EP3485125B1 - Protection contre l'inondation pour bouches à air souterraines - Google Patents

Protection contre l'inondation pour bouches à air souterraines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3485125B1
EP3485125B1 EP17828571.4A EP17828571A EP3485125B1 EP 3485125 B1 EP3485125 B1 EP 3485125B1 EP 17828571 A EP17828571 A EP 17828571A EP 3485125 B1 EP3485125 B1 EP 3485125B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
hinge
panels
passage
end plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17828571.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3485125A4 (fr
EP3485125C0 (fr
EP3485125A1 (fr
Inventor
Louis A. Waters, Jr.
Nick Alan EASTMAN
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Floodbreak LLC
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Floodbreak LLC
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3485125A1 publication Critical patent/EP3485125A1/fr
Publication of EP3485125A4 publication Critical patent/EP3485125A4/fr
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Publication of EP3485125B1 publication Critical patent/EP3485125B1/fr
Publication of EP3485125C0 publication Critical patent/EP3485125C0/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B2009/007—Flood panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to blocking flooding water from entering underground ventilation passages.
  • Underground storm waters entering and flooding underground tunnels and chambers through ventilation ducts connecting the underground chambers or tunnels to air at ground surface affect without limitation, underground transportation tunnels for road vehicles, trains, and subways, and underground chambers, such as associated with a complex of connecting tunnels and shafts, for example as used for such things as underground hydroelectric-power plants, or with underground utilities which require ventilation, such as underground transformer rooms.
  • ventilation ducts or shafts are incorporated into subway systems near stations to exhaust stale pushed air as the train nears a station and to pull in fresh outside air as a train leaves a station, also reducing the "piston effect" of air being forced through the tunnels at high speeds by moving trains.
  • a ventilation duct communicates from an underground tunnel and terminates in a ventilation shaft structure below grade level that opens to the atmosphere at grade level such as a sidewalk where the opening is covered by a subway grating.
  • Subways have systems for handling water. When it rains, water runs down stairwells, onto platforms and thence onto tracks, and some gets in the ventilation systems through the surface gratings. Drains beneath the tracks pipe water to underground sumps in pump rooms next to the subway tracks. Pumps pull the water up to pressure relief manholes open to the atmosphere at street level; from there the water drains under gravity flow into city storm sewers. The problem is that in heavy rains, storm sewers are overwhelmed and flush water back into the streets, flooding the streets with water inundates sidewalks and pours down through subway gratings into the ventilation system thence into the tunnels and onto the tracks.
  • the pumping system can only return water to the flooded street; from there the water reenters the flood pool pouring into the ventilation system, defeating the pumping system as a means of controlling subway flooding.
  • the problem is especially acute in cities like New York and Lower Manhattan, which is low-lying, vulnerable to storm surges and dotted with grade-level gratings, stairwells and other points of entry for running water into the subways.
  • WO 2015/051352 describes apparatus for allowing ventilation as usual for underground tunnels through a ventilation shaft opening to atmosphere yet preventing underground flooding from surface waters pouring through the grate.
  • the apparatus comprises an assembly that fits within the ventilation shaft and includes one or more panels held in an upright home position that allows ventilation as usual but is releasable to rotationally gravitate to a lower sealing position closing a passage between the ventilation shaft and atmosphere to prevent water from entering the underground tunnels.
  • a panel position indicator moves from a hidden position to a visible position with lowering of the panels to visually signify that the panels are lowered and that flooding protection is activated.
  • apparatus for installation in a ventilation shaft already fluidly communicating between an atmospheric opening and an underground ventilation duct allows the ventilation when there is no treat of flooding and on threat of flooding is manually operable to close ventilation from the atmospheric opening and prevent downward flow into the underground ventilation duct of surface water entering the atmospheric opening.
  • perpendicular means substantially at a right angle to a reference to a degree that if not absolutely a right angle will not materially adversely affect the arrangement and function of the element described as perpendicular.
  • vertical or “vertically” include but are not limited to literal vertical and generally mean oriented up and down with respect to the earth's horizon to a degree that if not absolutely vertical will not materially adversely affect the function of the element described as vertical.
  • horizontal or “horizontally” include but are not limited to literal horizontal and generally mean not out of level with respect to the earth's horizon to a degree that will materially adversely affect the function of the element described as horizontal.
  • the first mentioned component is identified by a given reference numeral
  • the second such component is the same reference number marked with an apostrophe
  • panel handle 259 identifies a first mentioned component
  • the second such like component is identified as “panel handle 259' ".
  • the embodied concepts are described in reference to a specific ventilation environment.
  • the exemplary application is for a subway system.
  • the atmospheric opening through which flooding waters enter has a rectilinear shape, as for grating covered grade level sidewalk openings for subway ventilation systems, which at least in New York City typically are rectangular.
  • the detailed descriptions of specific embodiments relate to a rectilinear shape and for a particular environment, the invention does not require that the opening be rectilinear or that embodiments of the invention conform to a rectilinear shape or that the atmospheric opening be at grade level.
  • the elements of the invention can be configured to fit within downwardly vertically projected dimensions of any ventilation shaft surface opening serving any underground tunnel, chamber, room or other underground structure, whether rectilinear, circular or oval or some other shape.
  • the passage closing position is one in which the panel or panels of the embodiments are horizontal.
  • the concept of the invention is not limited to this disposition. Restrains or stops for stopping panel lowering may be positioned to stop the downward travel above horizontal and still close a ventilation passage.
  • the described embodiments are non-limiting illustrations of examples in which the concepts of the invention may be implemented.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the invention comprise a ventilation shaft manual closure assembly.
  • Support for the exemplary assembly embodiment includes opposed lateral sidewalls for arrangement in a vertical ventilation shaft to an underground ventilation duct fluidly communicating through the ventilation shaft to an atmospheric opening of the shaft.
  • the atmospheric opening may be cylindrical and the support cylindrical.
  • the atmospheric opening may be rectilinear and the support quadrilateral. As mentioned, in the exemplary embodiments, the atmospheric opening is rectilinear.
  • the support inclusive of the lateral sidewalls is sized to internally fit in the vertical shaft between the ventilation duct and the atmospheric opening.
  • the support has horizontal flanges transverse to the sidewalls for projection across a top of the shaft to hang the support in the shaft.
  • the support defines a passage between top and bottom openings of the support for fluid communication of the ventilation duct up through the support to the atmospheric opening.
  • one or more downwardly rotatable panels may be used, mounted in an upright home position not obstructing the ventilation passage that fluidly communicates the underground ventilation duct with the atmospheric opening of the ventilation shaft, to allow ventilation as usual when there is no flooding threat.
  • a single panel is mounted in the home position to a side of such a passage to alone gravitationally fall from home position to a passage closing position across the entirety of the passage to protect the underground ventilation duct from flooding.
  • a pair of panels is mounted on opposite sides of the passage, to gravitationally fall from home position down toward each other to passage closing positions to combine to close the passage.
  • a pair of panels is mounted centrally in the passage for rotation of the panels in directions opposite each other from the home position to a lower passage closing position.
  • the manual closure assembly comprises one or more panels having proximal and distal ends, a top side and a bottom side.
  • the proximal end connects with a horizontal hinge having an axis perpendicular to the opposed lateral sidewalls for manual rotation of a panel upwardly to an upright home position not obstructing the passage and rotation from the home position downwardly solely by gravitational impetus of its own weight to reach a lower passage closing position.
  • the one or more panels have a profile that closes the passage when each panel gravitationally rotates to the passage closing position.
  • At least one restraint limits the downward rotation of each panel to the lower passage closing position.
  • the restraint may be one or more foldable or flexible members anchored at one end to an upper portion of a suspension member (next mentioned) and fastened at the other end to the topside of a panel, or it may comprise one or more stops that do not obstruct the passage and that are located within and connected to the support proximate the bottom opening.
  • adjacent sidewalls include a base having rounded corners with a first radius of curvature and in which the distal portions of the panels have rounded corners with a radius of curvature substantially the same as the first radius of curvature of the sidewall corners they sweep when rotating to the passage closing position.
  • the panels include seals for sealing the passage in the passage closing position.
  • a suspension member unobstructively horizontally spans the passage proximate the support top opening and holds the one or more hinge connected panels in the passage.
  • the suspension member is liftingly removably supported on the opposed lateral sidewalls proximate the support top and bottom openings.
  • the suspension member has at least one handle connected to the suspension member for holding the suspension member to move it vertically into or out from the supports on the opposed lateral sidewalls.
  • the suspension member may comprise a single unitary vertically extending member holding the horizontal hinge and the panels connected to the hinge, or may comprise a beam having vertically hung straps holding the horizontal hinge and the panels connected to the hinge.
  • the horizontal hinge comprises a hinge mounting member held by the suspension member and a plurality of hinge members mounted on the hinge mounting member.
  • each hinge member comprises a stationary member, a moveable member and a hinge pin interconnecting the stationary and moveable members, the stationary member connecting to the hinge mounting member, and the moveable hinge member connecting to the proximal end of a panel.
  • the horizontal hinge may also comprise a continuous hinge, sometimes called a piano hinge, or any other hinge comprising a moveable joint that connects two linked panels and on which the panels raise and lower.
  • the suspension member is liftingly removably supported centrally between the opposed lateral sidewalls, and suspends a pair of panels in the ventilation passage for rotation of the panels in directions opposite each other from or to said upright home position.
  • the atmospheric opening is rectilinear and said support is quadrilateral, the opposing sidewalls each attach centrally in the ventilation passage adjacent the top opening of the shaft a cradle having a pair of spaced apart parallel vertical arms above and optionally connecting to and standing upright on a bar, optionally a horizontal bar, for liftingly removably receiving and supporting the beam within such vertical arms and on the bar.
  • a quadrilateral support has at least one indicator on at least one sidewall adjacent the opposed lateral sidewalls to indicate where structure on a panel is located below the indicator.
  • the suspension member has ends each of which bears a key extending laterally past a side of the suspension member and each cradle is keyed to receive the key only in one arm of the cradle so a the panel having that structure is located below the indicator
  • such centrally supported suspension member may comprise a beam having vertically hung straps holding the horizontal hinge and the panels connected with said horizontal hinge.
  • Such beam has ends, lateral sides between the beam ends, and a quadrilateral beam end plate attached to each beam end.
  • Each beam end plate has lateral sides extending laterally past the lateral sides of the beam ends.
  • the cradles each comprise a vertical included right angle between vertical mutually perpendicular projections of the vertical arm, one projection of each vertical arm attaching to one of the opposed sidewalls. The other projection of each vertical arm is unattached to such one sidewall.
  • Such unattached projections and the included right angles of the vertical arms face each other.
  • the attached projections are spaced apart sufficiently for vertically receiving the beam end plate within the pair of vertical arms.
  • one side of the lateral sides of each beam end plate extends laterally further than the other lateral side of such beam end plate, and one unattached projection of one vertical arm of a cradle has a length longer than the unattached projection of the other vertical arm of that cradle for accepting the lateral side of the beam end plate that extends further than the other lateral side of that beam end plate, thereby to receive the beam end plate within the pair of vertical arms.
  • the quadrilateral support has at least one indicator on at least one sidewall adjacent the opposed lateral sidewalls.
  • the indicator indicates that certain structure on a panel is to be located below the indicator.
  • the longer side of the beam end plates and the longer inset of the vertical arms accepting only the longer side of the end plates allow the beam to be horizontally placed in the cradles only in an orientation placing the particular panel having that structure below the indicator when the panel is in the passage closing position.
  • the hinge mounting member has ends, lateral sides between the hinge mounting member ends, and a quadrilateral hinge mounting member end plate attached to each hinge mounting member end.
  • the hinge mounting member end plates each have lateral sides extending laterally past the lateral sides of the hinge mounting member ends.
  • the opposing sidewalls each attach a pair of spaced apart horizontal anchor bars centrally in the passage below the cradle and adjacent the bottom opening.
  • Each anchor bar comprises an included right angle between mutually perpendicular horizontal projections of unequal length, the shorter projection of each anchor bar attaching to one of the opposed sidewalls, the longer projection of that anchor bar being unattached to the one sidewall.
  • the unattached projections and the included right angles of the anchor bars face each other.
  • the attached projections are spaced apart sufficiently to vertically receive the hinge mounting member end plate within the pair of anchor bars.
  • FIGS. 1-29 show exemplary embodiments having a pair of panels.
  • FIGS. 30-31A show exemplary embodiments having a single panel. Referring to FIGS.
  • an exemplary embodiment comprises a support embodied in a quadrilateral or four-sided box 210 inclusive of sidewalls 224 (224a, 224b, 224c, 224d) having at the upper extent of the sidewalls flanges 220 (220a, 220b, 220c, 220d) transverse to the sidewalls 224 for extension over a top of walls of a ventilation shaft for suspension of box 210 vertically in the shaft to define a passage 225 between top opening 226 and bottom opening 228 of box 210 for fluid communication of a ventilation duct up through box 210 to an atmospheric opening.
  • Cradles 211a, 211c are formed in the upper sides of opposing sidewalls 224a and 224c respectively.
  • the apparatus shown is suitable as a drop in solution to sealing vent passages from storm waters by lowering it into a ventilation shaft to rest on walls of the shaft.
  • a grating (not pictured) covers top opening 226. In normal operation, operator access to the interior of box 210 is through the grating.
  • an exemplary embodiment as described herein employs a four sided box support 210, some locations may allow use of a support in the shape of a hollow cylinder also having stops 230 proximate a bottom opening of the support, and this form is comprehended within the scope of the invention.
  • Stops 230a, 230 b, 230c and 230d in the form of corner braces in box 210 are within and connected to sidewalls 224 proximate bottom opening 228 and do not obstruct passage 225.
  • Adjacent sidewalls include a base 227 having rounded corners 227a, 227d above respective stops 230a, 230d, and a base 229 having rounded corners 229b and 229c above respective stops 230b, 230c.
  • Rounded corners 227a, 227d and 229b, 229c have a round corner radius of curvature.
  • a beam 242 comprising extruded tubing unobstructively horizontally spans across passage 225 and connects to opposed sidewalls 224a, 224c of box 210 proximate top opening 226.
  • Beam 242 is lodged in cradles 211a, 211c, conveniently lowered into channels 211a, 211c by operators holding beam foldable handles 212a, 212c.
  • Beam 242 and straps 244 described below comprise a suspension member for equipment described below.
  • Beam 242 and its attached equipment can be lowered into place as a complete assembled unit 201 after box 210 is installed in ventilation shaft resting on flanges 220. Assembled unit 201 can be removed from box 210 for servicing by withdrawing beam 242 from channels 211a, 211c by means of handles 212a, 212c.
  • a suspension member comprising a beam 242 and straps 244 for supporting equipment described below
  • a suspension member may be employed other than beam 242 and straps 244, for example a suspension member can be a single unitary vertically extending solid or fenestrated plate.
  • An advantage of the described beam 242 and straps 244 is a lighter weight imposing a lesser load on flanges 220 than a solid plate, but a fenestrated plate would serve a lighter load advantage as well, albeit likely a more costly element.
  • a hinge mounting member 245 unobstructively horizontally spans across passage 225 connected by a plurality of straps 244a, 244b, 244c, 244d to beam 242. Lodged in cradles 211a and 211c, beam 242 and hinge mounting member 245 spanning between sidewalls 224a, 224c are centered in passage 225 of box 210 with beam 242 directly over hinge mounting member 245.
  • Hinge mounting member 245 mounts and supports a plurality of hinge members 243.
  • Hinge members 243 each comprise a stationary member 243b, a moveable member 243a and a hinge pin 243c that interconnects stationary member 243b and moveable member 243a.
  • Stationary member 243b connects to hinge mounting member 245.
  • Hinge mounting member 245 includes a stiffener bar 231 affixed lengthwise along to the inferior surface of hinge mounting member 245.
  • a pair of opposing panels 234, 236 each having proximal and distal portions, respectively 234a, 234b and 236a, 236b, are connected at proximal portions 234a, 236a by moveable hinge members 243a to stationary hinge members 243b and thereby to a hinge mounting member 245 and from hinge mounting member 245 via straps 244a, 244b to beam 242.
  • the connection of moveable hinge members 243a to the proximal portions 234a, 236a of panels 234, 236 on hinge pins 243c forms respective pivot axes of panels 234, 236 for vertical rotation of panels 234, 236.
  • Panels 234, 236 rotate in directions opposite each other from or to an upright home position under beam 242.
  • Rotation of the panels upwardly (one clockwise, the other counterclockwise) to home position 213 is effected manually as further described below.
  • the home position of the panels tucked under beam 242 does not occlude passage 225.
  • Rotation of the panels downwardly (one clockwise, the other counterclockwise) is by gravity acting solely on the mass of the panel when the panels are released from the home position, as further described below.
  • Panels 234, 236 in rotation fall solely under the gravitational impetus of their own weight from the upright home position to a lower passage closing position where further rotation is prevented by stops 230a, 230b, 230c, 230d and 230e.
  • Each panel has a profile that closes the passage when the panels gravitationally rotate to the passage closing position.
  • Panels 234, 236 have a top side plate 238 and a bottom side 232.
  • Bottom side 232 is crisscrossed with internal cross braces 237, 239 for rigidity.
  • the distal portions of the panels have rounded corners 219 with a radius of curvature substantially the same as the radius of curvature of the sidewall corners 229a, 229b, 229c and 229d they sweep when rotating to the passage closing position.
  • the panels include peripheral distal and lateral seals 221, 222 for sealing the passage in the passage closing position, seals 221a, 222a for panel 234 and seals 221b, 222b for panel 236.
  • a gasket seal 223 (223a for panel 234, 223b for panel 236) spans the proximal ends of bases of panels 234, 236 below pin 243c and seals bottom opening 228 at the proximal ends of panels 234, 236 when the panels are in the passage closing position.
  • Panels 234, 236 are held in home position 213 by a panel holder 240.
  • Panel holder 240 is movably supported in box 210 by a grip rod 246 connected to panel holder 240.
  • Rod 246 is mounted through beam 242 slideably translatable through a brace 255 fastened between straps 244b, 244c and terminates above beam 242 at a T-handle grip 252 under a cover 253 sheltering T-handle grip 252 from pedestrian view through a grating covering box 210 to reduce if not avoid gratuitous tampering with the apparatus and unwanted deployment of the panels by mischief makers.
  • Panel holder 240 includes moveable member 247 on a side facing panel 234 and a moveable member 249 on a side facing panel 236.
  • Rod 246 and grip 252 comprise a panel releaser.
  • the T-handle configures grip 252 for convenient grasping, such as by a projection of a hooking reach tool that can be vertically inserted through a small opening in a grating over box 210 to reach under cover 253 and hook grip 252 for lifting panel holder 240.
  • Lifting rod 246 by grip 252 moves panel holder 240 upwardly to cause moveable members 247, 249 to release held panels 234, 236 and allow the panels to rotationally gravitationally fall solely by their own mass from the upright home position 213 to the lower passage closing position 215.
  • moveable members 247, 249 each comprise a latch engageable with latch catch 235, 235'.
  • Latches 247, 249 are vertically pivotal on a pivot axis 254 at a proximate end of the latches.
  • Pivot axis 254 resides inside panel holder 240 parallel to the panel axes of pins 243c paralleling either side of hinge mounting member 245.
  • Each latch 247, 249 pivotally extends externally from panel holder 240 to a distal inferior return 248, 248' having a sloped surface 250, 250' ending at an inset notch 251, 251'.
  • Recesses 233, 233' and panel holder 240 are horizontally and vertically aligned with each other such that when panel 234, 236 is rotated vertically upward, the inferior distal return 248, 248' of latch 247, 249 is brought into sliding contact with ramp 241, 241', whereupon sloped surface 250, 250' slides on ramp 241, 241' until inset notch 251, 251' passes over latch catch edge 235, 235', capturing latch 247, 240, which holds panel 234, 236 as the panel completes upward rotation to home position 213.
  • Panels 234, 236 are provided with structure to raise the panels manually to home position 213.
  • Each panel 234, 236 has a handle 259, 259' on its top side 238, 238' remote from the pivot axes of pins 243c of the hinge members 243 to which the proximate ends 234a, 236a of the panels 234, 236 are connected.
  • a reach tool with a terminal projection can be used by an operator and inserted through a grating over box 210 to grasp handle 259, 259' to lift panel 234, 236.
  • a lift arm 260 for panel 234 and a lift arm 260' for panel 236 manipulated by a second reach tool to provide a mechanical assist giving lateral thrust against the bottom side of a panel to complete rotation of the panel to upright home position .
  • At least one of the panels, such as panel 236 may be fitted with a drain 270 intermediate the proximate and distal ends of the panel, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 .
  • the quadrilateral box support 210 has a single indicator 285 on one sidewall 224d adjacent the opposed lateral sidewalls 224a, 224c and two indicators 286, 287 on the facing sidewall 224b.
  • the indicators are labeled indicator arrows 285, 286, 287 that point to where certain structure on a panel is located below the indicator.
  • the single indicator 285 labeled "LIFT ARM” points to a position where a lift arm 260 is located on panel 234; sidewall 224b having two indicators 286, 287 labeled respectively "DRAIN” and "LIFT ARM” points to a position on panel 236 here a drain 270 is located and another position where a lift 260' arm is located.
  • the purpose of the labeled indicators 285, 286, 287 is to tell a worker where to insert a reach tool through a grating covering the support 210 to find and manipulate the structure indicated by the label on the indicator. It is therefore important for suspension member 242 holding the panels 234, 236 having the structures 260, and 260', 270 respectively to be placed in cradles 211a, 211c so the panels having the structures are located next to the sidewall where the indicators for the structures are located. Panel 236 having a lift arm 260' and a drain 270 needs to be located adjacent sidewall 224b.
  • suspension member 242 has ends each of which bears a key extending laterally past a side of the suspension member, and each cradle 211a, 211c is keyed to receive the key only in one arm of the cradle so a panel having an indicated structure is located below the indicator. That is, cradles 211a, 211c are keyed and suspension member 242, for example beam 242, is fitted with a key that allows beam 242 and with it suspended panels 234, 236 to be installed in support 210 only in an orientation where panel 236 having the two structures indicated, in this case, the drain 270 and a lift arm 261', is adjacent the sidewall 224b where the two indicators 286, 287 are located. This in turn automatically puts panel 234 having just the one structure indicated on the sidewall 224d where the one indicator 285 is located, in this example, for lift arm 260.
  • beam 242 has ends 288, 288', lateral sides 289, 289' between beam ends 288, 288', and a quadrilateral beam end plate 290 attached to each beam end.
  • beam end plate 290 has lateral sides 291, 291' extending laterally past the lateral sides 289, 289' of the beam ends.
  • keyed cradles 292a, 292c each comprise a pair of vertical arms 293, 293' having included right angle 294, 294' between vertical mutually perpendicular projections 295a, 295b of vertical arm 293 and 296a, 296b of vertical arm 293', one projection 295b of vertical arm 293 and the corresponding projection 296b of vertical arm 293' attaching to one of the opposed sidewalls 224a or 224c.
  • the other projection 295a of vertical arm 293 and 296a of vertical arm 293' is unattached to such one sidewall 224a or 224c.
  • Such unattached projections and the included right angles of the vertical arms face each other.
  • the attached projections 295b, 296b are spaced apart sufficiently for vertically receiving the beam end plate 290 within the pair of vertical arms 293, 293' and are rest upon a horizontal bar 297.
  • side 291 of the lateral sides 291, 291' of each beam end plate 290 extends laterally further than lateral side 291' of beam end plate 290 providing a key.
  • unattached projection 296a of vertical arm 293' of cradle 292c has a length longer than unattached projection 296a of the other vertical arm 293' of cradle 292c for accepting the lateral side 291 key of beam end plate 290 that extends further than the other lateral side 291' of that beam end plate 290, thereby to receive the beam end plate 290 within the keyed pair of vertical arms 293, 293'.
  • the longer side 291 of the beam end plates 290 is the key and the longer inset at unattached projection 296a of vertical arms 293, 293' is the keyed element that accepts only the longer side 291 key of the end plates 290 and thereby allows beam 242 to be horizontally placed in the cradles 292a, 292c only in an orientation placing the particular panel 234, 236 having a structure the same as the label on the sidewall adjacent that sidewall and below that indicator.
  • the hinge mounting member 245 has ends 298, 298', lateral sides 299, 299' between hinge mounting member ends 298, 298', and a quadrilateral hinge mounting member end plate 300 attached to each hinge mounting member end 298, 298'.
  • the hinge mounting member end plates 300 each have lateral sides 301, 301' extending laterally past the lateral sides 299, 299' of the hinge mounting member ends 298, 298.
  • the opposing sidewalls 224a, 224c each attach a pair of spaced apart horizontal anchor bars 302, 302' centrally in the passage below a cradle 292a or 292c, and adjacent the bottom opening 228.
  • Anchor bar 302 comprises an included right angle 303 between mutually perpendicular horizontal projections 304a, 304b of unequal length, the shorter projection 304b attaching to one of the opposed sidewalls 224a or 224c, the longer projection 304a of anchor bar 302 being unattached to the one sidewall 224a or 224c.
  • anchor bar 302' comprises an included right angle 303' between mutually perpendicular horizontal projections 305a, 305b of unequal length, the shorter projection 305b attaching to one of the opposed sidewalls 224a or 224c, the longer projection 305a of anchor bar 302' being unattached to the one sidewall 224a or 224c.
  • FIG. 20 shows beam 224 descending into cradle 292c and anchor bars 302, 302'.
  • FIG. 27 shows beam 24 landed into place in cradle 292c and hinge mounting member 245 landed in place in anchor bars 302, 302'.
  • FIG. 28 shows the fitment of hinge mounting member 245 with end plate 300 between anchor bars 302, 302'.
  • a seal 305 separates brace 306 from anchors 302 and 302'.
  • the quadrilateral support 210 has at least one indicator on at least one wall 224b or 224d adjacent the opposed lateral sidewalls 224a, 224c to indicate that structure on a panel is located below the indicator
  • the beam end plate 290, the cradle vertical arms 293, 293', the hinge mounting member end plate end plate 300 and the anchor bars 302, 302' cooperatively orient placement of the beam 242 and the hinge mounting member 245 hung from the beam so a panel having that structure will be located below the indicator when the panel is in the passage closing position.
  • FIGS. 30-31A another exemplary embodiment employs a single panel.
  • Components in the single panel exemplary embodiments that are the same as in the exemplary pair of panels embodiments have the same reference numbers as in the exemplary pair of panels embodiments.
  • the single panel exemplary embodiment assumes a rectilinear atmospheric opening of a vertical ventilation shaft and allows ventilation as usual through the shaft to an underground ventilation duct fluidly communicating through the ventilation shaft to an atmospheric opening at a grating over the shaft and on threat of flooding is operable to prevent downward flow of surface water into the underground ventilation duct.
  • the single panel exemplary embodiment like the pair of panels exemplary embodiments comprises a support embodied as a four-sided vertical box open at bottom and top to define a passage 225 between top and bottom openings of the box support.
  • a support embodied as a four-sided vertical box open at bottom and top to define a passage 225 between top and bottom openings of the box support.
  • Exemplary flanges e.g. 220b, 220c horizontally extend and rest atop vertical walls of a ventilation shaft (flanges 220a, 220d are not indicated by reference numerals in FIGS 30-31A but are understood from the prior exemplary embodiments).
  • Support box sidewalls 224b, 224c and 224d are visible in the sectional views FIGS 30A and 31 A (sidewall 224a will be understood from descriptions of the exemplary embodiments of the pair of panels.
  • the four sidewalls 224a, 224b, 224c, 224d of box 218 vertically fit inside the four vertical ventilation shaft walls, as in the pair of panels exemplary embodiments.
  • Stops like stops 230a, 230d in the pair of panels exemplary embodiments are within and connected to sidewalls, respectively, 224a, 224b and 224a, 224d, proximate bottom opening like 229 in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS.1-2A where they do not obstruct passage 225.
  • Adjacent sidewalls include a base 227 having rounded corners 227a, 127d above respective stops 230a, 230d.
  • Cradles 211a, 211c are formed in the upper sides of opposing sidewalls 224a and 224c respectively, adjacent sidewall 224d.
  • the apparatus shown is suitable as a drop in solution to seal vent passages from storm waters by lowering it into a ventilation shaft to rest on walls of the shaft.
  • a grating (not pictured) covers top opening 226. In normal operation, operator access to the interior of the support box is through the grating.
  • a beam 242 comprising extruded tubing unobstructively horizontally spans across passage 225 and connects to opposed sidewalls 224a, 224c of box 210 adjacent side wall 224d and proximate top opening 226.
  • Beam 242 is lodged in cradles 211a, 211c, and is conveniently lowered into channels 211a, 211c by operators holding beam foldable handles 212a, 212c.
  • Beam 242 and straps 244 comprise a suspension member. Beam 242 and its attached equipment can be lowered into place as a complete assembled unit after the support box is installed in ventilation shaft resting on flanges 220. This assembled unit can be removed from the support box for servicing by withdrawing beam 242 from channels 211a, 211c by means of handles 212a, 212c.
  • a hinge mounting member 245 unobstructively horizontally spans across passage 225 the same as beam 242 connected by a plurality of straps 244 to beam 242 (only 244d is seen in the sectional views of FIGS. 30A and 31A ).
  • beam 242 and hinge mounting member 245 spans between sidewalls 224a, 224c adjacent sidewall 224d with beam 242 directly over hinge mounting member 245.
  • Hinge mounting member 245 mounts and supports a plurality of hinge members 243.
  • the hinge members 243 each comprise a stationary member 243b, a moveable member 243a and a hinge pin 243c that interconnects stationary member 243b and moveable member 243a, stationary member 243b connecting to hinge mounting member 245.
  • a hinge pin 243c that interconnects stationary member 243b and moveable member 243a, stationary member 243b connecting to hinge mounting member 245.
  • FIG. 31A only moveable member 243a is referenced to avoid obfuscation of elements
  • a single panel 236 having proximal and distal portions, respectively are connected at proximal portion 236a by moveable hinge members 243a to stationary hinge members 243b and thereby to a hinge mounting member 245 and from hinge mounting member 245 via straps 244a, 244b, 244c and 244d to beam 242, as in the pair of panels exemplars.
  • the connection of moveable hinge members 243a to the proximal portion 236a of panels 236 on hinge pins 243c forms a pivot axis of panels 236 for vertical rotation of panel 236.
  • Panel 236 rotates from or to an upright home position tucked under beam 242.
  • Rotation of panel 236 upwardly (counterclockwise in the exemplary embodiment show) to home position is effected manually as further described below.
  • the home position of panel 236 tucked under beam 242 does not occlude passage 225.
  • Panel 236 in rotation falls solely under the gravitational impetus of its own weight from the upright home position to a lower passage closing position where further rotation is prevented by stops 230a, 230d.
  • Each panel has a profile that closes the passage when the panels gravitationally rotate to the passage closing position.
  • panel 236 the same as panel 236 in the pair of panels exemplar includes a recess 233' that contains a panel holder latch catch 235'.
  • Panel holder 240 inclusive of latch 249 is carried by the suspension member 242.
  • Latch 249 is vertically pivotal on a horizontal axis at a proximate end of the latches. The latch axis is parallel to the panel axes of pins 243c.
  • Panel holder latch 249 like latch 247 in FIG. 6 pivotally extends externally from the latch axis distally to an inferior return having a sloped surface ending at an inset notch 251'.
  • Recess 233' and latch 249 are horizontally and vertically aligned with each other such that when panel 236 is rotated vertically upward, the inferior return of latch 249 is brought into sliding contact with ramp 241' carried by the panel, and the sloped surface of the latch slides on ramp 241' until inset notch 251' passes over latch catch edge 235', capturing latch 249. This capture holds panel 234, 236 in home position 213. As in the case of the pair of panels exemplar, the placement of the latch and latch catch can be reversed.
  • panel holder 240 is movably suspended from suspension member 242 by a rod 246 connected to panel holder 240.
  • Rod 246 is mounted through beam 242 slideably translatable through a brace 255 fastened between straps 244b, 244c and terminates above beam 242 at T-handle 252 under a cover 253 sheltering T-handle 252 from pedestrian view through a grating covering quadrilateral support 210.
  • Rod 246 and T-handle 252 comprise a panel releaser.
  • the T-handle provides convenient holding, such as by a projection or hook of a reach tool that can be vertically inserted through a small opening in a grating covering support 210 to reach under cover 253 and hook T-handle 252 for lifting panel holder 240.
  • Lifting rod 246 by T-handle 252 moves panel holder 240 upwardly to cause moveable members 247, 249 to lose their hold on catch 241, 241' and release panels 234, 236, allowing panels 234, 236 to rotationally gravitationally fall solely by impetus of their own weight from the upright home position 213 to the lower passage closing position 215.
  • the single panel exemplary embodiment includes a lift arm 260' having a proximal end 261' pivotally connected by pivot pin 267 to the bottom side of panel 236 on a pivotation axis parallel to the hinge axis 243c and a distal end 263', the lift arm 260' being of dimension to contact distal end 263' with opposed lateral sidewall 224b when distal end 263' is pivoted upward inside sidewall 224b for exertion of lateral force onto connected panel 236 being raised with panel handle 259' to complete rotation of panel 236 into the home position.
  • the single panel exemplary embodiment includes a drain 270 in panel 236 intermediate the proximate and distal ends thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Patch Boards (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Appareil pour permettre une ventilation à travers un puits de ventilation vertical à une gaine de ventilation souterraine communiquant de manière fluidique à travers le puits de ventilation vers une ouverture à l'atmosphère du puits et, lors d'un risque d'inondation, opérable pour empêcher un écoulement vers le bas de l'eau de ruissellement jusque dans la gaine de ventilation souterraine, comprenant:
    un support (210) comprenant des parois latérales opposées (224) pour un agencement dans ledit puits définissant un passage entre des ouvertures supérieure (226) et inférieure (220) du support pour une communication de fluide de ladite gaine de ventilation vers le haut à travers ledit support jusqu'à ladite ouverture à l'atmosphère,
    un ou plusieurs panneaux (234; 236) ayant des extrémités proximale et distale (234a; 234b; 236a; 236b), un côté supérieur (232) et un côté inférieur (238), ladite extrémité proximale étant raccordée avec une articulation horizontale (243) ayant un axe qui est perpendiculaire auxdites parois latérales opposées (224) pour une rotation dudit chaque panneau (234; 236) vers le haut jusqu'à une position de repos dressée n'obstruant pas ledit passage et une rotation à partir de ladite position de repos vers le bas en vertu d'une impulsion gravitationnelle sous son propre poids afin d'atteindre une position de fermeture de passage inférieure, lesdits un ou plusieurs panneaux ayant un profil qui ferme ledit passage lorsque ledit chaque panneau tourne de manière gravitationnelle vers ladite position de fermeture de passage,
    un élément de suspension (242; 244) enjambant de manière non obstructive dans le plan horizontal ledit passage (225) à proximité de ladite ouverture supérieure, maintenant lesdits un ou plusieurs panneaux raccordés par une articulation dans ledit passage (225) et étant soutenu de manière détachable par levage sur lesdites parois latérales opposées (224), et
    au moins une poignée (259; 259') raccordée audit élément de suspension (242; 244) pour déplacer ledit élément de suspension qui maintient lesdits un ou plusieurs panneaux raccordés par une articulation dans le plan vertical dans et hors dudit support (210) sur lesdites parois latérales opposées (224).
  2. Appareil de la revendication 1 dans lequel ladite ouverture à l'atmosphère est rectiligne et ledit support (210) est quadrilatéral.
  3. Appareil de la revendication 1 où ledit élément de suspension (242; 244) comprend une poutrelle (242) ayant des armatures suspendues verticalement (244) qui maintiennent ladite articulation horizontale et lesdits panneaux raccordés avec ladite articulation horizontale.
  4. Appareil de la revendication 3 dans lequel ladite articulation horizontale comprend un élément de montage d'articulation (245) maintenu par ledit élément de suspension (242; 244) et une pluralité d'éléments d'articulation (243) montés sur ledit élément de montage d'articulation (245).
  5. Appareil de la revendication 4 où chaque élément d'articulation (243) comprend un élément stationnaire (243b), un élément mobile (243a) et une broche d'articulation (243c) raccordant entre eux les éléments stationnaire et mobile, ledit élément stationnaire (243b) se raccordant audit élément de montage d'articulation, ledit élément d'articulation mobile se raccordant à ladite extrémité proximale dudit un panneau.
  6. Appareil de la revendication 1 comprenant en outre au moins une retenue (230) qui limite ladite rotation vers le bas de chaque panneau (234; 236) vers ladite position de fermeture de passage inférieure.
  7. Appareil de la revendication 6 dans lequel ladite retenue (230) comprend des arrêts (230) au sein de et raccordés audit support (210) proche de ladite ouverture inférieure et n'obstruant pas ledit passage.
  8. Appareil de la revendication 4 comprenant une paire desdits panneaux (234; 236) et où ledit élément de suspension (242; 244) est soutenu de manière détachable par levage centralement entre lesdites parois latérales opposées (224) pour le montage desdits panneaux (234; 236) dans ledit passage pour une rotation des panneaux dans des directions opposées l'une à l'autre à partir de ou vers ladite position de repos dressée n'obstruant pas ledit passage.
  9. Appareil de la revendication 8 dans lequel ladite ouverture à l'atmosphère est rectiligne et ledit support est quadrilatéral, lesdites parois latérales opposées s'attachant chacune centralement dans ledit passage de manière adjacente à ladite ouverture supérieure à un berceau (211) ayant une paire de bras verticaux parallèles espacés l'un de l'autre au-dessus d'une barre afin de recevoir et de soutenir de manière détachable par levage ledit élément de suspension (242; 244) au sein desdits bras verticaux et sur ladite barre.
  10. Appareil de la revendication 9 dans lequel ledit support quadrilatéral (210) a au moins un indicateur sur au moins une paroi adjacente auxdites parois latérales opposées (224) afin d'indiquer l'endroit où une structure sur un panneau est localisée en dessous de l'indicateur, et où ledit élément de suspension (242; 244) a des extrémités dont chacune porte une clavette s'étendant latéralement au-delà d'un côté de l'élément de suspension (242; 244), et où ledit chaque berceau (211) est claveté pour recevoir ladite clavette uniquement dans un bras du berceau (211) de sorte que ledit un panneau ayant cette structure soit localisé en dessous dudit indicateur.
  11. Appareil de la revendication 10 dans lequel ledit élément de suspension (242; 244) est une poutrelle (242) ayant des armatures suspendues verticalement (244) maintenant ladite articulation horizontale et lesdits panneaux (234; 236) raccordés avec ladite articulation horizontale, ladite poutrelle (242) ayant des extrémités, des côtés latéraux entre les extrémités de poutrelle (242), et une plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle quadrilatérale attachée à chaque extrémité de poutrelle, ladite chaque plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle ayant des côtés latéraux qui s'étendent latéralement au-delà desdits côtés latéraux des extrémités de poutrelle (289), et où lesdits berceaux (211) comprennent chacun un angle droit inclus vertical entre des saillies verticales mutuellement perpendiculaires (295; 296) dudit bras vertical, une saillie (295; 296) de chaque bras vertical s'attachant à une des parois latérales opposées (224), l'autre saillie (295; 296) de chaque bras vertical n'étant pas attachée à ladite une paroi latérale, ces saillies non attachées (295a; 296b) et les angles droits inclus des bras verticaux se faisant face les un/es aux autres et lesdites saillies attachées étant suffisamment espacées pour recevoir verticalement ladite plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle au sein de ladite paire de bras verticaux.
  12. Appareil de la revendication 11 dans lequel un côté desdits côtés latéraux de ladite chaque plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle (242) s'étend latéralement plus loin que l'autre côté latéral de cette plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle (242), une saillie non attachée (295a; 296b) d'un bras vertical d'un ledit berceau (211) a une longueur qui est plus longue que la saillie non attachée (295b; 296a) de l'autre bras vertical de ce berceau (211) pour accepter le côté latéral de ladite plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle (242) qui s'étend plus loin que ledit autre côté latéral de cette plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle (242) afin de recevoir ladite plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle au sein de ladite paire de bras verticaux.
  13. Appareil de la revendication 12 dans lequel ledit support quadrilatéral (210) a au moins un indicateur sur au moins une paroi adjacente auxdites parois latérales opposées (224) afin d'indiquer l'endroit où une structure sur un panneau est localisée en dessous de l'indicateur, et où ladite plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle (242) et lesdits bras verticaux positionnent ladite poutrelle de sorte que ledit un panneau ayant cette structure soit localisé en dessous dudit indicateur.
  14. Appareil de la revendication 12 dans lequel ledit élément de montage d'articulation (245) a des extrémités (298; 298'), des côtés latéraux entre les extrémités d'élément de montage d'articulation (298; 298'), et une plaque d'extrémité d'élément de montage d'articulation quadrilatérale (300) qui est attachée à chaque extrémité d'élément de montage d'articulation (245), lesdites plaques d'extrémité d'élément de montage d'articulation (300) ayant chacune des côtés latéraux (301; 301') qui s'étendent latéralement au-delà desdits côtés latéraux desdites extrémités d'élément de montage d'articulation (298; 298'), et où lesdites parois latérales opposées s'attachent chacune à une paire de barres d'ancrage horizontales espacées (302; 302') centralement dans ledit passage sous ledit berceau (211) et en position adjacente à ladite ouverture inférieure (228), ladite chaque barre d'ancrage (302) comprenant un angle droit inclus (303) entre des saillies horizontales mutuellement perpendiculaires (304a; 304b) de longueur inégale, la saillie plus courte (304b) de chaque barre d'ancrage étant attachée à une des parois latérales opposées, la saillie plus longue (304a) de cette barre d'ancrage (302) n'étant pas attachée à ladite une paroi latérale, ces saillies non attachées et les angles droits inclus des barres d'ancrage (302) se faisant face les un/es aux autres et lesdites saillies attachées étant suffisamment espacées pour recevoir verticalement ladite plaque d'extrémité d'élément de montage d'articulation (300) au sein de ladite paire de barres d'ancrage (302).
  15. Appareil de la revendication 14 dans lequel ledit support quadrilatéral (210) a au moins un indicateur sur au moins une paroi adjacente auxdites parois latérales opposées (224) afin d'indiquer l'endroit où une structure sur un panneau est localisée en dessous de l'indicateur, et où ladite plaque d'extrémité de poutrelle, lesdits bras verticaux, ladite plaque d'extrémité de la plaque d'extrémité d'élément de montage d'articulation (300) et lesdites barres d'ancrage (302) positionnent de manière coopérante ladite poutrelle (242) de sorte que ledit un panneau ayant cette structure soit localisé en dessous dudit indicateur.
EP17828571.4A 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Protection contre l'inondation pour bouches à air souterraines Active EP3485125B1 (fr)

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US201662363024P 2016-07-15 2016-07-15
PCT/US2017/042237 WO2018013984A1 (fr) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Protection contre l'inondation pour bouches à air souterraines

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EP3485125A4 EP3485125A4 (fr) 2020-04-01
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EP17828567.2A Active EP3485116B1 (fr) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Protection contre l'inondation destinée aux bouches d'air souterraines
EP17828564.9A Active EP3485115B1 (fr) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Protection contre l'inondation destinée aux bouches d'air souterraines
EP17828569.8A Active EP3485117B1 (fr) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Protection contre l'inondation pour évents d'aération souterrains
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EP17828567.2A Active EP3485116B1 (fr) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Protection contre l'inondation destinée aux bouches d'air souterraines
EP17828564.9A Active EP3485115B1 (fr) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Protection contre l'inondation destinée aux bouches d'air souterraines
EP17828569.8A Active EP3485117B1 (fr) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Protection contre l'inondation pour évents d'aération souterrains

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CN109707268A (zh) * 2019-01-02 2019-05-03 湖南沄辉科技股份有限公司 一种防淹门控制柜
CN109707449B (zh) * 2019-01-07 2020-07-28 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 一种下翻式防水闸门装置
CN109723486A (zh) * 2019-01-09 2019-05-07 河南理工大学 一种具有自动复位功能的煤矿立风井防爆门
CN110792475B (zh) * 2019-01-28 2021-03-19 通号城市轨道交通技术有限公司 防淹门防护方法和装置

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Publication number Publication date
EP3485115B1 (fr) 2022-12-21
JP2019527809A (ja) 2019-10-03
EP3485117C0 (fr) 2023-09-27
EP3485125A4 (fr) 2020-04-01
EP3485114A4 (fr) 2020-04-01
EP3485116B1 (fr) 2023-10-25
WO2018013981A9 (fr) 2018-04-05
EP3485117A2 (fr) 2019-05-22
EP3485117A4 (fr) 2020-04-01
WO2018013984A1 (fr) 2018-01-18
EP3485116A4 (fr) 2020-04-01
EP3485117B1 (fr) 2023-09-27
EP3485114A1 (fr) 2019-05-22
WO2018013970A1 (fr) 2018-01-18
EP3485114C0 (fr) 2023-09-27
EP3485125C0 (fr) 2023-10-18
JP2019525125A (ja) 2019-09-05
EP3485125A1 (fr) 2019-05-22
EP3485115A1 (fr) 2019-05-22
JP2019527806A (ja) 2019-10-03
EP3485116A1 (fr) 2019-05-22
EP3485116C0 (fr) 2023-10-25
JP2019525126A (ja) 2019-09-05
WO2018013981A2 (fr) 2018-01-18
WO2018013981A3 (fr) 2018-03-15
WO2018013974A1 (fr) 2018-01-18
EP3485115A4 (fr) 2020-04-01
ES2936510T3 (es) 2023-03-17
JP2019523382A (ja) 2019-08-22
WO2018013977A1 (fr) 2018-01-18
EP3485114B1 (fr) 2023-09-27

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