EP3515624A1

EP3515624A1 - Method, machine tool, and slotting tool for the multiple-stroke slotting of plate-shaped workpieces

Info

Publication number: EP3515624A1
Application number: EP17783767.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Markus Wilhelm; Rainer Hank; Marc Klinkhammer; Leonard Schindewolf; Simon OCKENFUSS; Dr. Jens KAPPES; Dennis Tränklein; Alexander Tatarczyk; Dr. Jörg NEUPERT; Dominik BITTO; Markus MAATZ; Christian JAKISCH
Original assignee: Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen SE and Co KG
Current assignee: Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen SE and Co KG
Priority date: 2016-09-26
Filing date: 2017-09-26
Publication date: 2019-07-31
Also published as: US20190217369A1; US11325176B2; CN109843465A; CN109843465B; WO2018055190A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method, a machine tool, and a slotting tool for the multiple-stroke slotting of plate-shaped workpieces (10), in particular sheets, by means of a slotting tool (31) which comprises a punch (11) and a die (9), between which the workpiece (10) to be machined is positioned. The workpiece (10) and the slotting tool (31) are moved relative to each other in the advancing direction (39) with at least one advancing movement between strokes of the punch (11) and the die (9). A slotting stroke for cutting free the material strip (58) and a cutting stroke for separating the material strip (58) are carried out in the slotting tool (31) working phase, in which the punch (11) and/or the die (9) are actuated so as to carry out a stroke movement and a movement in a second movement direction along a movement axis deviating from the stroke movement in a superimposed manner.

Description

Method, machine tool and slot tool for
mehrhubig progressing slits of
plate-shaped workpieces
The invention relates to a method and a machine tool and a slot tool for multi-stroke progressive slitting of plate-shaped workpieces, in particular of sheets.
To produce high-quality cut surfaces is currently a generic method according to DE 200 20 499 U1. In this method, it is provided that slots are introduced by means of a slot tool, which comprises a punch and a die, between which the workpiece to be machined is positioned. The punch and the die each have two longitudinally extending slitting in the slot direction and at the longitudinal ends of the longitudinal cutting between these transversely to the slot direction extending transverse cutting edges, wherein the longitudinal edges of the punch in the slot direction relative to the die rise and a front cross-cutting edge of the punch higher than a rear Cross cutting edge lies. In the course of the process, the punch and the die are moved toward one another relative to one another and the slot tool and the workpiece are moved relative to one another in the feed direction. The punch and the die perform in their relative movement strokes in the form of Schlitzhüben and at least one Kapphub.
The die has an opening which is delimited in length by a front transverse cutting edge and a cutting edge located inside the die and recessed with respect to the workpiece supporting surface. A first embodiment of the slotting tool comprises a two-part punch, in which first slitters for free cutting of the material strip can dive into the opening of the die, and second slitting of the punch are brought into abutment with the coping edge of the die. As a result, a free movement of the material strip and a separation of the material strip can be performed by means of a lifting movement of the punch to the die.
In a second embodiment of the slot tool, the punch is formed integrally with a continuous longitudinal cutting edge. The punch is moved towards the die with a lifting movement for free cutting of the strip of material, and the strip of material is severed at the coping edge. At this time, a stop of the lifting movement is required in order to avoid a clash of the longitudinal edge of the punch and the cutting edge of the die.
In both embodiments, the punch is then lifted in the opposite direction to the lifting movement of the die. In a final phase, the punch is rotated by 180 ° after the free cutting of the material strip to cut through a last Kapphub the strip of material from the solid material.
From EP 1 317 974 B1, a method for producing slits in plate-shaped workpieces with a slotted tool is known, which comprises a punch and a die. The punch and the die each have two longitudinal cutting edges running in the slot direction and, at their longitudinal ends, the longitudinal cutting edges between these transverse cutting edges extending transversely to the slot direction. In contrast to the die of DE 200 20 499 U1, the die has no inner peripheral edge.
In order to produce a slit in the plate-shaped workpiece, a gating slit stroke is carried out in a gating phase, in which a gating is produced at a distance from the workpiece edge. In this case, a strip of material is cut free, which remains connected at one end to the plate-shaped workpiece. The punch and the die are moved away from each other. Subsequently, with a coordinate guide of the machine tool, a movement of the plate-shaped material in the feed direction, so that in a subsequent slot stroke of the cut material strip is extended. Subsequently, the punch and the die are again moved away from each other. By the coordinate guide a return stroke is initiated, which is opposite to the feed. The return stroke is then completed, provided that the front free end of the strip of material lies within a slot opening of the die. So it is performed a pendulum stroke. Subsequently, a cape stroke is carried out to completely separate the cut-out strip of material.
Following this start-up phase, a work phase takes place. In this work phase, the plate-shaped workpiece in the feed direction is first again moved by means of the coordinate guide by a feed length corresponding to the maximum achievable cutting length. Subsequently, a slot stroke is performed to again cut a strip of material. Subsequently, the punch and die are moved away from each other within the working phase. The coordinate device in turn performs a return stroke. Subsequently, a cape stroke is initiated by moving the plunger and die together to separate the cut-free strip of material. This working phase with the slot stroke and the following Kapphub, wherein between the slot stroke and the Kapphub a pushing movement of the plate-shaped workpiece is driven by the coordinate device, may be repeated several times depending on the length of the slot to be introduced.
In a final phase, the plate-shaped material is moved with the coordinate device in the feed direction after the cutting free of the material strip to subsequently cut with a last Kapphub a strip of material from the full material, ie beyond the connection with the rest of the workpiece.
The invention has for its object to provide a method and a machine and a slot tool for producing slots in plate-shaped workpieces, through which the quality of the cut surfaces, especially in the production of visible edges and the trimming of workpieces, further increased and the processing time for Insertion of slots is reduced.
This object is achieved by a method for multi-stroke progressing slits of plate-shaped workpieces, wherein in a working phase of the slotting a Schlitzhub for free cutting of the strip of material and a Kapphub for separating the strip of material is performed, in which the punch and / or the die with a lifting movement be controlled superimposed along a stroke axis and another movement along a movement axis deviating to the stroke movement. This makes it possible that in this one working phase both a scoring of a strip of material and a subsequent free cutting of the strip of material is made possible. This can shorten the working time and thus the process cycle can be achieved. Through this superimposed movement of the punch and / or the die within a working process, the quality of the cut surface can be improved because a continuous control of a working phase is made possible, whereby an improved cut is given.
An advantageous embodiment of the method provides that during the working phase, the position of the workpiece to the punch or the position of the workpiece is maintained to the die. This can be achieved a further increase in the quality of cut.
It is preferably provided that in the working phase, the slit tool is driven with a return stroke-free working stroke, in which the material strip is cut free by a slit stroke and with a preferably subsequent Kapphub the strip of material is separated from the workpiece. This working phase allows the material strip to be cut free first by a lifting movement and then a subsequent capping stroke of the material cutting is carried out with a superimposed movement along the lifting axis and the upper positioning axis. The capstan is made by a movement along the stroke axis. By avoiding a pendulum stroke or a return stroke, further process time optimization can be made possible.
The working stroke in a working phase is preferably subdivided into several lifting phases, wherein in a first lifting phase for the slot stroke a uniaxial lifting movement is actuated, in which the punch and / or the die are moved towards each other. After the material strip has been cut free by the uniaxial lifting movement, a second lifting phase is preferably initiated, in which the uniaxial lifting movement of the punch or the die is superposed with a second direction of movement along the positioning axis, so that an inclined or inclined lifting movement is activated. As a result, a position axis of the punch and a position axis of the die are moved parallel to one another. Preferably, therefore, the slot stroke and then the Kapphub is carried out in the same working phase first.
A first stroke phase of the working stroke is preferably then terminated as soon as a front transverse cutting edge of the punching punch has been transferred to a height of a front transverse cutting edge of the die. As a result, a targeted free cutting of the material strip can be achieved, so that it still remains with an opposite end on the workpiece. Alternatively, it can be provided that the first stroke phase of the working stroke is then ended as soon as a front transverse cutting edge of the punch is positioned at a distance from the material thickness of the workpiece relative to the die.
Furthermore, it is preferably provided that in the working phase, the second stroke phase of the working stroke is terminated as soon as the front transverse cutting edge of the punch is positioned opposite an inner and opposite the front transverse cutting edge of the die deeper Kappkante in the die opposite.
A third lifting phase adjoining the second lifting phase of the working stroke is preferably controlled again by a uniaxial lifting movement of the punch and / or the die, so that in a simple manner the cut-free strip of material can be separated from the workpiece at the cutting edge.
A preliminary phase preceding the working stroke preferably comprises a first working stroke in which a strip of material is cut free, wherein the lifting movement of the punch is limited to the die, so that only a part of the longitudinal edge of the punch enters the opening of the die. As a result, as it were, a scarfing can take place and the material strip can be at least partially transferred into the opening of the die by a bend.
The stroke phases of the working stroke in the working phase preferably adjoin the first working stroke of the connecting phase. For introducing a first slot only a short first cycle is required, the subsequent working cycles for the working phase can be repeated several times depending on the length of the slot.
After the working phase has been carried out, an end phase is preferably selected, in which the slot tool is rotated 180 ° around the position axis while maintaining the position of the workpiece and subsequently a final stroke is carried out in which part of the material strip is cut free from the full material of the workpiece , As a result, a clean final separation cut can take place, so that a possible countersinking of the material strip with respect to the workpiece level does not occur.
The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a machine tool for multi-stroke progressive slitting of plate-shaped workpieces, wherein the punch and / or the die are arranged at least on a Hubantriebsvorrichtung and zubewegbar each other and the at least one Hubantriebsvorrichtung held on a machine frame from the upper and / or lower positioning axis is provided movable, which is provided perpendicular to the stroke axis of the punch and the die and each positioning independently of the other controlled by the controller, so that the punch and / or the die are at least for a power stroke in a working phase controlled , The independent control in the movement of movement of the punch and / or the die along the upper and lower positioning axis makes it possible to control a lifting movement of the punch and / or the die that is inclined relative to the lifting axis. Such a lifting movement lying outside the lifting axis can be controlled in the slot direction as a function of the length of the cutting edges of the punch and / or the die. By controlling the lifting movement outside a lifting axis, in particular vertical lifting axis, a return stroke-free machining for the introduction of slots can be made possible.
For positioning the plate-shaped workpiece in the machine tool is preferably provided that the slot tool between the Anschlitzphase, the working phase and the final phase and between two working strokes in the working phase by an upper and / or lower drive assembly is movable. By means of this drive arrangement, the slot tool can be moved independently along the upper and lower positioning axes, wherein the drive arrangement comprises a motor drive in order to control the respective travel movement.
The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a slot tool, in particular for carrying out the above-described method, which has a punch and a die, wherein the punch two running in the slot direction longitudinal cutting and at the longitudinal ends of the longitudinal cutting with between these transverse to the slot direction extending transverse cutting is formed. The slits on the punch rise in the direction of the front cross-cutting edge relative to the rear cross-cutting edge. The die has two longitudinal cutting edges extending in the slot direction and at the longitudinal ends of the longitudinal cutting edges, an anterior and posterior transverse cutting edge extending transversely to the slot direction is provided. An opening in an abutment surface of the die is longer than the longitudinal edge of the stamper and adjacent to this opening there is provided an inboard chop edge which is recessed from the front chisel edge of the die and recessed towards the rear chisel edge of the die. The rear cross cutting edge and the cut edge limit the length of the opening in the die. The length of the longitudinal cutting edges of the punch correspond to the length of the opening in the die. In particular, the length of the longitudinal cutting edges of the punch and a width for a cutting gap between the punch and the die corresponds to the length of the opening. By means of such a slotted tool it is made possible that in a working stroke both scissoring or free cutting of the material strip as well as a subsequent capping stroke are made possible. As a result, a working stroke in the working phase can be passed through a movement of the punch and the die relative to each other, without a return stroke is required. This in turn can reduce the cycle times.
It is preferably provided that the slot tool has a one-piece punch. In this slotting tool, the slitters are continuously provided on the punch. As a result, the production is simplified.
The invention and further advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings and explained. The features to be taken from the description and the drawings can be applied individually according to the invention individually or in combination in any combination. Show it:
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the machine tool according to the invention,
FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the basic structure of a lifting drive device and of a motor drive according to FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a superimposed lifting movement in the Y and Z directions of the tappet according to FIG. 1,
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a further superimposed lifting movement in the Y and Z directions of the tappet according to FIG. 1,
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view from above of the machine tool according to FIG. 1 with workpiece support surfaces,
FIG. 6 shows a schematic side view of a slot tool,
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a die of the slot tool according to FIG. 6,
FIGS. 8/1 to 8/5 schematic illustrations of the sequence of a gating phase during operation of the machine tool according to FIG. 1,
FIGS. 9/1 to 9/5 representations of principles for the course of a working phase during operation of the machine tool according to FIG. 1,
Figures 10/1 and 10/2 schematic diagrams for the end of a final phase during operation of the machine tool of Figure 1 and
FIG. 11 shows a schematic side view of an alternative die to FIG. 6.
FIG. 1 shows a machine tool 1, which is designed as a stamping press. This machine tool 1 comprises a support structure with a closed machine frame 2. This comprises two horizontal frame legs 3, 4 and two vertical frame legs 5 and 6. The machine frame 2 encloses a frame interior 7, the working area of the machine tool 1 with an upper tool 11 and a lower tool. 9 forms.
The machine tool 1 is used for processing plate-shaped workpieces 10, which are not shown in Figure 1 for the sake of simplicity and can be arranged for processing purposes in the frame interior 7. A workpiece 10 to be machined is placed on a workpiece support 8 provided in the frame interior 7. In a recess of the workpiece support 8, the lower tool 9 is mounted, for example in the form of a punching die on the lower horizontal frame leg 4 of the machine frame 2. This punching die can be provided with a die opening. During a punching process, the upper tool 11 designed as a punch dies into the die opening of the lower tool designed as a punching die.
The upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 can be used instead of a punch and a punching die as a punch and a bending die for forming workpieces 10.
The upper tool 11 is fixed in a tool holder at a lower end of a plunger 12. The plunger 12 is part of a lifting drive device 13, by means of which the upper tool 11 can be moved in a stroke direction along a lifting axis 14. The lifting axis 14 extends in the direction of the Z-axis of the coordinate system of a indicated in Figure 1 numerical control 15 of the machine tool 1. Perpendicular to the lifting axis 14, the lifting drive device 13 along a positioning axis 16 are moved in the direction of the double arrow. The positioning axis 16 extends in the direction of the Y-axis of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. The lifting tool 13 receiving the upper tool 11 is moved by means of a motor drive 17 along the positioning axis 16.
The movement of the plunger 12 along the lifting axis 14 and the positioning of the lifting drive device 13 along the positioning axis 16 by means of a motor drive 17 in the form of a drive assembly 17, in particular spindle drive assembly, with a running in the direction of the positioning axis 16 and fixedly connected to the machine frame 2 drive spindle 18. The lifting drive device 13 is guided during movements along the positioning axis 16 on three guide rails 19 of the upper frame leg 3, of which two guide rails 19 can be seen in FIG. The one remaining guide rail 19 is parallel to the visible guide rail 19 and is spaced therefrom in the direction X-axis of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. On the guide rails 19 run guide shoes 20 of the Hubantriebsvorrichtung 13. The mutual engagement of the guide rail 19 and the guide shoes 20 is such that this connection between the guide rails 19 and the guide shoes 20 can also absorb a load acting in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the lifting drive device 13 is suspended on the machine frame 2 via the guide shoes 20 and the guide rails 19. Another component of the lifting drive device 13 is a wedge gear 21, by which a position of the upper tool 11 is adjustable relative to the lower tool 9.
The lower tool 9 is received movably along a lower positioning axis 25. This lower positioning axis 25 extends in the direction of the Y-axis of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. Preferably, the lower positioning axis 25 is aligned parallel to the upper positioning axis 16. The lower tool 9 can be moved directly on the lower positioning axis 16 with a motor drive arrangement 26 along the positioning axis 25. Alternatively or additionally, the lower tool 9 can also be provided on a lifting drive device 27, which can be moved along the lower positioning axis 25 by means of the motor drive arrangement 26. This drive arrangement 26 is preferably designed as a spindle drive arrangement. The lower lift drive device 27 may correspond in structure to the upper lift drive device 13. Also, the motor drive assembly 26 may correspond to the motor drive assembly 17.
The lower lifting drive device 27 is slidably mounted on the lower horizontal frame leg 4 associated guide rails 19. Guide shoes 20 of the lifting drive device 27 run on the guide rails 19, so that the connection between the guide rails 19 and guide shoes 20 on the lower tool 9 can also absorb a load acting in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the lifting drive device 27 is suspended via the guide shoes 20 and the guide rails 19 on the machine frame 2 and at a distance from the guide rails 19 and guide shoes 20 of the upper lifting drive device 13. The lifting drive device 27 may include a wedge gear 21, by which the position or height of the lower tool 9 along the Z-axis is adjustable.
By means of the numerical control 15, both the motor drives 17 for a movement of the upper tool 11 along the upper positioning axis 16 and the one or more motor drives 26 for a movement of the lower tool 9 along the lower positioning axis 25 can be controlled independently of each other. Thus, the upper and lower tool 11, 9 can be moved synchronously in the direction of the Y-axis of the coordinate system. Likewise, an independent movement of the upper and lower tool 11, 9 are also driven in different directions. This independent movement of the upper and lower tool 11, 9 can be controlled at the same time. By decoupling the movement between the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 increased flexibility in the machining of workpieces 10 can be achieved. Also, the upper and lower tool 11, 9 may be formed for machining the workpieces 10 in a variety of ways.
One component of the lifting drive device 13 is the wedge gear 21, which is shown in FIG. The wedge gear 21 comprises two drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123, and two output-side wedge gear elements 124, 125. The latter are structurally combined to form a structural unit in the form of a driven-side double wedge 126. At the output side double wedge 126, the plunger 12 is rotatably mounted about the lifting axis 14. A motor rotary drive device 128 is housed in the output side double wedge 126 and moves the plunger 12 when necessary along the lifting axis 14. Here, both a left and a right turn of the plunger 12 according to the double arrow in Figure 2 is possible. A plunger bearing 129 is shown schematically. On the one hand, the plunger bearing 129 allows low-friction rotational movements of the plunger 12 about the lifting axis 14, on the other hand, the plunger bearing 129 supports the plunger 12 in the axial direction and accordingly carries loads acting on the plunger 12 in the direction of the lifting axis 14 in the output side double wedge 126 ,
The driven-side double wedge 126 is limited by a wedge surface 130, and by a wedge surface 131 of the output-side gear element 125. The wedge surfaces 130, 131 of the output-side wedge gear elements 124, 125 are opposed by wedge surfaces 132, 133 of the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123. By longitudinal guides 134, 135, the drive-side wedge gear member 122 and the output side wedge gear member 124, and the drive side wedge gear member 123 and the driven side wedge gear member 125 in the direction of the Y-axis, that is, in the direction of the positioning axis 16 of the Hubantriebsvorrichtung 13 are guided relative to each other movable.
The drive-side wedge gear element 122 has a motor drive unit 138, the drive-side wedge gear element 123 via a motor drive unit 139. Both drive units 138, 139 together form the spindle drive arrangement 17th
Common to the motor drive units 138, 139 is the drive spindle 18 shown in FIG. 1 as well as the lifting drive device 13, 27 mounted on the machine frame 2 and consequently supporting structure side.
To the motor drive units 138, 139, the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 are operated such that they move along the positioning axis 16, for example, which results in a relative movement between the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 on the one hand and the output side wedge gear elements 124, 125 on the other hand , As a result of this relative movement of the output side double wedge 126 and the ram 12 mounted thereon is moved along the lifting axis 14 down. The punch mounted on the plunger 12, for example, as an upper tool 11 performs a working stroke and thereby machined on the workpiece support 28, 29 and the workpiece support 8 mounted workpiece 10. By an opposite movement of the drive wedge elements 122, 123, the plunger 12 is again along the Lifting axle 14 is raised or moved upwards.
The above-described lifting drive device 13 according to FIG. 2 is preferably constructed identically as the lower lift drive device 27 and accommodates the lower tool 9.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a possible stroke movement of the plunger 12. The diagram shows a stroke course along the Y-axis and the Z-axis. By a superimposed control of a movement of the plunger 12 along the lifting axis 14 and along the positioning axis 16, for example, an oblique lifting movement of the Hubstößels 12 down to the workpiece 10 to be driven, as shown by the first straight line A. Subsequently, after the stroke has been carried out, the plunger 12 can be lifted vertically, for example, as shown by the straight line B. Subsequently, for example, an exclusive movement takes place along the Y-axis in accordance with the straight line C, in order to position the plunger 12 for the workpiece 10 for a new working position. Subsequently, for example, the work sequence described above can be repeated. If, for a subsequent processing step, the workpiece 10 is moved on the workpiece support surface 28, 29, a movement along the straight line C can also be dispensed with.
The illustrated in the diagram in Figure 3 possible stroke movement of the plunger 12 on the upper tool 11 is preferably combined with a stationary held lower tool 9. In this case, the lower tool 9 is positioned within the machine frame 2 such that at the end of a working stroke of the upper tool 11, the upper and lower tool 11, 9 occupy a defined position.
This exemplary superimposed stroke course can be controlled both for the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9. Depending on the processing of the workpiece 10 to be carried out, a superimposed lifting movement of the upper tool and / or lower tool 11, 9 can be actuated.
4 shows a schematic diagram illustrating a lifting movement of the plunger 12 according to the exemplary illustrated line D along a Y-axis and a Z-axis. Notwithstanding Figure 3 is provided in this embodiment, that a lifting movement of the plunger 12 can undergo a curve or arc curve by a superposition of the movements in the Y direction and Z direction is controlled accordingly by the controller 15. Such a flexible superimposition of the movement movements in the X and Z directions allows specific machining tasks to be solved. The control of such a curve can be provided for the upper tool 11 and / or lower tool 9.
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the machine tool 1 according to FIG. On the machine frame 2 of the machine tool 1 extends laterally each a workpiece support 28, 29. The workpiece support 28 may for example be associated with a loading station, not shown, through which unprocessed workpieces 10 are placed on the workpiece support 28. Adjoining the workpiece support 28, 29 is a feed device 22, which comprises a plurality of grippers 23 in order to grip the workpiece 10 placed on the workpiece support 28. By means of the feed device 22, the workpiece 10 is passed through the machine frame 2 in the X direction. Preferably, the feed device 22 can also be moved in the Y direction. As a result, a free movement of the workpiece 10 in the X-Y plane can be provided. Depending on the work task, the workpiece 10 can be moved by the feed device 22 both in the X direction and counter to the X direction. This movement of the workpiece 10 can be adapted to a movement of the upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 in and counter to the Y direction for the respective processing task.
The workpiece support 28 opposite the other workpiece support 29 is provided on the machine frame 2. This may for example be associated with an unloading station. Alternatively, the loading and unloading of the unprocessed workpiece 10 and machined workpiece 10 with workpieces 81 may also be assigned to the same workpiece support 28, 29.
The machine tool 1 can furthermore have a laser processing device 201, in particular a laser cutting machine, which is shown only schematically in a plan view in FIG. This laser processing device 201 can be designed, for example, as a CO 2 laser cutting machine. The laser processing device 201 comprises a laser source 202, which generates a laser beam 203, which is guided by means of a beam guide 204 shown schematically to a laser processing head, in particular laser cutting head 206, and focused in this. Thereafter, the laser beam 204 is aligned by a cutting nozzle perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece 10 to machine the workpiece 10. The laser beam 203 acts on the workpiece 10 at the processing location, in particular the cutting location, preferably together with a process gas jet. The cutting point at which the laser beam 203 occurs on the workpiece 10 is adjacent to the processing point of the upper tool 11 and lower tool. 9
The laser cutting head 206 can be moved by a linear drive 207 with a linear axis system at least in the Y direction, preferably in the Y and Z directions. This linear axis system, which receives the laser cutting head 206, may be associated with, attached to, or integrated with the machine frame 2. Below a working space of the laser cutting head 206, a beam passage opening may be provided in the workpiece support 28. Preferably, a beam collecting device for the laser beam 21 may be provided below the beam passage opening. The beam passage opening and optionally the beam collecting device can also be designed as a structural unit.
Alternatively, the laser processing device 201 may also comprise a solid-state laser as the laser source 202, the radiation of which is guided to the laser cutting head 206 by means of a light-conducting cable.
The workpiece support 28, 29 may extend directly to the workpiece support 8, which surrounds the lower tool 9 at least partially. Within a free space resulting therebetween, the lower tool 9 is movable along the lower positioning axis 25 in and counter to the Y direction.
On the workpiece support 28 is for example a machined workpiece 10, in which a workpiece part 81 is cut free from a cutting gap 83, for example by a punching or by a laser beam processing to a residual compound 82. By this residual connection, the workpiece 81 is held in the workpiece 10 and the remaining skeleton. To separate the workpiece part 81 from the workpiece 10, the workpiece 10 is positioned by means of the feed device 22 to the upper and lower tool 11, 9 for a stamping and Ausschleusschritt. In this case, the residual compound 82 is separated by a punching stroke of the upper tool 11 to the lower tool 9. The workpiece part 81 can be discharged, for example, by partially lowering the workpiece support 8 down. Alternatively, with larger workpiece parts 81, the cut-free workpiece part 81 can be transferred back to the workpiece support 28 or onto the workpiece support 29 in order to unload the workpiece part 81 and the residual grid. Also, small workpiece parts 81 may optionally be discharged through an opening in the lower tool 9.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic sectional view of a slot tool 31, which consists of the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9. In the following, the upper tool 11 with punch and the lower tool 9 with die continue to be referred to. On the punch 11, for example, an associated scraper 32 is shown. The punch 11 has two longitudinal cutting edges 34 which run in a slot direction 33 and which rise in the slot direction 33 in relation to the workpiece 10 to be slit, in particular sheet metal. Between the longitudinal cutting edges 34 of the punch 11 extend transversely to the slot direction 34 a front in this direction transverse cutting edge 36 and a rear transverse cutting edge 37. Contrary to the slot direction 33, a feed direction 39 is shown.
The die 9 is likewise provided with longitudinal cutting edges 41 extending in the slot direction 33. Between these extend transversely to the slot direction 33, a front transverse cutting edge 42 and a rear transverse cutting edge 43. A base body 45 of the die 9 comprises an opening 46, in which the longitudinal cutting edges 34 can enter and which opens into an opening 47 which completely penetrates the base body 45 ,
The matrix 9 further has a Kappkante 48, which is set back relative to the front transverse cutting edge 42 in the direction of the rear transverse cutting edge 43. This Kappkante 48 is recessed relative to the front transverse cutting edge 42. This cut edge 48 advantageously has the same length as the transverse cutting edge 42. The Kappkante 48 and opposite the rear cross-cutting edge 43 limit the length of the opening 47 and thus the length of auszuschleusenden material strip 58. The distance between the front cross-cutting edge 36 and the rear cross-cutting edge 37 of the punch 11 may be adapted to the length of the opening 47. Preferably, the opening 47 is larger than the distance of the front transverse cutting edge 36 and the rear transverse cutting edge 37 of the slot tool 31. The resulting clearance can be used to adjust the kerf width in the Y direction as a function of the workpiece thickness d of the workpiece 10. The opening 46 is longer than the aperture 47. As a result, the cut-free strip of material 58 is not completely separated, but the gate 49 remains on the workpiece 10. Thus, the quality of the slot 50 (Figure 5) can be increased.
For the thickness of the workpiece 10 is the abbreviation "d" in Figure 4 and for the inclination angle of the longitudinal cutting edge 34 on the punch 11 relative to the workpiece 10, the abbreviation α is provided.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of the die 9 according to FIG. The longitudinal cutting edge 41 and the front and rear transverse cutting edges 42, 43 adjoin a bearing surface 52 on the die 9.
The machine tool 1 in FIG. 5 shows the workpiece 10 after the completion of the slot 50. The preceding sequences for producing such a slot 50 in the workpiece 10 are shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 below.
Before the beginning of the individual method steps for the production of the slot 50, the die 9 is rotated about its positioning axis 53 for aligning the opening 46, so that it is aligned with the punch 11. Alternatively and / or additionally, the punch 11 can be rotated about its positioning axis 55. This positioning axis 55 of the punch 11 preferably lies in the longitudinal axis, in particular in the longitudinal axis of a clamping shank 56 for receiving the punch 11 on the lifting drive device 13 of the machine tool 1. The positioning axis 53 of the die 9 preferably corresponds to an axis of symmetry of the die 9 or of the main body 45 , which is preferably removably received on a lower lifting drive device 27 or on a lower positioning axis 25.
After replacing and aligning the slitting tool 31, a gate phase is started, which is shown in individual steps in FIGS. 8/1 to 8/5. The workpiece 10 is positioned by means of the feed device 22 with respect to the slot tool 31 and thereby pushed into the space between the punch 11 and the die 9, wherein an edge of the workpiece 10 protrudes from the opening 46 and at least rests on the support surface 52 of the die 9 or protrudes from this. The punch 11 is located in the stroke direction 14 in its initial position to the die 9. Subsequently, a bleed is created with a gate slit stroke in the workpiece 10, as shown in Figure 8/2. Alternatively, the gate slit stroke may also be provided on the workpiece edge. Such a gate is also referred to as pruning. The cooperation of the rear transverse cutting edge 37 on the punch 11 and the rear transverse cutting edge 43 of the die 9 creates the transverse limit 33 in the slot direction 33 and the first part of the slot 50 extending in the longitudinal direction of the slot 50. In this case, a material strip 58 is cut free. Due to a corresponding control of the lifting drive device 13, the punch 11 moves in the gate slit stroke only so far into the die 9, that at the side located in the slot direction 33 a connection between the strip of material 58 and the remaining workpiece 10 is maintained. In the gate slit stroke of the punch 11 is raised to its original position and moved by means of the upper positioning axis 16 in the slot direction 33. Alternatively it can be provided that the punch 11 is raised and the die 9 is moved relative to the punch 11. Also, a relative movement of the punch 11 and the die 9 may be provided. This traversing movement is controlled in such a way that the bending edge 59 produced during the gating slit stroke is immediately adjacent to the front transverse cutting edge 42 of the die 9 or of the front transverse cutting edge 36 of the die 11. Subsequently, in a first lifting phase, a lifting movement of the punch 11 on the die 9, which is controlled such that the punch 11 comes with its longitudinal cutting edges 34 to rest on the material strip 58, as shown in Figure 8/3. A Kapphub between the front transverse cutting edge 36 of the punch 11 and the front transverse cutting edge 42 of the die 9 is thereby prevented.
Subsequently, the lifting movement of the punch 11 is superimposed along the lifting axis 14 in a second lifting phase with a movement in a further movement axis deviating from the lifting axis. Preferably, the further movement in a movement axis perpendicular to the lifting axis 14, in particular in the direction of the upper or lower positioning axis 16, 25. The lifting axis is preferably aligned in the Z direction and the superimposed movement as sideways movement in or against the Y direction. This results in a movement of the punch 11, which corresponds to the arrow 61 shown for example in Figure 8/3. The superimposed lifting and sideways movement of the punch 11 is continued in the second lifting phase until the strip of material 58, also called span, is severed. In this case, the rear transverse cutting edge 37 of the punch 11 can be positioned immediately adjacent to the rear transverse cutting edge 43 of the die 9 or come to rest thereon. If the slot tool 31 is shorter than the length of the opening 47 in the die 9, a collision of the rear transverse cutting edge 37 of the punch 11 with the rear transverse cutting edge 43 of the die 9 can be avoided. Subsequently, a third lifting phase is introduced, which is shown in Figure 8/4. The movement of the punch 11 along the opening 46 of the die 9 is stopped. The lifting movement of the punch 11 is further controlled in the third stroke phase, so that the front transverse cutting edge 36 of the punch 11 performs a capstan stroke and the material strip 58 is severed at the inner cutting edge 48.
Subsequently, the separated strip of material 58 is discharged through the opening 47 downwards, as shown in Figure 8/5. Subsequently, the punch 9 returns by means of the lifting drive device 13 back into an initial position according to Figure 8/1. The gating phase is over.
Subsequent to the gating phase, the working phase shown in FIGS. 9/1 to 9/5 follows. For positioning the slitting tool 31 to the workpiece 10, the slitting tool 31 is moved so that a front free end of the material strip 58 is located within the opening 46 of the die 9 or adjacent to the rear cross-cutting edge 43 of the die 9. If the workpiece 10 by means of the feed device 22 in the feed direction 39 can be moved, so alternatively, a relative movement between the slot tool 31 and the workpiece 10 may be provided for positioning. Following this, the punch 11 is moved relative to the die 9 by means of a movement, so that in turn the front transverse cutting edge 36 of the punch 11 is above the front transverse cutting edge 42 of the die 9. This becomes clear by the offset of the position axes 55, 53. During this movement movement, the punch 11 can also stand still and the die 9 can be moved in order to assume the starting position according to FIG. 9/2 for a subsequent lifting movement.
The subsequent implementation of the slot stroke according to FIGS. 9/1 to 9/5 corresponds to the slot stroke according to FIGS. 8/3 to 8/5, so that full reference is made to this in order to avoid repetition. The gate phase is analogous to the working phase after the introduction of the first gate according to FIG. 8/2 in the sequence of the three stroke phases during a working stroke.
The working phase according to FIGS. 9/1 to 9/5 is repeated until a transverse limit of the slot 50 lying at the front in the slot direction 33 is almost reached. Then, a final phase is initiated, which is shown in Figures 10/1 and 10/2.
Starting from the positioning of the die 9 to the workpiece 10 according to FIG. 9/5 and a plunger 11 lifted thereupon in a start position for a renewed lifting movement, the final phase is initiated. A rotational movement of the punch 11 about the positioning axis 55 and / or a rotational movement of the die 9 about its positioning axis 53 are actuated. This at least one rotational movement comprises an angle of 180 °. When driving a rotary movement of the die 9 is preferably provided that it is driven with a lifting movement in the form of a lowering along the lower stroke axis 30 to during the rotational movement snagging with a Abscherfahne, which inclined relative to the workpiece plane at the bending edge 59 downward is to avoid. Subsequently, the rear transverse cutting edge 37 of the punch 11 is moved toward the rear transverse cutting edge 43 of the die 9 by a relative movement. This final stroke is performed as Kapphub, as shown in Figure 10/2. In this Kapphub the last part of the slot 50 including the front transverse boundary of the slot 50 is created. In this last Kapphub a bending edge between a portion of the material strip 58, in particular the Ausscherfahne, and the solid material is separated. After a final return stroke of the punch 11 to a starting position, the workpiece 10 can be moved further by means of the feed device 22 to transfer it to a position shown in FIG 5 or moved into a further position between the slot tool 31 for introducing at least one further slot.
In the present inventive method, a working stroke is controlled both at the gate phase and the working phase, in which at least three lifting phases are provided, preferably a return stroke-free control of the stroke movement is driven during the at least three lifting phases. Preferably, a continuous lifting movement along the lifting axis 14, in particular Z-axis, driven, wherein between the first and third lifting phase, a superposition of the lifting movement along the lifting axis 14 by a deviating movement is carried out. In particular, a sideways movement is provided, which takes place, for example, in the direction of the Y-axis or a positioning axis 16, 25 of the machine tool 1.
This makes it possible that both the implementation of a slot stroke for free cutting of a material strip 58 and the subsequent separation of the cut-free material strip 58 without an additional movement of the workpiece 1 relative to the slot tool 31 takes place.
FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of a tool consisting of the punch 11 and the die 9. The punch 11 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. The die 9 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 6 in that, in addition, an ejector element 91 is provided. This ejector element 91 is provided between the front transverse cutting edge 42 and the coping edge 48. The ejector element 91 comprises an ejector plate 92, which preferably connects to the front transverse cutting edge 42 of the die 9. Opposite the ejector plate 92 is preferably flush with the coping edge 48. For positioning the ejector plate 92 in a support surface 52 of the die 9 is preferably at least one return element 93 is provided, which is resilient in the direction of the main body 45 of the die 9. For example, compression springs or rubber-elastic dampers may be provided.
This ejector 91 causes starting from the figure 9/5 for a subsequent final phase of the processing of the slot 50, the inclined in the direction of the opening Anscher flag is raised to a workpiece level or on the plane of the support surface 52, so that subsequently a hook-free rotation The die can be done by 180 °, as shown in Figure 10/1. With the arrangement of an ejector element 91 in the lower die, it can be kept at the same level during a rotation of the die by 180 °.

Claims

Method for multi-stroke progressive slitting of plate-shaped workpieces (10), in particular sheets, by means of a slotted tool (31) comprising a punch (11) and a die (9), between which the workpiece to be machined (10) is positioned each have two in the slot direction (33) extending longitudinal cutting edges (43, 41) and at the longitudinal ends of the longitudinal cutting edges (43, 41) between these transversely to the slot direction (33) extending transverse cutting edges (36, 37, 41, 42), wherein the longitudinal cutting edges (34) on the punch (11) in the slot direction (33) relative to the workpiece (10) rise and a front transverse cutting edge (36) of the punch (11) is higher than a rear transverse cutting edge (37) of the punch (11) and wherein During the process of the punch (11) and the die (9) relative to each other moves toward each other and the tool (31) and the workpiece (10) relative to each other in the feed direction (39) are moved and the punch (11) and the Matri ze (9) perform in their relative movement strokes in the form of Schlitzhüben and at least one Kapphub, wherein at the Schlitzhüben means of the punch (11) and the die (9) a strip of material (58) in the slot direction (33) located connection with the rest Workpiece (10) cut free and this connection with the Kapphub by means of the punch (11) and the die (9) is capped and wherein at a gate slit stroke in a gating phase, a gate at the edge of the workpiece or at a distance from the edge of the workpiece made and before the Kapphub after the gate slit stroke, at least one subsequent slot stroke is performed and the workpiece (10) is slotted over a slot length at the gate slit stroke and the at least one subsequent slot stroke exceeding the maximum slot length achievable at the capstan, and wherein the workpiece (10) and the slot tool (31) between the strokes of the punch (11) and the die (9) with little at least one feed movement relative to each other in the feed direction (39) are moved, characterized in that in a working phase, the slot tool (31) performs a slot stroke for free cutting of the material strip (58) and a Kapphub for separating the material strip (58), in which the punch (11) and / or the die (9) are controlled superimposed with a lifting movement along a lifting axis (14, 30) and a further movement along a movement axis deviating to the lifting movement.
A method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the working phase, the position of the workpiece (10) to the punch (11) or the die (9) is maintained.
The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the working phase, the slotted tool (31) is driven with a return stroke-free working stroke, in which by a Schlitzhub the material strip (58) cut free and a subsequent Kapphub the material strip (58) from the workpiece ( 10) is separated.
Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the working phase a working stroke is driven in a first stroke phase for the slot stroke with a uniaxial lifting movement, in which the punch (11) and the die (9) are moved towards each other and that after at least one second lifting phase is initiated during the free cutting of the material strip (58), in which the uniaxial lifting movement of the punch (11) or the die (9) is superimposed with a second direction of movement along a movement axis deviating from the lifting movement, through which a position axis (55) of the punch (11) and a position axis (53) of the die (9) to each other are changed.
A method according to claim 4, characterized in that a first stroke phase of the working stroke is terminated as soon as a front transverse cutting edge (36) of the punch (11) is transferred to a height of a front transverse cutting edge (42) of the die (9) or at a distance of the material thickness of the workpiece (10) to the die (9) is positioned.
A method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the movement of movement of the punch (11) and / or the die (9) is terminated in the second stroke phase of the working stroke, as soon as the front transverse cutting edge (36) of the punch (11) an internal and relative to the front transverse cutting edge (42) of the die (9) deeper lying Kappkante (48) in the die (9) opposite.
A method according to claim 4 to 6, characterized in that in a subsequent to the second stroke phase of the working stroke third stroke again a uniaxial lifting movement of the punch (11) and / or the die (9) driven and the cut material strip (58) from the workpiece (10) is separated at the Kappkante (48).
Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gating phase comprises a first working stroke in which a material strip (58) is cut free, wherein the lifting movement of the punch (11) is limited to the die (9), so that only a part of the Longitudinal cutting edge (34) of the punch (11) enters the opening (46) of the die (9).
A method according to claim 8, characterized in that connect to the first stroke of the gate phase, the lifting phases of a working stroke in the working phase.
Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the working phase, a final phase is controlled, wherein the slot tool (31) while maintaining the position of the workpiece (10) is rotated by 180 ° about the position axis (55) and subsequently a Endhub is performed, in which a portion of the strip of material (58) from the full material of the workpiece (10) is cut free.
Machine tool for multi-stroke advancing slitting of plate-shaped workpieces (10), in particular sheets, with a slot tool (31) and a feed device (22) by means of which the slot tool (31) and the workpiece (10) are movable relative to each other in the feed direction and the controlled by a control, wherein the slot tool (31) comprises a punch (11) and a die (9), between which the workpiece to be machined (10) is positioned, each of which has two slits (43, 33) extending in the slot direction (33). 41) and at the longitudinal ends of the longitudinal cutting edges (43, 41) between these transversely to the slot direction (33) extending transverse cutting edges (36, 37, 41, 42), wherein the longitudinal cutting edges (34) on the punch (11) in the slot direction ( 33) relative to the workpiece (10) rise and a front transverse cutting edge (36) of the punch (11) is higher than a rear transverse cutting edge (37) of the punch (11) and wherein the punch (11) and d The die (9) can be moved towards one another relative to one another by means of a lifting drive device (13, 27) controlled by a controller (15) and the tool (31) and the workpiece (10) can be moved relative to one another in the feed direction (39) and the punch ( 11) and the die (9) perform in their relative movement strokes in the form of Schlitzhüben and at least one Kapphub, wherein at the Schlitzhüben means of the punch (11) and the die (9) a strip of material (58) in the slot direction (33) located Connection with the rest of the workpiece (10) cut free and this connection in the Kapphub by means of the punch (11) and the die (9) is capped and wherein at a gate slit stroke in a gating phase, a gate on the workpiece edge or with distance from the workpiece edge produced and before the Kapphub after the gate slit stroke at least a subsequent Schlitzhub executable and the workpiece in the gate slit stroke and the at least one n subsequent slot stroke over a slot length is slidable, which exceeds the maximum achievable at the Kapphub slot length and wherein the workpiece (10) and the slot tool (31) between the strokes of the punch (11) and the die (9) with at least one feed movement relative in the feed direction (39) are movable, characterized in that the punch (11) and / or the die (9) at least on a lifting drive device (13, 27) are arranged and movable towards each other and that the at least one lifting drive device (13, 27) is movably provided on an upper and / or lower positioning axis (16, 25) held by the machine frame (2), which is provided perpendicular to the lifting axis (14) of the punch (11) and the die (9) and each positioning axis (16 , 25) independently of the other by the controller (15) is controllable, so that the punch (11) and / or the die (9) at least for a working stroke in a working phase are controllable.
Machine tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the slot tool (31) between the gate phase, the working phase and the final phase, and between the at least one working stroke in the working phase by an upper and lower drive assembly (16, 25) is movable.
Slitting tool for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, having a punch (11) and a die (9), wherein the punch (11) has two longitudinal cutters (34) extending in the slot direction (33) and at the longitudinal ends of the longitudinal cutters (33). 34) with between them transversely to the slot direction (33) extending transverse cutting edges (36, 37), wherein the longitudinal cutting edges (34) on the punch (11) towards the front transverse cutting edge (36) relative to the rear transverse cutting edge (37) rise and wherein the die (9) has two longitudinal cutting edges (41) running in the slot direction (33) and is provided at the longitudinal ends of the longitudinal cutting edges (41) with a front and rear cross cutting edge (42, 43) extending transversely to the slot direction (33) , and an opening (46) in an abutment surface (52) of the die (9) is longer than the longitudinal edge (34) of the punch (11) and adjacent to the opening (46) there is provided an inner coping edge (48) gege recessed over the front transverse cutting edge (42) of the die (9) and set back towards the rear transverse cutting edge (43) of the die (9), and the rear transverse cutting edge (37) and the coping edge (48) are the length of an opening (47 ) in the die (9), characterized in that the length of the longitudinal cutting edges (34) of the punch (11) corresponds to the length of the opening (47) in the die (9).
Slot train according to claim 13, characterized in that the punch (11) with its longitudinal cutting edges (41, 43) is integrally formed.