EP0047696B1 - Kleinstselbstschalter mit Lichtbogenkontakten - Google Patents

Kleinstselbstschalter mit Lichtbogenkontakten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0047696B1
EP0047696B1 EP81401363A EP81401363A EP0047696B1 EP 0047696 B1 EP0047696 B1 EP 0047696B1 EP 81401363 A EP81401363 A EP 81401363A EP 81401363 A EP81401363 A EP 81401363A EP 0047696 B1 EP0047696 B1 EP 0047696B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arcing
contacts
contact surface
contact
piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81401363A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0047696A3 (en
EP0047696A2 (de
Inventor
André Lagay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=9245832&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0047696(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Priority to AT81401363T priority Critical patent/ATE16868T1/de
Publication of EP0047696A2 publication Critical patent/EP0047696A2/de
Publication of EP0047696A3 publication Critical patent/EP0047696A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0047696B1 publication Critical patent/EP0047696B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a miniature circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the contacts are delicate points of the electrical equipment and their quality generally determines the reliability and the resistance over time of the device.
  • the heating of the contact parts is directly linked to the contact resistance and in miniature circuit breakers, the contacts are generally made of a high silver content alloy, in particular in silver pellets of low resistivity, fixed on contact parts in copper.
  • the pads are of sufficient thickness to resist wear by friction during successive operations and they withstand without too much damage, in this case without welding or excessive erosion, the action of arcs or sparks appearing at the opening. .
  • the contacts with silver pellets are nevertheless complex and expensive to manufacture and their price constitutes a non-negligible part of that of the device.
  • a low voltage circuit breaker known from document GB-A-1,197,706, comprises a pivoting contact arm, the free end of which carries a main contact pad and an arcing contact pad which cooperate respectively in the closed position with a fixed main contact pad and a pad mounted on an elastic support allowing limited travel.
  • the main contacts separate without arcing before the arcing contacts which alone are subjected to the action of the arcing.
  • This circuit breaker is not a miniature circuit breaker and it has pads.
  • Document DE-A-2,247,478 describes an electrical appliance, in particular a contactor having main contacts with copper contact pads and arcing contacts the separation distance of which in the open position is less than that of the main contacts. This allows a prior closure of the arcing contacts and conversely upon opening a prior separation of the main contacts which are never subjected to the action of the arcing.
  • the arcing contacts are covered or provided with contact pads made of noble materials such as platinum, gold or tungsten carbide. Replacing a silver dot with a gold one does not save money.
  • the introduction of the document DE-B-1.219.578 summarizes the miniature circuit breaker according to the main patent document DE-A-1.194.489 by specifying that when using copper contacts the arc moves quickly from the area contact to the extinguishing plates, with low wear of the contacts. Copper contacts nevertheless have the disadvantage of oxidizing with an increase in contact resistance.
  • the miniature circuit breaker according to document DE-B - 1.219.578 comprises a movable copper contact which cooperates with a fixed copper contact provided with a silver-based pad.
  • the present invention aims to allow the realization of a miniature circuit breaker having contact parts devoid of contact pads in silver or silver alloy.
  • the miniature circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that the movable contact consists of a one-piece piece based on copper having two contact surfaces, without pads, a main contact surface and an arcing contact surface interposed between the main contact surface and the arc horn and that the fixed contact comprises a copper-based part having a main contact surface, devoid of a pad, and a blade or elastic part associated with the copper-based part which has an arc contact surface devoid of a pellet and interposed between the main contact surface and the arc horn, the blade or elastic piece being capable of limited displacement accompanying the movable contact in its opening stroke for open the arcing contacts after separation of the main contacts.
  • the part capable of effecting a limited displacement relative to the second support part is hereinafter called the semi-fixed part and it allows the conservation of the opening kinematics of the device and the realization of the opening or closing in two phases, the arcing contact carried by the semi-fixed part accompanying in a first stage the movable contact in its course and opening with delay. It is clear that the only modification of the mechanism of the device, in this case a small elongation of the stroke of the movable contact, does not present any difficulty and that the overall size is easily respected. These modifications can be made on existing series of devices.
  • the electrodes or horns for guiding the arc towards the extinguishing chamber are arranged to constitute at the same time the arcing contacts.
  • a particularly simple embodiment comprises a flexible blade which contains both the electrode connecting the fixed contact to the extinguishing chamber and the fixed arcing contact.
  • the flexible blade is advantageously shaped as a blowing loop from the arc to the extinguishing chamber.
  • the contact parts made of copper or copper alloy, can wear an antioxidant coating, for example silver or tin in the main contact area to reduce the contact resistance and the arcing contacts can be made of a copper alloy tellurium.
  • FIG. 1 the molded housing 10 having on the front face 12 an operating handle 14 and on the two narrow side faces of the connection terminals 16, 18.
  • a movable contact 20 and a fixed contact 22 In the housing 10 are housed a movable contact 20 and a fixed contact 22, the latter being connected by a loop conductor 24, to the terminal 16.
  • the movable contact 20 is controlled by a control mechanism, designated by the general reference 25.
  • the housing 10 also contains a thermal trip device formed by a bimetallic strip 26 and an electromagnetic trip device 28 capable of causing an automatic opening of the contacts 20, 22 in the event of an overload or short-circuit.
  • a breaking chamber 30 constituted by a stack of sheets 32, which s 'extend parallel to the rear face 34 of the housing 10.
  • Fixing claws 36 carried by the rear face 34 cooperate with a symmetrical DIN rail support in a manner well known to specialists.
  • the interrupting chamber 30 is delimited by end plates or plates 38, 40 parallel to the rear face 34, the plate 38 being attached to this rear face 34.
  • the movable contact 20 is carried by a contact piece 42, mounted limited rotation on an axis 43 carried by a contact arm 44, pivotally mounted on an axis 45.
  • the movable contact 20 and the fixed contact 22 are devoid of silver pellets.
  • the silver or tin coating is thin and has the sole purpose of opposing the oxidation of the contact surface.
  • the movable contact piece 42 extends beyond the movable contact 20 into a curved horn 48 for guiding the arc towards the breaking chamber 30, this curved horn 48 having a movable arc contact zone 50 capable of cooperating with a semi-fixed arcing contact 52.
  • the semi-fixed arcing contact 52 is carried by an elastic blade 54, constituted by an extension of the end plate 38.
  • the elastic blade 54 passes through an orifice formed in the electrode 46 and protrudes from the latter at a point close to the fixed contact 22, interposed between the latter contact 22 and the breaking chamber 30.
  • the elastic blade 54 and the semi-fixed contact 52 can be made of a copper-tellurium alloy or any other suitable material resistant to the action of an arc.
  • the pair of contacts 20, 22 and the pair of contacts 50, 52 are both closed, the current almost entirely passing through the path of least resistance, constituted by the contacts 20, 22, forming main contacts.
  • the semi - fixed contact 52 accompanies in a first phase the movable contact piece 42 in its movement thanks to the elasticity of the elastic blade 54 allowing separation of the main contacts 20, 22 without arc, the current being switched to the arcing circuit comprising the arcing contacts 50, 52 remaining in contact (fig. 2 ).
  • the elastic blade 54 is retained in abutment, so as to cause the separation of the arcing contacts 50, 52 with the formation of an arc.
  • the arc quickly switches over the guide electrode 46 to direct itself towards the breaking chamber 30 in the usual manner.
  • the arcing contacts 50, 52 close first, the main contacts 20, 22 being closed after deformation of the elastic blade 54 pushed back by the movable contact piece 42. It is easy to see that the main contacts 20, 22 open and close without an arc and are thereby freed from any risk of welding or erosion due to a closing or opening arc or spark.
  • the main contacts 20, 22 can therefore be made without contact pads.
  • the arcing contacts 50, 52 do not participate in the conduction of the permanent current and can be made of a material chosen for its properties of resistance to the action of the arcing.
  • the mechanism of the circuit breaker can be fully preserved, the only modification consisting in a slight increase in the pivoting stroke of the movable contact piece 42, corresponding to the deflection of the elastic blade 54.
  • the elastic blade 54 can be a piece independent of the end plate 38 of the same material or of a material different from the latter. In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the elastic strip 54 extends behind the electrode 46, forming a closed loop with the latter.
  • the inventive device takes advantage on the one hand of the presence of an arc horn 48 on the movable contact piece 42 to create an arc contact zone, and on the other hand, the presence of the electrode 46 for guiding the arc towards the breaking chamber 30 to insert a semi-fixed contact 52 serving of arc contact.
  • the structure and arrangement of the arcing contacts according to the invention allow conservation of the size of the circuit breaker.
  • the semi-fixed arcing contact 52 is carried by a part 56 which is elastically pivotally mounted by its end 58 opposite the arcing contact 52 on the plate 38.
  • the rigid part 56 extends in front of the electrode 46 and is urged elastically towards the projection of the electrode 46 in contact with the movable arcing contact 50 by a compression spring 60 bearing on the housing 10. The movement of the part 56 is limited by stops (not shown).
  • a braid 61 connects the part 56 to the conductor 24 to ensure a good electrical connection.
  • the material of the part 56 may be different from that of the end plate 38, and the articulation of the end 58 on plate 38 can be of any type.
  • the part 56 can be arranged as an arc guiding electrode and in this case replace the electrode 46.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another variant, in which the semi-fixed arcing contact 52 is carried by an extension 62 of the end plate 38, the extension 62 - plate 38 assembly being slidably mounted parallel to the rear face 34 to bring the semi-fixed arcing contact 52 closer or further apart from the movable contact 50.
  • a spring 64 urges the extension 62 - plate 38 assembly in the projecting position from the semi-fixed arcing contact 52.
  • the extension 62 can extend into a slot made in the electrode 46, but it is clear that this extension 62 can be arranged as an electrode for guiding the arc and replace the electrode 46.
  • the braid 61 electrically connects the conductor 24 to the free end of extension 62 to ensure a good electrical connection.
  • the operation of the circuit breaker according to FIG. 5 is the same as that described above.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Kleinselbstschalter mit einem schmalen Isoliergehäuse (10) mit Verbindungsklemmen (16, 18), die auf den schmalen Seitenflächen des Gehäuses angeordnet sind, mit einem auf der Vorderseite (12) angebrachten Betätigungsorgan (14) und mit einem auf der Rückseite (34) angeordneten Befestigungselement, wobei das genannte Isoliergehäuse trennbare Kontakte (20, 22) aufweist, die in einer Lichtbogenenstehungskammer untergebracht sind, eine Lichtbogenlöschkammer (30), zu welcher der bei Trennung der Kontakte (20, 22) gezogene Lichtbogen mittels Lichtbogenhörner (46, 48) geleitet wird, die mit den genannten Kontakten (20, 22) verbunden sind, einen Steuermechanismus (25) zum manuellen Öffnen und Schliessen der genannten Kontakte und ein elektromagnetischer (28) und/oder thermischer (26) Auslöser für eine automatische Öffnungssteuerung beim Auftreten eines Fehlers, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Kontakt (42) von einem in einem Stück gefertigten Teil, hauptsächlich aus Kupfer, gebildet wird, welches zwei Kontaktoberflächen (20, 50) aufweist, ohne Pastille, eine Haupt-Kontaktoberfläche (20) und eine Lichtbogen-Kontaktoberfläche (50), die zwischen der Haupt-Kontaktoberfläche und dem Lichtbogenhorn (48) eingefügt ist, und dass der feststehende Kontakt ein hauptsächlich aus Kupfer bestehendes Teil aufweist, welches eine Haupt-Kontaktoberfläche (22) besitzt, ohne Pastille, und ein elastisches Blatt oder Teil (54, 56, 62), das mit dem Kupferteil verbunden ist, welches eine Lichtbogen-Kontaktoberfläche (52) aufweist, ohne Pastille, und eingefügt zwischen die Haupt-Kontaktoberfläche (22) und das Lichtbogenhorn (46), wobei das elastische Blatt oder Teil (54, 56, 62) zu einer begrenzten Bewegung fähig ist, um den beweglichen Kontakt (42) während seines Öffnungsweges zu begleiten, um die Lichtbogenkontakte (50, 52) nach Trennung der Hauptkontakte (20, 22) zu öffnen.
2. Schalter gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das genannte elastische Blatt oder Teil (54, 56, 62), aus einem gegen die Lichtbogenwirkung widerstandsfähigen Material, das feststehende Lichtbogenhorn (46) bildet zur Führung des Lichtbogens zur Löschkammer (30) hin.
3. Schalter gemäss Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine nicht-oxydierende Beschichtung aus Silber, Zinn oder Zinn-Blei-Legierung die Haupt-Kontaktoberfläche (20, 22) bedeckt.
EP81401363A 1980-09-09 1981-08-31 Kleinstselbstschalter mit Lichtbogenkontakten Expired EP0047696B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81401363T ATE16868T1 (de) 1980-09-09 1981-08-31 Kleinstselbstschalter mit lichtbogenkontakten.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8019600A FR2490002A1 (fr) 1980-09-09 1980-09-09 Disjoncteur miniature a contacts d'arc
FR8019600 1980-09-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0047696A2 EP0047696A2 (de) 1982-03-17
EP0047696A3 EP0047696A3 (en) 1982-03-24
EP0047696B1 true EP0047696B1 (de) 1985-12-04

Family

ID=9245832

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81401363A Expired EP0047696B1 (de) 1980-09-09 1981-08-31 Kleinstselbstschalter mit Lichtbogenkontakten

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0047696B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE16868T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3173136D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8206905A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2490002A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9002197U1 (de) * 1990-02-24 1991-06-27 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2567323B1 (fr) * 1984-07-09 1988-03-11 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur electrique miniature a contacts multiples
FR2606547A1 (fr) * 1986-11-06 1988-05-13 Merlin Gerin Chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur electrique
FR2648613B1 (fr) * 1989-06-16 1991-09-13 Hager Electro Perfectionnement aux appareils electriques de coupure
DE19902715A1 (de) * 1999-01-25 2000-07-27 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrischer Leitungsschutzschalter

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1307576A (fr) * 1960-12-07 1962-10-26 Licentia Gmbh Interrupteur petit modèle, avec un contact à simple coupure
DE1219578B (de) * 1960-12-07 1966-06-23 Licentia Gmbh Selbstschalter in Schmalbauform mit Einfachunterbrechung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2555799A (en) * 1947-02-05 1951-06-05 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Electric switch
DE1169563B (de) * 1957-09-25 1964-05-06 Licentia Gmbh Elektrischer Leistungsschalter
FR79588E (de) * 1961-04-15 1963-03-29
US3309483A (en) * 1964-12-24 1967-03-14 Lowell W Bennett Spring loaded circuit breaker
US3585329A (en) * 1968-01-24 1971-06-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter with improved contact structure and arc-runner
DE2247478A1 (de) * 1972-09-28 1974-04-04 Ivan Bystrican Kontaktvorrichtung

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1307576A (fr) * 1960-12-07 1962-10-26 Licentia Gmbh Interrupteur petit modèle, avec un contact à simple coupure
DE1219578B (de) * 1960-12-07 1966-06-23 Licentia Gmbh Selbstschalter in Schmalbauform mit Einfachunterbrechung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9002197U1 (de) * 1990-02-24 1991-06-27 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3173136D1 (en) 1986-01-16
EP0047696A3 (en) 1982-03-24
ATE16868T1 (de) 1985-12-15
EP0047696A2 (de) 1982-03-17
ES505260A0 (es) 1982-08-16
FR2490002A1 (fr) 1982-03-12
ES8206905A1 (es) 1982-08-16
FR2490002B1 (de) 1983-07-01

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