EP3516178B1 - Installation et procédé comprenant une centrale thermique et un compresseur de traitement - Google Patents

Installation et procédé comprenant une centrale thermique et un compresseur de traitement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3516178B1
EP3516178B1 EP17761043.3A EP17761043A EP3516178B1 EP 3516178 B1 EP3516178 B1 EP 3516178B1 EP 17761043 A EP17761043 A EP 17761043A EP 3516178 B1 EP3516178 B1 EP 3516178B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process fluid
cooling
compressor
plant
boiler
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP17761043.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3516178A1 (fr
Inventor
Marcel HUSMANN
Arne Herbert LIENAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3516178A1 publication Critical patent/EP3516178A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/40—Use of two or more feed-water heaters in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5826—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of an arrangement of the type defined in the introduction.
  • the decisive advantage of the invention compared to the conventional arrangements or methods for operating arrangements which provide for driving a multi-stage process compressor by means of a thermal power plant is that the waste heat from the compression process of the thermal power plant is supplied as useful heat and, accordingly, that for the operation of the thermal power plant required energy can be reduced.
  • the direct mechanical coupling of the thermal power plant for the transfer of technical work to the compressor has the additional advantage with the additional thermodynamic connection according to the invention between the cooling, intercoolers or the aftercooler of the compressor and the preheaters in front of the boiler of the thermal power plant that the compressor with increasing performance requirements also generates an increased waste heat in cooling, which also leads to an increased possible useful heat for the operation of the driving thermal power plant.
  • the process compressor according to the invention is generally any one-stage or multi-stage compressor with corresponding cooling between the individual compression stages or an aftercooler.
  • the compression stages can be understood to mean individual impellers or also several impellers arranged directly one behind the other.
  • the compressor can basically be a radial compressor or an axial compressor or a mixed arrangement deal with radial compressor stages and axial compressor stages.
  • Particularly preferred is the design of the multi-stage compressor as a gear compressor, in which a central gear drives a plurality of compressor drive pinion shafts that carry the impellers of compressor stages.
  • a plurality of compressor stages, preferably radial compressor stages is provided on a gearbox, preferably also mechanically fastened or supported there.
  • the thermal power plant is a cycle process, also known as the Clausius-Rankine cycle.
  • This is usually a so-called steam turbine as a turbine and the process fluid is usually water or water vapor.
  • the process fluid is usually water or water vapor.
  • another, in particular an organic, liquid can be used instead of water, so that the operating temperature field of the process changes as a result of the changed process fluid.
  • thermodynamic connection between at least one cooling of the process compressor and at least one preheater of the thermal power plant is preferably accompanied by a combination of this cooling with the preheater.
  • the combination has the particular advantage that no further process fluid has to be used to transfer the thermal energy between the preheater and the cooling.
  • the cooling of the second process fluid which is combined with the preheater of the thermal power plant, can directly transfer the waste heat as useful heat to the first process fluid.
  • the first process fluid is particularly suitable for absorbing the waste heat from the second process fluid in the cooling or the preheater.
  • the invention is also advantageously used in a thermal power plant which already has a plurality of preheaters operated with taps of the turbine for the first process fluid or, in the case of the turbine operated with steam, the feed water for the boiler.
  • the tapping amount of the first process fluid from the turbine can expediently be reduced because part of the preheating is already carried out with the waste heat from the cooling of the process compressor. Accordingly, the turbine generates a higher technical output, so that the boiler manages with a lower energy input or firing.
  • the system has a cooling line with a cooling fluid guided by the cooling line, the cooling line being connected to at least one cooling of the process compressor.
  • This cooling fluid supply can be combined with the cooling fluid supply of the thermal power plant, which has a not inconsiderable cooling fluid consumption in the condenser, so that the corresponding supply of cooling fluid for cooling the process compressor can be connected there.
  • a control unit is particularly expediently provided, which is connected to control processes in the cooling fluid lines and in particular in the exchange lines between the thermal power plant and the process compressor. In particular during unsteady processes, for example during the start-up of the entire arrangement, it is expedient if the individual system components are not necessarily dependent on one another with regard to cooling or preheating, but also function largely independently of one another.
  • FIGS. 1 , 2nd each show schematically illustrated flow diagrams of the system A according to the invention or methods which illustrate the thermodynamic relationships.
  • the reference numerals used in the figures are identical for components with the same function, and the description of the figures relates to both figures, unless stated otherwise.
  • a system A comprises a thermal power plant WKA and a multi-stage process compressor MSC.
  • the thermal power plant WKA in turn comprises a pump PMP, a boiler BOI, a turbine TRB with an output shaft SD1 and a condenser CND.
  • the turbine can advantageously also have two output ends - that is, a double output.
  • the BOI boiler is either operated with the waste heat from another process or is fired using a fossil fuel. This energy supply is called FUL.
  • the BOI boiler evaporates and overheats the first process fluid PF1, which circulates in the elements of the thermal power plant WKA that are connected in a fluid-conducting manner.
  • the turbine TRB is preferably a steam turbine and the first process fluid PF1 is preferably water or water vapor.
  • the overheated water vapor flowing out in the BOI boiler is expanded in the turbine TRB and then reaches the condenser CND, where the expanded steam condenses to liquid and is then pumped up to the boiler pressure by means of the pump PMP.
  • the condenser CND is supplied with cooling fluid CLF by means of a cooling line COL. This is preferably water that is either removed from a natural heat sink and returned to it heated, or water that is removed or supplied to an at least partially artificial heat sink.
  • the process compressor MSC has one or more stages ST1, ..., STn, in which a second process fluid PF2 compresses becomes.
  • three stages ST1, ST2, ST3 are provided.
  • the process compressor also has a plurality of cooling systems IC1,..., ICn or intermediate cooling systems or an aftercooler, a first cooling system IC1, a second cooling system IC2 and a third cooling system IC3 being provided in the specific example.
  • the third cooling IC3 is also a "cooling", even if there is no further compression stage ST1,..., STn to compress the second process fluid PF2 following this third cooling IC3. It is crucial that waste heat is removed from the compression process by means of cooling.
  • the cooling systems IC1,..., ICn have connections to the cooling line COL in order to be supplied with cooling fluid CLF by the latter.
  • the same cooling line COL is particularly advantageously provided for supplying the cooling systems IC1,..., ICn with cooling fluid CLF as for the condenser CND.
  • the process compressor MSC has an input shaft SD2, which is coupled by means of a clutch CPL to an output shaft SD1 of the turbine TRB of the thermal power plant WKA.
  • a transmission can also be provided, which causes the turbine speed to be geared up or down to the process compressor MSC.
  • the thermal power plant WKA has a preheater PH1, ..., PHn in the flow of the first process fluid PF1 between the pump PMP and the boiler BOI (see in particular Figure 2 ) by means of which a preheating flow PRF is fed to the process fluid.
  • FIG. 1 there is a connection between the circuit of the thermal power plant WKA of the first process fluid PF1 and the second cooling IC2 by means of an exchange line FCC, which provides a supply of the first process fluid PF1 to the cooling IC2 and a discharge back into the circuit of the thermal power plant WKA.
  • the first process fluid PF1 absorbs and guides waste heat from the second cooling IC2 it to the cycle of the WKA thermal power plant as useful heat.
  • less energy FUL must be supplied to the BOI boiler.
  • the cooling of the process compressor MSC consumes less cooling fluid CLF in total.
  • the turbine TRB has a first tap TB1 and a second tap TB2.
  • the two taps TB1, TB2 supply a third preheater PH3 or a second preheater PH2 corresponding amounts of heat, which result in a higher inlet temperature into the boiler BOI of the first process fluid PF1.
  • the disadvantage here is that not all of the first process fluid PF1 supplied to the turbine TRB until it exits the turbine TRB provides for the production of technical work.
  • the exchange line FCC already described is provided behind the pump PMP in the circuit of the first process fluid PF1, by means of which waste heat from the process compressor is supplied as useful heat to the thermal power plant WKA.
  • the systems A are particularly advantageous Figures 1 , 2nd , a control unit CON.
  • At least the exchange line FCC or the cooling line COL are further equipped with control elements CV1, ..., CV4, which are connected to the control unit CON.
  • the control unit CON Control elements CV1, ..., CV4 adjusted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Installation (A), comprenant une centrale (WKA) thermique et un compresseur (MSC) de traitement à plusieurs étages, la centrale (WKA) thermique comprenant :
    - une pompe (PMP),
    - une chaudière (BOI),
    - une turbine (TRB) ayant un arbre (SD1) de sortie ou une sortie double,
    - un condenseur (CND),
    dans laquelle un premier fluide (PF1) de traitement circule dans les éléments communiquant entre eux fluidiquement, pompe (PMP), chaudière (BOI), turbine (TRB), condenseur (CND), le condenseur (MSC) de traitement ayant au moins un étage (ST1, ..., STn), dans lesquels un deuxième fluide (PF2) de traitement est comprimé,
    dans laquelle le compresseur (MSC) de traitement a au moins un refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) en aval d'un étage (ST1, ..., STn) de traitement, au moyen duquel au moins un premier flux (QF1, ..., QFn) de chaleur perdue peut être retiré du deuxième fluide de traitement,
    dans laquelle le compresseur (MSC) de traitement a un arbre (SD2) menant,
    dans laquelle l'arbre (SD1) mené est accouplé mécaniquement à l'arbre (SD2) menant, de manière à ce que la turbine (TRB) entraîne le compresseur (MSC) de traitement, caractérisée en ce que
    la centrale (WKA) thermique a, dans le courant du premier fluide (PF1) de traitement, entre la pompe (PMP) et la chaudière (BOI), au moins un préchauffeur (PH1, ..., PHn), au moyen duquel un flux (PRF) de préchauffage est apporté au premier fluide (PF1) de traitement, au moins un refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) communiquant avec la centrale (WKA) thermique au moyen d'au moins un conduit (FCC) d'échange, de manière à apporter, comme flux (PRF) de préchauffage, au moins une partie du flux (QF1) de chaleur perdue au premier fluide (PF1) de traitement entre la pompe (PMP) et la chaudière (BOI),
    dans laquelle l'installation a une unité (CON) de régulation,
    dans laquelle au moins le conduit (FCC) d'échange ou le conduit (COL) de refroidissement a des organes (CV1 à CV4) de régulation,
    dans laquelle l'unité (CON) de régulation est en liaison avec les organes (CV1 à CV4) de régulation et règle les organes (CV1 à CV4) de régulation en fonction de la température du deuxième fluide de traitement entre une sortie du refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) et une entrée dans un étage aval du compresseur (MSC) de traitement.
  2. Installation (A) suivant la revendication 1, dans laquelle le au moins un préchauffeur (PH1, ..., PHn) constitue une pièce combinée avec le au moins un refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn), de manière à apporter, comme flux (PRF) de préchauffage, au moins une partie du flux (QF1) de chaleur perdue au premier fluide (PF1) de traitement entre la pompe (PMP) et la chaudière (BOI).
  3. Installation (A) suivant la revendication 1, dans laquelle la turbine (TRB) a au moins un soutirage (TB1, TB2) de prélèvement du premier fluide (PF1) de traitement,
    dans laquelle au moins un préchauffeur (PH1, ..., PHn) est en liaison fluidique avec le soutirage (TB1, TB2), de manière à ce que le premier fluide (PF1) de traitement prélevé préchauffe le reste du premier fluide (PF1) de traitement avant l'entrée dans la chaudière (BOI).
  4. Installation (A) suivant la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'installation a un conduit (COL) de refroidissement ayant un fluide (CLF) de refroidissement conduit par le conduit (COL) de refroidissement, le conduit (COL) de refroidissement étant raccordé à au moins un refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) et le refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) transmettant une partie du flux (QF1, ..., QFN) de chaleur perdue au fluide (CLF) de refroidissement.
  5. Procédé pour faire fonctionner une installation (A), comprenant une centrale (WKA) thermique et un compresseur (MSC) de traitement à plusieurs étages, la centrale (WKA) thermique comprenant :
    - une pompe (PMP),
    - une chaudière (BOI),
    - une turbine (TRB) ayant un arbre (SD1) de sortie ou une sortie double,
    - un condenseur (CND), caractérisé par les stades :
    - circulation d'un premier fluide (PF1) de traitement dans les éléments communiquant fluidiquement entre eux, pompe (PMP), chaudière (BOI), turbine (TRB), condenseur (CND),
    - compression d'un deuxième fluide (PF2) de traitement au moyen d'un ou de plusieurs étages (ST1, ..., STn) du compresseur (MSC) de traitement,
    - retrait d'au moins un premier flux (QF1, ..., QFn) de chaleur du deuxième fluide (PF2) de traitement au moyen d'au moins un refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) entre deux étages (ST1, ..., STn) de traitement,
    - transmission de puissance d'entraînement de la turbine (TRB) au compresseur (MSC) de traitement,
    - apport au moins d'une partie du flux (QF1) de chaleur perdue comme flux (PRF) de préchauffage au courant du premier fluide (PF1) de traitement entre la pompe (PMP) et la chaudière (BOI),
    l'installation comportant un conduit (COL) de refroidissement avec un fluide (CLF) de refroidissement conduit par le conduit (COL) de refroidissement, le conduit (COL) de refroidissement étant raccordé à au moins un refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn), le procédé ayant les autres stades :
    - transmission d'une partie du flux (QF1, ..., QFn) de chaleur perdue au fluide (CLF) de refroidissement, l'installation ayant une unité (CON) de régulation,
    au moins le conduit (FCC) d'échange ou le conduit (COL) de refroidissement ayant des organes (CV1 à CV4) de régulation, l'unité (CON) de régulation étant en liaison avec les organes (CV1 à CV4) de régulation,
    dans lequel le procédé a les autres stades :
    - mesure de la température du deuxième fluide de traitement entre une sortie du refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) et une entrée dans un étage aval du compresseur (MSC) de traitement,
    - réglage des organes (CV1 à CV4) de régulation en fonction de la température du deuxième fluide de traitement entre une sortie du refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) et une entrée dans un étage aval du compresseur (MSC) de traitement, au moins un refroidissement (IC1, ..., ICn) communiquant avec la centrale (WKA) thermique au moyen d'au moins un conduit (FCC) d'échange, de manière à apporter, comme flux (PRF) de préchauffage, au moins une partie du flux (QF1) de chaleur perdue au premier fluide (PF1) de traitement entre la pompe (PMP) et la chaudière (BOI).
  6. Procédé suivant la revendication 5, comprenant les autres stades :
    - prélèvement du premier fluide (PF1) de traitement de la turbine (TRB) au moyen d'au moins un soutirage (TB1, TB2),
    - préchauffage du reste du premier fluide (PF1) de traitement avant l'entrée dans la chaudière (BOI) au moyen du premier fluide (PF1) de traitement prélevé.
EP17761043.3A 2016-09-19 2017-08-22 Installation et procédé comprenant une centrale thermique et un compresseur de traitement Active EP3516178B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016217886.5A DE102016217886A1 (de) 2016-09-19 2016-09-19 Anlage und Verfahren mit einer Wärmekraftanlage und einem Prozessverdichter
PCT/EP2017/071097 WO2018050402A1 (fr) 2016-09-19 2017-08-22 Installation et procédé comprenant une centrale thermique et un compresseur de traitement

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EP3516178A1 EP3516178A1 (fr) 2019-07-31
EP3516178B1 true EP3516178B1 (fr) 2020-06-17

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EP (1) EP3516178B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109790760B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016217886A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2700115C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018050402A1 (fr)

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CZ307962B6 (cs) * 2017-03-31 2019-09-18 Vysoká Škola Báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava Zařízení pro využití kompresního tepla

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DE19745272C2 (de) * 1997-10-15 1999-08-12 Siemens Ag Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Anlage
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109790760B (zh) 2021-11-09
RU2700115C1 (ru) 2019-09-12
WO2018050402A1 (fr) 2018-03-22
DE102016217886A1 (de) 2018-03-22
EP3516178A1 (fr) 2019-07-31
CN109790760A (zh) 2019-05-21

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