EP3507392A1 - Élément de glissement muni d'un revêtement de phases max - Google Patents

Élément de glissement muni d'un revêtement de phases max

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Publication number
EP3507392A1
EP3507392A1 EP17758530.4A EP17758530A EP3507392A1 EP 3507392 A1 EP3507392 A1 EP 3507392A1 EP 17758530 A EP17758530 A EP 17758530A EP 3507392 A1 EP3507392 A1 EP 3507392A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding element
coating
doing
proportion
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17758530.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Bastuck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Burscheid GmbH
Original Assignee
Federal Mogul Burscheid GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Federal Mogul Burscheid GmbH filed Critical Federal Mogul Burscheid GmbH
Publication of EP3507392A1 publication Critical patent/EP3507392A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C14/024—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating
    • C23C14/025—Metallic sublayers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C14/024—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0635—Carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0641—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34—Sputtering
    • C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
    • C23C14/351—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering using a magnetic field in close vicinity to the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/58—After-treatment
    • C23C14/5873—Removal of material
    • C23C14/588—Removal of material by mechanical treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/347—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with layers adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sliding element with a MAX phase coating.
  • An inventive sliding element is characterized by advantageous tribological properties.
  • Coatings used with high wear resistance are state of the art and are already being used extensively in industrial applications. Depending on the layer system, the metallic, ceramic or DLC properties are pronounced. At the same time, the strength of the individual coating systems also limits the adjustable and thus usable relevant properties for a desired wide characteristic field in a tribological load collective such as an internal combustion engine. In the case of desired low coefficients of friction, particular preference is given to carbon-containing metal coating systems or DLC
  • DLC coatings cover most of the required properties, such as low friction, high wear resistance and maximum wear resistance in case of insufficient lubrication. But they also show your limitations, such as oxidation resistance at high temperatures, mechanical Machinability compared to metals or lack of synergy with additives used in motor oils.
  • M is a transition metal
  • A is an A group element
  • X is nitrogen and / or carbon
  • the hexagonal structure of the MAX phases consists of octahedra interleaved with A group element layers, and the transition metals include Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, and Ta, the A group elements AI, Si, P , S, Ga, Ge, As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl and Pb.
  • the crystal lattices of the Max phases are formed in the unit cells (211), (312) & (413). Possible MAX phases are:
  • Unit cell type 211
  • the MX bonds are of a strong covalent nature, the M (n + D AX (n) phases typically exhibit ceramic properties. On the other hand, the MA bonds are relatively weak, so M (ri + D AX (n) phases also exhibit metallic properties.) Under pressure, the material deforms by kinking resulting in high ductility and machinability (see also F. Adibi et al. J. Appl. Phys. 69 (1991) 6437 and Barsoum, Michel W., and Tamer El-Raghy. "The MAX Phases: Unique New Carbide and Nitride Materials Ternary ceramics turn out to be surprisingly soft and machinable, yet heat- tolerant, strong and lightweight. "Am. Scientist 89.4 (2001): 334-343 and MW Barsoum et al., Phys. Rev. B 62 (2000) 10194).
  • EP 1 685 626 B1 describes an element for making electrical contact with a contact element in order to allow an electric current to flow between the element and the contact element.
  • EP 2 740 819 A1 discloses a layer system for a compressor blade which has an aluminum-rich MAX phase as coating or in which the coating consists of an aluminum-rich MAX phase.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a sliding element, preferably a piston ring, a method for producing the same and the use of the sliding element in a tribological system available, wherein the sliding member has a long life, favorable tribological properties and good processability.
  • the solution of this object is achieved by the sliding element described in claim 1, the method for producing the sliding element according to claim 10 and the use of the sliding element according to claim 13.
  • the inventors have been able to show that the coating of the sliding element according to claim 1, in particular the MAX phase layer, represents a combination, advantageous for tribological applications, of typical property profiles of conventional layer systems.
  • the MAX phase layer ceramic can be used synergistically by the atomic bond structure of the so-called MAX phase layer ceramic as well as metallic properties and the limitations of the respective layer systems are overcome. Further, because it contains carbon or nitrogen by definition, the MAX phase layer can achieve low coefficients of friction and good runflat lubrication properties.
  • the ceramic properties of the MAX phase layer are ensured by the ceramic properties of the MAX phase layer.
  • the good thermal conductivity and resistance to thermal shock loads can be attributed to the metallic properties of the MAX phase layer.
  • the resulting coating is also very easy to machine and has an exceptionally high tolerance to tribological stress.
  • the inventors have further surprisingly found that the use of an adhesive layer significantly increases the life of the overall coating.
  • the adhesive layer fulfills the functional purpose of ensuring adhesion between the sliding element substrate and the coating. In particular, the adhesive layer resembles possible stresses caused by different ones
  • the adhesive layer preferably contains chromium, chromium nitride, titanium and / or tungsten. Particularly preferably, the adhesive layer consists of the materials mentioned. It has been found that such material selection significantly improves the adhesion of the coating.
  • the layer thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.1-3.0 ym. With lower layer thicknesses, the improvement in adhesion can not be ensured, whereas higher layer thicknesses are undesirable for reasons of process economy.
  • the coating is intended to apply the coating to a sliding element substrate, wherein the Sliding element substrate made of cast iron or steel.
  • the following materials are particularly preferred: unalloyed, unfired cast iron with lamellar graphite, alloyed gray cast iron with carbides (heat-treated or not heat-treated), tempered nodular cast iron, unground vermicular graphite cast iron, cast steel with at least 10% by weight chromium (nitrided or non-nitrided), chromium Steel containing at least 10% by weight of chromium (nitrided or non-nitrided) and chromium-silicon carbon steel.
  • the materials mentioned are particularly suitable for ensuring the strength of the sliding element.
  • the coating preferably has an average roughness depth of R z ⁇ 7ym, preferably R z ⁇ 4ym, a reduced peak height of R P k ⁇ 0.4ym, preferably R P k ⁇ 0.2ym and / or a kernel roughness of R k ⁇ lym, preferably R ⁇ ⁇ 0.6ym.
  • Such a coating improves the frictional properties of the
  • the MAX phase layers of said chemical compositions have good suitability for tribological applications, and are characterized by good availability of the chemical constituents.
  • the MAX phase layers of the following types of layers are particularly preferably used:
  • AI 24 - 26 cLt. % Share N: 24 - 26 cLt ⁇ % Ti 3 SiC 2 : type 312; Proportion of Ti: 48-52 at.%; Proportion of Si: 16-18 at.%; Share C: 32-34 at.%.
  • the above-mentioned coating types have shown particularly favorable lifetimes in combination with excellent tribological properties in test series.
  • the coating has a hardness of 2-6 GPa.
  • said hardness range ensures a minimum wear protection of the sliding element, but on the other hand it prevents unnecessarily severe abrasive damage to the friction partner.
  • the coating also has an E-modulus of 150-350 GPa.
  • E-modulus of 150-350 GPa the strength of the coating decreases with decreasing modulus of elasticity.
  • a low modulus of elasticity of the coating may prolong the coating life.
  • the stated value range of the modulus of elasticity therefore represents the optimum for the application sliding element.
  • the adhesion layer
  • the roughness of the MAX phase layer and / or adhesive layer after the coating process is reduced by means of lapping, strip polishing and / or brush polishing.
  • the sliding elements produced in this way have improved friction properties.
  • At least one layer of the coating is deposited by means of PVD methods, CVD methods or thermal spraying, preferably by means of high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) or pulse laser deposition (PLD).
  • HPPMS high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering
  • PLD pulse laser deposition
  • a sliding element according to the invention in a tribological system, preferably in a gasoline or diesel engine, at least consisting of the sliding element, a frictional contact with the sliding element in frictional contact and at least one lubricant, preferably motor oil, wherein the lubricant contains additives.
  • the metallic properties of the MAX phase layer impart polar surface states to the coating, which are crucial for the exchange of electrons with additive components in lubricants and thus the formation of so-called tribo films.
  • Especially suitable additives have been organic friction modifiers such as glycerol mono oleate (GMO), inorganic friction modifiers such as molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamates (MoDTC) and / or polymeric friction modifiers.
  • GMO glycerol mono oleate
  • MoDTC molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamates
  • Friction modifiers differ from conventional friction modifiers in that the molecules are present in long polymer chains (5000-50000 daltons [Da]). In contrast, conventional friction modifiers consist of small molecules (250-300 daltons [Da]). Due to the polymer structure, therefore, the stability of the lubricating film on the running surfaces (piston ring coating and cylinder) is advantageously increased.
  • composition of the MAX phases small deviations in concentration, in particular deviations from the stoichiometric empirical formula of up to ⁇ 2 at. ⁇ 6, within the scope of the invention.
  • a piston ring is provided as a sliding element, whose base material consists of a chromium-silicon-carbon steel.
  • Peripheral surface of the piston ring acts as a substrate on which a first chromium nitride adhesive layer is deposited by PVD method in the layer thickness 1 ym.
  • a MAX phase layer with a thickness of 1 ⁇ m and a molecular formula Ti3SiC2 is then applied to the adhesion layer by means of high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS).
  • HPPMS high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering
  • the average roughness of the coating becomes final set by band polishing to a value of R z ⁇ 4ym.
  • a sliding element with the coating described above has in particular an extreme

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de glissement, en particulier un segment de piston, un procédé de fabrication dudit élément, et l'utilisation de l'élément de glissement dans un système tribologique, l'élément de glissement présentant un revêtement qui comprend, de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur, au moins une couche adhésive et une couche de phases MAX. La couche de phases MAX présente la composition suivante : Mn+1AXn (n = 1, 2, 3), M désignant un élément appartenant au groupe Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf et Ta, A désignant un élément appartenant au groupe Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl et Pb, et X désignant les éléments C ou N.
EP17758530.4A 2016-08-31 2017-08-28 Élément de glissement muni d'un revêtement de phases max Withdrawn EP3507392A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016216428.7A DE102016216428A1 (de) 2016-08-31 2016-08-31 Gleitelement mit MAX-Phasen-Beschichtung
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DE102018109569A1 (de) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-24 Stabilus Gmbh Bremsmodul für ein antriebssystem, antriebssystem und herstellungsverfahren für ein bremsmodul
CN108950507B (zh) * 2018-08-15 2020-03-17 电子科技大学 一种基于a-TSC:O陶瓷薄膜的忆阻开关器件及其制备方法
CN111748782B (zh) * 2019-03-29 2022-09-09 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Max相涂层及其制备方法
CN110394449A (zh) * 2019-08-27 2019-11-01 西安交通大学 一种四元max相增强镍基高温抗氧化复合材料及其合成方法
CN111300924A (zh) * 2020-02-16 2020-06-19 中国地质大学（北京） 一种具备自润滑特性的聚晶金刚石复合片及其制备方法
CN111501014A (zh) * 2020-06-10 2020-08-07 东南大学 一种纳米晶NdGaN硬质涂层及其制备方法
CN113388811B (zh) * 2021-05-10 2022-07-26 中国科学院金属研究所 一种事故容错燃料包壳用双层Cr/Cr2AlC涂层及其制备方法
CN113235062B (zh) * 2021-07-12 2021-09-24 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 一种max相多层复合涂层及其制备方法与应用
CN113981392A (zh) * 2021-10-09 2022-01-28 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 一种Ti-Al-C MAX相涂层及其低温成相制备方法
CN114940919B (zh) * 2022-05-25 2023-06-30 南京钢铁股份有限公司 一种中间包快换水口用高温润滑剂及其制备方法

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