EP3532245A1 - Device for abrasive fluid-jet cutting - Google Patents

Device for abrasive fluid-jet cutting

Info

Publication number
EP3532245A1
EP3532245A1 EP17787120.9A EP17787120A EP3532245A1 EP 3532245 A1 EP3532245 A1 EP 3532245A1 EP 17787120 A EP17787120 A EP 17787120A EP 3532245 A1 EP3532245 A1 EP 3532245A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
control
pressure fluid
pressure
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17787120.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3532245B1 (en
Inventor
Guenter Feucht
Felix Kulhavy
Uwe Iben
Nicolas Gooss
Peter Kroack
Florian Oberwein
Valentin Paal
Raymond Schuetzenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3532245A1 publication Critical patent/EP3532245A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3532245B1 publication Critical patent/EP3532245B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for abrasive fluid jet cutting as it is used, for example, to materials by means of a Hochdruckflu- idstrahls, the abrasive particles are mixed to cut or stratify.
  • DE 10 2014 222 299 A1 discloses a device in which a fluid, preferably water, is compressed by means of a high-pressure pump and fed to a nozzle which can deliver a high-pressure fluid jet.
  • the nozzle is designed so that it can interrupt the high-pressure fluid jet periodically, so that a pulsating high-pressure fluid jet is formed.
  • the actual interruption of the high-pressure fluid jet takes place here by means of a movable control piston, which is operated servo-hydraulically, ie is controlled via an alternating pressure in a control chamber.
  • the control piston has two end faces, wherein an end face defining the control space is formed larger than the opposite end face of the control piston. If the pressure in the control chamber, which is limited by the larger end face of the control piston, lowered, the control piston moves due to the hydraulic forces in the same, and so releases the connection between a compressor unit and the nozzle, so that a high pressure fluid jet the nozzle exits, with the workpiece can be cut or stripped. When the pressure in the control chamber is increased again, the control piston moves back into its closed position and interrupts the supply of compressed fluid to the nozzle, so also the high-pressure fluid jet is interrupted.
  • the device according to the invention for abrasive fluid jet cutting has the advantage that the supply of the abrasive takes place with little effort, so that the abrasive supply can be integrated into the known apparatus without great technical effort.
  • the device for abrasive fluid jet cutting has a compressor unit for compressing a fluid, which can be fed to a nozzle in the form of a high-pressure fluid flow, wherein the nozzle is designed to deliver a high-pressure fluid jet.
  • an interrupter unit is provided, by means of which the flow of fluid to the nozzle can be interrupted or at least severely throttled, the interrupter unit comprising a control space which can be filled with high-pressure fluid and which can be connected to a drainage space via a control valve.
  • the amount of control fluid discharged via the control valve flows via a supply line into a mixing chamber, wherein an abrasive particle leading abrasive channel opens into the supply line so that the quantity of control fluid enriched with abrasive particles mixes with the high-pressure fluid jet.
  • the control of the interrupter unit by means of an alternating pressure in a control room makes it necessary that a part of the control room befindl chen high-pressure fluid is deactivated.
  • This amount of fluid is used in the present inventive device to introduce the desired abrasive particles in the high-pressure fluid jet by this amount is mixed with the particles introduced into a mixing chamber.
  • this makes it possible to make sensible use of the amount of control fluid so that a channel with which this control quantity is conveyed back into the tank can be dispensed with, and on the other hand, the abrasive particles can be metered well and added to the high-pressure fluid jet.
  • the supply line is formed so that it opens eccentrically to the high-pressure fluid jet into the mixing chamber. This results in the mixing chamber, a swirl flow, which leads to a better mixing of the control fluid amount, which includes the abrasive particles, with the high-pressure fluid jet.
  • the mixing chamber of the nozzle is preferably arranged downstream, so that the abrasive particles after the nozzle the
  • High-pressure jet mixed and the abrasive particles does not lead to an excessive burden on the nozzle and thus to a shortened life of the nozzle.
  • the abrasive particles are already mixed in the region of the mouth of Abrasivkanals in the feed line with the Steuerfluidmenge, wherein in the feed line only a low pressure prevails, so that the abrasive particles hardly lead to a mechanical impairment of the feed line.
  • the interrupter unit comprises a movable control piston which delimits the control space which can be filled with the high-pressure fluid, so that a closing force can be exerted on the control piston by the pressure in the control chamber.
  • the movable control piston thus releases or interrupts the connection between the compressor unit and the nozzle, the piston operating according to the known servo-hydraulic principle, which ensures rapid switchability and high reliability.
  • the interrupter unit comprises a nozzle needle, which cooperates with a nozzle seat for interrupting the high pressure fluid flow to the nozzle.
  • the nozzle needle delimits the control chamber with its end face facing away from the nozzle seat, so that the nozzle nozzle del moved by the changing pressure in the control chamber in the longitudinal direction and thereby interrupts the high pressure fluid flow to the nozzle or releases.
  • This hydraulic principle is very similar to that of the control piston and has proven itself for example in the control of the fuel injection in fuel injection valves.
  • the control valve is preferably designed as a solenoid valve, which on the one hand ensures high reliability and fast switchability and on the other hand is relatively inexpensive to produce. But it is also possible to provide a piezoelectric valve instead of the solenoid valve, wherein the closing element of the control valve is moved by a piezoelectric actuator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first device according to the invention in a schematic representation
  • Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the mixing chamber in which the abrasive particles are admixed with the high-pressure fluid jet.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a device according to the invention for abrasive fluid jet cutting.
  • the device comprises a compressor unit 1, which comprises a fluid tank 2 and a high-pressure pump 3.
  • the high-pressure pump 3 By the high-pressure pump 3, the fluid to be used for fluid jet cutting, compressed and fed via a high-pressure line 4 to an interrupter unit 6.
  • the interrupter unit 6 comprises a housing 8 formed in a cavity 8, which is formed as a stepped bore and in des- sen side wall, an annular space 11 is formed. From the annular space 11, a high pressure passage 12 leads to a nozzle 25, through which the compressed fluid is expelled and passes into a mixing chamber 27, which is formed in a collimator 31. Finally, the high-pressure fluid jet 33 exits the collimator 31 and strikes a workpiece 35 which is cut or stripped by the high-pressure fluid jet 33.
  • a longitudinally movable control piston 7 is arranged, which is stepped, so that its two end faces have a different diameter and, accordingly, a different area.
  • the control piston 7 On the left in Figure 1 front side of the control piston 7, which has a smaller area than the opposite end face, the control piston 7 cooperates with a sealing seat 9, so that when the control piston 7 at the sealing seat 9 a connection of the high-pressure line 4 to the annulus 11 is interrupted.
  • With its right in the drawing end face of the control piston 7 limits the control chamber 108, which forms part of the cavity 8.
  • the control chamber 108 is hydraulically connected to the high pressure line 4 via a longitudinal bore 10 formed in the control piston 7, so that the control chamber 108 has a connection to the high pressure passage 4.
  • a discharge throttle 21 is provided, which connects the control chamber 108 with the discharge space 19, wherein the discharge throttle 21 can be closed or opened by means of a control valve 14.
  • the control valve 14 is designed as a solenoid valve and comprises a magnet armature 15 with a sealing ball 17, which closes the outlet throttle 21 when it rests on a sealing seat.
  • the armature 15 can be moved by an electromagnet 16 in the longitudinal direction away from the outlet throttle 21, wherein this movement is against the force of an armature spring 18, which is arranged under pressure bias in the drain chamber 19 and the armature 15 and thus the sealing ball 17 in the direction of Outflow throttle 21 applied with a force.
  • a supply line 20 leads to the mixing chamber 27, so that fluid diverted from the control space 108 into the discharge chamber 19 is introduced into the mixing chamber. chamber 27 drains off.
  • the high-pressure fluid jet 33 mixes with the amount of control fluid so that the fluid jet 33 ultimately emerging from the device contains highly compressed fluid together with abrasive particles.
  • This high-pressure fluid jet 33 impinges on a workpiece 35, the angle of impact and pressure depending on whether the high-pressure fluid jet 33 breaks up the workpiece 35 or if the high-pressure fluid jet 33 is capable of stripping the workpiece, for example a paint layer or other coating from the workpiece to remove.
  • the compressor unit 1 By the compressor unit 1 is in the high pressure passage 4 high pressure fluid under high pressure.
  • the high-pressure fluid is preferably purified water. If the control piston 7 in its closed position in contact with the sealing seat 9, it closes the high-pressure passage 4 with respect to the annular space 11, so that no high-pressure fluid jet 33 emerges from the nozzle 25. About the longitudinal bore 10 also prevails in the control chamber 108, the same high pressure as in the high pressure passage 4, so that the control piston 7 is held in its contact with the sealing seat 9.
  • the intermediate space which is formed by the stepped control piston 7, connected via a discharge channel 13 to the drain chamber 19, so that always a significant excess of force by the pressure in the control chamber 108 remains on the control piston 7.
  • the control fluid mixed with the particles, so that the mixture of control fluid and abrasive particles enters the mixing chamber 27.
  • the fluid mixes with the abrasive particles and the high-pressure fluid jet 33, so that the high-pressure fluid jet 33 ultimately emerging from the device is mixed with abrasive particles, which significantly increases the cutting action on the workpiece 35.
  • This makes it possible to cut the workpiece even with a relatively low pressure of, for example, 2000 bar (200 MPa), which is generally required by the pulsating high pressure fluid jet cutting already less high pressure fluid than in continuous water jet cutting.
  • Control valve 14 is controlled, can be used by the device described above to introduce the abrasive particles easily and accurately metered into the high-pressure fluid jet. This eliminates the need to promote the repelled fluid amount, for example via another line back into the tank.
  • the interrupter unit 6 is realized here in the form of a nozzle 25 with a nozzle needle 28 embedded therein.
  • the nozzle needle 28 is arranged longitudinally displaceable in a pressure chamber 26 within the nozzle 25 and takes over the function of the interrupter unit 6, so the function of the control piston 7 in the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the nozzle needle 28 cooperates with a nozzle seat 29, so that when plant on Nozzle seat 29, the connection of the pressure chamber 26 is interrupted to the nozzle opening 30.
  • the pressure chamber 26 is thereby through the compressor unit 1 with the high pressure fluid filled via a high-pressure line 4.
  • a control chamber 108 is also used here, via which an alternating fluid pressure in the control chamber 108 can be adjusted.
  • the control chamber 108 is filled here via a branch of the high-pressure line 4 with fluid and can be relieved of pressure via the outlet throttle 21, also controlled by a control valve 14 shown only schematically.
  • this diverted fluid amount is fed via a supply line 20 into a mixing chamber 27, wherein it is previously mixed with the abrasive particles via an abrasive line 22 opening into the feed line 20, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the mixing chamber 27 is formed in a collimator 31 which receives part of the nozzle 25.
  • the amount of control fluid that passes into the mixing chamber 27 via the feed channel 20 mixes with the high-pressure fluid jet 33 in the mixing chamber 27, so that ultimately a high-pressure fluid jet 33 mixed with abrasive particles also emerges here.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through an exemplary embodiment of the mixing chamber 27, which may be provided both in the first and in the second exemplary embodiment.
  • the mixing chamber 27 is designed so that the high-pressure fluid jet 33 is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the feed channel 20 opens into the mixing chamber 27 eccentrically to the high-pressure fluid jet 33, so that a slight swirl flow within the mixing chamber 27 is generated.
  • the high-pressure fluid jet 33 effectively mixes with the abrasive particles. These are scavenged out of the device along with the high pressure fluid jet 33.
  • the high-pressure fluid is preferably water, but there are also other liquids that can be correspondingly highly compressed, in principle suitable.
  • the admixed abrasive particles may be, for example, silicon carbide or silicon oxide, over the number and grain size of the effect can be adjusted.
  • the pressures at which the high pressure fluid jet 33 leaves the device are typically 1500 to 2000 bar (150 to 200 MPa), but may be lower, depending on the application. Basically, for a stripping of a workpiece, a lower pressure is sufficient than for a cutting of a workpiece.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

Device for abrasive fluid-jet cutting with a compressor unit (1) for compressing a fluid, which can be fed to a nozzle (25) in the form of a stream of high-pressure fluid, wherein the nozzle (25) is designed for discharging a high-pressure fluid jet (33). The stream of fluid to the nozzle (25) can be interrupted, or at least greatly restricted, by an interrupter unit (6), wherein the interrupter unit (6) comprises a control chamber (8), which can be filled with high-pressure fluid and can be connected to a drainage chamber (19) by way of a control valve (14). The quantity of control fluid removed by way of the control valve (14) flows through a feed line (20) into a mixing chamber (27), wherein an abrasive channel (22) carrying abrasive particles opens out into the feed line (20) and the quantity of control fluid mixes with the high-pressure fluid jet (33).

Description

Beschreibung Titel  Description title
Vorrichtung zum abrasiven Fluidstrahlschneiden  Apparatus for abrasive fluid jet cutting
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum abrasiven Fluidstrahlschneiden wie sie beispielsweise benutzt wird, um Werkstoffe mittels eines Hochdruckflu- idstrahls, dem abrasive Partikel beigemischt sind, zu schneiden oder zu ent- schichten. The invention relates to a device for abrasive fluid jet cutting as it is used, for example, to materials by means of a Hochdruckflu- idstrahls, the abrasive particles are mixed to cut or stratify.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Vorrichtungen zum Fluidstrahlschneiden mit hohem Druck bekannt, wobei die Vorrichtungen auch zum Entschichten von Werkstücken verwendet werden können. So ist aus der DE 10 2014 222 299 AI eine Vorrichtung bekannt, bei der ein Fluid, vorzugsweise Wasser, mittels einer Hochdruckpumpe verdichtet und einer Düse zugeführt wird, die einen Hoch- druckfluidstrahl abgeben kann. Die Düse ist dabei so ausgebildet, dass sie den Hochdruckfluidstrahl periodisch unterbrechen kann, so dass ein pulsierender Hochdruckfluidstrahl entsteht. Die eigentliche Unterbrechung des Hochdruckflu- idstrahls geschieht dabei mittels eines beweglichen Steuerkolbens, der servo- hydraulisch betrieben wird, d.h. über einen wechselnden Druck in einem Steuerraum gesteuert wird. Der Steuerkolben weist zwei Stirnflächen auf, wobei eine Stirnfläche, die den Steuerraum begrenzt, größer als die gegenüberliegende Stirnfläche des Steuerkolbens ausgebildet ist. Wird der Druck in dem Steuerraum, der von der größeren Stirnfläche des Steuerkolbens begrenzt wird, abgesenkt, so bewegt sich der Steuerkolben bedingt durch die hydraulischen Kräfte in denselben hinein und gibt so die Verbindung zwischen einer Verdichtereinheit und der Düse frei, so dass ein Hochdruckfluidstrahl aus der Düse austritt, mit dem das Werkstück zerschnitten oder entschichtet werden kann. Wird der Druck im Steuerraum wieder erhöht, so bewegt sich der Steuerkolben zurück in seine Schließstellung und unterbricht die Zufuhr von verdichtetem Fluid zur Düse, so auch der Hochdruckfluidstrahl unterbrochen wird. Prior art devices for high pressure fluid jet cutting are known, and the devices can also be used for stripping workpieces. Thus, DE 10 2014 222 299 A1 discloses a device in which a fluid, preferably water, is compressed by means of a high-pressure pump and fed to a nozzle which can deliver a high-pressure fluid jet. The nozzle is designed so that it can interrupt the high-pressure fluid jet periodically, so that a pulsating high-pressure fluid jet is formed. The actual interruption of the high-pressure fluid jet takes place here by means of a movable control piston, which is operated servo-hydraulically, ie is controlled via an alternating pressure in a control chamber. The control piston has two end faces, wherein an end face defining the control space is formed larger than the opposite end face of the control piston. If the pressure in the control chamber, which is limited by the larger end face of the control piston, lowered, the control piston moves due to the hydraulic forces in the same, and so releases the connection between a compressor unit and the nozzle, so that a high pressure fluid jet the nozzle exits, with the workpiece can be cut or stripped. When the pressure in the control chamber is increased again, the control piston moves back into its closed position and interrupts the supply of compressed fluid to the nozzle, so also the high-pressure fluid jet is interrupted.
Es ist auch bekannt, einem solchen Hochdruckfluidstrahl ein abrasives Medium beizumischen, um die Schneidwirkung zu verbessern. Die dem Hochdruckfluid beigemischten Partikel werden mit dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl beschleunigt und treffen zusammen mit diesem auf das zu bearbeitende Werkstück, was die Schneidwirkung bzw. Entschichtungswirkung deutlich verstärkt. Hierzu ist eineIt is also known to mix such a high-pressure fluid jet with an abrasive medium in order to improve the cutting action. The particles mixed with the high-pressure fluid are accelerated with the high-pressure fluid jet and, together with the latter, strike the workpiece to be machined, which significantly enhances the cutting action or stripping effect. This is a
Mischeinrichtung erforderlich, mit der die abrasiven Partikel dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl zugeführt werden können. Entscheidend ist dabei, die Menge der Partikel genau zu steuern, damit die Schneid- bzw. Entschichtungswirkung optimiert wird. Required mixing device with which the abrasive particles can be supplied to the high-pressure fluid jet. It is crucial to control the amount of particles exactly, so that the cutting or de-coating effect is optimized.
Vorteile der Erfindung Advantages of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum abrasiven Fluidstrahlschneiden weist demgegenüber den Vorteil auf, dass die Zuführung der Abrasivmittel mit gerin- gern Aufwand geschieht, so dass die Abrasivmittelzuführung ohne großen technischen Aufwand in die bekannten Apparaturen integriert werden kann. Dazu weist die Vorrichtung zum abrasiven Fluidstrahlschneiden eine Verdichtereinheit zur Verdichtung eines Fluids auf, das in Form eines Hochdruckfluidstroms einer Düse zuführbar ist, wobei die Düse zur Abgabe eines Hochdruckfluidstrahls aus- gebildet ist. Weiter ist eine Unterbrechereinheit vorgesehen, durch die der Flu- idstrom zur Düse unterbrochen oder zumindest stark gedrosselt werden kann, wobei die Unterbrechereinheit einen mit Hochdruckfluid befüllbaren Steuerraum umfasst, der über ein Steuerventil mit einem Ablaufraum verbindbar ist. Die über das Steuerventil abgeführte Steuerfluidmenge fließt über eine Zufuhrleitung in ei- ne Mischkammer, wobei ein Abrasivpartikel führender Abrasivkanal in die Zufuhrleitung mündet, so dass sich die mit abrasiven Partikeln angereicherte Steuerfluidmenge mit dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl mischt. In contrast, the device according to the invention for abrasive fluid jet cutting has the advantage that the supply of the abrasive takes place with little effort, so that the abrasive supply can be integrated into the known apparatus without great technical effort. For this purpose, the device for abrasive fluid jet cutting has a compressor unit for compressing a fluid, which can be fed to a nozzle in the form of a high-pressure fluid flow, wherein the nozzle is designed to deliver a high-pressure fluid jet. Furthermore, an interrupter unit is provided, by means of which the flow of fluid to the nozzle can be interrupted or at least severely throttled, the interrupter unit comprising a control space which can be filled with high-pressure fluid and which can be connected to a drainage space via a control valve. The amount of control fluid discharged via the control valve flows via a supply line into a mixing chamber, wherein an abrasive particle leading abrasive channel opens into the supply line so that the quantity of control fluid enriched with abrasive particles mixes with the high-pressure fluid jet.
Die Steuerung der Unterbrechereinheit mittels eines wechselnden Drucks in einem Steuerraum macht es erforderlich, dass ein Teil des im Steuerraum befindl chen Hochdruckfluids abgesteuert wird. Diese Fluidmenge wird in der vorliegenden erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dazu benutzt, die gewünschten Abrasivpartikel in den Hochdruckfluidstrahl einzubringen, indem diese Menge vermischt mit den Partikeln in eine Mischkammer eingebracht wird. Damit lässt sich zum einen die Steuerfluidmenge sinnvoll nutzen, so dass ein Kanal, mit dem diese Steuermenge zurück in den Tank befördert wird, entfallen kann, und zum anderen lassen sich so die Abrasivpartikel gut dosieren und dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl beimischen. In einer ersten vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Zuführleitung so ausgebildet, dass sie außermittig zum Hochdruckfluidstrahl in die Mischkammer mündet. Dadurch ergibt sich in der Mischkammer eine Drallströmung, die zu einer besseren Durchmischung der Steuerfluidmenge, die die Abrasivpartikel beinhaltet, mit dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl führt. Dabei ist die Mischkammer der Düse vorzugsweise nachgeordnet, so dass die Abrasivpartikel erst nach der Düse demThe control of the interrupter unit by means of an alternating pressure in a control room makes it necessary that a part of the control room befindl chen high-pressure fluid is deactivated. This amount of fluid is used in the present inventive device to introduce the desired abrasive particles in the high-pressure fluid jet by this amount is mixed with the particles introduced into a mixing chamber. On the one hand, this makes it possible to make sensible use of the amount of control fluid so that a channel with which this control quantity is conveyed back into the tank can be dispensed with, and on the other hand, the abrasive particles can be metered well and added to the high-pressure fluid jet. In a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, the supply line is formed so that it opens eccentrically to the high-pressure fluid jet into the mixing chamber. This results in the mixing chamber, a swirl flow, which leads to a better mixing of the control fluid amount, which includes the abrasive particles, with the high-pressure fluid jet. In this case, the mixing chamber of the nozzle is preferably arranged downstream, so that the abrasive particles after the nozzle the
Hochdruckstrahl beigemischt werden und die Abrasivpartikel nicht zu einer übergroßen Belastung der Düse und damit zu einer verkürzten Lebensdauer der Düse führt. Dabei werden die Abrasivpartikel bereits im Bereich der Mündung des Abrasivkanals in die Zuführleitung mit der Steuerfluidmenge vermischt, wobei in der Zuführleitung nur ein geringer Druck herrscht, so dass die Abrasivpartikel kaum zu einer mechanischen Beeinträchtigung der Zuführleitung führen. High-pressure jet mixed and the abrasive particles does not lead to an excessive burden on the nozzle and thus to a shortened life of the nozzle. The abrasive particles are already mixed in the region of the mouth of Abrasivkanals in the feed line with the Steuerfluidmenge, wherein in the feed line only a low pressure prevails, so that the abrasive particles hardly lead to a mechanical impairment of the feed line.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung umfasst die Unterbrechereinheit einen beweglichen Steuerkolben, welcher den mit dem Hochdruckfluid befüllbaren Steuerraum begrenzt, so dass durch den Druck im Steuerraum eine Schließkraft auf den Steuerkolben ausgeübt werden kann. Der bewegliche Steuerkolben gibt so die Verbindung zwischen der Verdichtereinheit und der Düse frei oder unterbricht dies, wobei der Kolben nach dem bekannten servo-hydraulischen Prinzip arbeitet, was eine schnelle Schaltbarkeit und eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit gewähr- leistet. In a further advantageous embodiment, the interrupter unit comprises a movable control piston which delimits the control space which can be filled with the high-pressure fluid, so that a closing force can be exerted on the control piston by the pressure in the control chamber. The movable control piston thus releases or interrupts the connection between the compressor unit and the nozzle, the piston operating according to the known servo-hydraulic principle, which ensures rapid switchability and high reliability.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung umfasst die Unterbrechereinheit eine Düsennadel, die mit einem Düsensitz zum Unterbrechen des Hochdruckflu- idstroms zur Düse zusammenwirkt. Dabei begrenzt die Düsennadel mit ihrer dem Düsensitz abgewandten Stirnfläche den Steuerraum, so dass sich die Düsenna- del durch den wechselnden Druck im Steuerraum in Längsrichtung bewegt und dadurch den Hochdruckfluidstrom zur Düse unterbricht oder freigibt. Dieses hydraulische Prinzip ist sehr ähnlich zu dem des Steuerkolbens und hat sich beispielsweise bei der Steuerung der Kraftstoffeinspritzung bei Kraftstoffeinspritzventilen bewährt. Das Steuerventil ist dabei vorzugsweise als Magnetventil ausgestaltet, was einerseits eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit und schnelle Schaltbarkeit sicherstellt und andererseits relativ kostengünstig herstellbar ist. Es ist aber auch möglich, statt des Magnetventils ein Piezoventil vorzusehen, bei dem das Schließelement des Steuerventils durch einen Piezoaktor bewegt wird. In a further advantageous embodiment, the interrupter unit comprises a nozzle needle, which cooperates with a nozzle seat for interrupting the high pressure fluid flow to the nozzle. In this case, the nozzle needle delimits the control chamber with its end face facing away from the nozzle seat, so that the nozzle nozzle del moved by the changing pressure in the control chamber in the longitudinal direction and thereby interrupts the high pressure fluid flow to the nozzle or releases. This hydraulic principle is very similar to that of the control piston and has proven itself for example in the control of the fuel injection in fuel injection valves. The control valve is preferably designed as a solenoid valve, which on the one hand ensures high reliability and fast switchability and on the other hand is relatively inexpensive to produce. But it is also possible to provide a piezoelectric valve instead of the solenoid valve, wherein the closing element of the control valve is moved by a piezoelectric actuator.
Zeichnung drawing
In der Zeichnung sind erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsbeispiele dargestellt. So zeigt In the drawings embodiments of the invention are shown. So shows
Figur 1 eine erste erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in schematischer Darstellung, 1 shows a first device according to the invention in a schematic representation,
Figur 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a device according to the invention and
Figur 3 eine Detailansicht der Mischkammer, in der die abrasiven Partikel dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl beigemischt werden. FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the mixing chamber in which the abrasive particles are admixed with the high-pressure fluid jet.
Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele Description of the embodiments
In Figur 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum abrasiven Fluidstrahl- schneiden schematisch dargestellt. Die Vorrichtung umfasst eine Verdichtereinheit 1, die einen Fluidtank 2 und eine Hochdruckpumpe 3 umfasst. Durch die Hochdruckpumpe 3 wird das Fluid, das zum Fluidstrahlschneiden verwendet werden soll, verdichtet und über eine Hochdruckleitung 4 einer Unterbrechereinheit 6 zugeführt. Die Unterbrechereinheit 6 umfasst einen in einem Gehäuse 5 ausgebildeten Hohlraum 8, der als gestufte Bohrung ausgebildet ist und in des- sen Seitenwand ein Ringraum 11 ausgebildet ist. Vom Ringraum 11 führt ein Hochruckkanal 12 zu einer Düse 25, durch die das verdichtete Fluid ausgedüst wird und in eine Mischkammer 27 gelangt, die in einem Kollimator 31 ausgebildet ist. Schließlich tritt der Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 aus dem Kollimator 31 aus und trifft auf ein Werkstück 35, das durch den Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 zerschnitten bzw. entschichtet wird. FIG. 1 schematically shows a device according to the invention for abrasive fluid jet cutting. The device comprises a compressor unit 1, which comprises a fluid tank 2 and a high-pressure pump 3. By the high-pressure pump 3, the fluid to be used for fluid jet cutting, compressed and fed via a high-pressure line 4 to an interrupter unit 6. The interrupter unit 6 comprises a housing 8 formed in a cavity 8, which is formed as a stepped bore and in des- sen side wall, an annular space 11 is formed. From the annular space 11, a high pressure passage 12 leads to a nozzle 25, through which the compressed fluid is expelled and passes into a mixing chamber 27, which is formed in a collimator 31. Finally, the high-pressure fluid jet 33 exits the collimator 31 and strikes a workpiece 35 which is cut or stripped by the high-pressure fluid jet 33.
Im Steuerraum 108 ist ein längsbeweglicher Steuerkolben 7 angeordnet, der gestuft ausgebildet ist, so dass seine beiden Stirnseiten einen unterschiedlichen Durchmesser und dementsprechend eine unterschiedliche Fläche aufweisen. Auf der in der Figur 1 linken Stirnseite des Steuerkolbens 7, die eine kleinere Fläche aufweist als die gegenüberliegende Stirnseite, wirkt der Steuerkolben 7 mit einem Dichtsitz 9 zusammen, so dass bei Anlage des Steuerkolbens 7 am Dichtsitz 9 eine Verbindung der Hochdruckleitung 4 zu dem Ringraum 11 unterbrochen wird. Mit seiner in der Zeichnung rechten Stirnseite begrenzt der Steuerkolben 7 den Steuerraum 108, der einen Teil des Hohlraums 8 bildet. Der Steuerraum 108 ist mit der Hochruckleitung 4 über eine im Steuerkolben 7 ausgebildete Längsbohrung 10 hydraulisch verbunden, so dass der Steuerraum 108 eine Verbindung zum Hochdruckkanal 4 aufweist. In the control chamber 108, a longitudinally movable control piston 7 is arranged, which is stepped, so that its two end faces have a different diameter and, accordingly, a different area. On the left in Figure 1 front side of the control piston 7, which has a smaller area than the opposite end face, the control piston 7 cooperates with a sealing seat 9, so that when the control piston 7 at the sealing seat 9 a connection of the high-pressure line 4 to the annulus 11 is interrupted. With its right in the drawing end face of the control piston 7 limits the control chamber 108, which forms part of the cavity 8. The control chamber 108 is hydraulically connected to the high pressure line 4 via a longitudinal bore 10 formed in the control piston 7, so that the control chamber 108 has a connection to the high pressure passage 4.
Zur Änderung des Drucks im Steuerraum 108 ist dieser mit einem Ablaufraum 19 verbindbar, in dem ein niedriger Fluiddruck herrscht. Dazu ist eine Ablaufdrossel 21 vorgesehen, die den Steuerraum 108 mit dem Ablaufraum 19 verbindet, wobei die Ablaufdrossel 21 mittels eines Steuerventils 14 verschlossen oder geöffnet werden kann. Das Steuerventil 14 ist als Magnetventil ausgebildet und um- fasst einen Magnetanker 15 mit einer Dichtkugel 17, die die Ablaufdrossel 21 bei Anlage auf einem Dichtsitz verschließt. Der Magnetanker 15 kann durch einen Elektromagneten 16 in Längsrichtung weg von der Ablaufdrossel 21 bewegt werden, wobei diese Bewegung entgegen der Kraft einer Ankerfeder 18 geschieht, die unter Druckvorspannung im Ablaufraum 19 angeordnet ist und den Magnetanker 15 und damit auch die Dichtkugel 17 in Richtung der Ablaufdrossel 21 mit einer Kraft beaufschlagt. To change the pressure in the control chamber 108, this is connectable to a drain chamber 19 in which a low fluid pressure prevails. For this purpose, a discharge throttle 21 is provided, which connects the control chamber 108 with the discharge space 19, wherein the discharge throttle 21 can be closed or opened by means of a control valve 14. The control valve 14 is designed as a solenoid valve and comprises a magnet armature 15 with a sealing ball 17, which closes the outlet throttle 21 when it rests on a sealing seat. The armature 15 can be moved by an electromagnet 16 in the longitudinal direction away from the outlet throttle 21, wherein this movement is against the force of an armature spring 18, which is arranged under pressure bias in the drain chamber 19 and the armature 15 and thus the sealing ball 17 in the direction of Outflow throttle 21 applied with a force.
Vom Ablaufraum 19 führt eine Zufuhrleitung 20 zur Mischkammer 27, so dass in den Ablaufraum 19 abgesteuertes Fluid aus dem Steuerraum 108 in die Misch- kammer 27 abfließt. In die Zuführleitung 20 mündet ein Abrasivkanal 22, über den abrasive Partikel aus einem Abrasivmittelbehälter 23 in die Zuführleitung 20 eingebracht werden können, so dass diese sich mit der Steuerfluidmenge vermischen und zusammen mit der Steuerfluidmenge in die Mischkammer 27 gelangen. In der Mischkammer 27 vermischt sich der Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 mit der Steuerfluidmenge, so dass der letztlich aus der Vorrichtung austretende Fluid- strahl 33 hochverdichtetes Fluid zusammen mit abrasiven Partikeln enthält. Dieser Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 trifft auf ein Werkstück 35, wobei vom Auftreffwinkel und vom Druck abhängt, ob der Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 das Werkstück 35 zerteilt oder ob der Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 geeignet ist, das Werkstück zu ent- schichten, um beispielsweise eine Farbschicht oder eine sonstige Beschichtung vom Werkstück zu entfernen. From the discharge space 19, a supply line 20 leads to the mixing chamber 27, so that fluid diverted from the control space 108 into the discharge chamber 19 is introduced into the mixing chamber. chamber 27 drains off. An abrasive channel 22, via which abrasive particles from an abrasive agent container 23 can be introduced into the feed line 20, opens into the feed line 20 so that they mix with the amount of control fluid and enter the mixing chamber 27 together with the quantity of control fluid. In the mixing chamber 27, the high-pressure fluid jet 33 mixes with the amount of control fluid so that the fluid jet 33 ultimately emerging from the device contains highly compressed fluid together with abrasive particles. This high-pressure fluid jet 33 impinges on a workpiece 35, the angle of impact and pressure depending on whether the high-pressure fluid jet 33 breaks up the workpiece 35 or if the high-pressure fluid jet 33 is capable of stripping the workpiece, for example a paint layer or other coating from the workpiece to remove.
Die Funktionsweise der Vorrichtung ist wie folgt: The operation of the device is as follows:
Durch die Verdichtereinheit 1 steht im Hochdruckkanal 4 Hochdruckfluid unter hohem Druck an. Das Hochdruckfluid ist dabei vorzugsweise gereinigtes Wasser. Ist der Steuerkolben 7 in seiner Schließstellung in Anlage am Dichtsitz 9, so verschließt er den Hochdruckkanal 4 gegenüber dem Ringraum 11, so dass kein Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 aus der Düse 25 austritt. Über die Längsbohrung 10 herrscht auch im Steuerraum 108 derselbe Hochdruck wie im Hochdruckkanal 4, so dass der Steuerkolben 7 in seiner Anlage am Dichtsitz 9 gehalten wird. Dabei ist der Zwischenraum, der durch den gestuften Steuerkolben 7 gebildet wird, über einen Entlastungskanal 13 mit dem Ablaufraum 19 verbunden, so dass stets ein deutlicher Kraftüberschuss durch den Druck im Steuerraum 108 auf den Steuerkolben 7 verbleibt. Soll ein Hochdruckfluidstrahl erzeugt werden, so wird das Steuerventil 14 betätigt und die Dichtkugel 17 gibt die Ablaufdrossel 21 frei. Dadurch strömt Hochdruckfluid aus dem Steuerraum 108 in den Ablaufraum 19 und verringert so den Druck im Steuerraum 108 und damit auch die hydraulische Kraft auf den Steuerkolben 7. Dieser bewegt sich damit in Richtung des Steuerraums 108 und gibt die Verbindung zwischen dem Hochdruckkanal 4 und dem Ringraum 11 frei. Dadurch strömt Hochdruckfluid über den Hochdruckkanal 12 und tritt aus der Düse 25 aus. Das Hochdruckfluid, das in den Ablaufraum 19 abgesteuert wird durch das geöffnete Steuerventil 14, läuft über den Zufuhrkanal 20 in Richtung der Mischkammer 27. Am Zusammenfluss der Zuführleitung 20 mit dem Abrasivkanal 22 vermischt sich das Steuerfluid mit den Partikeln, so dass das Gemisch aus Steuerfluid und abrasiven Partikeln in die Mischkammer 27 gelangt. Dort vermischt sich das Fluid mit den abrasiven Partikeln und dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33, so dass der letztlich aus der Vorrichtung austretende Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 mit abrasiven Partikeln versetzt ist, was die Schneidwirkung auf das Werkstück 35 deutlich erhöht. Dadurch ist es möglich, das Werkstück auch mit einem relativ geringen Druck von beispielsweise 2000 bar (200 MPa) zu schneiden, wobei allgemein durch das pulsierende Hochdruckfluidstrahlschneiden bereits weniger Hochdruckfluid benötigt wird als beim kontinuierlichen Wasserstrahlschneiden. Durch das Schließen des Steuerventils 14 stellen sich die vorherigen Druckverhältnisse am Steuerkolben 7 wieder ein, so dass dieser zurück in seine Schließstellung in An- läge an den Ventilsitz 9 gedrückt wird und die Verbindung zwischen dem Hochdruckkanal 4 und dem Hochdruckkanal 12 wieder unterbricht. Durch Öffnen und Schließen des Steuerventils 14 kann so ein pulsierender Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 erzeugt werden. Die Steuermenge, die notwendigerweise beim Betrieb des servo-hydraulischenBy the compressor unit 1 is in the high pressure passage 4 high pressure fluid under high pressure. The high-pressure fluid is preferably purified water. If the control piston 7 in its closed position in contact with the sealing seat 9, it closes the high-pressure passage 4 with respect to the annular space 11, so that no high-pressure fluid jet 33 emerges from the nozzle 25. About the longitudinal bore 10 also prevails in the control chamber 108, the same high pressure as in the high pressure passage 4, so that the control piston 7 is held in its contact with the sealing seat 9. In this case, the intermediate space, which is formed by the stepped control piston 7, connected via a discharge channel 13 to the drain chamber 19, so that always a significant excess of force by the pressure in the control chamber 108 remains on the control piston 7. If a high-pressure fluid jet is to be generated, the control valve 14 is actuated and the sealing ball 17 releases the outlet throttle 21. As a result, high pressure fluid flows from the control chamber 108 into the discharge chamber 19 and thus reduces the pressure in the control chamber 108 and thus also the hydraulic force on the control piston 7. This moves in the direction of the control chamber 108 and gives the connection between the high-pressure channel 4 and the annulus 11 free. As a result, high-pressure fluid flows via the high-pressure passage 12 and exits from the nozzle 25. The high-pressure fluid, which is discharged into the discharge space 19 through the open control valve 14, passes through the supply channel 20 in the direction of the mixing chamber 27. At the confluence of the supply line 20 with the abrasive channel 22, the control fluid mixed with the particles, so that the mixture of control fluid and abrasive particles enters the mixing chamber 27. There, the fluid mixes with the abrasive particles and the high-pressure fluid jet 33, so that the high-pressure fluid jet 33 ultimately emerging from the device is mixed with abrasive particles, which significantly increases the cutting action on the workpiece 35. This makes it possible to cut the workpiece even with a relatively low pressure of, for example, 2000 bar (200 MPa), which is generally required by the pulsating high pressure fluid jet cutting already less high pressure fluid than in continuous water jet cutting. By closing the control valve 14, the previous pressure conditions on the control piston 7 set again, so that it is pressed back into its closed position in Anlage to the valve seat 9 and the connection between the high pressure passage 4 and the high pressure passage 12 again interrupts. By opening and closing the control valve 14, a pulsating high-pressure fluid jet 33 can thus be generated. The amount of tax that is necessary during operation of the servo-hydraulic
Steuerventils 14 abgesteuert wird, kann durch die oben beschriebene Vorrichtung genutzt werden, um die abrasiven Partikel einfach und genau dosiert in den Hochdruckfluidstrahl einzubringen. Damit entfällt auch die Notwendigkeit, die abgesteuerte Fluidmenge beispielsweise über eine weitere Leitung wieder zurück in den Tank zu fördern. Control valve 14 is controlled, can be used by the device described above to introduce the abrasive particles easily and accurately metered into the high-pressure fluid jet. This eliminates the need to promote the repelled fluid amount, for example via another line back into the tank.
In Figur 2 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung schematisch dargestellt. Die Unterbrechereinheit 6 ist hier in Form einer Düse 25 mit darin eingebetteter Düsennadel 28 realisiert. Die Düsennadel 28 ist in einem Druckraum 26 innerhalb der Düse 25 längsverschiebbar angeordnet und übernimmt hier die Funktion der Unterbrechereinheit 6, also die Funktion des Steuerkolbens 7 im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1. Die Düsennadel 28 wirkt mit einem Düsensitz 29 zusammen, so dass bei Anlage am Düsensitz 29 die Verbindung des Druckraums 26 zur Düsenöffnung 30 unterbrochen wird. Der Druckraum 26 wird dabei durch die Verdichtereinheit 1 mit dem Hochdruckfluid über eine Hochdruckleitung 4 befüllt. Zur Bewegung der Düsennadel 28 in der Düse 25 dient auch hier ein Steuerraum 108, über den ein wechselnder Fluid- druck im Steuerraum 108 einstellbar ist. Der Steuerraum 108 wird hier über einen Abzweig der Hochdruckleitung 4 mit Fluid befüllt und kann über die Ablaufdrossel 21 druckentlastet werden, auch hier gesteuert über ein nur schematisch dargestelltes Steuerventil 14. Auch diese abgesteuerte Fluidmenge wird über eine Zuführleitung 20 in eine Mischkammer 27 geleitet, wobei sie zuvor über eine in die Zuführleitung 20 mündende Abrasivleitung 22 mit den abrasiven Partikeln vermischt wird, wie schon beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1. Die Mischkammer 27 ist in einem Kollimator 31 ausgebildet, der einen Teil der Düse 25 aufnimmt. Die Steuerfluidmenge, die über den Zuführkanal 20 in die Mischkammer 27 gelangt, vermischt sich in der Mischkammer 27 mit dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33, so dass letztlich auch hier ein mit abrasiven Partikeln vermischter Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 austritt. 2 shows a second embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown schematically. The interrupter unit 6 is realized here in the form of a nozzle 25 with a nozzle needle 28 embedded therein. The nozzle needle 28 is arranged longitudinally displaceable in a pressure chamber 26 within the nozzle 25 and takes over the function of the interrupter unit 6, so the function of the control piston 7 in the embodiment of Figure 1. The nozzle needle 28 cooperates with a nozzle seat 29, so that when plant on Nozzle seat 29, the connection of the pressure chamber 26 is interrupted to the nozzle opening 30. The pressure chamber 26 is thereby through the compressor unit 1 with the high pressure fluid filled via a high-pressure line 4. To move the nozzle needle 28 in the nozzle 25, a control chamber 108 is also used here, via which an alternating fluid pressure in the control chamber 108 can be adjusted. The control chamber 108 is filled here via a branch of the high-pressure line 4 with fluid and can be relieved of pressure via the outlet throttle 21, also controlled by a control valve 14 shown only schematically. Also this diverted fluid amount is fed via a supply line 20 into a mixing chamber 27, wherein it is previously mixed with the abrasive particles via an abrasive line 22 opening into the feed line 20, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1. The mixing chamber 27 is formed in a collimator 31 which receives part of the nozzle 25. The amount of control fluid that passes into the mixing chamber 27 via the feed channel 20 mixes with the high-pressure fluid jet 33 in the mixing chamber 27, so that ultimately a high-pressure fluid jet 33 mixed with abrasive particles also emerges here.
Zur besseren Durchmischung des Hochdruckfluidstrahls 33 mit den Partikeln zeigt Figur 3 einen Schnitt durch ein Ausführungsbespiel der Mischkammer 27, die sowohl im ersten wie auch im zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel vorgesehen sein kann. Dabei ist die Mischkammer 27 so gestaltet, dass der Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene ist. Der Zuführkanal 20 mündet in die Mischkammer 27 außermittig zum Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33, so dass eine leichte Drallströmung innerhalb der Mischkammer 27 erzeugt wird. Dadurch vermischt sich der Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 effektiv mit den abrasiven Partikeln. Diese werden zusammen mit dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 aus der Vorrichtung ausgedüst. For better mixing of the high-pressure fluid jet 33 with the particles, FIG. 3 shows a section through an exemplary embodiment of the mixing chamber 27, which may be provided both in the first and in the second exemplary embodiment. In this case, the mixing chamber 27 is designed so that the high-pressure fluid jet 33 is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The feed channel 20 opens into the mixing chamber 27 eccentrically to the high-pressure fluid jet 33, so that a slight swirl flow within the mixing chamber 27 is generated. As a result, the high-pressure fluid jet 33 effectively mixes with the abrasive particles. These are scavenged out of the device along with the high pressure fluid jet 33.
Als Hochdruckfluid dient vorzugsweise Wasser, aber es sind auch andere Flüssigkeiten, die sich entsprechend hochverdichten lassen, grundsätzlich geeignet. Die beigemischten abrasiven Partikel können beispielsweise Siliziumcarbit oder Siliziumoxid sein, über deren Anzahl und Korngröße die Wirkung eingestellt werden kann. Die Drücke, mit denen der Hochdruckfluidstrahl 33 die Vorrichtung ver- lässt, betragen typischerweise 1500 bis 2000 bar (150 bis 200 MPa), können jedoch auch niedriger sein, was von der Anwendung abhängt. Grundsätzlich ist für eine Entschichtung eines Werkstücks ein niedrigerer Druck ausreichend als für ein Zerschneiden eines Werkstücks. The high-pressure fluid is preferably water, but there are also other liquids that can be correspondingly highly compressed, in principle suitable. The admixed abrasive particles may be, for example, silicon carbide or silicon oxide, over the number and grain size of the effect can be adjusted. The pressures at which the high pressure fluid jet 33 leaves the device are typically 1500 to 2000 bar (150 to 200 MPa), but may be lower, depending on the application. Basically, for a stripping of a workpiece, a lower pressure is sufficient than for a cutting of a workpiece.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zum abrasiven Fluidstrahlschneiden mit einer Verdichtereinheit (1) zur Verdichtung eines Fluids, das in Form eines Hochdruckfluidstroms einer Düse (25) zuführbar ist, wobei die Düse (25) zur Abgabe eines Hoch- druckfluidstrahls (33) ausgebildet ist, und mit einer Unterbrechereinheit (6), durch die der Fluidstrom zur Düse (25) unterbrochen oder zumindest stark gedrosselt werden kann, wobei die Unterbrechereinheit (6) einen mit Hoch- druckfluid befüllbaren Steuerraum (8) umfasst, der über ein Steuerventil (14) mit einem Ablaufraum (19) verbindbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die über das Steuerventil (14) abgeführte Steuerfluidmenge über eine Zufuhrleitung (20) in eine Mischkammer (27) mündet, wobei ein Abrasivpartikel führender Abrasivkanal (22) in die Zufuhrleitung (20) mündet und sich die Steuerfluidmenge mit dem Hochdruckfluidstrahl (33) mischt. 1. An apparatus for abrasive fluid jet cutting with a compressor unit (1) for compressing a fluid which can be supplied in the form of a high-pressure fluid flow of a nozzle (25), wherein the nozzle (25) for discharging a high-pressure fluid jet (33) is formed, and an interrupter unit (6) through which the fluid flow to the nozzle (25) can be interrupted or at least severely throttled, the interrupter unit (6) comprising a control chamber (8) which can be filled with high-pressure fluid and which has a control valve (14) Drainage space (19) is connectable, characterized in that via the control valve (14) discharged control fluid amount via a supply line (20) into a mixing chamber (27) opens, wherein an abrasive particles leading abrasive channel (22) in the supply line (20) opens and the amount of control fluid mixes with the high pressure fluid jet (33).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zufuhrleitung (20) außermittig zum Hochdruckfluidstrahl (33) in die Mischkammer (27) mündet. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply line (20) off-center to the high-pressure fluid jet (33) in the mixing chamber (27) opens.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mischkammer (27) der Düse (25) nachgeordnet ist. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing chamber (27) of the nozzle (25) is arranged downstream.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abrasivkanal (22) so in die Zufuhrleitung (20) mündet, dass die Abrasivpartikel im Abrasivkanal (22) mit der Steuerfluidmenge vermischt werden. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the abrasive channel (22) opens into the supply line (20) that the abrasive particles in the abrasive channel (22) are mixed with the Steuerfluidmenge.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unterbrechereinheit (6) einen beweglichen Steuerkolben (7) aufweist, welcher den mit dem Hochdruckfluid befüllbaren Steuerraum (8) begrenzt, so dass durch den Druck im Steuerraum (8) eine Schließkraft auf den Steuerkolben (7) ausgeübt werden kann. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the interrupter unit (6) has a movable control piston (7), which with the limited to the high-pressure fluid control chamber (8), so that by the pressure in the control chamber (8) a closing force on the control piston (7) can be exercised.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Steuerkolben (7) mit einem Dichtsitz (9) zum Öffnen und Schließen einer Verbindung zwischen der Verdichtereinheit (1) und der Düse (25) zusammenwirkt. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the control piston (7) with a sealing seat (9) for opening and closing a connection between the compressor unit (1) and the nozzle (25) cooperates.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unterbrechereinheit (6) eine Düsennadel (28) umfasst, die mit einem Düsensitz (29) zum Unterbrechen des Hochdruckfluidstroms zur Düse (25) zusammenwirkt, wobei die Düsennadel (28) mit ihrer dem Düsensitz (29) abgewandten Stirnfläche den Steuerraum (8) begrenzt. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the interrupter unit (6) comprises a nozzle needle (28) which cooperates with a nozzle seat (29) for interrupting the high-pressure fluid flow to the nozzle (25), wherein the nozzle needle (28) with its the nozzle seat (28). 29) facing away from the end face of the control chamber (8).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuerventil (14) als Magnetventil ausgestaltet ist. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the control valve (14) is designed as a solenoid valve.
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DE102008008701A1 (en) * 2008-02-11 2009-09-10 Hammelmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Method for manufacturing water abrasive jet, involves supplying abrasive agent under high pressure water jet according to injector principle, and interrupting water jet before supplying abrasive agent
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