EP3493235A1 - Vakuumlampe für elektrisches stromunterbrechungsgerät - Google Patents

Vakuumlampe für elektrisches stromunterbrechungsgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3493235A1
EP3493235A1 EP18205346.2A EP18205346A EP3493235A1 EP 3493235 A1 EP3493235 A1 EP 3493235A1 EP 18205346 A EP18205346 A EP 18205346A EP 3493235 A1 EP3493235 A1 EP 3493235A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum
cover
vacuum bulb
contact area
bulb according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18205346.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3493235B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Newinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP3493235A1 publication Critical patent/EP3493235A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3493235B1 publication Critical patent/EP3493235B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/6606—Terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/125—Load break switches comprising a separate circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6646—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having non flat disc-like contact surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/66215—Details relating to the soldering or brazing of vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/66223—Details relating to the sealing of vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2203/00—Form of contacts
    • H01H2203/024—Convex contact surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2207/00—Connections
    • H01H2207/026—Pressure contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2223/00—Casings
    • H01H2223/01—Mounting on appliance
    • H01H2223/024—Screw
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66238—Specific bellows details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum interrupter for isolating an electrical circuit in an electrical switchgear operating at medium voltage or high voltage, that is to say operating at a voltage greater than 1000V.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical cutting apparatus comprising such a vacuum bulb for at least one of its phases.
  • electrical switchgear is used interchangeably as several types of electrical devices such as a switch, a circuit breaker, a contactor, a fuse switch, a disconnector, a recloser, etc.
  • An electrical apparatus for medium voltage or high voltage breaking of the type described for example in the document EP2182536 which is incorporated by reference herein, includes a vacuum interrupter which is placed not in the main circuit of the main switch of a phase of the electrical breaking apparatus, but in a parallel branch thereof. main circuit.
  • a vacuum interrupter which is placed not in the main circuit of the main switch of a phase of the electrical breaking apparatus, but in a parallel branch thereof. main circuit.
  • main circuit In normal operation when the main switch is closed, no current flows into the branch containing the vacuum bulb. It is requested only during an opening operation of the main circuit, with the aid of an opening mechanism of the main switch which makes it possible to switch the current progressively from the main circuit to the bypass, so as to to open the main switch while the current flows completely through the vacuum bulb. Only when the main switch is open will the vacuum bulb then move from the closed position to the open position using the opening mechanism. This avoids the occurrence of an electric arc cut at the main switch during the opening operation.
  • the vacuum bulb is traversed by a current only during the opening phase of the main phase circuit, and not when the main switch is closed.
  • the bulb is not solicited during a closing operation of the main circuit and it does not have to support any short-circuit current. It just needs to be able to handle a transient voltage Transient Recovery Voltage (TRV) after power failure in the main circuit.
  • TRV transient voltage Transient Recovery Voltage
  • the vacuum bulb can advantageously be simplified and designed much smaller in size compared to a conventional architecture in which the vacuum bulb is for example placed in the main circuit of the electrical cut-off device.
  • a vacuum bottle could have a transverse diameter of about 50 mm for a voltage of 24 kV and the opening distance between the electrodes would be of the order of 7 to 12 mm.
  • reducing the size of the vacuum bulb potentially leads to greater dielectric stress than a larger vacuum bulb.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to design a reduced-size vacuum bulb which is able to overcome the dielectric constraints due to the reduction of its dimensions.
  • the invention also aims to design a vacuum bulb that is as simple and economical as possible.
  • a vacuum interrupter for an electrical switchgear comprising a cylindrical body of insulating material closed at each end by respectively a first cover and a second metal cover, the vacuum interrupter comprising a moving electrode which passes through the first cover and which cooperates with a fixed electrode between a closed position in which the two electrodes are in contact with each other and an open position in which the two electrodes are separated.
  • the second cover corresponds to the fixed electrode of the vacuum interrupter and the second cover is extended by advances intended to be directly connected with a conductive bar belonging to a pole of the electrical switching device.
  • the second cover comprises a central fixed contact zone having the shape of a spherical cap turned towards the inside of the vacuum ampoule.
  • the movable electrode comprises a movable contact zone of rounded shape situated opposite the fixed contact zone.
  • the fixed contact area has a radius of curvature greater than that of the movable contact area.
  • the second lid is made of stainless steel.
  • the vacuum interrupter comprises a metal fastening flange between the cylindrical tube and the second cover.
  • the second lid also comprises a concentric recess, directed towards the inside of the vacuum bottle and placed between the central contact zone and an external zone for fixing the lid to the cylindrical tube.
  • the vacuum interrupter comprises a metal screen of circular cross-section surrounding the movable contact zone and which has an end fixed to the second cover and an opposite end which is free.
  • the free end of the screen has a loop facing the inside of the vacuum bulb.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical cut-off device comprising such a vacuum interrupter for at least one of the phases, the vacuum interrupter being placed in the bypass of a main circuit of at least one phase of the electrical apparatus of cut.
  • a vacuum interrupter 10 comprises a substantially cylindrical tube-shaped body 11 made of insulating material, preferably ceramic, whose two ends are closed respectively by a first metal cover 14 and a second metal cover 20.
  • the tube 11 and the covers 14, 20 delimit an internal break chamber 15 in which it is possible to evacuate.
  • the vacuum bottle 10 comprises a conductive electrode 12 (also called conductive rod) which passes through the first cover 14 and ends in the breaking chamber 15 by a first contact zone 13.
  • This electrode 12 is movable along a longitudinal axis X of the vacuum bulb 10 and, in known manner, is driven by a mechanism not shown in the figures.
  • a sealing bellows 16 partially surrounds the movable electrode 12 to allow the longitudinal displacement of the electrode 12 while preserving the sealing of the breaking chamber 15 vis-à-vis the outside.
  • a vacuum interrupter also comprises in the breaking chamber 15 a fixed electrode comprising a fixed contact zone, which is arranged in such a way that the moving electrode 12 can move between a so-called closed position in which the fixed electrode and the movable electrode are in contact with each other via their respective contact area so that a current can flow through the vacuum bottle 10, and a so-called open position in which the two electrodes are separated.
  • the second cover 20 corresponds to the fixed electrode of the vacuum bottle 10. It is the second cover 20 which serves as a fixed electrode and which is therefore directly in contact with the mobile electrode 12 when the vacuum bulb is in the closed position.
  • the second cover 20 advantageously serves a dual function: sealing one of the two ends of the vacuum bottle 10 and ensuring electrical contact with the movable electrode 12. Thanks to the invention, it reduces the number of parts used in the manufacture of the vacuum bulb 10, since there is no longer a need for a fixed electrode as such. This solution is therefore simpler and more economical.
  • the appearance of a transient recovery voltage causes a high electric field in some regions of a vacuum bulb with ridges. In this case, this problem is increased due to the small dimensions of the vacuum bulb.
  • the movable contact area 13 of the movable electrode 12 is not flat as in the usual solutions but is rounded in shape, so as to avoid sharp corners and edges. This solution makes it possible to avoid peaks and gives a better distribution of the electric field over a larger part of the movable contact zone 13.
  • the movable contact zone 13 has, for example, a dome which can be partially spherical or elliptical, as indicated in the figures.
  • the transverse diameter of the movable contact zone 13 that is to say the diameter of a cross section according to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X, is generally greater than the transverse diameter of the remainder of the movable electrode 12, so that the movable contact zone 13 forms a kind of protrusion (or a ball) at the end of the mobile electrode 12.
  • the second cover 20 comprises a contact zone 23, called a fixed contact zone, which can be substantially circular and which occupies the central part of the second cover 20 around the longitudinal axis X.
  • This fixed contact zone 23 is situated opposite the movable contact zone 13 of the mobile electrode 12 so as to be able to open and close the vacuum interrupter 10.
  • the fixed contact zone 23 has a rounded shape turned towards the interior of the vacuum bottle 10, for example a spherical cap shape whose radius of curvature, that is to say the radius of a longitudinal section along a plane passing through the longitudinal axis X , is large and greater than the radius of curvature of the movable contact zone 13 facing it, which allows a better dielectric strength.
  • the second cover 20 is made of stainless steel which is a conductive metal, economical, and which moreover has an impact resistance which is greater than that of copper and sufficient to be able to absorb shock during contact. with the mobile electrode 12.
  • the movable electrode 12 can also be made of stainless steel.
  • the second cover 20 may also have particular shapes, such as a recess 22 directed towards the inside of the vacuum bottle 10 and for example substantially V-shaped such as indicated in the figures. This recess 22 is concentric, placed between the central stationary contact zone 23 around the longitudinal axis X and the external zone for fixing the lid 20 to the cylindrical tube 11.
  • the vacuum bottle 10 may comprise a fastening flange 25 which is placed between one end of the cylinder 11 and the second cover 20.
  • This fastening flange 25 is in the form of a torus and is preferably made of copper, which makes it possible, on the one hand, to fix it by brazing to the tube 11 and, on the other hand, to braze it easily against the outer periphery of the second lid 20 without inducing stress, makes the ductility of the copper after passing high temperature in the oven.
  • the fastening flange 25 also makes it possible to center the cover 20 by means of the recess 22 which is arranged to be positioned just inside the flange 25.
  • the vacuum bottle 10 also includes a metal shield 17, one end of which is attached to the second cover 20.
  • This shield 17 has a circular cross-section and extends along the longitudinal axis X so as to surrounding the movable contact zone 13. It comprises on one side a first end which is thus soldered to the flange 25 and the tube 11 and on the opposite side an end which is free.
  • Other secondary screens not shown are also conceivable, such as a screen protecting the bellows 16.
  • the invention also provides that the free end of the screen 17 ends with a loop 19 which avoids having an edge on this free end.
  • This loop 19 is preferably oriented towards the inside of the bulb.
  • the second cover 20 is extended on two opposite sides by projections 21 which are intended to be directly in contact with a conductive bar 29 belonging to a pole of the electrical switchgear in which the vacuum interrupter 10 is installed, in particular to the branch circuit of a pole if the vacuum bulb is placed in a branch in parallel of the main circuit of the electric switchgear.
  • the advances 21 are perpendicular to the cover 20 and the metal bar 29 is fixed to the projections 21 of the second cover 20 for example by means of a screw 27 passing through the bar 29 and introduced by two orifices 24 of the projections 21.
  • the vacuum bottle 10 can thus be very easily electrically connected bypassing the main circuit of at least one of the phases of the electrical switchgear.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
EP18205346.2A 2017-12-04 2018-11-09 Vakuumlampe für elektrisches stromunterbrechungsgerät Active EP3493235B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1761585A FR3074607A1 (fr) 2017-12-04 2017-12-04 Ampoule a vide pour appareil electrique de coupure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3493235A1 true EP3493235A1 (de) 2019-06-05
EP3493235B1 EP3493235B1 (de) 2021-10-06

Family

ID=61599345

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18205346.2A Active EP3493235B1 (de) 2017-12-04 2018-11-09 Vakuumlampe für elektrisches stromunterbrechungsgerät

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US10614980B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3493235B1 (de)
CN (1) CN109920691B (de)
FR (1) FR3074607A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021170330A1 (de) * 2020-02-27 2021-09-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrisches betriebsmittel und verfahren zum schalten eines elektrischen betriebsmittels
DE102020204315A1 (de) 2020-04-02 2021-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre mit feststehendem und bewegbaren Schaltstück und Schaltstück sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Vakuumschaltröhre oder eines Schaltstücks

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111613477B (zh) * 2020-05-20 2022-04-15 宁波益舜电气有限公司 屏蔽筒及其生产工艺
DE102020212377A1 (de) * 2020-09-30 2022-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kompakte Vakuumschaltröhre

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3803778A1 (de) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-17 Licentia Gmbh Vakuumschaltkammer
DE4011194A1 (de) * 1990-04-04 1990-08-02 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschaltkammer
US5168139A (en) * 1988-09-22 1992-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Load-break switch having a vacuum interrupter and method of operation
WO1993011552A1 (de) * 1991-12-03 1993-06-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschalter
DE4401356A1 (de) * 1994-01-14 1995-07-20 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltröhre mit speziellem Stromanschluß
DE19933111A1 (de) * 1999-07-15 2001-01-18 Abb Patent Gmbh Vakuumkammer und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Vakuumkammer

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JPS518178B1 (de) * 1970-06-08 1976-03-15
US4492837A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-01-08 General Electric Company Guide means for the movable contact rod of a vacuum interrupter
DE10005461C2 (de) * 2000-02-08 2002-01-03 Siemens Ag Herstellungsverfahren für ein elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät, z. B. ein Schütz
US7781694B2 (en) * 2007-06-05 2010-08-24 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum fault interrupter
CN101359549B (zh) * 2008-09-28 2012-01-11 北京京东方真空电器有限责任公司 真空开关管
EP2434513B1 (de) * 2010-09-24 2019-04-17 ABB Schweiz AG Vakuumstromunterbrecher für eine Schutzschalteranordnung
KR20120090698A (ko) * 2011-02-08 2012-08-17 엘에스산전 주식회사 진공회로차단기의 진공인터럽터
CN102820176B (zh) * 2012-08-14 2015-03-25 河南平高电气股份有限公司 一种双动式高压六氟化硫断路器及其双动传动装置
CN102931024A (zh) * 2012-11-21 2013-02-13 正泰电气股份有限公司 一种仿真真空灭弧室功能装置
JP6382069B2 (ja) * 2014-10-30 2018-08-29 株式会社日立産機システム スイッチギヤ
CN205050770U (zh) * 2015-10-09 2016-02-24 维龙（镇江）电工研究院有限公司 三工位直动型负荷开关单相模块
CN205920932U (zh) * 2016-08-08 2017-02-01 江苏瀚晨电气科技有限公司 真空断路器灭弧室结构

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3803778A1 (de) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-17 Licentia Gmbh Vakuumschaltkammer
US5168139A (en) * 1988-09-22 1992-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Load-break switch having a vacuum interrupter and method of operation
DE4011194A1 (de) * 1990-04-04 1990-08-02 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschaltkammer
WO1993011552A1 (de) * 1991-12-03 1993-06-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschalter
DE4401356A1 (de) * 1994-01-14 1995-07-20 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltröhre mit speziellem Stromanschluß
DE19933111A1 (de) * 1999-07-15 2001-01-18 Abb Patent Gmbh Vakuumkammer und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Vakuumkammer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021170330A1 (de) * 2020-02-27 2021-09-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrisches betriebsmittel und verfahren zum schalten eines elektrischen betriebsmittels
DE102020204315A1 (de) 2020-04-02 2021-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre mit feststehendem und bewegbaren Schaltstück und Schaltstück sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Vakuumschaltröhre oder eines Schaltstücks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109920691B (zh) 2022-10-28
US10614980B2 (en) 2020-04-07
US20190172665A1 (en) 2019-06-06
EP3493235B1 (de) 2021-10-06
CN109920691A (zh) 2019-06-21
FR3074607A1 (fr) 2019-06-07

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