EP3504402A1 - Dampfturbine und verfahren zum betreiben einer dampfturbine - Google Patents
Dampfturbine und verfahren zum betreiben einer dampfturbineInfo
- Publication number
- EP3504402A1 EP3504402A1 EP17745999.7A EP17745999A EP3504402A1 EP 3504402 A1 EP3504402 A1 EP 3504402A1 EP 17745999 A EP17745999 A EP 17745999A EP 3504402 A1 EP3504402 A1 EP 3504402A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valves
- valve
- steam turbine
- section
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/141—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path
- F01D17/145—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path by means of valves, e.g. for steam turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a steam turbine and a steam turbine. Background of the invention
- valves are used, which are driven by means of an actuator.
- This actuator is controlled by means of a control module which sends parameters for control and adjustment to the one or more actuators.
- the parameters of the Re ⁇ gelmoduls originate from a stored controller logic.
- This controller logic provides a fixed opening order of the valves of the steam turbine. In this case, each valve is opened nachei ⁇ Nander to a fixed value.
- the controller logic or control characteristic curve in this case has the fixed ⁇ réellesrei ⁇ hen merge the valves. As a result, the start-up process of the valves is firmly defined and must always be started with the same valve.
- valves different ⁇ Liche valve sizes may have, it is possible that the first valve provides ⁇ as unfavorable valve for starting out, with the result that a further valve must be ⁇ continues to drive the steam turbine. This additional valve is also called start-up valve.
- a method for operating a steam turbine is provided.
- the Ver ⁇ drive describes a predetermining a Dampfturbinencharakte- rintegrating to a control module, wherein each of a plurality of valves, a specific aperture cross-section for flow (as well as a mass flow) to provide a fluid for operating a steam turbine, wherein the opening cross-sections of valves form a total opening cross-section.
- the total opening area is predefined by means of the control module in depen ⁇ dependence of the predetermined steam pattern and an operating point of the steam turbine.
- the method describes an actuation of the plurality of valves by means of the control module such that each of the plurality of valves has a specific opening cross section, wherein the opening cross section is set variably in dependence on the pre ⁇ given total opening cross section.
- the steam turbine has a Re ⁇ gelmodul, to which a steam turbine characteristics can be specified. Furthermore, the steam turbine has a plurality of valves, which provides an overall opening cross section by means of the control module.
- the control module is configured to predetermine the total opening cross section as a function of the predetermined steam turbine characteristic and an operating point, wherein a specific opening cross section for the flow through (as well as a mass flow) of a fluid for operating the steam turbine can be provided by means of each of the plurality of valves.
- control module is in particular understood to be a Mo ⁇ dul controller or control loop having a stored logic controllers and more particularly to a stored
- the control module can compare a preset signal (setpoint) with the set signal (actual value) within the control loop. It can do that
- Control module send values to the orderly actuators or to actuators, which are integrated in the control module, thus to control the valves of the steam turbine.
- the stored controller logic is used to approach the individual valves in a specific order.
- Regulator logic on the one hand, the order of the valves to be approached deposited.
- Control logic further parameters for operating the steam turbine and for controlling the valves deposited and / or are detected by the controller logic. These are a series of factors (such as steam turbine performance, mass flow, taking mass flows, pressure) which must be observed for setting and STEU ⁇ ren the valves.
- the control module can be constructed from corresponding electronic components and control circuits, such as controllers, microcontrollers or integrated control circuits.
- the control module may also include one or more actuators, which operate the valves directly.
- the actuators can be combined in an actuator or the actuators be designed as servomotors. At least one of the actuators may be a hydraulic actuator. At least one of the actuators may be an electromechanical actuator. At least one of the actuators may be a pneumatic actuator.
- plurality of valves is understood to mean the use of at least two valves, which the
- Influence or regulate the steam supply of the steam turbine and thus operate the steam turbine In particular, this means the use of four valves, which are used to operate the steam turbine. Furthermore, it is also possible to use three valves or more than four valves.
- valves and operated acti ⁇ fourth to assume a certain position and to allow operation of the steam turbine.
- steam turbine characteristic are
- This Dampfturbinencha ⁇ rakterizing may include the performance of the steam turbine.
- the steam turbine characteristics can be the vapor pressure of the
- Steam turbine include. In response to this steam turbines ⁇ nen characterizing the valves are controlled or operated.
- control module By means of the control module, the actual and desired steam turbine characteristic is detected in order to subsequently calculate or select the required total opening cross section, by means of which the required desired steam turbine characteristic can be achieved most effectively.
- total opening cross-section of the cross-section of all valves of the steam turbine is understood. This total opening cross-section is composed of the respective Publ ⁇ drying cross sections of all the individual valves of the steam turbine.
- the opening cross-section of a valve the opening of the valve itself, ie the state of the opening in which a valve is located.
- the control module determines the benötig ⁇ th total opening cross-section in order to adjust the predetermined Dampftur- binen characterizing.
- the required total opening cross-section results from the sum of the respective valve openings taking into account the associated valve opening characteristic of the valve (ie be open or closed one or more valves and the resulting opening cross-section of the corresponding valve).
- the task of the control module is to determine the optimum valve positions for an operating point, taking into account minimized pressure losses at the steam turbine. Minimized pressure losses are achieved by DIE flore valves are opened as far as possible, which may depicting ⁇ len the required total opening cross-section together.
- operating point is the totality of all operating and process parameters of the steam turbine itself and / or to associated working machines, such as a transmission (in its entirety as a steam turbine set ⁇ net designated) understood in consideration of the regulation requirements.
- the operating point is therefore the current operating point of the steam turbine.
- the operating point takes into account all Randpara- meter, ie the actual pressure, the actual steam turbine power, etc.
- the control module uses the detected operating point to which the total opening cross-section iststel ⁇ len in dependency and thus the steam turbine characteristic.
- variable is meant a non-solid purchase order or sequence in which the valves to adjust the total opening cross-section at respective specific Be ⁇ operating points.
- the individual opening areas of the valves can be controlled variably.
- the sequence of the valves, or the Rei ⁇ hen blur the opening cross-sections of valves varies the ⁇ so that they can be operated at different operating points.
- the total opening cross section of the actuation of the valves is thus variable over the operation of the
- a steam turbine is optimized for the different operation of the plant in which it is to be used.
- the turbine is at a maximum load point (also called a valve point) interpreted.
- the steam turbine is controlled by means of several valves.
- the steam turbine consists of an inflow region, around which in the circumferential direction of the steam turbine (the circumferential direction is defined by the steam turbine axis, around which the blades of the steam turbine move) Sekto ⁇ ren are arranged.
- valves introduce the fluid (or steam) to operate the steam turbine.
- steam turbine characteristics such as the power or the pressure of the steam turbine
- the corresponding valve is actuated or several corresponding valves of the steam turbine.
- Control logic is stored. Due to the selection and the variability in the opening characteristic of each of the plurality of valves and thus also in the actuation of the valves, different power levels (load / valve points) of the steam turbine can be approached. In order to achieve a better performance of the steam turbine, thus the order in which the valves are actuated is variably controlled, so that no fixed opening sequence is present.
- actuating the plurality of valves further comprises actuating the plurality of valves in a first predetermined target valve opening characteristic to set a first total opening area and actuating the plurality of valves in a second predetermined set valve opening characteristic Setting a second total opening cross-section, wherein the first total opening cross-section differs from the second total opening cross-section.
- valve opening characteristic means a characteristic of each individual valve, which the properties of each of the valves again spat ⁇ gel. This means comprises the valve opening characteristic expansion behavior, the opening and the opening state of the valve, such as the height of the valve stroke, the area of the ⁇ possible mass flow through the valve and the opening time of the valve. Furthermore, the valve opening characteristic of the valve can NE ben the opening behavior of the valve also include the Schierverhal ⁇ th of the valve, such as the closing time of the valve. Furthermore, the valve opening characteristic comprises the opening cross section of each valve and, when using more than one valve, the opening cross section of the valves used, the total opening cross section. Further, the valve opening characteristic also includes the operation order of the individual valves.
- the target valve opening characteristic is the This was preceded selected characteristic which is intended to have the steam turbine in entspre ⁇ sponding operating state, thus to provide the entspre ⁇ -reaching steam turbine characteristic.
- the desired turbine characteristic is pre ⁇ passed to the control module so as to select the corresponding Ven ⁇ tilö Anlagens characterizing for the steam turbine characteristic by means of the control module and to provide to the valves before and during the execution of the operation on.
- different valve opening characteristics are stored in the control module or on a corresponding computer medium (such as a controller) which is linked to the control module.
- a valve opening characteristic is selectable, with the valve opening characteristic of the plurality of valves being different depending on a selected mode of operation.
- the valve opening characteristic has an order for operating the plurality of valves to each other, wherein the order of the first valve opening characteristic and the order of the second valve opening characteristic differ.
- sequence is a sequence, sequence or a sequence understood that includes actuating the valves at a given operating point.
- the valves are controlled in accordance with its valve opening flock file ⁇ rrick in an (operating) order and operated in this to produce to be actuated order by means of the control module and a particular characteristic of the steam turbine.
- the order specifies the open position at least one valve to a be ⁇ certain operating point.
- the actuation is supply sequence the opening of all the valves at specific times before.
- the order of a sequence of the valves is controlled, said control of the valves is va ⁇ riabel.
- the sequence may comprise a timing of the valves. by means of this timing of the valves can (starting from the existing actual performance of the steam turbine, the target power or predetermined ene steam turbines ⁇ nen characterizing) can be adjusted. For example, the sequence specifies a time interval at the beginning of the actual state or the actual power of the steam turbine and the actual opening positions of the valves are. At the end of the
- Time interval is the desired or desired power (i.e., steam turbine characteristic) of the steam turbine defined.
- the sequence controls (or specifies) the course of the opening positions of the individual valves at specific times between the beginning and the end of the valve
- Time interval it can be selected successively following operation, for example, four valves, so that the valves trigger VI to V4 after each other. It can, however a different order can be selected so that it does not begin with valve ⁇ VI and / or ended with valve V4.
- different valve settings can be made possible for a controller output value, so that an end result of eg a specific steam turbine characteristic can be provided by opening the valves differently.
- the actuation of the plurality of valves with a certain opening cross section has an opening and a closing at least one valve.
- one and the same valve can be both opened and closed within an operation.
- the term "actuation" can be understood as meaning the operation of a valve, wherein actuation may include opening a valve and closing the same valve, whereby one or more valves may open and / or close include, within an actuator.
- only a first valve can be opened first and then closed again, if in the meantime and / or thereafter, for example, a second valve is opened.
- the first valve can be just opened second and ge ⁇ included are after the second valve as the first geöff ⁇ net was.
- the opening cross-section of the valves is at least partially changed in parallel or sequentially to one another.
- actuations of the valves can partially and / or completely and / or not overlap in time.
- the valves can also be operated sequentially, ie one after the other.
- an opening from one valve and a closing from another valve or also an opening from one valve and an opening from another valve or also a closing from one valve and a closing from another may overlap, whereby at least two valves, the opening sequence (or opening cross-section) changes partially parallel or sequentially to each other.
- the method further comprises providing a mass flow of a valve of the plurality of valves with fully ⁇ constantly opening the one valve of the plurality of valves, which mass flow is less than a mass flow of another valve of the plurality of Valves at full opening.
- the individual can provide a mass flow of a valve of the plurality of valves with fully ⁇ constantly opening the one valve of the plurality of valves, which mass flow is less than a mass flow of another valve of the plurality of Valves at full opening.
- Valves from the majority of valves provide different mass ⁇ currents. You can thus have different Ven ⁇ tilieren and thus have different mass flow rates at the maximum aperture.
- all valves with each other have a different valve size.
- individual valves may also correspond in their valve size and thus in the mass flow provided.
- the steam turbine has a circumferential direction
- the steam turbine has an inflow region for the vapor, which inflow region can be subdivided into sectors, the inflow region being subdivided into at least two sectors. In each of these sectors flows through a correspondingly associated valve, a mass flow, which allows operation of the steam turbine.
- the first sector and the second sector have a different extent in the circumferential direction.
- the sectors may be adjusted according to their associated valves.
- the steam turbine at least three, in particular four Ven ⁇ tile on. Furthermore, the steam turbine in the circumferential direction on an inflow, which is at least in three, in particular four sectors lower part.
- a first valve provides a first mass flow to a first sector of the
- a second valve provides a second mass flow to a second sector of the Einstrom Schlues ready
- a third valve is a third mass flow to a third sector of the Einstrom Schlues ready and in particular ⁇ sondere
- a fourth valve provides a fourth mass flow providing a fourth sector of the inflow.
- the mass flows of the individual valves may differ, so that three, especially four different Venti ⁇ le with different valve sizes and thus three, especially four, different mass flows arise.
- at least two of the three, in particular four, valves can correspond in their size and thus in their mass flows.
- more than four valves may be used, such as five valves.
- each sector at least one valve, in particular a plurality of valves, each valve associated with or is at least one sector, in particular a plurality of Sekto ⁇ ren assigned.
- a sector can be controlled by one valve or by several valves.
- a valve can have one sector or even several seconds. control them. It can thus be not only a one to one mapping from valve to sector but also two or three or more to one correspondence (which äquiva ⁇ lent according to a valve or a sector may be).
- the assignment of the valves to each sector can be asymmetrical, as well as the assignment of the sectors to the valves can be asymmetrical.
- the method further comprises controlling an opening and closing speed and / or an opening flow of the plurality of valves in different manners by means of the control module.
- the opening speed of the valves can be controlled so as to determine how fast and / or over which time the valve should open.
- the closing speed of the valves can also be controlled, it being possible to control how fast and / or over which time the valves should close.
- the flow rate of the valves may be controlled so that the value (at which level the valve lift is to be made) of a mass flow through the valve is adjusted with a range between the minimum and maximum flow of the valves controllable.
- only one valve in its opening speed and / or opening flow can be controlled or at least two valves or all valves.
- the steam turbine characteristic remains constant.
- a valve is opened and another valve is closed, whereby the opening and closing of the at least two valves cuts across ⁇ , then remains during the overlap of this Be ⁇ practicesens the valves, the steam turbine characteristic, ie the power of the steam turbine and / or the pressure of the Steam turbine, constant.
- the switchover has at least two different states of actuation or two equal states of actuation.
- the steam turbine has an inflow region which extends in the circumferential direction of the steam turbine.
- a first valve of the plurality of valves provides a first mass flow to a first sector of the inflow region
- at least one second valve of the plurality of valves provides a second mass flow to a second sector of the inflow region.
- the first sector and the second sector have a different extent in the circumferential direction.
- the steam turbine can also have four sectors, which sectors each have a valve associated with it, so that the steam turbine also has four valves in four sectors.
- a corresponding actuator is assigned to each of the plurality of valves.
- each valve can be indi vidually ⁇ driven by means of the control module.
- the actuator may include a servomotor, so that each valve of the
- valves are actuated by a respective servo motor.
- the actuator (servomotor) is controlled by means of the control module, in particular all actuators which actuate a valve are controlled by means of the control module.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a steam turbine.
- Fig. 2 shows a flow of the valve opening characteristic.
- Fig. 3 shows two faced processes of the Ver ⁇ procedure in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- valve opening characteristic of valves according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 5 shows the sequence of two valve opening flock file ⁇ istics in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows the valve opening characteristic with respect to steam turbine power according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- the steam turbine 100 has an inflow region, which in the circumferential direction U to the steam turbine 100 e stretches. Furthermore, the steam turbine 100 has four sectors 101, 102, 103, 104, which extend in the circumferential direction U around the inflow region and are furthermore arranged in the inflow region. Further, the four sectors 101, 102, 103, 104 may differ in the circumferential direction U in their extension. The four sectors 101, 102, 103, 104 may be arranged symmetrically. The sectors 101, 102, 103, 104 may also be arranged asymmetrically, so that at least one of the sectors 101, 102, 103, 104 is smaller than the other sectors 101, 102, 103, 104.
- At least one sector 101, 102, 103, 104 may be larger than the other sectors 101, 102, 103, 104.
- a valve is assigned, so that the steam turbine 100 according to FIG. 1 has four valves VI, V2, V3, V4.
- a desired and predetermined steam turbine characteristic is specified to a control module 105.
- a plurality of valves VI, V2, V3, V4 provide a total opening area by means of the control module.
- the control module 105 is configured to specify the total opening cross section, depending on the given steam turbine characteristic and the operating point of the steam turbine, wherein by means of each of the plurality of valves VI, V2, V3, V4 a certain opening cross section for the flow (mass flow) of a fluid to operate the steam turbine 100 is provided.
- the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 By means of the control module 105, the valves VI, V2, V3, V4
- each of the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 has a predetermined opening cross-section.
- the total opening cross-section of each of the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 is there ⁇ variably controllable.
- the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 in the sequence of VI, V2, V3, V4 can be operated sequentially, or in the sequence of V2, V3, V4, VI or V4, VI, V2, V3 and in further sequences. With four valves, there are fifteen different operating sequences. At the same time, the different bet- fifteen different valve points.
- the ers ⁇ te valve VI of the plurality of valves VI, V2, V3, V4 provides during actuation a first mass flow to the first sector 101 ready and the second valve V2 is a second mass flow the second sector 102 of the
- the first sector 101 and the second sector 102 in the circumferential direction U have a different extent.
- the valves V3 and V4 provide a third and fourth mass flow to the third sector 103, and the fourth sector 104 of the inflow, whereby the third sector 103, and the fourth sec ⁇ tor can have a different Tilere ⁇ is discovered in the circumferential direction U 104th
- a corresponding actuator is assigned to each of the valves VI, V2, V3, V4. These actuators actuate the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 to perform the desired operation, ie opening or closing.
- valve 1 is not limited to four valves VI, V2, V3, V4 be ⁇ limits other embodiments such. B. with only two valves VI, V2 or even more than four valves are possible. Furthermore, the sectors are tunable to the valves, that is, if there are only two valves, there are correspondingly two sectors before, if there are more than four valves, according to the number of valves and the corresponding number of sectors before. This assignment can also be asymmetrical, so that one or more valves are assigned to a sector, or so that one or more sectors are assigned to a valve.
- valves wel ⁇ che that particular opening cross-section can provide (mass flow).
- the sectors are matched to the corresponding valves in order to use just this opening cross-section (mass flow) to operate the valves can.
- valve opening characteristic A flow of the valve opening characteristic will be described below with reference to FIG. In the diagram of Fig. 2, the valve lift over the mass flow is qm (qm) pro Power P worn off.
- the valve opening characteristic consists of four valves VI, V2, V3, V4 which are triggered at different operating points x (and / or times) one after the other or to different requirements. By means of these different trip times, the valves are, for example, opened sequentially to drive the steam turbine from a current existing actual power to a desired target power (predetermined steam turbine characteristic).
- the control module 105 calculates the desired power (steam turbine ⁇ characteristic), it can compare with the actual power to the operating point, can then calculate by means of which total opening cross section most effectively the target power (steam turbine characteristic) is achieved and then the setpoint Set valve opening characteristic by means of the controlled valves.
- the valves are thereby opened to the operating points (times) or demand requirements at the positions Pos. 1, Pos. 2.
- Valve VI is opened at pos.
- Valve V2 is opened at pos. 1, valve V3 at pos. 2 and valve V4 at pos. 3.
- the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 are opened one after the other in a fixed opening sequence by means of the control module.
- the Re ⁇ gel module drives an actuator of a valve, wherein the regulating module sends the PA by means of a stored logic controller parameters for valve actuation of the actuator. in the
- V3 represent the valves VI, V2, V4 a total opening cross-section ready wel ⁇ cher in dependence on the predetermined Dampfturbinencha- rakterizing and an operating point of the steam turbine is vorgege- ben.
- the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 are actuated by means of Re ⁇ gelmodules 105, so that each valve VI, V2, V3, V4 a predetermined opening cross-section.
- the opening cross section is set variably as a function of the predetermined total opening cross section.
- the steam turbine is driven from the current actual power to a desired power (specified steam turbine characteristic).
- the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 are actuated in a chronological order.
- a power PI is specified to the control module 105 in step 1. According to this first pre give ⁇ NEN target valve opening characteristic of the valves are actuated in a first total opening cross-section.
- the Re ⁇ gel module 105 selects the appropriate voltage Publ ⁇ cross-sections for the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 from the basis of which.
- the control module 105 starts in step 2 with the valve V2.
- the fourth valve V4 is opened by means of the control module 105.
- the first valve VI is opened and in step 5, the last not yet open valve V3 is opened.
- This process differs from the prior art in that it is not started as usual with the first valve VI, but can be started with valve V2. Furthermore, it is also possible to start with every other valve VI, V2, V3, V4.
- a different steam turbines ⁇ nen creative P2 is specified in step 1 to the control module 105th
- the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 are actuated according to the second specified differently surrounded target valve opening characteristic in a second including overall opening cross-section.
- the first total opening cross section from the first method sequence differs from the second overall
- step 2 the order of Ventilöff ⁇ nungs characterizing begins with the opening of valve V2.
- step 3 valve V2 is closed and valve V2 is opened simultaneously or partially in parallel.
- step 4 valve V4 is opened and in step 5 valve V3 is opened.
- This second procedure is different from the first procedure is that at least one valve VI, V2, V3 is closed V4 again, after it has been opened and / or the at least one other valve VI, V2, V3, V4 teilwei ⁇ se opened in parallel is while the one valve VI, V2, V3, V4 is open and / or opened and / or closed. Further, the opening area of the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 is sequentially changed with each other.
- the actuation of the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 with a predetermined opening cross-section has an opening and closing of at least one valve VI, V2, V3, V4.
- the desired steam turbine outputs PI and P2 may differ from one another in order to be able to provide different powers by means of a steam turbine 100.
- the target steam turbine outputs PI and P2 may be equal to produce the same power only by operating the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 differently by means of the variable opening cross-sections and / or the variable valve opening characteristic. In this way, a desired performance and a desired flow behavior of the steam turbine 100 can be provided.
- valve lift of the valves VI, V2, V4 is plotted over the operating point (and / or over time).
- Valves VI, V2, V4, open at different operating points (the valves can also open at different times).
- the valve V4 is opened first. Thereafter, the Ven ⁇ valve VI is opened and then the valve V2.
- this valve opening characteristic valve V4 is closed again (descending edge of the V4) the valves VI and V2 remain there against ⁇ open. It can thus be determined by means of the control module 105 and controlled when the individual valves VI, V2, V4 are to be opened. It is also possible to control when the individual or at least one valve VI, V2, V4 should be closed.
- All valves VI, V2 and V4 can be opened to the maximum (or have a maximum valve lift, indicated by 0 for minimum and 1 for maximum in diagram). This means that the valves VI, V2, V4, when opened maximally, can also provide their maximum possible mass flow.
- valve opening characteristic is shown by a dashed line.
- the valve VI will open overall in Section I, then in a section II, the valve V2, then in ⁇ From section III, the valve V3 and last in section IV, the valve V4.
- there are four positions at which the valves open Pos. V0 for valve VI, Pos. VI for valve V2, Pos. V2 for valve V3 and Pos. V3 for valve V4).
- valve opening saddle ⁇ rakterizing is shown as a solid line according to an another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- the valves VI, V2, V3 and V4 are actuated, but in egg ⁇ ner variable valve opening characteristic, ie in a variable order of the valves. After this valve opening characteristic ⁇ the valves are actuated in the following order: V2, V4, VI and last V3. Due to the variable actuation variable valve points (Pos. VIA, Item V2A and item V3A). The actuation may also include a different sequence or order of the valves.
- the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 can all have a different Ven ⁇ til ashamed, as can be seen from the different sized area I to IV. By the different ones
- valve sizes, the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 each provide a mass flow, wherein a mass flow of one of the valves VI, V2, V3, V4 when fully opening the one valve is less than a mass flow of another valve from the valves VI, V2 , V3, V4 when fully opened. From Fig. 5 it can be seen that the mass flow of V2 is lower than the mass flow of V3 and the mass flow of V4 is lower than the mass flow of V3 and also lower than the mass flow of VI.
- valve VI is opened to the operating point (which is at a first time) tVl and continues until time tV2. Thereafter, valve VI is closed at time tV2 and continues until time tV3. For moving ⁇ chen time when the valve VI is closed, valve V2 is opened until it can be fully opened at the time TV3.
- the opening cross section of the valves VI, V2 can be changed at least partially parallel or sequentially to one another.
- Shift ⁇ phase the switching time between the closing of valve VI ⁇ SEN and the opening valve V2 is referred to as Shift ⁇ phase.
- a constant power P can be ensured.
- a constant power P can be guaranteed by the fact that the valve VI and V2 during the changeover valve on the Einan ⁇ are controlled tuned so that the closing and opening can be tuned to each other to a constant
- Achievement P (in another case also a constant pressure).
- the opening cross section is controlled.
- an opening speed can be controlled, so that valve V2 opens only when valve VI is open at most.
- the valve VI is closed in egg ⁇ ner certain speed and at the same time the valve V2 ge ⁇ opens at a certain speed, so that at this particular speeds a certain mass flow is generated and maintained by means of the two valves, so that the Steam turbine characteristic (steam turbine power) remains constant.
- valves ⁇ between minimum and maximum valve opening can be controlled by means of the control module, so-that z.
- a valve (VI) is fully opened and a ande ⁇ res valve (V2) is opened to a value corresponding to the Ma ⁇ ximum the opening of the valve VI.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016220846.2A DE102016220846A1 (de) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | Dampfturbine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Dampfturbine |
| PCT/EP2017/067823 WO2018077493A1 (de) | 2016-10-24 | 2017-07-14 | Dampfturbine und verfahren zum betreiben einer dampfturbine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3504402A1 true EP3504402A1 (de) | 2019-07-03 |
Family
ID=59501392
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17745999.7A Withdrawn EP3504402A1 (de) | 2016-10-24 | 2017-07-14 | Dampfturbine und verfahren zum betreiben einer dampfturbine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3504402A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102016220846A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018077493A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH626422A5 (en) * | 1977-03-21 | 1981-11-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Steam turbine control arrangement and method for controlling a steam turbine |
| US4604028A (en) * | 1985-05-08 | 1986-08-05 | General Electric Company | Independently actuated control valves for steam turbine |
| JP2825235B2 (ja) * | 1988-06-15 | 1998-11-18 | 株式会社東芝 | 蒸気加減弁制御装置 |
| DE102011006658A1 (de) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-02-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Wirkungsgraderhöhung einer Regelstufe einer Gleichdruckturbine |
| EP2642084A1 (de) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-25 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Ventilanordnung für die Regelung der Dampfzufuhr zu einer geothermischen Dampfturbine |
| DE102012208506A1 (de) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-11-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Steuern der Zufuhr von Arbeitsfluid zu einer Turbine mittels einer ventilindividuellen Ansteuerung von mehreren Ventilen |
-
2016
- 2016-10-24 DE DE102016220846.2A patent/DE102016220846A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-07-14 WO PCT/EP2017/067823 patent/WO2018077493A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2017-07-14 EP EP17745999.7A patent/EP3504402A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018077493A1 (de) | 2018-05-03 |
| DE102016220846A1 (de) | 2018-04-26 |
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