EP3503155A1 - Auslöser für elektrisches schaltgerät, und elektrisches schaltgerät, das einen solchen auslöser umfasst - Google Patents

Auslöser für elektrisches schaltgerät, und elektrisches schaltgerät, das einen solchen auslöser umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3503155A1
EP3503155A1 EP18215737.0A EP18215737A EP3503155A1 EP 3503155 A1 EP3503155 A1 EP 3503155A1 EP 18215737 A EP18215737 A EP 18215737A EP 3503155 A1 EP3503155 A1 EP 3503155A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
fixed
electrical
branch
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18215737.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3503155B1 (de
Inventor
Sébastien Heraud
Grigori DELCARMINE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP3503155A1 publication Critical patent/EP3503155A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3503155B1 publication Critical patent/EP3503155B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/08—Terminals; Connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/16—Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/04—Co-operating contacts of different material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/16—Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element
    • H01H2071/168—Provisions for avoiding permanent deformation and thus decalibration of bimetal, e.g. due to overheating or action of a magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2201/00—Contacts
    • H01H2201/022—Material
    • H01H2201/026—Material non precious
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2472—Electromagnetic mechanisms with rotatable armatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a trigger for an electrical switchgear and an electrical switching apparatus comprising such a trigger.
  • Electrical switching devices such as circuit breakers, protect an electrical installation against an electrical fault.
  • Such an electrical switchgear has an operable cutoff block, adapted to interrupt the flow of electric current, and a trigger assembly for detecting an electrical fault and, in response, mechanically actuate the cutoff block to interrupt the current.
  • a combination of several triggers of different technologies is used, each being adapted to detect a specific electrical fault.
  • a magnetic trip device makes it possible to detect a short circuit-type electrical fault, with a fast response.
  • a thermal trip device makes it possible to detect an overcurrent fault, with a longer reaction time.
  • the known thermal triggers comprise a bimetallic strip, that is to say a laminated assembly of two metal blades having different thermal expansion coefficients.
  • the electric current flowing in the trigger expands the two blades by Joule effect, which, because of their different nature, causes a deformation of the bimetallic strip, so as to cause a movement of an actuating member of the block of cut.
  • the thermal release is heated by Joule effect, by passing directly into the bimetallic electric current flowing in the trigger.
  • the bimetal is traversed by an electric current, including during a short circuit type fault.
  • a disadvantage is that the bimetal is not always dimensioned to withstand such a short circuit current, which is of higher intensity than that encountered in case of overcurrent.
  • the mobile armature is connected to the first connection terminal
  • the fixed armature is connected to the second connection terminal
  • the respective contact zones of the fixed armature and the armature are made of electrically conductive materials that have low weldability between them.
  • the contacting of the fixed and movable armatures in the second position allows the flow of electric current between the connection terminals without passing through the bimetallic strip. This makes it possible to divert at least a portion of the electric current of the bimetallic strip. The risk of overheating bimetallic is therefore reduced.
  • the choice of materials forming the contact zone limits the risk of accidental welding between the fixed and mobile armatures during the passage of electric current. The reliability of the trigger assembly is thus improved.
  • the triggering unit of this switching device is according to the foregoing.
  • the figure 1 schematically represents an electrical switchgear 2, such as a circuit breaker.
  • an electrical switchgear 2 such as a circuit breaker.
  • it is a low voltage circuit breaker.
  • the apparatus 2 comprises a cut-off block 4 and a trigger assembly 6.
  • the apparatus 2 is intended to be connected to an electrical installation 8 to be protected, called the client installation.
  • the trigger assembly 6 comprises connection terminals, or connection pads, denoted 10 and 12, which connect it, respectively, to the block of
  • the cutoff block is also connected to a power line by upstream connection terminals, not shown.
  • the breaking block 4 allows the interruption of the current when it is triggered by the assembly 6.
  • the breaking block 4 comprises separable electrical contacts movable between an open state and a closed state.
  • the assembly 6 is configured to monitor the electrical current flowing to the installation 8 and, in the event of an electrical fault, to trigger the opening of the breaking block 4.
  • the electrical fault can be an overload current or a short circuit. circuit.
  • the assembly 6 here comprises a thermomagnetic trigger, formed by the combination of a thermal trigger and a magnetic trigger, each preferably being adapted to detect a type of electrical fault.
  • the assembly 6 is a small-caliber trigger, for example, whose triggering intensity "Ir" is less than or equal to 20 amperes.
  • the assembly 6 is described for a single electrical pole of the apparatus 2.
  • the apparatus 2 may be a multipolar apparatus for protecting a polyphase electrical installation.
  • the assembly 6 is modified accordingly.
  • the assembly 6 comprises a housing 14, for example a molded plastic housing.
  • This housing 14 encloses the components of the assembly 6.
  • the assembly 6 comprises a thermal release, a magnetic release and a trip arm 20 intended to be mechanically coupled with a switching mechanism of the device 2, for example with a known energy storage mechanism.
  • the triggering arm 20 comprises a first actuating lever 22 and a second actuating lever 24, respectively associated with the magnetic release and the thermal release.
  • the trigger arm 20 rotates and activates the switching mechanism to open the contacts of the breaking block so as to interrupt the flow of the circuit.
  • the trip arm 20 is a shaft rotatably mounted relative to the housing 14.
  • the thermal release comprises a bimetallic strip 30, that is to say a laminated assembly of two metal strips having different thermal expansion coefficients.
  • This bimetal strip 30 is intended to be traversed by current flowing between the terminals 10 and 12, as explained in the following.
  • the bimetallic strip 30 is adapted to deform when the current passing through it exceeds a first predefined threshold, so as to actuate the first actuating lever 24.
  • the bimetallic strip 30 extends from a base of the casing 14 towards an upper face of the casing 14.
  • the upper end of the bimetallic strip 30 is free to move when the bimetallic strip deforms and is placed facing the actuating lever 24.
  • the first threshold corresponds, for example, to a trip threshold for a long-time fault of the overload current type.
  • the magnetic release comprises a movable armature 34, a fixed armature 32 and an electrical conductor 36.
  • the electrical conductor 36 and the bimetallic strip 30 are electrically connected in series with each other between the connection terminals 10 and 12.
  • the conductor 36 acts as a complementary heating element for the bimetallic strip 30.
  • bimetallic strip 30 is kept in direct contact with a bent portion of terminal 12 by clamping by means of a metal screw 31, here at the base of bimetallic strip 30.
  • the movable armature 34 is adapted to move from a first position to a second position when the current flowing in the electrical conductor 36 exceeds a second predefined threshold. In the first position, the movable armature 34 is remote from the fixed armature 32. In the second position, the movable armature 34 is in contact with the fixed armature 32. The contact is made at the contact zones of the frames 32 and 34.
  • the armature 34 is illustrated in the first position on the figure 3 and in the second position on the figures 2 and 4 .
  • the contact areas correspond to portions of the outer surface of the frames 32 and 34 at which the plates 32 and 34 touch each other when the movable armature 34 is in the second position.
  • the reference Z32 designates the zone or zones of contact of the armature 32.
  • the reference Z34 designates the zone or zones of contact of the armature 34.
  • the second threshold corresponds for example to a trip threshold for a short-time short-circuit fault. It is therefore different from the first threshold.
  • the armatures 32 and 34 are further provided with magnetic elements
  • the armatures 32 and 34 thus form a magnetic circuit with variable air gap.
  • the gap is here formed by the air present inside the housing and surrounding the frames 32 and 34. In the second position, the gap is zero.
  • the armatures 32 and 34 surround at least part of the conductor 36 and face each other. When a current flows in the conductor 36, it creates a magnetic force that brings the armature 34 closer to the armature 32.
  • the plates 32 and 34 both have portions whose cross section is U-shaped, each having two arms extending substantially perpendicularly from a bottom. As illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 , the contact areas Z32 and Z34 are here located on the ends of the arms.
  • the assembly 6 comprises a movable pallet 38 fixed to the movable armature 34.
  • the pallet 38 is mounted at the rear of the armature 34, it being understood that the front of the armature 34 is turned towards the armature 34 It is therefore understood that the pallet 38 accompanies the displacement of the armature 34 between the first and second positions.
  • the assembly formed by the pallet 38 and the armature 34 is pivotally mounted, thanks to a pivot connection 40, relative to a fixed bracket 42 integral with the casing 14.
  • the link 40 allows the displacement of the armature 34 between the first and second positions.
  • the pivot connection 40 has a rod connected to the yoke 42.
  • a stop 44 is mounted on the yoke 42 so as to limit the stroke of the pallet 38 when it returns to the first position.
  • the pivot connection 40 is here formed at the base of the armature 34 and the pallet 38.
  • the upper end of the movable pallet 38 is placed facing the actuating lever 22, so as to press the lever of the lever. actuation 22 as it moves to the second position.
  • the assembly 6 comprises a return spring 46, preferably a helical spring, for returning the movable armature 34 to the first position.
  • the spring 46 is connected to the pallet 38 and the armature 42.
  • connection element such as a braid 48 of copper connection.
  • other elements may be used.
  • the movable armature 34 is electrically connected to the first terminal 10 via the piece 62 and the fixed armature 32 is electrically connected to the second terminal 12 by through room 60.
  • the armature 32 is electrically connected with the bent portion of the terminal 12 via the piece 60 and with the bimetallic strip 30 by being clampingly held by the screw 31.
  • connection elements may be used, for example, connection braids, or preformed rigid conductors or cables.
  • the element bearing the reference T symbolizes the thermal release.
  • the elements bearing the reference M1 and M2 correspond to the magnetic trigger. More specifically, the element M2 symbolically represents a switch, to illustrate the role played by the displacement of the frames 32 and 34 between them. The second position corresponds to an on state of the switch M2 allowing the passage of current in the branch R2, and the first position corresponds to a blocking state.
  • the element M1 symbolically represents a control of the switch M2, illustrating the role played by the driver 36 to control the displacement of the armature 34.
  • the electrical conductor 36 and the bimetallic strip 30 together form a first branch R1 of an electric circuit for the circulation of an electric current between the connection terminals 10, 12.
  • the reinforcements 32 and 34 in contact with each other form a second branch R2 of the electric circuit for the circulation of an electric current between the connection terminals 10, 12.
  • This second branch R2 is electrically arranged in parallel with the first branch R1.
  • the first branch R1 has an impedance greater than the impedance of the second branch R2, for example an impedance ten times greater than that of the second branch R2, preferably an impedance hundred times greater than that of the second branch R2 .
  • the impedance difference between the first and second branches R1 and R2 is partly due to the high impedance of the bimetal 30.
  • the electric current flowing in the assembly 6 between the terminals 10 and 12 is at least partially diverted from the bimetal 30 and passes through the frames 32, 34, since their contacting forms a privileged path for the flow of the current, because of its lower impedance than that of the first branch R1.
  • the respective contact areas Z32 and Z34 of the fixed armature 32 and the movable armature 34 are made of electrically conductive materials which have a low weldability between them.
  • each armature 32, 34 has two contact zones, because of their previously described form. It is understood that, alternatively, the number of contact zones may be different if the armature 32 and / or the armature 34 have a different shape.
  • the contact areas Z32, Z34 are each formed by an insert member 60, 62, fixed on a body of the corresponding fixed or movable armature 32, 34.
  • the insert is, for example, a coating, or a plate, or a sheet, or a contact pad, or any other equivalent element.
  • each armature 32, 34 comprises an insert element, respectively denoted 60 and 62, on which are formed all the contact zones Z32, Z34 associated with this armature.
  • the reinforcements 32, 34 are bi-material parts, comprising a main material on which are formed zones formed of a second different material to form the contact zones.
  • the frames 32, 34 are formed of a single material.
  • the materials forming the contact areas Z32, Z34 which are intended to come into direct contact with each other when the armature 34 is in the second position are chosen with respect to each other so as to avoid a weld when the electric current flows in the branch R2.
  • two materials are said to have a "low weldability" when they do not weld together while they are in direct contact with each other and are crossed by a electrical current of intensity equal to 500 A for a duration equal to 8 ms, the electric current flowing through a contact surface between the two materials whose area is less than or equal to 1 cm 2 . It could also be expected that the materials would not do not weld together while they are in direct contact with each other and are traversed by an electric current of intensity equal to 100A for a duration equal to 1 ms, the electric current flowing through a contact area between the two materials whose area is less than or equal to 1cm 2 .
  • At least one contact zone Z32, Z34 is made of a metallic material, selected from the group comprising copper, steel, aluminum, Durai alloy, an aluminum alloy A-G3 or A-G4.
  • the materials of the contact areas Z32, Z34 belonging respectively to the fixed and movable armatures 32, 34 are different.
  • the respective bodies of the frames 32 and 34 are preferably made of steel.
  • This material has good mechanical strength and effectively channels the magnetic flux generated by the polar elements to ensure the operation of the magnetic trigger.
  • steel with a mass concentration of carbon of less than 0.2% is used here.
  • the element 60 is here a copper plate, fixed on the body of the frame 32.
  • the element 62 is here an aluminum plate, fixed on the body of the frame 34.
  • one or more contact zones are in graphite.
  • each contact zone Z32, Z34 is formed by a graphite pellet attached to the body of the armature 32, 34 corresponding. This chip can be directly electrically connected to the corresponding terminal 10, 12 via a dedicated connector.
  • the contacting of the armatures 32 and 34 in the second position allows the flow of electric current between the connection terminals 10 and 12 without passing through the bimetal 30. This allows to divert at least a portion of the current The risk of overheating of the bimetallic strip 30 is therefore reduced.
  • the choice of the materials forming the contact zones Z32, Z34 limits the risk of accidental welding between the frames 32 and 34 when the electric current passes from one to the other when they are in the second position. The reliability of the trigger assembly 6 is thus improved.
  • the assembly 6 can therefore be used as a magnetothermal trip for a small current electrical switching device, which has satisfactory reliability and durability.
  • the Z34 contact zone or zones of the mobile armature 34 are directly connected to the first terminal 10.
  • the element 42 extends to the base of the armature 64 to guide the electric current to the terminal 10, preferably by preventing the current from passing into the shaft of the pivot link 40.
  • the Z32 contact zone or zones of the fixed armature 32 are directly connected to the second terminal 12.
  • contact areas Z32, Z34 may extend on the armature 32, 34 corresponding outside the contact areas.
  • the return spring 46 preferably helical, is coated with an insulating material.
  • the insulating material is preferably fluoropolymer, for example PTFE, such as the material known under the trademark "Teflon".

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
EP18215737.0A 2017-12-21 2018-12-21 Auslöser für elektrisches schaltgerät, und elektrisches schaltgerät, das einen solchen auslöser umfasst Active EP3503155B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1762775A FR3076065B1 (fr) 2017-12-21 2017-12-21 Declencheur pour un appareil de commutation electrique et appareil de commutation electrique comportant un tel declencheur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3503155A1 true EP3503155A1 (de) 2019-06-26
EP3503155B1 EP3503155B1 (de) 2020-08-12

Family

ID=61802119

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18215737.0A Active EP3503155B1 (de) 2017-12-21 2018-12-21 Auslöser für elektrisches schaltgerät, und elektrisches schaltgerät, das einen solchen auslöser umfasst

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10818461B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3503155B1 (de)
CN (1) CN109950104B (de)
ES (1) ES2821110T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3076065B1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3104297A (en) * 1958-12-19 1963-09-17 Gen Electric Circuit breaker with auxiliary switch
BE693871A (de) * 1964-11-12 1967-07-17
BE700982A (de) * 1967-01-09 1967-12-18
FR2043526A1 (de) * 1969-05-19 1971-02-19 Gen Electric

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1311069B1 (it) * 1999-03-04 2002-02-28 Abb Ricerca Spa Dispositivo di sgancio per l'apertura dei contatti di uninterruttore ad esso associato
CN100464387C (zh) * 2006-12-15 2009-02-25 大全集团有限公司 断路器跳闸脱扣器
CN101685728B (zh) * 2008-09-26 2011-12-14 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 一种断路器的热磁式脱扣器
FR2998415B1 (fr) * 2012-11-19 2015-01-16 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Declencheur magnetothermique de declenchement d'un disjoncteur polyphase
CN203799981U (zh) * 2014-03-13 2014-08-27 苏州西门子电器有限公司 断路器的磁脱扣机构及其断路器
CN204215985U (zh) * 2014-09-29 2015-03-18 江苏普华力拓电器股份有限公司 一种小型断路器跳闸装置
CN204289301U (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-22 施耐德电器工业公司 快速热磁脱扣装置以及断路器
CN104900456A (zh) * 2015-05-06 2015-09-09 温州高能电气有限公司 塑壳断路器及其脱扣机构

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3104297A (en) * 1958-12-19 1963-09-17 Gen Electric Circuit breaker with auxiliary switch
BE693871A (de) * 1964-11-12 1967-07-17
BE700982A (de) * 1967-01-09 1967-12-18
FR2043526A1 (de) * 1969-05-19 1971-02-19 Gen Electric

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2821110T3 (es) 2021-04-23
US20190198275A1 (en) 2019-06-27
FR3076065B1 (fr) 2020-11-20
EP3503155B1 (de) 2020-08-12
CN109950104A (zh) 2019-06-28
FR3076065A1 (fr) 2019-06-28
US10818461B2 (en) 2020-10-27
CN109950104B (zh) 2023-02-03

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