EP3512790A1 - Systeme de dosage et d'injection par gravite de poudres en phase dense - Google Patents
Systeme de dosage et d'injection par gravite de poudres en phase denseInfo
- Publication number
- EP3512790A1 EP3512790A1 EP17771711.3A EP17771711A EP3512790A1 EP 3512790 A1 EP3512790 A1 EP 3512790A1 EP 17771711 A EP17771711 A EP 17771711A EP 3512790 A1 EP3512790 A1 EP 3512790A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- cone
- injection
- flow rate
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
- B65G53/06—Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
- F23C2206/101—Entrained or fast fluidised bed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of powder supply systems, specifically dosing and injection of powders in dense phase, that is to say with little or no carrier gas.
- the invention relates more particularly to an application of food, pressurized containers or not, in powders of carbonaceous material charge, such as biomass, coal or any other type of powders such as a waste grind ...
- the Containers to be fed can advantageously be gasification reactors, or other thermochemical conversion systems.
- the mass flow rates of solid can be very variable, from a few kilograms up to several tons per hour in industrial conditions.
- the aim of the invention is to improve such powder supply systems, in particular by a fine, precise, stable and reproducible metering and a dense phase powder injection which retains the characteristics of the metering.
- the invention can be applied to any type of powders whose physical and mechanical properties (particle size, density, humidity, avalanche angle ).
- patent application WO2012 / 152742A1 discloses a rotary lock for metering a powder which feeds directly from the lock a kneader.
- These conventional dosing devices apply both to the field of pharmacy or chemistry, which require low flow rates, as for example described in patents US Pat. No. 4,850,259 and US Pat. No. 7,898,435 B2, than in the field of industrial handling of high powders. rates.
- patent US9227790B2 relates to a gasification plant for biomass or coal in which the powder is conveyed by a helical screw conveyor.
- pressurization airlock whose more or less important volume defines the fineness of the dosage.
- One advantage of locks and pressurizing airlocks is that they also have a sealing effect against possible pressure fluctuations upstream and downstream.
- a conveying with gas also referred to as "aerated injection”
- a conveying with gas also referred to as "aerated injection”
- Aerated injection has the advantage of not generating additional space.
- it generates highly diluted phase flow, which may not be compatible with many downstream processes.
- thermochemical conversion plant in which the gas does not participate in the reaction and thereby decreases the efficiency.
- This can be particularly penalizing at high pressure, because of the increased density of the gas, which increases the ratios between the mass flow rate of the gas and the mass flow rate. solid.
- implementing a convection gas by diluting the powder particles in a biomass gasification plant would require using a portion of the energy of the gasification reaction to heat the initially cold gas, which would have the effect of undesirable to decrease the overall yield of the reaction.
- these funnels usually called injection cones, do not have the function of dosing the granular material and provide just a discharge by gravity.
- the value of the flow rate is not adjustable.
- the flow rate must be in accordance with the setpoint, within the limit of course measurement accuracy flowmeters;
- the object of the invention is to meet at least part of these needs.
- the invention relates, in one of its aspects, to a dense phase powder supply system comprising:
- a dosing device adapted to dose the powder at a given average flow rate; a device for injecting the powder by gravity, in the form of a truncated cone, arranged below the metering device so as to receive by gravity the powder dosed at the given average flow rate, the opening angle and the type of material constituting the wall of the injection cone being predetermined from the mechanical properties of the powder, while the diameter of the exit orifice of the truncated cone of injection is predetermined from the so-called correlation of Rose & Tanaka, according to the following equation:
- dp average diameter of the particles.
- the dosage can be discontinuous can be achieved by a dosing device selected from a screw, a rotary lock or a lock hopper.
- the values of the constant k P are of the order of 1 to 2.6 depending on the material and more precisely of the order of 1 for wood.
- the constant k takes into account the angle that the cone makes with respect to the vertical.
- the coefficient a less than 1, has been determined experimentally for different powders and from several injectors of different diameters. For each powder, the link between the delivered powder flow rate and the injector diameter is made. The values of a extend over the range [0.85-0.99] and more preferentially on the beach
- the value a 0.86 was determined for a beech powder with a particle size of approximately 200 ⁇ . This value less than 1 shows that the correlation of Rose and Tanaka slightly overestimates the flow.
- the feed system comprises a hollow tube for discharging the powder to be injected at the outlet of the injector.
- this tube is the junction between the injector and the receptacle.
- This discharge tube which can be of variable length and geometry, advantageously allows the powder to be conveyed downstream of the injector over more or less important distances.
- the length of the discharge tube and its geometry can control the pressure drop in order to ensure the sealing of the injection system vis-à-vis pressure fluctuations to the downstream and therefore to guarantee the stability of the powder flow.
- the supply system comprises a solid tube arranged coaxially inside the injection cone so as to delimit with the outlet orifice an injection ring whose external diameter corresponds to to that obtained for the diameter D.
- this solid tube thus an annular injection.
- the thermal energy can be provided by oxycombustion.
- the supply system comprises a vibration device rigidly connected to the injection cone. This vibration device and coupled to the injector can help the flow of very cohesive powders.
- thermochemical conversion plant comprising a gasification reactor arranged downstream of the system described above.
- the plant is particularly intended to convert biomass powder, the reactor being a driven flow type reactor.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing such a system, comprising the following steps:
- a powder is selected whose mechanical properties are measured
- the average flow rate of the powder to be injected into a container downstream of the cone is determined, the angle of opening of the injection cone is determined by calculation from the knowledge of the mechanical properties of the powder and the roughness of the wall of the cone, as well as the exit diameter from the equation equ 1].
- system according to the invention operates as follows:
- a metering device that can be conventional, such as for example a screw or a rotary lock, gives the target average flow rate (coarse dosing, in packets);
- the powder dosed in packets then falls by gravity into the injection cone to the parameters determined beforehand as a function of the geometry of the cone, the nature of the powder and the wall (nature of the material constituting the wall of the cone, angle of cone opening and diameter of the cone outlet).
- the opening angle of the cone is defined according to the mechanical properties of the powder and the nature of the material constituting the wall of the cone. This takes into account the flowability of the powder, including for highly cohesive powders.
- the diameter of the outlet orifice of the cone is optimized to ensure the temporal smoothing of the solid flow and thus creation of a continuous flow at the injector outlet. This diameter must be small enough to eliminate the injection discontinuities and large enough not to limit the flow and thus reach the target value of flow.
- the invention essentially consists of judiciously coupling a discontinuous flow rate measurement with an injection device whose geometric properties are calculated from experimental knowledge of a given powder and the use of its constituent material.
- This combination will allow, for a given powder, in particular cohesive powder, to have an injection, without mechanical aid or by addition of gas creating a dilute phase, with flow smoothing which is thus continuous, stable even for very short periods of time , and reproducible.
- the invention can be reproduced at will for any installation in which it is necessary to supply a container, regardless of the value of the flow rate and at low or high pressure.
- the invention is particularly advantageous to implement in a thermo-chemical conversion plant in a driven flow reactor (RFE). Indeed, the safety rules in this type of installation require to guarantee a very high stability of the injected powder flow.
- FIG. 1 is a curve illustrating the flow discontinuity of a powder in dense phase, introduced by a metering device constituted by a rotating sluice according to the state of the art;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a dense phase powder supply system according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a curve illustrating the temporal evolution of the mass of a wood powder, measured by a weighing system at the outlet of a feed system according to the invention
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are photographic reproductions respectively of the top and the bottom of an injection cone according to the invention, according to a variant making it possible to inject powder into an annular shaped conduit, which is useful for certain applications. .
- the dense phase powder feed system 1 shown in FIG. 2 firstly comprises a conventional dosing device 2. It may be a helical screw, a rotary lock or a pressurization lock.
- a feed hopper 20 may be implanted at the inlet of the metering device.
- an injector 3 in the form of a truncated cone smoothing and injection.
- the arrangement is such that the powder dosed at the outlet of the metering device 2 falls by gravity directly into the cone 3.
- the geometrical parameters that are the opening angle and the exit diameter of the injection cone have been predetermined by calculations from the experimental knowledge of the characteristics of the given powder.
- the nature of the constituent material of the injection cone 3 was also chosen beforehand and participated in the definition of the value of the opening angle.
- the exit diameter was calculated from the modified Rose and Tanaka correlation by the addition of a multiplicative coefficient experimentally determined by the inventors for several powders.
- the height of the cone does not intervene. It can be chosen independently of the nature of the powder, provided of course to respect the known rules of the art, namely that the value of the height must be sufficient to allow the filling of the cone to a height equivalent to a few diameters Release.
- the powder is tested using an experimental shear cell, which quantifies its flowability.
- a normal stress is applied to a powder column and the tangential stress (or shear stress) required to move the powder in a horizontal plane is measured.
- These tests give access to the powder-powder friction angle (friction of the upper part of the cell on the lower part) and to the flow function of the powder, which characterizes its ability to flow.
- Tests performed according to the same protocol but replacing the bottom wall of the powder column with a plate made of the material provided for the injection cone, used to measure the powder-wall friction angle.
- a half angle of opening of the cone with respect to the vertical is determined here.
- the diameter of the outlet of the cone must be small enough to eliminate upstream dosing discontinuities but large enough not to limit the flow.
- kp constant which depends on the shape of the powder particles
- D diameter of the exit orifice of the cone
- dp average diameter of the particles.
- the values of the constant k P are of the order of 1 to 2.6 depending on the material and more precisely of the order of 1 for wood.
- the constant takes into account the angle of the cone relative to the vertical.
- the coefficient a less than 1, has been determined experimentally for different powders and from several injectors of different diameters. For each powder, the link between the delivered powder flow rate and the injector diameter is made. The values of a extend over the range [0.85-0.99] and more preferably over the range [0.86-0.90].
- This installation comprises a feed hopper leading to a metering screw 2 sold under the name GAC 207 by the company GERICKE, which is driven by a motor coupled to a frequency converter.
- This screw 2 discharges by gravity the powder into the standard type 304 stainless steel test cone 3 to be tested, with a 10 ° cone half-angle and an outlet orifice diameter equal to 12 mm.
- the roughness standard of 304 stainless steel is 0.015 mm.
- a discharge tube of circular section and length equal to 200 mm was added downstream of the injector cone 3.
- This discharge tube allows in real operating conditions to convey the powder while maintaining the passage section of outlet of the injector 3, to the container in which the powder must be poured.
- This tube can also act as a buffer against the pressure fluctuations downstream of the injection.
- the experimental validation of the device was made by weighing the mass of powder at the outlet of the injector over time and determining the mass flow rate.
- the weighing is carried out by a set of three load cells or weighing sensors sold under the name F60X100 under the trademark SCAIME. Calibration of these load cells led to an uncertainty of 0.005% of the measurement. Their resolution is given by the manufacturer at 27 grams. Tests in the laboratory showed an effective resolution of about 45 grams.
- the powder harvested at the injector outlet 3 is weighed over time.
- Figure 3 shows the curve of the mass of powder harvested as a function of time. As visible, this curve is a perfect line. The perfect linearity of mass evolution as a function of time reflects flow stability.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B show an advantageous alternative embodiment of the injection cone 3.
- a solid tube 5 is shown arranged coaxially inside the injection cone 3.
- the burner is preferably supplied with oxygen at its center and thus the injection of wood powder ring around does not interfere with the operation of the burner .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1658563A FR3055889A1 (fr) | 2016-09-14 | 2016-09-14 | Systeme de dosage et d'injection par gravite de poudres en phase dense |
PCT/EP2017/072970 WO2018050668A1 (fr) | 2016-09-14 | 2017-09-13 | Systeme de dosage et d'injection par gravite de poudres en phase dense |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3512790A1 true EP3512790A1 (fr) | 2019-07-24 |
Family
ID=57583232
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17771711.3A Withdrawn EP3512790A1 (fr) | 2016-09-14 | 2017-09-13 | Systeme de dosage et d'injection par gravite de poudres en phase dense |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3512790A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3055889A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018050668A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020165165A1 (fr) | 2019-02-11 | 2020-08-20 | Gea Process Engineering Nv | Dispositif de distribution d'une matière en poudre |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58131223U (ja) * | 1982-02-27 | 1983-09-05 | 関野工業株式会社 | 粉粒体の空気輸送装置 |
DE3220771A1 (de) * | 1982-06-02 | 1983-12-08 | Institut metallurgii imeni A.A. Bajkova Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskva | Dosierapparat fuer schuettgut |
GB2195983B (en) | 1986-10-03 | 1990-01-10 | Eley Ltd | Powder dosing apparatus |
CN2312918Y (zh) * | 1997-12-30 | 1999-04-07 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | 抗压稳流加料器 |
FR2824315B1 (fr) | 2001-05-07 | 2003-09-05 | Flexilab | Dispositif doseur de poudres |
US8950570B2 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2015-02-10 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Passive solids supply system and method for supplying solids |
DE102011014349A1 (de) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-20 | Ecoloop Gmbh | Wanderbettreaktor |
US20140064015A1 (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2014-03-06 | Teijin Aramid B.V. | Method for dosing a powder into a kneader |
EP2666846A1 (fr) | 2012-05-24 | 2013-11-27 | Grupo Guascor S.L. | Système d'alimentation en biomasse |
-
2016
- 2016-09-14 FR FR1658563A patent/FR3055889A1/fr active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-09-13 EP EP17771711.3A patent/EP3512790A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-09-13 WO PCT/EP2017/072970 patent/WO2018050668A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3055889A1 (fr) | 2018-03-16 |
WO2018050668A1 (fr) | 2018-03-22 |
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