EP3519124B1 - Procédé de multi-moulage de barres métalliques - Google Patents

Procédé de multi-moulage de barres métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3519124B1
EP3519124B1 EP17772720.3A EP17772720A EP3519124B1 EP 3519124 B1 EP3519124 B1 EP 3519124B1 EP 17772720 A EP17772720 A EP 17772720A EP 3519124 B1 EP3519124 B1 EP 3519124B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
metal
moulds
phase
continuous casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17772720.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3519124A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Droste
Franz Günter HANSMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Speira GmbH
Original Assignee
Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH filed Critical Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH
Priority to SI201730787T priority Critical patent/SI3519124T1/sl
Publication of EP3519124A1 publication Critical patent/EP3519124A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3519124B1 publication Critical patent/EP3519124B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/08—Accessories for starting the casting procedure
    • B22D11/081—Starter bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/08—Accessories for starting the casting procedure
    • B22D11/081—Starter bars
    • B22D11/083—Starter bar head; Means for connecting or detaching starter bars and ingots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/147—Multi-strand plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals

Definitions

  • the casting practices that is to say the casting parameters during the mold filling phase, but also the continuous casting practices, are determined depending on the respective format of the mold.
  • the simultaneous casting of metal strands with different formats is made possible in a simple manner in that the formats of the cast metal strands have, for example, an identical thickness.
  • the withdrawal speed in continuous metal casting or ingot casting is in fact determined essentially by the cooling behavior of the ingot or strand and thus by the thickness of the ingot or of the metal strand.
  • the casting of the molds i.e. the mold filling phase, will usually take place as quickly as possible in order to maximize the capacity of the foundry.
  • the design of sprues then serves the same aspect. The use of sprues is necessary in order to achieve a uniform casting process at all and, for example, to cast a rolling ingot that has relatively homogeneous properties.
  • the sprues of molds with a small format were therefore usually cast with sprues with a shallow depth. This reduces the waste per rolling ingot, for example, and shortens the mold filling phase. Short sprues are also technical due to the lower distortion of the rolling ingots with smaller formats possible. This has to do with the fact that the shrinkage effects are greater in the case of a large-sized rolling ingot than in the case of a small-sized rolling ingot. So far, the mold filling phase has therefore also been operated with different filling rates in order to pass through it as quickly as possible. At the same time, different, in particular flat, sprue blocks were used for small-format molds in addition to deeper sprue blocks for large-format molds.
  • metal can freeze in feed systems, for example the pouring pipe or the pouring nozzle.
  • Surface defects such as cold runs or, conversely, the leakage of rolling ingots can also occur.
  • the metal distributor can freeze to the base plate of the solidifying strand due to insufficient temperature control. This can lead to higher scrap production.
  • the present invention has set itself the task of providing a method for the continuous casting of metal strands, in particular rolling billets made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which enables the continuous casting of rolling billets / metal strands with different formats with a reduced reject rate.
  • the object is achieved in that the depth of the sprue for each mold is at least 50 mm, the
  • Mold filling phase is started at the same time for all molds with an identical filling speed, the casting process is stopped for the molds that have reached the necessary metal level for starting the continuous casting phase and the continuous casting phase is started as soon as all molds have reached the metal level required for the continuous casting phase.
  • the increase in the metal melt in the mold or in the sprue block relative to the mold during the mold filling phase is referred to as the filling speed.
  • Molds with a small format therefore require a lower metal volume flow than large-format molds in order to achieve an identical filling speed in the mold filling phase.
  • all molds, regardless of the format theoretically reach the metal level required for the continuous casting phase at the same time. In practice, however, the molds reach the necessary metal level for the continuous casting phase at different times, for example within a few seconds.
  • sprues that are at least 50 mm deep are used for each mold. Due to the sprue block, which has a minimum depth of 50 mm, there are no difficulties in restarting the casting process, for example in the case of molds with small formats, despite a possible interruption of the casting process.
  • the sprue block serves as a heat reservoir and provides heat for the further casting process.
  • the heat reservoir of the sprue block regardless of the format of the mold, ensures that in particular the risk of Solidification of the meniscus of the metal melt on the mold, even when the casting process is stopped, is significantly reduced and the metal meniscus in the mold, in particular in the contact area with the mold, remains liquid. In this way, casting errors can be reduced to a considerable extent.
  • the depth of the casting block used for the molds is preferably 100 mm to 150 mm in order to provide an even larger heat reservoir. With these sprue stone depths, particularly low error rates were determined in the case of multiple casting of metal strands having different formats. At the same time, the amount of waste metal is kept within limits when separating the ingot foot.
  • the mold filling phase preferably has a duration of 90 seconds to 600 seconds, preferably 120 seconds to 480 seconds.
  • the filling speed during the mold filling phase can preferably correspond to the lowering speed of the casting table in the continuous casting phase. Despite the greater expenditure of time, it has been found that the productivity of the multiple strand caster is not adversely affected due to the lower reject rate of the cast bars or metal strands.
  • a plurality of molds with a broad side length of 900 mm to 2200 mm is preferably used simultaneously, the narrow sides of which have a uniform length of 400 mm to 600 mm.
  • the formats of rolling ingots commonly used nowadays are completely covered and thus offer a high degree of flexibility in the manufacture of the rolling ingots and the utilization of the capacity of an upstream metal melting furnace.
  • the metal level in the sprue block is preferably measured without contact, for example capacitively, via a metal sensor that can be moved at least parallel to the broadside direction of the molds, and the continuous casting phase is initiated as a function of the metal level.
  • a capacitive measurement of the metal level has proven to be particularly robust and accurate. It therefore enables reliable control of the initiation of the continuous casting phase. In principle, measurements using laser, radar and other non-contact measuring probes are also possible.
  • the casting cross-section is preferably automatically regulated via a metal level control device, so that both the mold filling phase and the continuous casting phase can take place with a regulated casting cross-section.
  • the metal level in the molds can, for example, be specified in terms of time using a "casting recipe".
  • the low-alloy aluminum alloys of the type AA1xxx and AA8xxx and alloys of the type AA3xxx and AA6xxx can be cast into metal strands well using the method according to the invention.
  • the alloy types differ in their solidification behavior during casting. While low-alloy aluminum alloys, for example the alloy types AA1xxx or AA8xxx, form an essentially uniform solidification front, higher-alloyed AA3xxx and AA6xxx show Alloys have a pulpy solidification front. For example, different mold filling speeds and lowering speeds have to be used to react to the different alloys. For example, the casting results of the AA3xxx and AA6xxx alloys were better at higher mold filling speeds. However, it is also conceivable to cast other aluminum alloys, for example higher alloyed aluminum alloys, using a corresponding process.
  • the broad side length of the mold is not selected according to the invention in such a way that the furnace sump of an upstream melting furnace can be minimized.
  • the formats are selected in such a way that, if possible, only an unavoidable residue remains in the sump of the melting furnace. This ensures that a subsequent change to a different alloy can take place as quickly and thus inexpensively as possible.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a schematic sectional view in one embodiment the principle of continuous casting of a metal strand using a mold 1, a distribution channel 2, a pouring pipe or a pouring nozzle 3, a distribution network 3b, a stopper 4 and a sprue 5, which is arranged on a pouring table 6 .
  • the casting table 6 can be moved in height and is placed in a water bath during continuous casting, for example for cooling purposes.
  • the mold 1 is water-cooled and, on the sides facing the metal strand, can additionally release cooling water onto the metal strand emerging downward in order to additionally cool the outer walls of the metal strand.
  • a metal sensor 7 can be provided for detecting the metal level, which, as the arrows indicate, can be arranged such that it can be displaced in the direction of the broad side of the mold 1, for example.
  • the sprue block 5 is shown in the illustrated embodiment in FIG Fig. 1 designed such that an elevation is provided in its center. The increase in the middle is optional. Towards the edge, the sprue block 5 has a depth T which, according to the invention, is at least 50 mm. The depth T of the sprue block is preferably 100 mm to 150 mm in order to provide a sufficient heat reservoir for the molten metal in the method according to the invention, regardless of the mold format, and to increase the process reliability of the method according to the invention.
  • the supply of liquid metal melt 8 is located in the distributor 2 and is replenished via a pan (not shown) or via an oven during the casting process.
  • In-line units for melt treatment for example degassers, filters or grain refiners, can be inserted in the inlet channel between the metal reservoir and the distributor channel 2.
  • the pouring opening of the pouring pipe 3 can be adjusted to the different formats of the molds 1 and the pouring speed can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the distribution network 3b under the pouring pipe also called Known as "Combo Bag” or “Distribution Bag", it is used to distribute the melt evenly in the mold.
  • a larger cross-section of the pouring opening is provided in comparison with small-format molds. This ensures that with simultaneous continuous casting of different formats, an identical withdrawal speed is made possible by lowering the common casting table 6 for all molds.
  • the casting cross-section is preferably controlled automatically via a metal level control device.
  • the target value of the metal level in the molds can, for example, be specified over time using a "casting recipe".
  • Fig. 2 shows in a schematic plan view 3 different molds 10, 20, 30, which are characterized by a broad side 11, 21, 31 of different length and identical narrow sides 12, 22, 32.
  • the narrow sides 12, 22, 32 define the thickness of the withdrawn metal strand and, according to the invention, have an identical length.
  • the thickness of the metal strand essentially determines the cooling behavior of the metal strand and thus the withdrawal speed of the metal strand.
  • Fig. 3 now shows in a schematic sectional view an embodiment of a method according to the invention for continuously casting metal strands, in particular rolling billets made of aluminum or an alloy, in which the liquid metal 8 is distributed, for example via distributor 2, to a plurality of molds 10, 20, 30.
  • the mold filling phase begins for all molds 10, 20, 30 at the same time. Simultaneously in the context of the present invention means that the casting processes are initiated simultaneously, although the system technology can also result in an offset of several seconds between individual molds in practice.
  • Fig. 3 now shows the mold filling phase of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention at a point in time at which a mold has already reached the metal level necessary for initiating the continuous casting phase.
  • the molds 30 and 20 must, however, still be filled in order to achieve the desired metal level. Due to the depths of at least 50 mm provided in the sprue block 51, 52 and 53, a metal melt reservoir is provided, in particular in the sprue block 51, which gives off enough heat to stop the casting process in the mold 10, which has first reached the metal level for continuous casting, without freezing the metal meniscus.
  • the depth of the sprue block is preferably 100 mm to 150 mm.
  • the continuous casting phase is started and the common casting table 6 is lowered, Fig. 4 .
  • the sprue blocks of the different molds 10, 20, 30 preferably have an identical depth.
  • the mold filling phase can be carried out relatively slowly. It preferably has a duration of 90 seconds to 600 seconds, preferably 120 seconds to 480 seconds, from the start of casting to the start of the continuous casting phase, that is to say the lowering of the casting table 6.
  • the filling speed during the mold filling phase corresponds approximately to the filling speed during the continuous casting or the continuous casting phase, in which the metal strand is withdrawn from the mold 10, 20, 30 by lowering the casting table 6.
  • the in the embodiment in Fig. 3 The molds shown have different broad side lengths, preferably from 900 mm to 2200 mm.
  • Fig. 4 is now the embodiment Fig. 3 shown during the continuous casting phase.
  • the casting table 6 is lowered during the continuous casting phase depending on the metal volume flow with which metal is refilled into the molds, with liquid metal being fed in via the distributor 2 and the nozzle or the pouring pipe 3 using the stopper 4 according to the lowering speed of the pouring table 6 becomes. Due to the identical lowering speed for small and large-sized molds 10, 20, 30, the cross-section, which is provided for the molten metal to flow through the interaction of the stopper and the pouring pipe 3, 4, must be selected accordingly for each mold.
  • the metal sensor 7 can continuously measure the metal level of the molten metal or the metal and use it to regulate the molten metal inflow. The metal level is preferably measured by the metal sensor 7 in a contactless manner, for example capacitively. However, a non-contact measurement with a laser, with a radar probe or inductively can also take place.
  • aluminum alloys of type AA1xxx, AA3xxx, AA6xxx or aluminum alloys of type AA8xxx are particularly well suited for continuous casting using a plurality of ingot molds with different formats, since the low-alloy aluminum alloys AA1xxx and AA8xxx have good casting behavior and thus the Rejection rate during the multiple continuous casting is further reduced.
  • the alloys of the type AA3xxx and AA6xxx which have a more critical solidification behavior to be assessed, have already been successfully cast with the method according to the invention.
  • the broad side lengths of the molds 10, 20, 30 were chosen so that after casting the Metal strands the amount of metal in the furnace sump of the associated melting furnace is particularly low.
  • the selection of the sprue block depth in connection with the simultaneous start of casting in the mold filling phase makes it possible to cast metal strands or billets with different formats at the same time with a particularly low reject rate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de coulée continue de barres métalliques, en particulier de lingots d'aluminium ou d'un alliage d'aluminium, dans lequel
    - le métal liquide (8) est coulé simultanément par l'intermédiaire de plusieurs lingotières (1, 10, 20, 30) pour former plusieurs barres métalliques,
    - les lingotières (1, 10, 20, 30) présentent chacune un côté étroit (12,22,32) et un côté large (11,21,31), tous les lingotières (1,10,20,30) présentant une longueur uniforme du côté étroit (11,21,31), de sorte que les barres métalliques ont des épaisseurs égales après la coulée,
    - au moins un des lingotières (1,10,20,30) utilisés présente un côté large (12,22,32) dont la longueur diffère de la longueur du côté large (12, 22, 32) des autres lingotières (1, 10, 20, 30) utilisés simultanément,
    - pour chaque lingotière (1, 10, 20, 30) utilisé, il est prévu un bloc de carotte (5, 51, 52, 53), qui est disposé sur une table de coulée (6) et qui est prévu pour recevoir les barres de démarrage,
    - la coulée des barres métalliques comprenant une phase de remplissage des lingotières avec la table de coulée (6) stationnaire, dans laquelle une pluralité de barres de démarrage sont coulées dans les blocs de carotte (5, 51, 52, 53) associés, et
    - la coulée comprenant une phase de coulée des barres, dans laquelle la table de coulée (6) est abaissée et une pluralité de barres métalliques sont coulées,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la profondeur (T) du bloc de carotte (5, 51, 52, 53) pour chaque lingotière est d'au moins 50 mm, la phase de remplissage des lingotières est lancée simultanément pour tous les lingotières (1, 10, 20, 30) à une vitesse de remplissage identique, l'opération de coulée est arrêtée pour les lingotières qui ont atteint le niveau de métal nécessaire au lancement de la phase de coulée des barres, et la phase de coulée des barres est lancée dès que tous les lingotières (1, 10, 20, 30) ont atteint le niveau de métal nécessaire à la phase de coulée des barres.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la profondeur (T) du bloc de carotte (5,51,52,53) est de 100 mm à 150 mm.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les blocs de carotte (5,51,52,53) des lingotières (1,10,20,30) ayant des formats de lingotière différents ont une profondeur (T) identique.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la phase de remplissage des lingotières a une durée de 90 s à 600 s, de préférence de 120 s à 480 s.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    plusieurs lingotières (1,10,20,30) ayant une longueur de côté large de 900 mm à 2200 mm sont utilisés simultanément, dont les côtés étroits (12,22,32) ont une longueur essentiellement uniforme de 400 mm à 600 mm.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pendant la phase de remplissage des lingotières, le niveau de métal dans le bloc de carotte (5, 51, 52, 53) est mesuré sans contact, de préférence de manière capacitive, au moyen d'un capteur de métal (7) qui peut être déplacé au moins parallèlement à la direction du côté large des lingotières, et la phase de coulée des barres est lancée en fonction du niveau de métal dans les lingotières.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les alliages d'aluminium de type AA1xxx ou AA8xxx, AA3xxx et AA6xxx sont moulés.
EP17772720.3A 2016-09-27 2017-09-27 Procédé de multi-moulage de barres métalliques Active EP3519124B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201730787T SI3519124T1 (sl) 2016-09-27 2017-09-27 Postopek za večkratno litje kovinskih gredic

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16190796 2016-09-27
PCT/EP2017/074497 WO2018060246A1 (fr) 2016-09-27 2017-09-27 Procédé de coulée multiple de barres métalliques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3519124A1 EP3519124A1 (fr) 2019-08-07
EP3519124B1 true EP3519124B1 (fr) 2021-03-24

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EP17772720.3A Active EP3519124B1 (fr) 2016-09-27 2017-09-27 Procédé de multi-moulage de barres métalliques

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Country Link
US (1) US10549340B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3519124B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6634542B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN109789477B (fr)
SI (1) SI3519124T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018060246A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10549340B2 (en) 2020-02-04
US20190217379A1 (en) 2019-07-18
EP3519124A1 (fr) 2019-08-07
JP6634542B2 (ja) 2020-01-22
WO2018060246A1 (fr) 2018-04-05
JP2019532820A (ja) 2019-11-14
CN109789477B (zh) 2021-10-26
CN109789477A (zh) 2019-05-21
SI3519124T1 (sl) 2021-08-31

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