EP3511507B1 - Compound glass panel and method for producing same - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a multiple pane of glass and a method for producing a multiple pane of glass, as well as a device for attaching an edge bond of a multiple pane of glass.

Multiple panes of glass with at least two panes of glass which are held at a distance from one another in an insulating glass unit are known. Insulating glass units are usually made from an inorganic or organic glass or from other materials such as plexiglass.

Various designs are used for multiple panes of glass that are designed to provide good thermal insulation. According to one embodiment, the space between the panes is preferably filled with inert insulating gas such as argon, krypton, xenon, etc. This filling gas must not escape from the space between the panes. In addition, nitrogen, oxygen, water, etc. contained in the ambient air should not get into the space between the panes. As a result, the space between the panes must be sealed, and if possible diffusion should also be prevented.

Multiple panes of glass therefore generally consist of at least two panes of glass which are tightly connected to one another with the interposition of a spacer, for example a metallic spacer profile. The spacer profile is glued to the panes, for example, with the aid of polyisobutylene, which serves as the primary seal. In addition, the edge joint is filled with a secondary seal, for example polysulphide. The polysulphide acts as a resilient adhesive and gas diffusion-tight secondary seal for a conventional gas filling.

The tightness of the edge seal of a multiple pane of glass has a major influence on the quality and service life of the insulating glazing. The heat transfer of the edge seal, that is to say of the spacer and the seals, also plays a major role in achieving low heat conduction from multiple glass panes.

Since metal spacers generally have relatively good thermal conductivity, thermoplastic spacers, so-called TPS spacers, can also be used as an alternative, in particular foamed inorganic spacers. However, these usually have to be provided with a vapor barrier layer. The more components an edge seal comprises, the more complex the assembly and the higher the manufacturing costs.

From the DE10300389A1 it is known to introduce an insulating element into the corner connection of two insulating glass connections abutting one another at an angle. A polyurethane foam can be used, the starting materials reacting in the cavity to form a foam.

JPH0828149 discloses a fireproof edge seal in which the secondary seal contains a foaming agent, so that the secondary seal foams and expands under the action of heat and supports or compensates for a primary seal that leaks under the action of heat.

The WO0029702A1 shows a double pane of glass with a spacer and a secondary seal made of foamed plastic material.

From the US4831799 A a multiple pane of glass with two panes of glass and an edge seal is known. The edge seal comprises an outer seal and a foamed spacer.

The US2005 / 167028 A1 discloses a multiple pane of glass with two panes of glass and an edge bond with a secondary seal and a foamed spacer.

The object is to provide a multiple pane of glass and a method for producing a multiple pane of glass with which the disadvantages of the prior art are avoided, which in particular have a dense and insulating edge seal, which can also be produced as easily and inexpensively as possible and in particular a allows easy handling during assembly of the multiple pane of glass.

The object is achieved by a multiple pane of glass with at least two panes of glass, preferably made of float glass, and an edge bond. The edge bond comprises at least one spacer, which is arranged between two glass panes, and at least one secondary seal, which is arranged on the side of the spacer facing the edge of the glass panes. According to the invention, the secondary seal comprises foamed plastic material. The secondary seal is preferably made of foamed plastic material.

In order to apply a secondary seal in a given edge joint with a certain distance between the two panes of glass and a distance between the spacer and the edge of the glass panes, a given volume has to be filled and thus a certain amount of material is necessary. In the case of foamed material that has pores, far less basic material is required. This leads to enormous savings. Is preferred the secondary sealant is foamed in such a way that only 20-90%, preferably 40-60%, more preferably about half of the total claimed volume is filled with the base material of the sealant. Compared to a non-foamed material, in which the base material fills the entire claimed volume, for example the entire edge joint, a material saving of 30-60% is obtained.

At the same time, the pores and the gas inclusions they contain lead to a reduction in thermal conductivity and thus to an improvement in insulation. The coefficient of thermal conductivity is preferably roughly halved compared to a non-foamed material.

The secondary seal preferably has a depth of at least 2 mm, more preferably of at least 3 mm. The depth indicates the extent of the secondary seal between the spacer and the edge of the glass pane. The thickness is determined by the distance between the glass panes and the length from the circumference of the glass panes.

The foamed secondary seal can be made available as a barrel product for installation. Barrels can be injected into the edge joint.

The space which the glass panes and the spacer define on the side of the spacer facing the edge of the glass panes and which forms the edge joint is preferably filled with the secondary seal. The optimal filling is best achieved with an injection.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the edge seal comprises at least two primary seals. The primary seals are each arranged between the spacer and a pane of glass. A plastic sealant based on polyisobutylene (butyl) can be used for the primary seal.

The secondary seal of the multiple glass pane according to the invention preferably comprises a material based on polysulfide, polyurethane and / or silicone. Such materials can be physically expanded by introducing nitrogen or carbon dioxide, for example, and have long-lasting stability after a short time. The crosslinking can be optimized by adding calcium carbonate or plasticizers.

The basic material of the secondary seal can be a two-component sealant such as polysulfide, silicone or polyurethane. A one-component hot-melt material can also be used.

The spacer is designed as a thermoplastic spacer, namely as a foamed thermoplastic spacer.

The spacer can have a cavity in which the desiccant is arranged.

The desiccant can also be integrated in the base material for a thermoplastic spacer.

The spacer can simultaneously assume the function of a primary seal and / or a gas / water vapor barrier.
The multiple pane of glass according to the invention, in particular as described above, has at least two panes of glass and an edge bond. The edge seal comprises at least one spacer, which is arranged between two panes of glass, and at least one secondary seal, which is arranged on the side of the spacer facing the edge of the panes of glass. The spacer is designed as a foamed organic thermoplastic spacer.

A one-component sealant based on polyisobutylene, which is foamed with nitrogen or carbon dioxide, is used as the base material for producing an organic thermoplastic spacer. No primary seal is required for the organic thermoplastic spacer because the material bonds well to the glass surface.

Far less basic material is required for a foamed spacer than for an unfoamed spacer. This leads to enormous savings. The spacer is preferably foamed in such a way that only 20-90%, preferably 40-60%, of the total claimed volume is filled with the base material. Compared to a non-foamed spacer, in which the base material fills the entire claimed volume, a material saving of 30-70% is obtained.

At the same time, the pores and the gas inclusions they contain lead to a reduction in thermal conductivity and thus to an improvement in insulation. The coefficient of thermal conductivity is preferably roughly halved compared to a non-foamed material.

While the Shore hardness of an unfoamed organic thermoplastic spacer is about 55-60 Shore A, the hardness of the material for the foamed material is preferably increased by about 5 to 10%. This is done by adding plasticizers and / or calcium carbonate.

It is essential to ensure that there are no interactions between the sealing materials used. Sealing materials can give off decomposition products such as ethanol, methanol or alcohols over a longer period of time. In addition, plasticizers can migrate. This can cause interactions and consequently the tightness of an edge seal and thus the function of insulating glass units. There is also an increased risk of "garland formation", which can be seen due to interactions caused by the migration of the primary seal into the space between the panes. The materials are preferably to be coordinated with one another in such a way that only materials that are compatible with one another are used, and / or the materials are to be separated from one another.

In an advantageous embodiment of the multiple pane of glass, a vapor barrier layer, in particular a vapor barrier film, is arranged between the spacer and the secondary sealant. The vapor barrier layer can in particular be arranged between the primary seal and the secondary seal.

The vapor barrier layer preferably contains aluminum, PET and / or SiOx. A coated film made of PET or a modified plastic is preferably used.

The object is also achieved by a method for producing a multiple pane of glass, as described above, with at least two panes of glass and an edge bond. The procedure consists of the following steps. First, a spacer is attached. In addition, on the side of the spacer facing the edge of the glass panes, a secondary seal is attached which contains or preferably consists of foamed plastic material.

The secondary seal is preferably foamed. In particular, the space which the glass panes and the spacer define on the side of the spacer facing the edge of the glass panes and which forms the edge joint is filled.

A device with an injector is advantageously used for foaming, by means of which, for example, a material mixed with gas is applied into the edge joint.

The foaming is preferably carried out physically with nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

The amount of gas introduced can be adjusted. For example, the feed rate can be adapted to the processing speed and / or to the outflow speed of the base material, so that a desired ratio of volume proportions of base material and gas pores is present in the foamed secondary seal.

The spacer can be attached directly to a pane of glass. In addition, a primary seal is preferably attached, which is arranged between the spacer and the glass pane. The primary seal acts as a gas and water vapor barrier.

The object is also achieved by a method, as described above, for producing a multiple pane of glass, as described above, with at least two glass panes and an edge bond; the method includes the step of attaching a spacer made of foamed organic thermoplastic material. The basic material of the spacer, the organic thermoplastic material, can be foamed _{with N 2} or CO _2. The base material mixed with gas is preferred applied directly between the panes of glass.

In an advantageous development of the method, an additional vapor barrier layer is applied, which is arranged between the spacer and the secondary seal and / or between the primary seal and the secondary seal. In particular, a film is rolled out onto the spacer. The vapor barrier film can be a PET film that is metallic or coated _{with SiO x on both sides.} In particular, this improves the adhesion of the vapor barrier layer to a TPS spacer and the secondary seal. At the same time, the gas diffusion is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, at least the spacer and the secondary seal are attached at the same time. In particular, the spacer and the secondary seal, and in particular the vapor barrier layer, can be applied in one work step.

Application heads can be moved in parallel around the glass pane, which successively deposit the respective components of the edge seal. Alternatively, the respective materials can be co-extruded from an injection device.

The object is also achieved by a device according to claim 12 for attaching an edge bond of a multiple pane of glass with at least two panes of glass. The device comprises at least one injector with a gas supply and with a nozzle for application into a gap between two panes of glass. In the nozzle or immediately in front of the nozzle, the gas and the sealing material are mixed, so that a foamed material is created.

The mixing with the gas preferably takes place in a homogenizing device which is arranged upstream of the nozzle and which ensures that the gas is evenly distributed in the base material.

The injector can be used to apply material to form a secondary seal or to form a spacer.

The mass released by the nozzle is preferably deposited with a specific profile that can be selected and / or adjusted. For this purpose, the nozzle has, for example, a discharge opening with a selectable and / or adjustable profile.

The injector can be a one-component injector or, in particular, it can comprise a two-component mixer.

The device also includes, in particular, a pulling device with which the secondary seal is pulled off so that it ends flush with the outer edge of at least one glass pane.

In particular, the device also includes a metering control, via which the delivery rate of the base material and / or the quantitative ratio of gas and base material can be set.

The device also includes a further second injector with which, for example, a spacer can be foamed at the same time. This injector also preferably has a nozzle which has a discharge opening with a selectable and / or adjustable profile.

The device thus comprises two injectors, a first injector with a first gas supply for applying a secondary seal made of foamed plastic and a second injector with a second gas supply for applying a foamed organic thermoplastic spacer.

The device can have a film application device so that the secondary seal and vapor barrier layer or secondary seal, vapor barrier layer and spacer can be applied in one work step.

Fig. 1:

eine schematische Darstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemässen ersten Beispiels für eine Mehrfachglasscheibe mit einem Randverbund in einer Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 2:

eine schematische Darstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemässen zweiten Beispiels für eine Mehrfachglasscheibe mit einem Randverbund;

Fig. 3:

eine schematische Darstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemässen dritten Beispiels für eine Mehrfachglasscheibe mit einem Randverbund;

Fig. 4:

eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemässen dritten Beispiels für eine Mehrfachglasscheibe mit einem Randverbund;

Fig. 5:

eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Erstellen eines Randverbunds.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of examples shown in figures. Different versions of components with the same function are each provided with the same reference symbols. Show it

Fig. 1:

a schematic representation of a first example, not according to the invention, of a multiple pane of glass with an edge bond in a sectional representation;

Fig. 2:

a schematic representation of a second example not according to the invention for a multiple glass pane with an edge bond;

Fig. 3:

a schematic representation of a third example not according to the invention for a multiple glass pane with an edge bond;

Fig. 4:

a schematic representation of a third example according to the invention for a multiple pane of glass with an edge bond;

Fig. 5:

a schematic representation of a device for creating an edge seal.

Figure 1 shows a multiple pane of glass 1 not according to the invention with two panes of glass 2 and an edge bond 3.

The edge composite 3 comprises a spacer 4, which is arranged between the two glass panes 2, and a secondary seal 5, which is arranged on the side 7 of the spacer 4 facing the edge 6 of the glass panes 2. The secondary seal 5 consists of foamed plastic material.

The space that the glass panes 2 and the spacer 4 define on the side 7 of the spacer 4 facing the edge 6 of the glass panes 2 is filled with the secondary seal.

The edge seal 3 comprises two butyl-based primary seals 8, which are each arranged between the spacer 4 and a glass pane 2.

The spacer 4 can be designed as a hollow profile in which a desiccant 9 is arranged.

Figure 2 shows a second example of a multiple glass pane 1 not according to the invention with two glass panes 2 and an edge seal 3. The spacer 4 is designed as a plastic spacer to which a vapor barrier layer 10 is applied, which is arranged between the spacer 4 and the secondary seal 5.

Figure 3 shows a third example of a multiple glass pane 1 not according to the invention with two glass panes 2 and an edge bond 3. The spacer 4 is designed as an unfoamed thermoplastic spacer. A vapor barrier layer and a primary seal are not necessary.

Figure 4 shows a fourth example of a multiple glass pane 1 with two glass panes 2 and an edge bond 3. The spacer 4 is a foamed organic TPS spacer. Because of The porosity of the spacer 4 is provided with a vapor barrier layer 10, which is arranged between the spacer 4 and the foamed secondary seal 5. Since the organic TPS base material bonds well with the glass surface, a primary seal is not necessary.

To produce a thermoplastic spacer 4, a solvent-free, permanently plastic one-component sealant based on polyisobutylene can be used (for example "TS-970" from H.B. Fuller). The spacer 4 can take over the function of a conventional primary seal and a desiccant in one product. Alternatively, a thermoplastic, solvent-free, one-component sealant based on polyisobutylene with an integrated desiccant can be used (for example "Butylver TPS" from Fenzi).

A two-component polyurethane (for example "Poliver" from Fenzi), a two-component polysulfide (for example "Thiover" from Fenzi) or a silicone sealant (for example "Sikasil® IG-25" from Sika) can be used.

The basic material of the two-component sealant polysulphide has a thermal conductivity of 0.41 W / mK, polyurethane of 0.40 W / mK. The thermal conductivity of a foamed secondary seal made of a suitable material can be reduced to 0.20W / mK. The secondary seal thus has a thermal conductivity that is below the other components typically used, for example 0.79W / mK for float glass, 0.41W / mK for isobutylene.

Spacers 4 have thermal conductivities in the range of 1.35W / mK for aluminum, 0.37W / mK for stainless steel and 0.27W / mK for a thermoplastic spacer.

A film with the following layer structure can be used as a vapor barrier layer: SiOx - polyethylene terephthalate (23pm) - adhesive (2-4 µm) - SiOx - ethylene vinyl alcohol - oriented polypropylene (18 µm).

Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a device 11 for creating an edge bond.

The device 11 comprises a first injector 12 with a gas supply 13 for applying a secondary seal made of foamed plastic. The first injector 12 can comprise a two-component mixer 14, which is fed from two reservoirs 15, 16 and provides a base material for a secondary seal. A gas metering device 17 is used to mix nitrogen or carbon dioxide with this base material. The mixing is preferably carried out in a homogenizing device 18. The foamed sealing material can be applied to an edge joint via a nozzle 19.

The device 11 also includes a second injector 20 for applying a spacer. The second injector 20 is also equipped with a gas supply 21 in order to be able to apply a foamed organic thermoplastic spacer.
The second injector 20 can comprise a homogenizing device 22 which is fed from a reservoir 23 with organic thermoplastic base material. A gas metering device 24 mixes nitrogen or carbon dioxide with this base material.

The foamed TPS material can be applied as a spacer between two panes of glass via a nozzle 25.

For application, the TPS material is preferably heated to over 100.degree. C., preferably over 120.degree.

The device can also have a film dispensing device (not shown).

The edge bond can thus be produced in one work step, as it were, in that the spacer is applied one after the other, after it has cooled and hardened, the barrier layer and the secondary seal are applied to it.

Claims (12)

1. Multiple glass pane (1) having at least two glass panes (2) and an edge seal (3), comprising at least one spacer (4) which is arranged between two glass panes (2), the spacer (4) being designed as a foamed organic thermoplastic spacer (4), and at least one secondary seal (5), which is arranged on the side (7) of the spacer (4) facing the edge (6) of the glass panes (2), characterized in that the secondary seal (5) comprises or preferably consists of foamed plastic material and a one-component sealant based on polyisobutylene, which is foamed with nitrogen or carbon dioxide, is used as the basic material for producing the spacer.
2. Multiple glass pane according to claim 1, wherein the space defined by the glass panes (2) and the spacer (4) on the side (7) of the spacer (4) facing the edge (6) of the glass panes (2) is filled with the secondary seal (5).
3. Multiple glass pane according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary seal (5) comprises a material based on polysulfide, polyurethane and/or silicone.
4. Multiple glass pane according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a vapor barrier layer (10), in particular a vapor barrier film, is arranged between spacer (4) and secondary seal (5), further in particular between primary seal (8) and secondary seal (5), in particular containing aluminum, PET and/or SiOx.
5. Method of manufacturing a multiple glass pane (1), according to one of the preceding claims, having at least two glass panes (2) and an edge composite (3), comprising the steps: Applying a spacer (4) of foamed organic thermoplastic material based on polyisobutylene, applying a secondary seal (5) containing or preferably consisting of foamed plastic material on the side (7) of the spacer (4) facing the edge (6) of the glass panes (2).
6. Method according to claim 5, wherein the secondary seal (5) is foamed, and in particular the space defined by the glass panes (2) and the spacer (4) on the side (7) of the spacer (4) facing the edge (6) of the glass panes (2) is filled.
7. Method according to claim 6, wherein the foaming is carried out with N2 or CO2.
8. Method according to claim 5-7, wherein a primary seal (8) is applied.
9. Method according to any one of claims 5-8, comprising the step of: applying a spacer (4), wherein foaming is performed with N2 or CO2.
10. Method according to one of claims 5-9, wherein a vapor barrier layer (10) is applied, in particular a film, further in particular a PET film coated on both sides metallically or with SiOx, is rolled out onto the spacer (4).
11. Method according to one of the claims 5-10, wherein at least spacer (4) and secondary seal (5) are applied simultaneously, in particular the application of spacer (4), vapor barrier layer (10) and secondary seal (5) is carried out in one working step.
12. Device for applying an edge composite (3) of a multiple glass pane (1) comprising at least two glass panes (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the device comprises two injectors (12, 20), a first injector (12) with a first gas supply (13) for applying a secondary seal (5) of foamed plastic and a second injector (20) with a second gas supply (21) for applying a foamed organic thermoplastic spacer based on polyisobutylene.

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