EP3527798B1 - Système de moteur à gaz - Google Patents

Système de moteur à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3527798B1
EP3527798B1 EP17860241.3A EP17860241A EP3527798B1 EP 3527798 B1 EP3527798 B1 EP 3527798B1 EP 17860241 A EP17860241 A EP 17860241A EP 3527798 B1 EP3527798 B1 EP 3527798B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
catalyst
gas engine
gas
pipe
turbocharger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17860241.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3527798A4 (fr
EP3527798A1 (fr
Inventor
Yosuke Nonaka
Takashi Horie
Takafumi Higuchi
Gen KIYOTAKI
Masato Nakai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3527798A1 publication Critical patent/EP3527798A1/fr
Publication of EP3527798A4 publication Critical patent/EP3527798A4/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/36—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an exhaust flap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
    • F01N2340/06—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for stationary applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas engine system including a gas engine and a turbocharger.
  • gas engine systems that include: a gas engine that combusts fuel gas to drive, for example, a power generator; and a turbocharger that uses exhaust gas discharged from the gas engine as a driving source and feeds compressed air to the gas engine.
  • a gas engine system adopts a gas engine of a flame propagation type, which ignites an air-fuel mixture supplied into a combustion chamber by pilot light (e.g., by a spark generated by a spark plug or by self-ignition of pilot oil), the air-fuel mixture being a mixture of fuel gas and compressed air.
  • pilot light e.g., by a spark generated by a spark plug or by self-ignition of pilot oil
  • the air-fuel mixture being a mixture of fuel gas and compressed air.
  • part of the fuel gas is left uncombusted near the wall surface of the combustion chamber, and the uncombusted fuel gas is discharged from the gas engine together with exhaust gas.
  • the uncombusted fuel gas in the exhaust gas contains a large amount of methane.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses oxidizing the uncombusted fuel gas in the exhaust gas by using a catalyst.
  • the catalyst is set in an exhaust gas passage extending from the gas engine to the turbocharger.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas before it is expanded in the turbocharger is high. Accordingly, in the exhaust gas passage extending from the gas engine, if the catalyst is set upstream of the turbocharger, the uncombusted fuel gas can be oxidized by the catalyst more efficiently than in a case where the catalyst is set downstream of the turbocharger.
  • Patent Literature 2 discloses setting a catalyst in the exhaust gas passage extending from the gas engine to the turbocharger, the catalyst being used for SCR (selective catalytic reduction) in which nitrogen oxides (NOx) are reduced by using methane as a reductant, although the catalyst set in the exhaust gas passage in Patent Literature 2 is not a catalyst that oxidizes the uncombusted fuel gas.
  • SCR selective catalytic reduction
  • EP 2527610 A1 discloses a selective catalytic reduction section and a turbocharged engine.
  • EP 2636863 A2 discloses a device and a method of determining deterioration of a catalytic substance.
  • JP 2016/138558 A discloses a large-sized two-stroke diesel engine with an exhaust gas purification function.
  • Patent Literature 1 merely discloses a schematic configuration of the gas engine system in the form of a block diagram, and does not disclose what layout should be adopted. For example, if the gas engine and the turbocharger are connected by straight piping, and a catalyst converter incorporating a catalyst therein is interposed in the middle of the piping, the overall length of the gas engine system will be significantly great.
  • Patent Literature 2 discloses a layout in which, in relation to the gas engine, a catalyst converter incorporating a catalyst therein is disposed in a direction orthogonal to the cylinder arrangement direction, and the turbocharger is disposed above a gap between the catalyst converter and the gas engine.
  • the catalyst incorporated in the catalyst converter of Patent Literature 2 is not a catalyst that oxidizes the uncombusted fuel gas, but a catalyst for SCR.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a gas engine system that allows a catalyst converter for oxidizing uncombusted fuel gas in exhaust gas to be interposed in an exhaust gas passage extending from a gas engine to a turbocharger while allowing the turbocharger to be disposed adjacently to the gas engine.
  • the gas engine system includes: a gas engine including a crank shaft and a plurality of cylinders arranged in an axial direction of the crank shaft; an exhaust pipe extending over the plurality of cylinders in a bridging manner; a turbocharger disposed at a position that is away in the axial direction of the crank shaft from one end portion of the exhaust pipe; and a catalyst converter that incorporates therein a catalyst that oxidizes uncombusted fuel gas in exhaust gas discharged from the gas engine; wherein the catalyst converter is imposed in a passage extending from an exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust pipe to an exhaust gas inlet of the turbocharger.
  • the gas engine system is characterized by a power generator disposed opposite to the turbocharger, with the gas engine being positioned between the power generator and the turbocharger, the power generator being coupled to the crank shaft, wherein the catalyst converter is disposed above the power generator.
  • the power generator is disposed opposite to the turbocharger, with the gas engine being positioned between the power generator and the turbocharger. Therefore, particularly in a case where the exhaust gas outlet is provided at the other end portion of the exhaust pipe, the other end portion being positioned opposite to the aforementioned one end portion positioned at the turbocharger side, the catalyst converter can be disposed by utilizing relatively useless space above the power generator.
  • the one end portion of the exhaust pipe at the turbocharger side may be provided with a bypass port.
  • the gas engine system may further include: a first relay pipe that connects the exhaust gas outlet and the catalyst converter; a second relay pipe that connects the catalyst converter and the exhaust gas inlet of the turbocharger; a bypass pipe that extends from the bypass port of the exhaust pipe, and merges with the second relay pipe; a first bypass valve provided on the first relay pipe; and a second bypass valve provided on the second relay pipe and positioned upstream of a position where the bypass pipe merges with the second relay pipe. According to this configuration, replacement of the catalyst can be performed even while the gas engine system is operating.
  • the catalyst converter may include: a tubular casing accommodating a catalyst support; an upstream-side hood that expands toward the casing; and a downstream-side hood that narrows from the casing.
  • the upstream-side hood may be provided with an injection mechanism that injects water, steam, or gas toward the catalyst support. This configuration makes it possible to lay out the catalyst support over a wide area. Moreover, by injecting the water, steam, or gas from the injection mechanism toward the catalyst support, excessive increase in the catalyst temperature can be suppressed; extraneous matter adhered to the surface of the catalyst support can be removed; or the catalyst can be activated at an early stage of the start of the gas engine.
  • the catalyst converter may incorporate therein an adsorbent positioned upstream of the catalyst, the adsorbent being capable of adsorbing a substance that causes degradation of performance of the catalyst. This configuration makes it possible to extend the life of the catalyst.
  • the catalyst converter may be provided with a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the catalyst converter.
  • An oxidizing reaction of the uncombusted fuel gas, which is catalyzed by the catalyst, is highly sensitive to the concentration of the uncombusted fuel gas in the exhaust gas. Therefore, by providing the catalyst converter with the temperature sensor, abnormalities in the gas engine that cause increase in the concentration of the uncombusted fuel gas can be detected.
  • the present invention makes it possible to allow the catalyst converter for oxidizing the uncombusted fuel gas in the exhaust gas to be interposed in the exhaust gas passage extending from the gas engine to the turbocharger while allowing the turbocharger to be disposed adjacently to the gas engine.
  • Figs. 1 to 2B show a gas engine system 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment is intended for realizing a suitable layout for a 4-stroke gas engine.
  • the gas engine system 1 includes: a 4-stroke gas engine 2, which combusts fuel gas; and a power generator 15 driven by the gas engine 2.
  • the gas engine system 1 further includes: a turbocharger 5 disposed adjacently to the gas engine 2; and an air cooler 12 and a catalyst converter 6, which are provided between the gas engine 2 and the turbocharger 5.
  • the gas engine 2 includes: a crank shaft 22; and an engine frame 21, which accommodates large part of the crank shaft 22.
  • An end portion of the crank shaft 22, the end portion projecting from the engine frame 21, is coupled to the power generator 15 via a flywheel 14.
  • the flywheel 14 is driven by an unshown starter motor that is an air motor.
  • a plurality of cylinders 31 are incorporated in the engine frame 21.
  • the cylinders 31 are arranged in the axial direction of the crank shaft 22 in two rows.
  • One row of cylinders 31 and the other row of cylinders 31 are inclined relative to the vertical direction at the same angle.
  • the angle between the cylinders 31 is an acute angle, and the cylinders 31 form a V shape.
  • the one row of cylinders 31 and the other row of cylinders 31 may be inclined relative to the vertical direction at different angles from each other.
  • the angle between the cylinders 31 when seen in the axial direction of the crank shaft 22 may be the right angle such that the cylinders 31 form an L shape.
  • the cylinders 31 may be arranged in a single row.
  • Each cylinder 31 forms a combustion chamber 30 together with a piston 33 disposed in the cylinder 31 and a corresponding one of cylinder heads 32.
  • An intake port 3a and an exhaust port 3b are formed in each cylinder head 32.
  • the cylinder head 32 is also provided with intake valves 34 and exhaust valves 35.
  • the intake valves 34 open/close the opening of the intake port 3a to the combustion chamber 30, and the exhaust valves 35 open/close the opening of the exhaust port 3b to the combustion chamber 30.
  • the cylinder head 32 is further provided with a fuel valve 36, which injects the fuel gas into the intake port 3a.
  • the fuel gas is, for example, natural gas containing methane as a main component.
  • an intake chamber 2a is formed, which extends in the axial direction of the crank shaft 22 along all the cylinders 31 in a bridging manner.
  • the intake ports 3a provided for the respective cylinders 31 are each connected to the intake chamber 2a by corresponding one of first connecting pipes 2c.
  • an exhaust pipe 4 is disposed.
  • the exhaust pipe 4 extends in the axial direction of the crank shaft 22 over all the cylinders 31 in a bridging manner.
  • the exhaust ports 3b provided for the respective cylinders 31 are each connected to the exhaust pipe 4 by a corresponding one of second connecting pipes 2b.
  • the turbocharger 5 is disposed at a position that is away in the axial direction of the crank shaft 22 from one end portion of the exhaust pipe 4, the one end portion being positioned opposite to the other end portion positioned at the power generator 15 side.
  • the turbocharger 5 is disposed opposite to the power generator 15, with the gas engine 2 being positioned between the turbocharger 5 and the power generator 15.
  • the axial direction of the crank shaft 22 is referred to as the forward-rearward direction (in particular, the turbocharger 5 side is referred to as the forward side, and the power generator 15 side is referred to as the rearward side), and the horizontal direction orthogonal to the forward-rearward direction is referred to as the right-left direction (in particular, the front side of the direction orthogonal to the plane of Fig. 1 is referred to as the right side, and the back side of the direction is referred to as the left side).
  • the turbocharger 5 includes: a compressor including an air inlet 51 and an air outlet 52; and a turbine including an exhaust gas inlet 53 and an exhaust gas outlet 54.
  • the air inlet 51 is open to the left, and the air outlet 52 is open diagonally downward.
  • the exhaust gas inlet 53 is open upward (not in a direction toward the exhaust pipe 4), and the exhaust gas outlet 54 is open forward.
  • the air cooler 12 is disposed immediately below the turbocharger 5 and forward of the gas engine 2.
  • the air outlet 52 of the turbocharger 5 is connected to the air cooler 12 by a first air supply pipe 11, and the air cooler 12 is connected to the intake chamber 2a by a second air supply pipe 13.
  • the first air supply pipe 11 extends diagonally downward and then smoothly bends diagonally sideways.
  • the second air supply pipe 13 has a straight shape extending in the forward-rearward direction.
  • the catalyst converter 6 is disposed above the power generator 15.
  • the catalyst converter 6 is disposed opposite to the turbocharger 5, with the exhaust pipe 4 being positioned between the catalyst converter 6 and the turbocharger 5.
  • the catalyst converter 6 includes an inlet open forward and an outlet open rearward, and the catalyst converter 6 incorporates therein a catalyst that oxidizes uncombusted fuel gas in exhaust gas discharged from the gas engine 2.
  • the rear end portion of the exhaust pipe 4 is provided with an exhaust gas outlet 41, which is open rearward.
  • the forward end portion of the exhaust pipe 4 is provided with a bypass port 42, which is open forward.
  • the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust pipe 4 is connected to the inlet of the catalyst converter 6 by a first relay pipe 71, and the outlet of the catalyst converter 6 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet 53 of the turbocharger 5 by a second relay pipe 72. That is, the first relay pipe 71, the catalyst converter 6, and the second relay pipe 72 form a passage extending from the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust pipe 4 to the exhaust gas inlet 53 of the turbocharger 5.
  • the catalyst converter 6 is interposed in the passage extending from the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust pipe 4 to the exhaust gas inlet 53 of the turbocharger 5.
  • the first relay pipe 71 has a straight shape extending in the forward-rearward direction.
  • the second relay pipe 72 includes: a straight portion extending in the forward-rearward direction immediately above the catalyst converter 6 and the exhaust pipe 4; a 180-degree bent portion extending from the outlet of the catalyst converter 6 to the upstream end of the straight portion; and a 90-degree bent portion extending from the downstream end of the straight portion to the exhaust gas inlet 53 of the turbocharger 5.
  • expandable and contractable members intended for absorbing thermal expansion may be incorporated at suitable positions in the first relay pipe 71 and the second relay pipe 72.
  • the bypass port 42 of the exhaust pipe 4 is connected to the second relay pipe 72 by a bypass pipe 8.
  • the bypass pipe 8 bends from the bypass port 42 of the exhaust pipe 4 by 90 degrees, and merges with the straight portion of the second relay pipe 72.
  • the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 4 is led to the catalyst converter 6 through the first relay pipe 71.
  • the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 4 is led the second relay pipe 72 through the bypass pipe 8.
  • the first relay pipe 71 is provided with a first bypass valve 75
  • the second relay pipe 72 is provided with a second bypass valve 76.
  • the second bypass valve 76 is positioned upstream of a position where the bypass pipe 8 merges with the second relay pipe 72.
  • the bypass pipe 8 is provided with a third bypass valve 85. Normally, the third bypass valve 85 is in a closed state, and the first bypass valve 75 and the second bypass valve 76 are in an open state. In a particular situation, the first bypass valve 75 and the second bypass valve 76 are closed, and the third bypass valve 85 is opened.
  • the catalyst converter 6 includes: a tubular casing 62 accommodating catalyst supports 65 and extending in the forward-rearward direction; an upstream-side hood 61, which expands toward the casing 62; and a downstream-side hood 63, which narrows from the casing 62.
  • the casing 62 has a rectangular sectional shape.
  • the casing 62 may have a circular sectional shape, for example.
  • the interior of the casing 62 is divided into a plurality of small rooms by a lattice member 64.
  • a plurality of catalyst supports 65 are disposed such that they are stacked in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
  • Each of the catalyst supports 65 has, for example, a structure in which corrugated plates and flat plates are stacked alternately, and coating layers each containing a catalyst are formed on the surfaces of these plates.
  • fine metal particles made of, for example, platinum or palladium can be used as the catalyst.
  • the upstream-side hood 61 is provided with an injection mechanism 9, which injects water, steam, or gas toward the catalyst supports 65.
  • the injection mechanism 9 is formed by, for example, a main pipe 91 and a plurality of branch pipes 92.
  • the main pipe 91 extends in the right-left direction above the upstream-side hood 61.
  • the plurality of branch pipes 92 hang down from the main pipe 91 into the upstream-side hood 61.
  • Each of the branch pipes 92 is provided with nozzles that are directed rearward and arranged at regular pitches. However, the injection mechanism 9 may be eliminated.
  • the catalyst converter 6 is provided with a temperature sensor 67 for detecting the temperature of the catalyst converter 6.
  • An oxidizing reaction of the uncombusted fuel gas, which is catalyzed by the catalyst, is highly sensitive to the concentration of the uncombusted fuel gas in the exhaust gas. Therefore, by providing the catalyst converter 6 with the temperature sensor 67, abnormalities in the gas engine 2 that cause increase in the concentration of the uncombusted fuel gas (e.g., fuel gas leakage from the fuel valves 36) can be detected.
  • the route of the piping from the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust pipe 4 to the exhaust gas inlet 53 of the turbocharger 5 can be freely set depending on the directions of the openings of the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust pipe 4 and the exhaust gas inlet 53 of the turbocharger 5. That is, whatever position the catalyst converter 6, which incorporates therein the catalyst that oxidizes the uncombusted fuel gas in the exhaust gas, is disposed at, the catalyst converter 6 can be connected to the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust pipe 4 and the exhaust gas inlet 53 of the turbocharger 5. In other words, the catalyst converter 6 can be interposed in the exhaust gas passage extending from the gas engine 2 to the turbocharger 5 while allowing the turbocharger 5 to be disposed adjacently to the gas engine 2.
  • the rear end portion of the exhaust pipe is provided with the exhaust gas outlet 41, and the catalyst converter 6 is disposed rearward of the exhaust pipe 4. This makes it possible to connect the catalyst converter 6 and the exhaust gas outlet 41 by the shortest possible distance. Furthermore, the catalyst converter 6 is disposed above the power generator 15. That is, the catalyst converter 6 can be disposed by utilizing relatively useless space above the power generator 15.
  • the present embodiment includes the bypass pipe 8. Therefore, by closing the first bypass valve 75 and the second bypass valve 76 and opening the third bypass valve 85, replacement of the catalyst (in the present embodiment, the catalyst supports 65) can be performed even while the gas engine system 1 is operating. It should be noted that in the case of performing the replacement of the catalyst while the gas engine system 1 is in a stopped state, the bypass pipe 8 and the first and second bypass valves 75 and 76 may be eliminated.
  • the catalyst converter 6 is configured such that the catalyst converter 6 widens from both end portions thereof toward the central portion thereof. This makes it possible to lay out the catalyst supports 65 over a wide area. Consequently, pressure loss can be reduced. Since the upstream-side hood 61 of the catalyst converter 6 is provided with the injection mechanism 9, excessive increase in the catalyst temperature can be suppressed; extraneous matter adhered to the surface of the catalyst supports 65 can be removed; or the catalyst can be activated at an early stage of the start of the gas engine 2.
  • the concentration of the uncombusted fuel gas in the exhaust gas increases, abnormal oxidation may occur in the catalyst converter 6, causing the temperature of the catalyst to become excessively high.
  • nitrogen, air, steam, water, or the like may be injected from the injection mechanism 9.
  • the injection of the air may be performed by utilizing a pneumatic circuit to the starter motor, which is an air motor.
  • the gas engine system 1 is installed together with a boiler, steam from the boiler may be led to the injection mechanism 9.
  • air or water may be injected from the injection mechanism 9.
  • gas that is more reactive than the fuel gas may be injected from the injection mechanism 9.
  • gas that is more reactive than the fuel gas may be injected from the injection mechanism 9.
  • ethane or propane may be injected from the injection mechanism 9.
  • oil or oxygen may be injected from the injection mechanism 9.
  • the catalyst supports 65 can be washed with the water, and thus degradation of the catalyst performance can be prevented, because the exhaust gas and engine oil often contain substances that cause degradation of the catalyst performance, such as sulfur oxide, calcium, and zinc. It should be noted that, other than the injection of water from the injection mechanism 9, there are the following first to third methods for preventing degradation of the catalyst performance.
  • the amount of fuel gas injected from the fuel valves 36 is increased to intentionally increase the concentration of the uncombusted fuel gas in the exhaust gas, thereby facilitating the oxidizing reaction in the catalyst converter 6 so as to increase the temperature of the catalyst converter 6.
  • substances adhered to the catalyst e.g., S or SO 4
  • oxygen is injected from the injection mechanism 9, thereby facilitating the oxidizing reaction in the catalyst converter 6 so as to increase the temperature of the catalyst converter 6.
  • the catalyst supports 65 are removed from the catalyst converter 6 and immersed into water. As a result, if S or SO 4 is adhered to the catalyst, such substance can be dissolved into water as H 2 SO 4 .
  • the catalyst converter 6 may incorporate therein an adsorbent 66, which is capable of adsorbing substances that cause degradation of the catalyst performance.
  • an adsorbent 66 which is capable of adsorbing substances that cause degradation of the catalyst performance.
  • the adsorbent 66 may be disposed upstream of the catalyst supports 65. This configuration makes it possible to extend the life of the catalyst.
  • Activated carbon, or an adsorbent containing calcium or manganese, may be used as the adsorbent 66 capable of adsorbing sulfur.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
  • the exhaust gas inlet 53 of the turbocharger 5 may be open in any direction.
  • the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust pipe 4 may be open in any direction.
  • the gas engine system according to the present invention is useful for reducing uncombusted fuel gas, and applicable to various kinds of fuel gases.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Système de moteur à gaz (1) comprenant :
    un moteur à gaz (2) incluant un vilebrequin (22) et une pluralité de cylindres (31) agencés dans une direction axiale du vilebrequin ;
    un tuyau d'échappement (4) s'étendant sur la pluralité de cylindres à la manière d'un pontage ;
    un turbocompresseur (5) disposé à une position qui est éloignée dans la direction axiale du vilebrequin d'une partie d'extrémité du tuyau d'échappement ; et
    un convertisseur catalytique (6) qui incorpore en son sein un catalyseur qui oxyde un gaz combustible non brûlé dans le gaz d'échappement déchargé du moteur à gaz ;
    dans lequel le convertisseur catalytique est interposé dans un passage (71, 72) s'étendant d'une sortie de gaz d'échappement (41) du tuyau d'échappement à une entrée de gaz d'échappement (53) du turbocompresseur ;
    caractérisé par :
    un générateur de puissance (15) disposé à l'opposé du turbocompresseur, le moteur à gaz étant positionné entre le générateur de puissance et le turbocompresseur, le générateur de puissance étant couplé au vilebrequin ; et
    dans lequel le convertisseur catalytique est disposé au-dessus du générateur de puissance.
  2. Système de moteur à gaz (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    la une partie d'extrémité du tuyau d'échappement (4) du côté du turbocompresseur est pourvue d'un orifice de dérivation (42), et
    le système de moteur à gaz comprend en outre :
    un premier tuyau de relais (71) qui relie la sortie de gaz d'échappement (41) et le convertisseur catalytique (6) ;
    un second tuyau de relais (72) qui relie le convertisseur catalytique et l'entrée de gaz d'échappement (53) du turbocompresseur (5) ;
    un tuyau de dérivation (8) qui s'étend depuis l'orifice de dérivation du tuyau d'échappement, et fusionne avec le second tuyau de relais ;
    une première soupape de dérivation (75) prévue sur le premier tuyau de relais ; et
    une seconde soupape de dérivation (76) prévue sur le second tuyau de relais et positionnée en amont d'une position où le tuyau de dérivation fusionne avec le second tuyau de relais.
  3. Système de moteur à gaz (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le convertisseur catalytique (6) inclut :
    une enveloppe tubulaire (62) recevant un support catalytique (65) ;
    un capot côté amont (61) qui s'étend vers l'enveloppe ; et
    un capot côté aval (63) qui se rétrécit depuis l'enveloppe, et
    le capot côté amont est pourvu d'un mécanisme d'injection (9) qui injecte de l'eau, de la vapeur ou du gaz vers le support catalytique.
  4. Système de moteur à gaz (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel
    le convertisseur catalytique (6) incorpore en son sein un adsorbant (66) positionné en amont du catalyseur, l'adsorbant étant capable d'adsorber une substance qui provoque une dégradation des performances du catalyseur.
  5. Système de moteur à gaz (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel
    le convertisseur catalytique (6) est pourvu d'un capteur de température (67) pour détecter une température du convertisseur catalytique.
EP17860241.3A 2016-10-13 2017-09-29 Système de moteur à gaz Active EP3527798B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016201699A JP6719356B2 (ja) 2016-10-13 2016-10-13 ガスエンジンシステム
PCT/JP2017/035540 WO2018070276A1 (fr) 2016-10-13 2017-09-29 Système de moteur à gaz

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3527798A1 EP3527798A1 (fr) 2019-08-21
EP3527798A4 EP3527798A4 (fr) 2020-03-18
EP3527798B1 true EP3527798B1 (fr) 2021-07-07

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WO (1) WO2018070276A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2023097540A (ja) 2021-12-28 2023-07-10 川崎重工業株式会社 ガスエンジン

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11350942A (ja) 1998-06-04 1999-12-21 Osaka Gas Co Ltd ガス内燃機関および回転機器
JP2001107723A (ja) 1999-10-07 2001-04-17 Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd ガスエンジンの排気ガス浄化装置
DE102006037649A1 (de) * 2006-08-10 2008-02-14 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Gasmotor mit verbessertem instationären Verhalten
US20130034469A1 (en) * 2010-04-22 2013-02-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control system of internal combustion engine
EP2527610B1 (fr) * 2011-05-27 2015-03-18 Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG Section de catalyseur SCR et moteur turbocompressé avec celle-ci
JP5878860B2 (ja) * 2011-12-08 2016-03-08 エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・フィリアル・アフ・エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・エスイー・ティスクランド 排気ガス浄化機能を有するターボ過給式大型２ストロークディーゼルエンジン
JP5790545B2 (ja) * 2012-03-05 2015-10-07 三菱自動車工業株式会社 触媒診断装置及び触媒診断方法

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WO2018070276A1 (fr) 2018-04-19
JP2018062899A (ja) 2018-04-19
JP6719356B2 (ja) 2020-07-08
EP3527798A4 (fr) 2020-03-18
EP3527798A1 (fr) 2019-08-21

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