,

The sensor 44 delivers 54 a new actual value. The new actual value coming from the sensor 44 is detected during a parameter adjustment 45 used. Depending on the new actual value, it can be determined whether the parameter value of the control parameter should be changed. If the parameter value of the control parameter is to be changed, a new value of the control parameter is determined. The new parameter value of the control parameter is provided by the controller 41 used in the subsequent control step, as shown schematically in 55 shown.

The parameter adjustment 45 can be determined depending on a comparison of a predicted based on the manipulated variable specification change of the actual value with the actually occurred change in the actual value. If the calculated predicted change in the actual value deviates from the actually occurring change in the actual value by more than an acceptable deviation, an automatic adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter is typically performed. Additional fitting criteria can be checked in order to prevent an adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter under certain conditions or to perform it selectively only if the fitting criterion is fulfilled.

For example, the fitting criterion may ensure that an adjustment of the parameter value of the control parameter is not performed if, after the last control step and before the next control step is carried out, the actual value supplied by the sensor 44 is detected, changes significantly. This suggests a strong change in the extraneous light influence, which could affect the quality of adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter.

In order to be able to recognize changing extraneous light influences between two successive control steps, it is possible, before re-running through the in 2 Loop shown a sub-loop through once or more, in which only the actual value of the sensor is repeatedly queried and monitored, but neither a control step nor a parameter adjustment is performed.

3 shows such a sub-loop, which can be performed once or several times between successive control steps.

In this case, the actual value of the sensor 44 at 56 queried. The at 57 transmitted actual value of the sensor 44 is being supervised. It is not necessary to carry out a control step after every query of an actual value. At the latest after a maximum number of consecutive queries without a subsequent control step, a control step can be carried out again and the sub-loop can be left in order to obtain the data in 2 to go through the illustrated full control loop. For example, between two consecutive control steps, up to five queries of the actual value can be carried out without a control step and a parameter adaptation being carried out between them.

To monitor the actual value of the sensor 44 For example, the deviation of the determined actual value of the sensor from the desired value can be determined after each query. This deviation is referred to as ΔE = E _setpoint - E _sensor , (1) where E _{target is} the setpoint and E _{sensor is} the actual value detected by the sensor.

Once it is recognized that the condition | AE | > ΔE _max (2) is satisfied, the in 3 are left shown sub-loop and performed a control step. In this case, ΔE _max denotes a predetermined threshold value which defines the abort criterion for successive subloops.

From the actual values, which are determined in successive queries of the actual value between two control steps, a change in the extraneous light influence can be estimated. The estimate for the change in the extraneous light influence may be used to check the subsequent execution of the full control loop of 2 to determine if in the parameter adjustment 45 a new parameter value of the control parameter is to be determined.

In the 3 In the case of methods and devices of exemplary embodiments, the sub-loop shown can be traversed between control steps, but can also be implemented or omitted in a modified form.

ermittelt werden, wobei E_Soll der Sollwert und E_Sensor(v) ein vor dem Regelschritt ermittelter Ist-Wert ist. Die Größe E_Param(alt) bezeichnet den Parameterwert des Regelparameters, der im Regelschritt noch vor einer dem Regelschritt nachfolgenden Anpassung des Parameterwerts verwendet wird. Die Größe E_Param(alt) wurde nach einem der Regelschritt vorangehenden Regelschritt für den gerade ausgeführten Regelschritt bestimmt. Der Ist-Wert E_Sensor(v), der vor dem Regelschritt ermittelt wird, kann der letzte vor dem Regelschritt abgefragte Ist-Wert sein. Dieser aktuellste Ist-Wert kann bei einem vorhergehenden Durchlauf der vollen Regelschleife, wie in 2 dargestellt, oder bei einem Durchlauf der Unterschleife, wie in 3 dargestellt, ermittelt worden sein.Referring again to 2 can at a control step, the controller 41 performs, a setting step .DELTA.I each dependent on

are calculated, where E is the _target set point and _sensor E (v) is a value determined before the control step the actual value. The size E _Param (old) denotes the parameter value of the control parameter, which is used in the control step before the adaptation of the parameter value following the control step. The size E _Param (old) was determined after a control step preceding the control step for the currently executed control step. The actual value E _sensor (v), which is determined before the control step, may be the last actual value requested before the control step. This most recent actual value may be at a previous pass of the full control loop, as in 2 represented, or in a run of the sub-loop, as in 3 shown to have been determined.

The parameter value of the rule parameter E _Param (old), which enters equation (3), determines the proportionality factor between the setting step and the deviation between the setpoint and the actual value. The control parameter E _Param (old), which enters into equation (3), represents an estimate for the change in the actual values that would be determined by the sensor at maximum power of the lamp and with the lamp off.

berechnet werden. Zur Festlegung des neuen Stellwerts können verschiedene zusätzliche Schritte vorgenommen werden. Beispielsweise kann ein Vergleich mit einem zulässigen Wertebereich von Stellwerten vorgenommen werden, um sicherzustellen, dass der neue Stellwert in dem zulässigen Wertebereich liegt.A new control value for the luminaire 2 can be determined from the old control value I _real (old) before the control step and the positioning step specified in equation (3). This can be done in different ways. For example, first a value

be calculated. Various additional steps can be taken to define the new control value. For example, a comparison with a permissible value range of manipulated variables can be made to ensure that the new manipulated variable is within the permissible value range.

A new control value, which is transmitted to the luminaire in the control step, can for example be determined as

A discretization or digitization of the quantity I _real (new) can be carried out if only discrete or digital manipulated variables are permitted.

After the control step, another actual value of the sensor is queried. This is referred to below as E _sensor (s). The actual value E _sensor (n), which is determined after the control step, may be the first actual value requested after the control step. This actual value can be obtained during a full loop run, as in 2 shown, or when passing through the sub-loop, as in 3 shown, are determined. If the light 2 If the new manipulated variable is approached in a crossfading process, the actual value E _sensor (s) can be interrogated after the crossfade process has been completed.

The actual value E _sensor (n) obtained after the control step may be compared with an estimate of the actual value expected in response to the control step. Such an estimate E _sensor (aw) can be calculated as E _Sensor (aw) = E _Sensor (v) + ΔI · E _Param (old). (6)

Depending on the difference between the actual actual value E _sensor (n) and the estimate E _sensor (aw), a parameter adaptation can be carried out in which a new parameter value of the control parameter is determined.

ermittelt werden, wobei ΔI denjenigen Stellschritt bezeichnet, der in dem Regelschritt bestimmt wurde, vor dem der Ist-Wert E_Sensor(v) ermittelt wurde und nach dem der Ist-Wert E_Sensor(n) ermittelt wurde.The parameter adjustment can be carried out in different ways. The new parameter value of the control parameter can depend on

are determined, wherein .DELTA.I designates the adjusting step, which was determined in the control step before which the actual value E _sensor (v) was determined and after the actual value E _sensor (n) was determined.

wobei E_Param(alt) der Parameterwert des Regelparameters ist, der in dem Regelschritt zum Ermitteln des Stellschritts ΔI verwendet wurde, und p eine reelle Zahl ist, die 0 ≤ p ≤ 1 erfüllt. Insbesondere kann der neue Parameterwert E_Param(neu) des Regelparameters gemäß Gleichung (8) bestimmt werden, wobei 0 < p < 1 erfüllt ist.In an embodiment of devices and methods, the new parameter value E _Param (new) of the control parameter can be calculated after a control step as

where E _Param (old) is the parameter value of the control parameter used in the control step to determine the adjusting step ΔI, and p is a real number satisfying 0 ≤ p ≤ 1. In particular, the new parameter value E _Param (new) of the control parameter can be determined according to equation (8), where 0 <p <1 is satisfied.

falls die Bedingung

erfüllt ist. Der neue Parameterwert des Regelparameters kann bestimmt werden als

falls die Bedingung

erfüllt ist.In a further embodiment of devices and methods, the new parameter value E _Param (new) of the control parameter can result after a control step depending on whether the difference between the first actual value and the second actual value leads to an increase or decrease in the parameter value of the control parameter will be determined according to different procedures. The new parameter value of the control parameter can be determined as

if the condition

is satisfied. The new parameter value of the control parameter can be determined as

if the condition

is satisfied.

In a further refinement, the new parameter value E _Param (new) of the control parameter determined according to equation (8) or equation (9) - (12) can be corrected such that it lies within a predetermined value range. For this purpose, for example, the new parameter value E _Param (new) of the control parameter can be set to a value E _Param (max) if the new parameter value E _Param (new) determined according to Equation (8) or Equations (9) - (12). greater than E _Param (max). The new parameter value E _Param (new) of the control parameter can be set to a value E _Param (min) if the new parameter value E _Param (new) determined according to Equation (8) or Equations (9) - (12) is less than E _param (min) is. In all other cases, the new parameter value E _Param (new) determined according to Equation (8) or Equations (9) - (12) can be maintained.

If only discrete values are allowed for the new parameter value E _Param (new), the new parameter value E _Param (new) determined in this way can be discretized such that it has one of the permissible discrete values.

The next time you run through a control loop, as in 2 is shown, the new parameter value E _Param (new) determined after the control _{step is} used to determine the setting step in the subsequent control step. In the terminology of equations (3) - (12) above, for the subsequent control step, this is done first E _Param (old - next step) = E _Param (new) (13) set to achieve that the "old" parameter value of the control parameter used in the next control step on the left side of equation (13) takes the value determined in the earlier control step as the "new" parameter value of the control parameter, which is on the right side of equation (13). 13) stands. The control step and the adjustment of the parameter value of the control parameter may then be performed again as described with reference to equations (3) - (12).

4 is a flowchart of a method 60 according to an embodiment. The procedure 60 can from the device 10 of the lighting system 1 be executed automatically. The procedure 60 includes a regulation of a lighting intensity as a function of the deviation between the actual value of a sensor and the desired value and depending on a parameter value of a control parameter. The procedure 60 also includes a parameter adjustment, in which the parameter value of the control parameter can be adjusted in any case after some of the control steps.

at 61 a first actual value of a sensor is queried before carrying out a control step.

at 62 a positioning step is determined by which the manipulated variable of the luminaire is to be changed. The adjustment step can be determined depending on the deviation between the first actual value of the sensor and the desired value. The setting step can be determined as the product of the deviation and a proportionality factor, which depends on the parameter value of the control parameter. The proportionality factor may be the inverse of the parameter value of the control parameter.

at 63 a setting command is generated depending on the determined setting step. The positioning command may contain a new manipulated variable or otherwise indicate the new manipulated variable. The new control value can be determined as described with reference to equations (4) and (5). The new manipulated variable can be generated in such a way that it is selected from a permissible value range for manipulated variables.

at 64 a second actual value of the sensor is interrogated after the control command has been generated and converted by the luminaire. If the fixture is blending, the second actual value may be requested after the end of the blending operation. For this purpose, for example, a time interval between queries of actual values of the sensor can be selected larger than the fade time.

at 65 a parameter adaptation procedure is initiated. The procedure may include checking a match criterion to determine if after 62 and 63 executed control step, an adjustment of the parameter value of the control parameter is to take place. The parameter adjustment procedure, at least after some of the control steps, may involve a change in the parameter value of the control parameter from an old parameter value that was present at the previous control step 62 and 63 has been used to include a new parameter value to be used in the subsequent control step.

The process steps 61 - 65 can then be run again. The at 64 After the control step requested second actual value of the sensor can be used for control value calculation in the subsequent control step. This can be done at 66 the at 64 determined second actual value is copied accordingly into a value field for the actual value, which is used to determine the next setting step. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of sensor interrogations can be carried out between successive control steps, to which the next sensor interrogation follows without a control step executed therebetween and without a parameter adaptation carried out in between. It may then expediently be used for the next control step, the actual value of the sensor requested last before a setting step. Control steps in which a control step is determined and a control command corresponding to the new control value can be initiated, for example, when a deviation of the actual value is determined by the setpoint, which is no longer in a tolerance band, and / or if a predetermined fixed Maximum number of sensor requests without subsequent control step was performed.

Through the parameter adjustment, the at 65 is performed, the quality of the control step is evaluated and the control method optionally adapted so that the parameter value of the control parameter, the actual behavior of the actuator and the controlled system maps more accurately. It can thereby be achieved that even with larger deviations between actual value and setpoint value with a small number of setting commands, the actual value can be adjusted to a specific value range.

5 illustrates the implementation of several control steps in methods of embodiments, when the parameter value of the control parameter has already been adjusted so that it reflects the actual behavior of the luminaire as an actuator and the controlled system well.

The actual value of the sensor, the sensor signal 71 is queried by the regulation in a range of values 70 to be brought. This can have the setpoint E _Soll as the lower limit and a maximum value E _Max as the upper limit. The maximum value E _max may by a fixed percentage, for example 3%, _set above the setpoint E.

The manipulated variable 72 The luminaire, which determines the light intensity emitted by the luminaire, is set to new control values in step by step. For example, the manipulated variable may define a value of a dimming curve or otherwise indicate the relative brightness. In a control step 73 the control value is increased. This may be necessary, for example, if due to a reduction in the illuminance by extraneous light, eg. B. by shading the sun by a cloud, or by reducing the reflection of the reference surface, the detected illuminance decreases. The subsequent crossfading process returns the actual value recorded by the sensor to the value range 70 ,

Similarly, in a subsequent control step 74 the control value can be increased again, for example, when the extraneous light on the reference surface further decreases and the actual value decreases accordingly.

Due to the adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter such that the actual change of the actual value corresponds to the predicted change, the actual value can be returned to the value range by means of a small number of setting commands 70 to be brought. If the in the sensor signal 71 changing the actual value observed in response to a setting command does not lead to the desired result and in particular the new actual value occurring after the end of a crossfading operation deviating from an estimate for the new actual value by more than a tolerable deviation, in response to a setting command deviates, the parameter value of the control parameter can be adjusted accordingly.

6 illustrates the performance of multiple steps in methods where the parameter value of the control parameter is initially set to not yet map the actual behavior well. In the course of the sensor signal and manipulated variable shown by way of example, the influence that a certain setting step has on the actual value is underestimated; the parameter value of the control parameter E _Param (old) in equation (3) is therefore too small. Such a case may occur, for example, after an aged lamp has been replaced by a new lamp, or after a lamp of lower maximum power has been replaced by a lamp of higher maximum power.

Due to the initial mismatching of the parameter value of the control parameter, the new control value results in a control step 76 is generated and output to compensate for low illuminance, an overshoot behavior of the sensor signal 75 , For correction must in further rule steps 77 and 78 new positioning commands are generated.

The overshoot or overshoot due to the initial mismatch of the parameter value of the control parameter is automatically detected in methods of embodiments. The parameter value of the control parameter is automatically adapted so that it better reflects the real behavior of the lighting system after a few control steps. This allows a scheme as in 5 be achieved, in which the risk of overshoot or creep behavior is reduced.

7 illustrates the adjustment parameter value of the control parameter. The parameter value 81 of the control parameter is shown as a function of time. The parameter value 81 of the control parameter can be selectively changed after each control step. Control steps are carried out at times T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, with a respective setting command being output in order to set a new control value for the luminaire as an actuator.

The actual value of the sensor, its time course at 84 is shown, is detected before and after the respective control step. If the luminaire adopts the new manipulated variable in a crossfade operation, the actual value of the sensor can be used at the end or after the end of the crossfading process to evaluate the quality of the parameter value of the control parameter used in the control step.

In response to a control step performed at time T1, the actual value of the sensor changes from a first actual value 85 to a second actual value 86 , A difference 87 the actual values can be compared with the expected jump in the actual value for the old parameter value of the control parameter. In the illustrated example, the parameter value of the control parameter is initially too small, which can lead to overshoot behavior, as in 6 is illustrated.

The mismatching of the parameter value of the control parameter is automatically detected after the control step at time T1. This can be the difference 87 be set in relation to the setting step that is in the Control step was used at T1. For example, a new parameter value of the control parameter may be determined according to the procedures described under reference name to equations (8) through (12).

Similarly, the control step performed at T2 results in the actual value of the sensor changing from a first actual value to a second actual value. A difference 88 the actual values can be compared with the expected jump in the actual value for the old parameter value of the control parameter. There is a corresponding increase in the parameter value of the control parameter.

When changing the parameter value of the control parameter, it may be considered that the parameter value of the control parameter lies within a predetermined value range between a lower limit 83 and an upper limit 82 must lie.

A change in the parameter value of the control parameter does not have to be performed after each control step. Once the parameter value of the control parameter is adjusted to well describe the actual behavior of the lighting system, changing the parameter value of the control parameter will rarely be required. In particular, an old value of the parameter value of the control parameter used in a control step may also be used for the subsequent control step if a comparison of the change in the actual values that has occurred in response to a control command with that based on old value of the parameter value of the control parameter predicted behavior matches well.

Alternatively or additionally, further criteria can be used by means of which it is determined whether a change of the parameter value of the control parameter is to be carried out. For example, no new parameter value of the control parameter can be selectively determined if the luminaire is still in a switch-on phase and / or if the setting step that was determined in the control step was small. Another criterion, which may alternatively or additionally be checked, includes the change or rate of change of the actual value of the sensor between two control steps. Such a change is not caused by a change in the control value of the luminaire, but may indicate a change in extraneous light influence. In such a case, there is the risk that a difference of the actual values, which are detected before and after a control step, can be significantly influenced by temporal variations in the influence of extraneous light. A change in the parameter value of the control parameter can accordingly selectively be omitted if the actual value of the sensor changes greatly before a control step despite a constant control value of the luminaire.

7 schematically shows a sharp drop in illuminance as a flank 89 of the sensor value. This waste is, for example, in the in 3 detected sub-loop detected and leads to the execution of a control step at T3. However, no new parameter value for the control parameter is determined after the control step at T3, since the fall of the actual value at the edge 89 indicates that changing external light influence during the control step could affect the quality of a new parameter value of the control parameter. As with reference to 2 and 3 is explained, is information about a change in the influence of extraneous light, for example, from multiple sensor queries that are performed sequentially between successive steps, available.

8th illustrates a procedure 90 the parameter adjustment, as with element 45 of the control loop of 2 or at step 66 the procedure of 4 can be executed.

at 91 it is checked whether a criterion for a change of the parameter value is fulfilled. Checking at 91 may be dependent on whether the change in the actual value of the sensor observed in response to a control step coincides with an estimate determined as a function of the old parameter value of the control parameter used in the corresponding control step to determine the new control value.

If the criterion for changing the parameter value is not met, then 92 the parameter value of the control parameter used in the last control step is also used in the subsequent control step.

If the criterion for changing the parameter value is met, then 93 a new parameter value of the control parameter is determined. The new parameter value may be determined depending on the change in the actual value of the sensor that was detected in response to the control step. The new parameter value may be determined as described with reference to equations (8) to (12).

Alternative or additional criteria may be used to determine if a new parameter value of the control parameter should be determined.

9 illustrates a procedure 95 the parameter adjustment, as with element 45 of the control loop of 2 or at step 66 the procedure of 4 can be executed. In the process, several criteria are checked cumulatively, which rule out the determination of a new parameter value of the control parameter.

at 96 it is checked whether the lamp is still in a switch-on phase. For this purpose, a period of time since the luminaire was switched on can be compared with a predetermined time threshold value. If the predetermined time threshold has not yet been reached, a change in the parameter value of the control parameter can be suppressed, even if the change in the actual value of the sensor observed in response to the previous control step does not match well with a computational estimation. In this way, it can be prevented that the parameter value of the control parameter is adapted to a transient behavior of the luminaire. If the predetermined time threshold has not yet been reached, the procedure goes to step 92 and also uses the old parameter value of the control parameter for the subsequent control step. Otherwise, the procedure continues 97 continued.

at 97 For example, the setting step .DELTA.I used in the preceding control step can be compared with a set step threshold. Depending on the comparison, a change in the parameter value of the control parameter can be suppressed, even if the change in the actual value of the sensor observed in response to the preceding control step does not yet agree well with an estimate. For example, the procedure may go to step 92 and use the old parameter value of the control parameter also for the subsequent control step, if the condition ΔI <ΔI _max (14) is satisfied. This can reduce the risk of instabilities in changing the parameter value of the control parameter. If the condition of equation (14) is not met, the procedure continues 98 continued.

erfüllt ist. Falls die Bedingung nach Gleichung (15) nicht erfüllt ist, können Messwertschwankungen die Änderung des Ist-Werts, die als Reaktion auf den Regelschritt auftritt, stärker beeinflussen. Um eine zu häufige Anpassung des Parameterwerts des Regelparameters als Reaktion auf Messwertschwankungen zu unterdrücken, kann die Prozedur zu Schritt 92 gehen und den alten Parameterwert des Regelparameters auch für den nachfolgenden Regelschritt verwenden, falls die Bedingung nach Gleichung (15) nicht erfüllt ist. Andernfalls fährt die Prozedur bei 99 fort.at 98 it can be checked whether the change in the actual value observed in response to the control step is greater than another threshold or at least equal to another threshold. This can be used to determine if the condition

is satisfied. If the condition of Equation (15) is not met, measurement fluctuations may more strongly influence the change in the actual value that occurs in response to the control step. In order to suppress too frequent adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter in response to measured value fluctuations, the procedure may go to step 92 and use the old parameter value of the control parameter also for the subsequent control step, if the condition according to equation (15) is not fulfilled. Otherwise, the procedure continues 99 continued.

at 99 It can be checked whether the actual value has changed significantly in the case of several consecutive queries of the actual value which were carried out before the control step. As a result, it can be detected, for example, whether a strong change in daylight could falsify a new parameter value of the control parameter. For this purpose, the difference between two actual values of the sensor determined in successive queries, between which no change in the control value has occurred, can be compared with a further threshold value. It can be the condition | E _Sensor (v1) - E _Sensor (v2) | > tl _max (16) where E _sensor (v1) and E _sensor (v2) are the two actual values of the sensor determined in successive queries without a change in the control value of the luminaire between them. If the condition of Equation (16) is satisfied, it indicates a larger change in the extraneous light, and the procedure may proceed to Step 92 and use the old parameter value of the control parameter also for the subsequent control step. Otherwise, at step 93 the new parameter value of the control parameter is calculated.

While at the procedure 95 Different criteria may have to be met cumulatively, so that a new parameter value of the control parameter is calculated, other or only part of which may be referred to 8th and 9 be applied. The referring to the procedure 95 explained criteria can also be checked in other sub-combinations or alone.

Alternatively or in addition to those with reference to 8th and 9 described criteria can be checked, on the basis of which it is judged whether the parameter value of the control parameter is to be adjusted.

For example, in embodiments, an adaptation of the control parameter can not take place if the measured actual value has decreased after an increase of the control value or if the measured actual value has increased after a reduction of the control value. An adjustment of the parameter value of the control parameter can be omitted if one of the following two conditions according to equation (17) or equation (18) is satisfied: E _sensor (s)> E _sensor (v) and ΔI ≤ 0, or (17) E _sensor (s) <E _sensor (v) and ΔI ≥ 0. (18)

The verification of whether any of the conditions of Equation (17) or Equation (18) is satisfied may be in addition to one or more of those described with reference to 8th and 9 described criteria. A criterion for the suppression of an adaptation of the parameter value of the control parameter may thus depend on a comparison of a sign of the control value and a sign of the resulting change of the actual value.

10 is a flowchart of a method 100 according to an embodiment. The procedure 100 can from the device 10 of the lighting system 1 be executed automatically.

at 101 an actual value of a sensor is queried.

at 102 a control step is performed. In this case, a new control value for a lamp is dependent on a deviation between the at 101 queried actual value and a setpoint and determined depending on the parameter value of the control parameter. A positioning command is generated according to the new manipulated variable.

at 103 After the control step, an actual value is again determined in a further interrogation of the sensor.

at 104 a parameter adjustment is performed. The parameter adjustment may be as described with reference to 1 - 10 be described described. In particular, at 104 from the difference of at 102 and 103 determined actual values are determined how well the parameter value of the control parameter describes the behavior of the system. It can be selectively determined a new parameter value of the control parameter for the next step.

In the following steps 105 - 109 can the in 3 Sub loop of the control loop can be traversed once or several times. The actual value of the sensor is interrogated without a new positioning step being calculated.

at 105 an iteration can be initialized via sub loops. A count index i can be set to an initial value.

at 106 it is checked whether the last requested actual value of the sensor has a deviation from the target value, which is greater than a threshold value. For a larger deviation, the next control step can be added directly 102 be performed. Otherwise it will be added 107 queried another actual value of the sensor, without previously generated a control command and output to the light.

at 108 It is checked whether a predetermined maximum number of repetitions of queries of the actual value without subsequent control step is reached. If a number i _max of repetitions is reached, at 102 a control step performed. Otherwise it will be added 109 the count index increments. The method returns to the check 106 back.

By performing sensor interrogation in combination with monitoring the deviation between actual value and setpoint, as with 106 is shown, the computational effort can be reduced by unnecessary steps and a good response to occurring changes in illuminance can be achieved. In addition, information about changes in illuminance, which occur between successive control steps and are not caused by a new control value of the light so won. This information can be used to determine whether a new parameter value of the rule parameter can be determined when a rule step is again executed.

While embodiments have been described in detail, modifications may be made in other embodiments. For example, a lighting system may include a plurality of lighting modules coupled to the same lighting intensity control device. Alternatively or additionally, each of a plurality of luminaire modules can be configured as an intelligent luminaire module, which comprises an internal logic that controls the functions of the electronic computation device 11 the device 10 performs.

11 is a schematic representation of a lighting system 120 , the several lighting modules 121 - 123 includes. Each of the lighting modules 121 - 123 has a light 132 and one of the lights 132 assigned sensor 133 on, in their operation of the luminaire 2 and the sensor 3 match that with reference to 1 has been described. The device 10 is with the several lighting modules 121 - 123 coupled. The communication can be over a bus 5 respectively. The device 10 leads by referring to 1 to 10 described functions for the different lighting modules 121 - 123 as a central device. In this case, a control parameter is provided for each of the lamp modules whose parameter value is the device 10 as under reference to 1 to 10 described can customize.

12 is a schematic representation of a lighting system 140 , the several lighting modules 141 - 143 includes. Each of the lighting modules 141 - 143 has a light 132 and one of the lights 132 assigned sensor 133 on, in their operation of the luminaire 2 and the sensor 3 match that with reference to 1 has been described. Each of the lighting modules 141 - 143 is designed as an intelligent lighting module, which is a logic 131 includes. The logic 131 For the corresponding luminaire module in which it is installed, refer to 1 to 10 described functions of the control and parameter adjustment only for the corresponding lamp module. The logic evaluates this 131 sensor values received at a signal input to perform a control step and a parameter adjustment.

Further modifications can be realized in further embodiments. While, for example, control commands are output as digital commands, another control can also take place. If positioning commands are not output as digital commands, there is no need to discretize or digitize control values. Positioning commands can also be transmitted wirelessly.

While in processes and devices according to exemplary embodiments in each case a new control command is generated in several steps, a new control command does not have to be generated each time a control procedure is called. The methods may additionally include function calls of a control procedure, in which it is detected that no new control value has to be determined and no new control command has to be output because the sensor value lies in a desired value range.

While exemplary implementations have been described for determining the adjustment step and determining a new parameter value of the control parameter, modifications may be employed. For example, the new parameter value of the control parameter may be determined in the manner of a moving average depending on the respective parameter values in the case of several preceding control steps. The new parameter value can be determined according to different procedures, depending on whether it is increased or decreased compared to the parameter value of the control parameter used in the last control step.

If the luminaire approaches a new manipulated variable in a cross-fading process, the actual value can be queried again after the output of the setting command even within the fade-in time. In the parameter adaptation, it can be mathematically taken into account in equations (8) to (12) that the second actual value detected after the control step does not yet correspond to the full positioning step, but that only a part of the change in the manipulated variable has been made up to the corresponding measuring instant , The step in equations (8) to (12) incoming step can be adjusted accordingly computationally to take into account the ongoing cross-fading process.

The invention also relates to a method for regulating an illuminance, wherein the control steps to be performed are determined as a function of actual and target illuminance and one or more control parameters, wherein the control parameter or the control parameters adapted adaptively to the reaction of the controlled system via a self-learning process will or will be.

Methods and devices according to embodiments achieve different effects. Since an adjustment of the control automatically when performing several control steps, d. H. during runtime, no separate maintenance needs to be made for customization. Maintenance intervals for adaptation of the control can thus be omitted. The switching on of fluorescent lights can be considered. Changes in the reflection properties in the detection range and aging of the light source can be automatically taken into account and taken into account by adjusting the parameter value of the control parameter. The methods and devices are robust against replacement of the luminaire, failure and recurrence of individual luminaires. The time delay between measuring the illuminance and changing the art lighting can be taken into account. Likewise, a change in the external illumination intensity in the control steps can be taken into account. Traffic can be reduced, which may be desirable, especially with slow control protocols. Different illuminances of the art lighting can be supported.

Methods and devices according to embodiments can be used for artificial lighting control in interior lighting. Methods and devices according to embodiments can be used in particular for the illumination of offices, work rooms or business premises, without being limited thereto.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 02/45478 A1 [0006]

Claims (16)

Method for regulating a luminous intensity, wherein the following steps are performed several times: determining an actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) of a sensor ( 3 ; 133 ), which depends on the illuminance to be controlled and which is to be regulated to a setpoint value, performs a control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ), wherein a setting step for a lamp ( 2 ; 132 ) depending on the determined actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) and a parameter value of a control parameter, and wherein a control command for the luminaire (depending on the setting step) ( 2 ; 132 ) and automatically adjusting the parameter value of the control parameter after at least one control step, wherein a new parameter value of the control parameter depends on a first actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) of the sensor ( 3 ; 133 ), which before the corresponding control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) and a second actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) of the sensor ( 3 ; 133 ), which after the corresponding control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) is determined. Method according to claim 1, wherein in the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) the adjusting step depends on a difference between the desired value and the determined actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) as well as depending on the parameter value of the control parameter. Method according to claim 2, wherein in the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) the setting step is determined as the product of the difference and a proportionality factor that depends on the parameter value of the control parameter. Method according to one of claims 1-3, wherein in the automatic adaptation the new parameter value of the control parameter depends on a difference ( 87 . 88 ) between the second actual value ( 86 ) and the first actual value ( 85 ) and depending on the one in the corresponding control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) determined adjusting step is determined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between two successive control steps ( 73 . 74 ) several queries of a sensor ( 3 ; 133 ) in each case for determining the actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) and wherein a number of the plurality of queries that have been executed before the second control step ( 74 ) of the two successive control steps ( 73 . 74 ), a difference between an actual value determined in at least one of the several queries ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) and the setpoint. Method according to claim 5, wherein, dependent on those in the several queries of the sensor ( 3 ; 133 ) determined a change in the external light influence ( 89 ) before executing the second control step ( 73 ) of the two successive control steps ( 73 . 74 ) is estimated. The method of claim 6, wherein automatically adjusting the parameter value of the control parameter after the second control step ( 74 ) selectively depending on a threshold comparison of the change of the external light influence ( 89 ) is carried out. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein after the execution of a control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) the following steps are performed: determining a deviation between the second actual value ( 86 ), which after the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) and a computational estimate for the actual value, which depends on that in the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) parameter value of the control parameter is determined, and selectively initiating the automatic adjustment depending on the determined deviation. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein after a control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) the automatic adjustment of the parameter value of the control parameter is in each case selectively initiated as a function of a criterion that depends on at least one of the following variables: that in the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) determined adjusting step; a temporal change of an external light influence ( 89 ) before the control step; a period of time since the lamp was switched on ( 2 ; 132 ) until the control step; a difference between the first actual value ( 85 ), which before the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) and the second actual value ( 86 ), which after the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) is determined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the new parameter value of the control parameter after a control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) depending on

where E _sensor (v) is the first actual value ( 85 ), which before the corresponding control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ), E _sensor (s) is the second actual value ( 86 ), which after the corresponding control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) is determined, and ΔI the in the corresponding control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76-78 ) determined adjusting step is. The method of claim 10, wherein the new parameter value of the control parameter after a control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) depending on

where E _Param (old) is the parameter value of the control parameter used in the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) was used to determine the setting step, and p is a real number satisfying 0 ≦ p ≦ 1. The method of claim 11, wherein the new parameter value of the control parameter depends on whether the condition

is satisfied, is determined according to different procedures. A method according to claim 11 or claim 12, wherein in the control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) the setting step depends on

is calculated, where E is the _target setpoint. Apparatus for controlling illuminance, comprising: an input ( 14 ) for receiving an actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) of a sensor ( 3 ; 133 ), which depends on the illuminance to be regulated and which is to be regulated to a target value; and one with the entrance ( 14 ) coupled electronic computing device ( 11 ; 131 ), which is adapted to provide a setting step for a luminaire ( 2 ; 132 ) depending on the actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) and a parameter value of a control parameter to generate a control command depending on the control step, and a new parameter value of the control parameter depending on a first actual value ( 85 ), which before the corresponding control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) and a second actual value ( 6 ), which after the corresponding control step ( 73 . 74 ; 76 - 78 ) is determined. Apparatus according to claim 14, comprising: a sensor ( 3 ; 133 ), with the entrance ( 14 ) and is set to the actual value ( 71 ; 75 ; 84 ) to the entrance ( 14 ), and a luminaire ( 2 ; 132 ) connected to the electronic control device ( 11 ; 131 ) and is arranged to change a light output power in response to the setting command in accordance with the setting command. Apparatus according to claim 14 or claim 15, arranged for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 2-13.

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