EP3517749A1 - Systeme de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur diesel - Google Patents

Systeme de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur diesel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3517749A1
EP3517749A1 EP19153575.6A EP19153575A EP3517749A1 EP 3517749 A1 EP3517749 A1 EP 3517749A1 EP 19153575 A EP19153575 A EP 19153575A EP 3517749 A1 EP3517749 A1 EP 3517749A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
exhausted gas
glow plug
processing system
low temperature
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EP19153575.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3517749B1 (fr
Inventor
Limin Huang
Lijin HUANG
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Guizhou Huangdi Technology Co Ltd
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Guizhou Huangdi Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F01N3/0256—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases the fuel being ignited by electrical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of exhausted gas processing of a diesel vehicle. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to an exhausted gas processing system and a regeneration method for heating and filtering the exhausted gas of a diesel vehicle, and regenerating a used particulate trap.
  • the diesel particulate filter has become an indispensable technology for diesel vehicles.
  • the motor vehicles emission has gradually become the main source of air pollution in large cities of China.
  • the exhaust emission of motor vehicles accounts for up to 22%.
  • particulates emitted by motor vehicles are mainly derived from diesel vehicles.
  • the application of DPF will have a broad market prospect.
  • diesel fuel In diesel engines, the diesel fuel is burnt based on auto-ignition of different air/fuel mixtures. If the combustion is insufficient, particulates are generated due to oxygen deficiency. Such particulates primarily include carbon (carbon black), sulfates, and insufficiently combusted hydrocarbons. To filter out such particulates, diesel particulate filters have been disclosed in the conventional art.
  • the exhaust back pressure In a case that a diesel particulate filter is used, the exhaust back pressure generally rises due to an increase in the filter load. Passive or active regeneration of the filter is necessary because an exhaust back pressure exceeding the allowable value is not tolerable for the engine manufacturer, and no maintenance cost due to filter evacuation is expected.
  • an active diesel particulate filter system includes “electric regeneration system” or “combustor support system”. With the system, the regeneration of the DPF may be manually triggered or may be triggered in response to open loop or closed loop control by monitoring the exhaust back pressure.
  • the combustor is generally designed to include an ejector having a small opening, so that fuel is atomized in the combustion chamber. In the combustion chamber, the fuel is mixed with air necessary for combustion.
  • a disadvantage of this design is that coking may quickly occur at the tiny atomizing opening of the nozzle due to combustion residues, disturbing the operation of the combustor. For example, combustion residues are formed in a case that the combustor is turned off.
  • the currently designed combustor structure is relatively complicated.
  • the conventional combustor has a complicated manufacturing process and a high cost, and problems are prone to occur during the operation of the conventional combustor, for example, as discussed in Chinese Patent Application No. 201310019585.7 .
  • the DPF can only be regenerated in a case that the vehicle is parked or idling, and cannot be regenerated in a case that the vehicle accelerates or travels at a high speed, as discussed in Chinese Patent Application No. 200780021783.1 .
  • an exhausted gas processing system that is capable of heating gas exhausted from a diesel engine to reach the regeneration temperature of the diesel particulate filter, and achieving the regeneration of the particulate trap in a case that the vehicle travels at a high speed or even accelerates.
  • the inventors of the present application propose a simple structure to realize fuel combustion and exhausted gas heating.
  • the introduced fresh air forms a vortex in the combustion chamber, to intensively mix with the fuel gas, so as to improve the combustion efficiency.
  • the flame generated by the combustion is directly introduced into a mixing chamber of the particulate trap and intensively mixed with the gas exhausted from the exhaust pipe, so as to raise the temperature of the exhausted gas and realize the regeneration of the particulate trap.
  • an exhausted gas processing system for a diesel engine is provided in the present disclosure, which is capable of heating and igniting the diesel and introduced fresh air rapidly in various complicated operating conditions, particularly in a low temperature condition.
  • the exhausted gas is rapidly heated to reach a temperature required for the regeneration of the particulate trap, so that the carbon particles accumulated in the particulate trap can be quickly removed through combustion in a short time period, thereby realizing real time online regeneration.
  • the exhausted gas processing system includes: a low temperature heater, arranged at downstream of an exhaust pipe of the diesel engine; and a particulate trap, connected with the low temperature heater, where the particulate trap is configured to trap particulates from engine exhausted gas.
  • the low temperature heater includes: a housing that is in fluid communication with the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine; a glow plug, fixed to the housing via a glow plug seat and configured to introduce fuel, preheat the fuel, and ignite the fuel; a combustion chamber including an open end and a closed end, where a sidewall of the combustion chamber close to the closed end is connected to the glow plug seat and fixed in the housing via the glow plug seat, an end of the glow plug is aligned with an inner space of the combustion chamber; and an intake pipe, where fresh air is inputted through the intake pipe, an outlet end of the intake pipe is fixed to the sidewall of the combustion chamber, arranged between the glow plug seat and the open end, and extends into the combustion chamber, and where a centerline of the outlet end of the intake pipe is eccentrically arranged with respect to a centerline of the combustion chamber, so that fresh air inputted from the intake pipe flows along the sidewall of the combustion chamber.
  • the exhausted gas processing system according to the present disclosure can not only perform real time online regeneration of the particulate trap with accumulated soot, that is, the DPF, in a case that the vehicle is parked or at an idling speed, but also can perform real time online regeneration of the particulate trap with accumulated soot, that is, the DPF, in a case that the vehicle travels at a high speed or accelerates. More importantly, compared with conventional exhausted gas processing systems, the DPF online regeneration time for the exhausted gas processing system according to the present disclosure is significantly reduced, even accounting for only half of the regeneration time for the conventional exhausted gas processing systems.
  • a rotating piece is further arranged at periphery of the sidewall of the combustion chamber, the rotating piece is arranged between the outlet end of the intake pipe and the open end of the combustion chamber, and configured to rotate gas exhausted from the exhaust pipe.
  • the rotating piece is composed of an annular metal piece, trapezoidal or triangular cutouts are uniformly distributed on the rotating piece, and the metal piece cut along the cutout is bent or buckled in a direction of the open end of the combustion chamber for guiding flowing of the exhausted gas.
  • a spiral heating wire is further provided at the open end of the combustion chamber, and configured to block and heat a portion of fuel droplets.
  • the low temperature heater is in communication with a housing in which the particulate trap is mounted, the housing includes the particulate trap at the rear and a mixing chamber at the front, an outlet end of the housing extends into the mixing chamber, and the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine extends into the mixing chamber in an eccentric manner.
  • a wall flow type honeycomb ceramic filter or an oxidation type catalyst is further provided between the low temperature heater and the particulate trap, and configured to remove hydrocarbons and a portion of particulates from the exhausted gas.
  • the wall flow type honeycomb ceramic filter or the oxidation type catalyst is made of cordierite, silicon carbide or recrystallized silicon carbide.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exhausted gas processing system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the exhausted gas processing system 100 is installed at downstream of an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine for processing gas exhausted from the exhaust pipe, so as to remove nitrogen oxides and most of the particulates from the exhausted gas, such as removing more than 95% of the particulates.
  • an exhaust temperature of the diesel engine is raised by igniting fuel-air mixture and utilizing heat generated by combustion, thereby achieving reliable combustion and regeneration of the DPF under various operating conditions, especially in harsh environments, even under a condition in which the exhausted gas processing system 100 according to the present disclosure is used in extreme temperatures.
  • housings of these components are all made of steel, preferably made of stainless steel. In this way, surfaces of these components can maintain bright, thereby reducing dust accumulation and corrosion.
  • the components are connected via flanges. This connection manner can facilitate the installation, removal and replacement of these components. Practically, these components may also be connected by other connection manners that are well known to those skilled in the art, such as welding.
  • a straight tube 1 is connected with an exhaust port (not shown) of the diesel engine, and is configured to receive and process gas exhausted from the engine.
  • a component connected to the straight pipe 1 is a low temperature heater including an oil pipe, a gas pipe and a glow plug and so on.
  • fuel from the oil inlet pipe and fresh air from the air inlet pipe are received and combusted by the low temperature heater.
  • the fuel may be fuel from an engine, such as diesel.
  • the fuel may be separately provided liquid or gas fuel, such as propane and ethanol.
  • the low temperature heater may be configured to perform heat transfer with gas exhausted from the engine exhaust pipe.
  • the low temperature heater may be directly arranged in a flow path of the exhausted gas, and is configured to heat the exhausted gas flowing into the housing to a relative high temperature, in which the efficiency of the oxidation type catalyst (DOC) arranged at the downstream can be enhanced and regeneration of the particulate trap 14 (DPF) can be set at the downstream.
  • the low temperature heater can be further configured to preheat the exhaust system before starting the engine, so as to improve the efficiency of the exhaust system when the engine is started, thereby reducing emissions of a cold start.
  • the low temperature heater includes: a housing, a glow plug, a combustion chamber, and an intake pipe.
  • the housing is in fluid communication with an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine.
  • the glow plug is fixed to the housing via a glow plug seat, and is configured to introduce fuel, preheat the fuel, and ignite the fuel.
  • the combustion chamber includes an open end and a closed end, a sidewall of the combustion chamber close to the closed end is connected to the glow plug seat and fixed in the housing via the glow plug seat, and an end of the glow plug is aligned with an inner space of the combustion chamber. Fresh air is inputted from the intake pipe.
  • An outlet end of the intake pipe is fixed to the sidewall of the combustion chamber, is arranged between the glow plug seat and the open end, and extends into the combustion chamber.
  • a centerline of the outlet end of the intake pipe is eccentrically arranged with respect to a centerline of the combustion chamber, so that fresh air introduced from the intake pipe flows along the sidewall of the combustion chamber.
  • the housing may be made of the stainless steel material and may have a straight tube cylinder shape.
  • the housing is configured to be in fluid communication with an exhaust pipe of the diesel engine (not shown) through a connecting flange 4, and accommodate and heat gas exhausted from the exhaust pipe.
  • the glow plug 5 is connected to a sidewall of the housing via the glow plug seat 7, and is covered with a square or circular glow plug cover 4, to protect the glow plug 5.
  • the glow plug 5 may be an electric spark plug commonly used in diesel vehicles or a high temperature ignition rod, for igniting fuel from an oil inlet pipe, for example.
  • the glow plug is the high temperature ignition rod
  • the glow plug may be a high temperature silicon nitride rod or a boron nitride rod containing a high temperature heating wire, such as a tungsten wire.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to the above example, as long as the glow plug can generate a high temperature and ignite the fuel.
  • a fuel passage (not shown) is provided inside the glow plug 5, so that the fuel enters the fuel passage via the glow plug oil pipe 6, and the fuel is heated to facilitate subsequent combustion.
  • the combustion chamber has a tubular shape and is connected and fixed to the housing via the glow plug seat 7.
  • the combustion chamber includes a closed end and an open end.
  • the open end faces an exhaust direction of the diesel engine, for outputting a hot airflow generated by the combustion of the fuel.
  • the closed end that is, the combustion chamber bottom plate, is configured to guide the generated hot airflow to flow toward the direction of the open end, and block the generated hot airflow from flowing toward an opposite direction of the exhaust direction, so as to improve the thermal efficiency.
  • the combustion chamber is made of a high temperature resistant metal, such as the stainless steel.
  • An intake component is provided at the closed end of the combustion chamber, namely an intake component consisting of a pagoda head 28, a check valve 27, a straight pipe joint 26 and an elbow 25. Due to the check valve, the gas can only be inputted into the combustion chamber from the outside (for example, via a gas pump), and cannot be outputted from the combustion chamber, thereby ensuring the stability of the air pressure in the combustion chamber.
  • the intake pipe may be a manifold 9.
  • a first branch of the manifold 9 extends into the combustion chamber in an eccentric manner.
  • a second branch of the manifold 9 extends into the glow plug to deliver a portion of fresh air into the ignition plug for mixing with the fuel, so as to provide an initial combustion mixture.
  • the ratio of the amount of fresh air inputted through the first branch (for example, by volume) to the amount of fresh air inputted through the second branch ranges from 9:1 to 1:1, for example, 8:1. 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1 or 2:1, or any value in a range of 9:1 to 1:1.
  • the ratio may be appropriately increased, for example, 8:1. Because the exhausted gas amount at this time is relatively small, and the exhausted gas occupies a low proportion of the gas in the combustion chamber, thus a relatively small amount of fresh air can maintain the sufficient combustion of the fuel. In contrast, in a case that the diesel engine accelerates or operates at a high speed, the exhausted gas amount is relatively large, and the exhausted gas occupies a high proportion of the gas in the combustion chamber. In this case, more fresh air is required to be delivered into the ignition plug to achieve the sufficient combustion of the fuel.
  • annular rotating piece 8 is further sleeved on an outer peripheral wall of the combustion chamber close to the straight pipe, as shown in Figure 2 .
  • the rotating piece 8 is made of the stainless steel material.
  • Triangular or trapezoidal notches are equidistantly arranged in an annular portion of the rotating piece 8, and fins generating these notches are obliquely bent or buckled in the exhaust direction, thereby guiding the airflow to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise to form a swirling airflow, and thus further improving the mixing effect of the hot airflow and the exhausted gas.
  • a spiral heating wire 20 is further provided at the open end of the combustion chamber.
  • the spiral heating wire is configured to block fuel droplets that have not been fully burned from being directly ejected out from the straight tube, and heat to vaporize the fuel droplets.
  • a temperature sensor 24 is further provided on the sidewall of the housing, opposite to the glow plug 5.
  • the temperature sensor 24 is fixed to the sidewall of the housing 11 via a sensor base 17.
  • two, three or four temperature sensors 24 are equidistantly arranged.
  • a semicircular or square blocking plate 22 is provided between the glow plug 5 and the straight tube on the sidewall of the combustion chamber, and is configured to block the air inputted through the manifold 9 from directly contacting with the glow plug 5.
  • the air entering the combustion chamber through the manifold 9 is swirled due to the blocking plate 22, and then is mixed with the flame ejected from the outlet of the glow plug 5, thereby enhancing the combustion effect.
  • the blocking plate 22 also blocks the flame ejected from the outlet of the glow plug 5 from directly entering the manifold 9.
  • the gas exhausted from the engine enters the low temperature ignition apparatus through the intake pipe, and is discharged through a splitter and a flow collecting cover.
  • the gas of the air pump enters through the intake pipe, flows through an igniter and an ignition cylinder, and carries the burning flame at the igniter to the flow collecting cover, to heat the gas from the engine.
  • the gas from the engine mixes with the gas of the air pump, and thus a high temperature gas is formed and discharged.
  • the hot airflow generated by the combustion and the gas exhausted from the engine are firstly mixed to form a swirling airflow, and then intensive mixing is achieved through a small convergence, thereby facilitating the uniform regeneration of the DPF, effectively preventing the rupture of the DPF caused by uneven heating during the regeneration, and prolonging a service life of the DPF.
  • the uniform mixing also greatly improves the thermal efficiency, reduces the fuel consumption during the regeneration process, and achieves further energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the low temperature heater is in communication with a housing in which a particulate trap is mounted.
  • the housing includes the particulate trap at the rear and a mixing chamber at the front, and an outlet end of the housing extends into the mixing chamber, and the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine extends into the mixing chamber in an eccentric manner.
  • the exhausted gas entering the mixing chamber forms a swirling airflow, thereby facilitating intensively mixing with the hot airflow generated by the combustion, and thus achieving uniform regeneration of the DPF.
  • an advantage of such arrangement is that the low temperature heater can form a curved fit with the exhaust pipe instead of a linear fit, thereby facilitating flexible installation and improving the adaption performance of the low temperature heater.
  • the particulate trap 14 that is, the DPF
  • the particulate trap 14 may be a wall flow type honeycomb ceramic filter generally used in the art, such as a wall flow type honeycomb ceramic filter made of cordierite, silicon carbide or recrystallized silicon carbide.
  • the advantage of the wall flow type honeycomb filter is that most of the particulates in the exhausted gas can be removed, for example more than 95% of the particulates, so that the highest discharge requirement for the particulates is met.
  • the working principle of the wall flow type honeycomb ceramic filter is shown in Figure 3 . Referring to Figure 3 , the particulates are trapped in the honeycomb filter which is provided with holes separated from each other, and are removed by combustion after accumulating to a certain amount, thereby realizing the regeneration of the filter.
  • a wall flow type honeycomb ceramic filter made of recrystallized silicon carbide is used, such as a recrystallized silicon carbide honeycomb ceramic wall flow particulate filter (DPF) of "Huang Di” brand.
  • the filter captures particulates in the diesel exhausted gas through a porous partition wall between interactive blocked honeycomb channels, and has an extremely strong capability to capture soot ultrafine nanoparticles.
  • the filter has a large filtration area, a low pressure drop, a compact structure, excellent properties of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal conduction, high mechanical strength, strong thermal shock resistance, and a long service life.
  • Table 1 Main parameters of a wall flow type honeycomb ceramic filter made of recrystallized silicon carbide Technical feature Unit SiC content % >99 The number of honeycomb lattices in per square inch cpsi 200 ⁇ 300 Side length of the honeycomb lattice mm 1.20 ⁇ 1.45 Honeycomb wall thickness mm 0.30 ⁇ 0.35 Porosity % 42 ⁇ 60 median aperture ⁇ m 9 ⁇ 20 Compressive strength MPa >13 ⁇ 18 Thermal expansion rate (40 ⁇ 800°C) 10 -6 4.30 ⁇ 4.40 Thermal conductivity(500°C) W/mK >14 Capturing rate % >98 ⁇ 99 Honeycomb volume density Kg/L ⁇ 0.80 Filtration area m 2 /L ⁇ 0.75 permeability m 2 ⁇ 5.0 ⁇ 10 -12 heat shock resistant parameter ( ⁇ T) °C 250
  • the filter is tested by Tianjin SwARC Automotive Research Laboratory Co., Ltd., according to the internationally approved VERT test specification.
  • the pressure drop characteristics meet the requirements, the average of filtration efficiency for particle weight analysis is 96.50%, and the filter is authenticated by the Chinese Environment Protection Product Authentication Mechanism.
  • an oxidation type catalyst 13 is further arranged between the low temperature heater (or a spoiler) and the particulate trap, that is a DOC well known in the art (shown in Figure 4 ).
  • the DOC is provided to remove hydrocarbons and a portion of particulates from the exhausted gas.
  • the DOC may be those commonly used DOC in current diesel engines.
  • oxidation type catalysts used in automotive diesel engines, noble metals such as platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) are used as catalysts to reduce the content of soluble organic components (SOF) in particulate emissions, thereby reducing the emission of PM.
  • SOF soluble organic components
  • HC and CO in the exhausted gas can be effectively reduced.
  • the oxidation type catalyst is capable of removing 90% of the SOF, thereby reducing PM emissions by 40% to 50%.
  • the processing efficiency for HC and CO can reach 88% and 68%, respectively.
  • Catalytic oxidation technology has a good effect in removing SOF from diesel engine exhausted particles, that is, a catalytic converter is added in the diesel exhaust system, and SOF is converted into CO2 and H2O and removed, through an oxidation reaction under the catalytic function of noble metal catalysts such as platinum, rhodium and palladium, or rare earth catalysts, and generally, a removal efficiency for the SOF is up to 80%.
  • harmful substances such as HC and CO in the exhausted gas can be removed.
  • substances, such as CO, HC, SOF, and PAH, in the exhausted gas of the diesel engine are oxidized and converted by the DOC, the acquired products are mainly CO2 and H2O, so that the exhausted gas is partially purified.
  • the configuration of the low temperature heater is shown in Figure 1 , which is not described here.
  • the low temperature heater is line-mounted to the engine exhaust pipe.
  • the engine is an engine of a diesel vehicle of Dong Feng Motor Corporation, with a displacement of 2.8 liters.
  • a comparative example is the low temperature heater disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 200780021783.1 .
  • the engine is started; the low temperature heater is preheated and ignited according to the program in the conditions of idling, accelerating and operating at a high speed; the ignition reliability of the flame in the idling condition is observed, that is, whether the ignition is stable is observed, and whether the flame is blown out by the exhausted gas is observed, and observation results are recorded.
  • a used diesel particulate filter that is, DPF (which accumulates a large amount of soot, but the DPF is intact) is installed at the outlet end of the low temperature heater, and a regeneration experiment is conducted based on the program. During the experiment, it is observed whether the combustion in the DPF is uniform and multiple temperatures are recorded. It is detected whether a crack occurs in the DPF when the experiment ends.
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • the configuration of the low temperature heater is shown in Figure 1 , which is not described here.
  • the low temperature heater is line-mounted to the engine exhaust pipe.
  • the engine is an engine of a diesel vehicle of Dong Feng Motor Corporation, with a displacement of 2.8 liters.
  • a comparative example is the low temperature heater disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 200780021783.1 .
  • the engine is started; the low temperature heater is preheated and ignited according to the program in the conditions of idling, accelerating and operating at a high speed, the ignition reliability of the flame in idling is observed, that is, it is observed whether the ignition is stable and whether the flame is blown out by the exhausted gas, and observation results are recorded.
  • a used diesel particulate filter that is, DPF (which accumulates a large amount of soot, but the DPF is intact) is installed at the outlet end of the low temperature heater, and a regeneration experiment is conducted based on the program. During the experiment, it is observed whether the combustion in the DPF is uniform and multiple temperatures are recorded. It is detected whether a crack occurs in the DPF when the experiment ends.
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • the regenerated DPF is weighed and an ash cleaning rate is calculated based on the DPF weight before regeneration. An average of multiple ash cleaning rates is calculated to characterize the regeneration degree.
  • results of the first embodiment and second embodiment are shown in Table 2 Table 2: results of the first embodiment and second embodiment The present disclosure Comparative example Index Ignition Times Combustion uniformity crack Average ash cleaning rate (%) Ignite times Combustion uniformity crack Avera ge ash cleani ng rate (%) First Embodiment 5 / 5 uniform no 92% 5 / 5 uniform no 85% Second Embodiment 5 / 5 uniform no 89% 5 / 5 - - - -
  • the low temperature heater according to the present disclosure is stably ignited in both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and the DPF in which the soot is accumulated can be stably regenerated, the ash cleaning rate reaches about 90%, thereby indicating that the regeneration effect of the DPF is good, and a case where the DPF is broken or cracks does not occur in either the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
  • the low temperature heater according to the present disclosure can regenerate the DPF by consuming an average time of about 10 minutes, while in the comparative example, about 20 minutes or even up to 30 minutes are consumed to realize the regeneration of the DPF. In this way, with the system according to the present disclosure, the fuel consumption for system regeneration is significantly reduced, and the service life of the ignition rod is extended.
  • the average ash cleaning rate of the DPF is only about 85% in the idling state.
  • the temperature at the inlet end of the DPF is low, only about 300 °C, not meeting the temperature requirement of DPF regeneration, so the ash cleaning rate is almost zero. That is, the low temperature heater disclosed in the comparative example in this state cannot regenerate the DPF at all.
  • the low temperature heater according to the present disclosure is superior to the low temperature heater of the comparative example in terms of ignition reliability or stability, DPF ash cleaning rate, etc., in any of the idling state, accelerating state or high speed operating state.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
EP19153575.6A 2018-01-29 2019-01-24 Systeme de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur diesel Active EP3517749B1 (fr)

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Cited By (5)

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CN110905631A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-03-24 宁波楷世环保科技有限公司 适用于高排气流量下的低能耗柴油机尾气处理系统
CN111412039A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-14 凯龙高科技股份有限公司 一种用于服务站的柴油机分立式dpf热管理再生装置
CN112627943A (zh) * 2020-11-14 2021-04-09 河北虹旭环保科技有限公司 Dpf便携式维护设备
CN112796856A (zh) * 2021-02-23 2021-05-14 北京高鑫伟业科技有限公司 一种新型电加热柴油颗粒捕集器后处理器
CN114922716A (zh) * 2022-05-09 2022-08-19 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种主动两级热补式后处理系统及车辆

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US20100319330A1 (en) * 2009-06-19 2010-12-23 Soon Chul Hong Burner for diesel particulate filter regeneration
US20110197570A1 (en) * 2010-02-18 2011-08-18 Nett Technologies Inc. Burner for Heating a Stream of Gas
KR20120096734A (ko) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-31 인하대학교 산학협력단 Ｄｐｆ 재생용 버너
EP3444459A1 (fr) * 2017-08-17 2019-02-20 Guizhou Huangdi Diesel Engine Cleaner Co., Ltd. Système de traitement de gaz d'échappement pour moteur diesel

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KR100828157B1 (ko) * 2008-02-28 2008-05-08 (주)템스 연료 미립화 성능을 향상시킨 플라즈마 반응기 및 상기플라즈마 반응기가 구비된 배기가스 저감장치
US20100319330A1 (en) * 2009-06-19 2010-12-23 Soon Chul Hong Burner for diesel particulate filter regeneration
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110905631A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-03-24 宁波楷世环保科技有限公司 适用于高排气流量下的低能耗柴油机尾气处理系统
CN110905631B (zh) * 2019-12-04 2021-02-26 宁波楷世环保科技有限公司 适用于高排气流量下的低能耗柴油机尾气处理系统
CN111412039A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-14 凯龙高科技股份有限公司 一种用于服务站的柴油机分立式dpf热管理再生装置
CN111412039B (zh) * 2020-03-31 2021-12-31 凯龙高科技股份有限公司 一种用于服务站的柴油机分立式dpf热管理再生装置
CN112627943A (zh) * 2020-11-14 2021-04-09 河北虹旭环保科技有限公司 Dpf便携式维护设备
CN112796856A (zh) * 2021-02-23 2021-05-14 北京高鑫伟业科技有限公司 一种新型电加热柴油颗粒捕集器后处理器
CN114922716A (zh) * 2022-05-09 2022-08-19 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种主动两级热补式后处理系统及车辆
CN114922716B (zh) * 2022-05-09 2023-08-22 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种主动两级热补式后处理系统及车辆

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