EP3497362B1 - Insulation system - Google Patents

Insulation system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3497362B1
EP3497362B1 EP17754204.0A EP17754204A EP3497362B1 EP 3497362 B1 EP3497362 B1 EP 3497362B1 EP 17754204 A EP17754204 A EP 17754204A EP 3497362 B1 EP3497362 B1 EP 3497362B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
tank
foam
layers
impervious
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EP17754204.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3497362A1 (en
Inventor
Per Ivar NIKOLAISEN
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Lnt Marine Pte Ltd
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Lnt Marine Pte Ltd
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Priority to HRP20240287TT priority Critical patent/HRP20240287T1/hr
Publication of EP3497362A1 publication Critical patent/EP3497362A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/14—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of aluminium; constructed of non-magnetic steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F17C2203/035—Glass wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0621—Single wall with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0624—Single wall with four or more layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/225—Spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with the transportation of liquefied gases and particularly (but not exclusively) liquefied natural gas (LNG).
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the invention is concerned with a novel insulation arrangement for a particular type of LNG tank, known in the industry as an IMO type-C LNG tank.
  • Such tanks can be used to transport LNG as a cargo but can additionally be used as a fuel tank for ocean going vessels thus allowing LNG to be used to fuel a ship with consequential environmental benefits.
  • the invention may also be applied to other tanks for transporting cryogenic liquids such as liquefied propane gas (LPG) or liquefied ethylene gas (LEG).
  • cryogenic liquids such as liquefied propane gas (LPG) or liquefied ethylene gas (LEG).
  • a common tank that is used for LNG is a type C tank which is in the form of a sphere or cylinder acting as a pressure vessel to contain the LNG.
  • the rules stipulate a range of technical characteristics a tank must have in order for a tank to be certified as safe to use.
  • Cryogenic liquids such as LNG are transported / stored at extremely low temperatures i.e. minus 163 degrees C and these temperatures must be maintained to keep the gas in a liquid form.
  • One technique to insulate such a tank is to apply a sprayed on foam insulation to the outside of the tank.
  • foam insulation typically, polyurethane is applied or sprayed onto the exterior of the LNG tank.
  • Such spray foam materials are convenient to apply and cost effective and are very popular with ship constructors owing to the cost effective nature of the insulation that can be applied. It is also very easy to apply.
  • the combination of LNG type C tanks and spray foam insulation allows LNG to be safely transported either in large volumes as a cargo or as a fuel for a ship.
  • the present invention as described herein, provides an effective way to insulate a ship LNG fuel tank.
  • the new system and method further enhances the advantages of spray foam insulation and prolongs the insulation efficiency. It can also advantageously provide an added fire barrier to an LNG tank.
  • Examples of existing prior art include US 8,297,468 , which relates to holding vessels or fuel tanks for liquefied natural gas; and US 4,106,424 , which relates to large marine containers for storage of liquefied gases.
  • GB1516150A discloses thermally insulated containers for liquefied gas. GB1516150A does not disclose a first layer on the outer surface of a tank being a sprayed foam polyurethane layer comprising a plurality of individual polyurethane sub-layers, wherein the sub-layers have different densities.
  • KR20130053727A discloses a cargo tank building method for LPG..
  • a method of insulating a tank for containing liquefied gas comprising the steps of sequentially applying a plurality of layers to the outer surface of the tank, said sequential layers comprising:
  • an additional layer may be applied of: (C) an outer cladding layer applied to the second layer.
  • the above advantageously provides a multi-layered insulation system in which a foam layer is encapsulated or sealed between the tank itself and a further impervious layer.
  • a gas tight metallic vapour barrier may be provided to the first layer. This forms a vapour tight barrier around the foam and the tank which has not previously been conceived
  • the barrier is a metallic barrier providing the impervious property of the insulation system.
  • the metallic barrier may include a self-adhesive layer to connect it to the foam or may be applied with a separate adhesive.
  • a tank, foam insulating layer and impervious vapour barrier has not previously been considering and thus there is also provided a liquefied natural gas tank comprising a first foam layer surrounding the tank and a second impervious barrier surrounding the first foam layer.
  • an LNG fuel tank may be provided with a foam insulation and a barrier surrounding the foam which is impervious to vapour and liquids as will be discussed further herein.
  • the impervious barrier provides multiple advantages.
  • the impervious barrier prevents humidity from entering into the open cavities or cells within the foam layer itself which can damage and degrade the foam.
  • the inventor has established that such an impervious layer prevents the emission of CO 2 (also known as the blowing agent) and the ingress of air into the foam cells which advantageously prevents ageing or degradation of the foam layer.
  • CO 2 also known as the blowing agent
  • the blowing agent is used to expand the foam and remains in the cells after expansion. This might emigrate from the cells over time and reduce the thermal properties of the insulation.
  • Polyurethane (PU) foams are blown with a combination of CO 2 , obtained through the chemical reaction between precisely dosed quantities of water in the polyol blend and the isocyanate component, and with high molecular weight blowing agents such as hydrofluorocarbons (namely HFC-365mfc, HFC-227ea and/or HFC-245fa) and/or other fluorinated- or chlorofluorinated- olefins (namely HCFO-1233zd, HFO-1336mzz).
  • HFC-365mfc namely HFC-365mfc, HFC-227ea and/or HFC-245fa
  • other fluorinated- or chlorofluorinated- olefins namely HCFO-1233zd, HFO-1336mzz.
  • Other suitable blowing agents may also be used either at the present time or in the future.
  • a new combination of a foam layer with an impervious encapsulating layer significantly minimizes the ageing of the thermal properties of the insulation layer by both preventing the ingress of ambient air (oxygen) into the cells within the foam and the egress of CO 2 from inside the cells of the foam.
  • the present insulating layer significantly reduces polyurethane foam ageing thus substantially improving the operating life of insulation layers.
  • impervious is intended herein to refer to a layer that prevents gas and liquid from passing through the layer in either direction.
  • the first foam layer maybe applied to the tank surface using various techniques.
  • the foam layer may for example be applied using a spray-on technique using a spray gun. This allows the foam to be easily and quickly applied to large tank surfaces.
  • An expanded polyurethane foam is particularly convenient to apply in this manner.
  • the foam layer may be a premix of polyol and isocyanate.
  • the foam layer may be a single layer of foam in some applications. However, to maximise the insulating properties the foam layer may be formed of a plurality of individual polyurethane sub-layers, each applied over a preceding layer.
  • the sub-layers may be any suitable thickness.
  • the foam layer may be formed of a plurality of sub-layers, each layer being between 5mm and 35mm in thickness.
  • the total thickness may be 300mm measured from the tank outer wall
  • a sub-layer closer to the tank may have a density greater than 50kg/m 3 and a subsequent layer may have a density greater than 40 kg/m 3 . It has been established by the inventor that such a combination of layers and differing densities optimised the insulation properties and mechanical strength of the insulating layer. Both are of importance in an LNG application.
  • the densities of the foam layers may be substantially the same. This simplifies the application process and provides a uniform density of foam.
  • thermal performance can be further enhanced if the first 50mm of foam layer measured from the tank surface has a density of greater than 50kg/m 3 and the remaining depth of the foam layer has a density greater than 40kg/m 3 .
  • the layer may be provided with glass fibres within the foam. This may be incorporated into the sprayed polyurethane mix or may be applied as one or more mesh layers. This advantageously acts as a crack preventer.
  • a polyurethane primer is applied to the tank before the foam is applied. This improves the bonding strength between the foam and the tank surface.
  • the impervious layer is impervious to gas and liquid but specifically prevents air from penetrating into and CO 2 from diffusing out of the cells of the foam.
  • the impervious layer may advantageously be an aluminium foil with a polymeric backing layer and an optional self-adhesive coating.
  • Such a combination of aluminium foil and polymeric backing provides the desired impervious quality in combination with flexibility and ease of application to the outer surface of the foam layer. Thus a vapour tight barrier is formed.
  • the polymeric layer advantageously self-seals if punctured because of the elastic nature of the material.
  • the integrity of the impervious seal is not compromised if the layer is accidentally punctured.
  • the impervious layer may use a polymeric backing layer such as butyl rubber.
  • the impervious layer may further be provided with a self-adhesive layer facing the foam side of the impervious layer to provide a bonding surface to hold the layer in position against the foam.
  • the insulating layer may further be enhanced with the inclusion of an optional fire retardant layer or coating.
  • a third fire retardant layer may be provided between the impervious layer and the outer cladding.
  • This fire retardant layer may be a mineral wool layer such as a stone wool / mineral wool fire retardant layer.
  • Other similar A60 fire retardant or insulating layers may also be used.
  • the outer layer of the insulating system may advantageously be in the form of an aluminium, galvanised steel or stainless steel layer surrounding the preceding layer. This may for example be installed as a plurality of panels or rings which tessellate to encapsulate the preceding layers.
  • the cladding provides structural strength to the insulating system and protects the inner layers. In effect the outer cladding layer and tank wall create a cavity in which the insulating foam, impervious layer and fire retardant are securely contained and protected.
  • cryogenic transport tank including, for example, an IMO type-C tank.
  • an IMO type-C tank comprising an outer insulation layer, said layer comprising:
  • the tank may be provided with a further layer around layer (B), namely: (C) a third cladding layer surrounding the second layer.
  • Such a tank may further comprise an optional third fire retardant layer between the second impervious layer and the cladding layer as described above.
  • coating is used herein to refer to a layer including, but not limited to, an aluminium foil with a butyl rubber layer attached thereto.
  • a further aspect of an invention described herein extends to an ocean going vessel (such as a cryogenic transport ship) in accordance with claim 15.
  • Figure 1 shows an LNG tank 1 incorporating an insulation system as described herein.
  • Such a tank 1 comprises an inner tank body 2 which in figure 1 is generally cylindrical but other shapes may equally benefit from the insulation system described herein.
  • the tank body comprises supports 3 (only 1 being shown) which are the means of supporting the tank on the ship's deck/structure.
  • the insulation layer comprises 4 main layers each with different properties and thickness:
  • each layer surrounds the preceding layer with the tank 2 housed within the insulation system.
  • the outer layer 8 may be applied directly onto layer 6.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the insulation system shown in figure 1 .
  • the main thickness of the insulation system is the polyurethane layer.
  • a polyurethane primer is applied to the outer surface of the tank 2 to assist in bonding the polyurethane foam layer 5 to the tank 2.
  • the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment described below which provides an IMO type-C tank with an average thermal conductivity K-Value of approx. 0.085W/m2 K and has an overall insulation thickness 300mm of PU foam and 50mm of Rockwool fire retardant wool. This represents just one example of the application of the invention.
  • the foam applied is a premix of polyol and isocyanate manufactured by Tagos Srl These components are brought together and sprayed to the tank surface through a conventional spray gun.
  • a polyurethane primer is applied to the tank surface prior to the foam application to improve the bonding strength between the foam and the tank surface.
  • the foam is sprayed to the tank surface in several layers to build up the total specified insulation thickness of approximately 300mm.
  • the thickness for each layer is 5 to 35 mm.
  • the first 50mm of the foam has a density of 60 kg/m 3 and the remaining 250 mm a density of 40 kg/m 3 .
  • the foam density variation will be obtained by utilizing different polyol formulations having the correct specification of free-rise and installed applied foam density. Alternatively, to simplify installation a single density could be used for all foam layers, however, this example is not covered by the appended claims.
  • a aluminium foil with a butyl rubber backing is applied all over the foam's outer surface to form a vapor tight barrier.
  • This may be using a self-adhesive layer on the metal or using a separate adhesive.
  • the vapor barrier will self-close or seal in the event of an accidental puncture by virtue of the elasticity of the backing.
  • the metal cladding may be selected from a range of materials and thicknesses.
  • the cladding is 0.6mm thick stainless steel (SS 316L).
  • Metal strapping band to be applied in a sufficient pattern circumferential and longitudinal around the tank to make a fixation arrangement for the metal cladding.
  • the metal cladding is fixed with overlapping joints to the strapping band by use of pop rivets or screws.
  • Each joint between cladding sheets are salad with sealant.
  • an insulation layer similar to an A60 fire insulation layer may be applied all over the impervious layer surface and fastened by conventional steel strapping bands.
  • a suitable material is manufactured by Rockwool. The thickness may be between 3-to 80mm.
  • the 0.6mm SS 316L cladding is then applied outside the Rockwool insulation fixed to the strapping band outside the Rockwool.
  • the metal cladding and the fire blankets provide integrated fire and mechanical protection.
  • a Glass Reinforced Polyester to be applied on the outer surface of the stainless steel cladding.
  • the thickness of the GRP may be >2mm and this protects the stainless steel from the effects of seawater in cases where the tank is located on the deck of a ship.
  • Each of the layers is applied so as to surround the preceding layer.
  • the insulation system maintains the LNG at the required low terriperature. inside the tank 2.
  • a fuel or cargo tank on an ocean going vessel incorporating this system exhibits improved operational life and reliability owing to the fact that the insulating foam layer does not degrade as is the case with conventional insulation systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP17754204.0A 2016-08-09 2017-08-09 Insulation system Active EP3497362B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HRP20240287TT HRP20240287T1 (hr) 2016-08-09 2017-08-09 Izolacijski sustav

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1613693.9A GB2555773B (en) 2016-08-09 2016-08-09 LNG Tank insulation system comprising polyurethane foam and impervious coating
PCT/IB2017/054863 WO2018029613A1 (en) 2016-08-09 2017-08-09 Insulation system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3497362A1 EP3497362A1 (en) 2019-06-19
EP3497362B1 true EP3497362B1 (en) 2024-02-14

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17754204.0A Active EP3497362B1 (en) 2016-08-09 2017-08-09 Insulation system

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3497362B1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2973509T3 (pl)
GB (1) GB2555773B (pl)
HR (1) HRP20240287T1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3497362T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2018029613A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO346027B1 (en) * 2020-07-09 2022-01-10 Lnt Marine Pte Ltd Method for applying insulation to a combined cylindrical tank, a combined cylindrical tank and use thereof
CN112660630A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-16 酷泰克保温科技江苏有限公司 一种超大型低温液灌绝缘层加工工艺

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1516150A (en) * 1974-09-20 1978-06-28 Nihon Soflan Chem & Eng Co Ltd Thermally insulated containers for liquefied gas
JPH0726718B2 (ja) * 1986-05-06 1995-03-29 三菱重工業株式会社 ロケツトタンク軽量断熱構造体
KR20130053727A (ko) * 2011-11-16 2013-05-24 현대중공업 주식회사 Ｌｐｇ 선박의 카고 탱크에 대한 시공방법

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3655086A (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-04-11 Cryotan Inc Receptacles for the storage of liquefied gases at cryogenic temperatures
US4106424A (en) * 1977-05-26 1978-08-15 General Dynamics Corporation Insulated marine container for liquefied gas
US8297468B1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2012-10-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Fuel tank for liquefied natural gas
CN201228850Y (zh) * 2008-07-10 2009-04-29 上海海事大学 一种液化天然气绝热保温装置
JP2017075636A (ja) * 2015-10-14 2017-04-20 株式会社フォームテック メンブレン型液化ガスタンク防熱壁用の断熱パネル

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1516150A (en) * 1974-09-20 1978-06-28 Nihon Soflan Chem & Eng Co Ltd Thermally insulated containers for liquefied gas
JPH0726718B2 (ja) * 1986-05-06 1995-03-29 三菱重工業株式会社 ロケツトタンク軽量断熱構造体
KR20130053727A (ko) * 2011-11-16 2013-05-24 현대중공업 주식회사 Ｌｐｇ 선박의 카고 탱크에 대한 시공방법

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2018029613A1 (en) 2018-02-15
EP3497362A1 (en) 2019-06-19
HRP20240287T1 (hr) 2024-05-24
ES2973509T3 (es) 2024-06-20
PL3497362T3 (pl) 2024-07-01
GB2555773B (en) 2019-06-12
GB2555773A (en) 2018-05-16

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