EP3485115B1 - Hochwasserschutz für unterirdische belüftungsöffnungen - Google Patents

Hochwasserschutz für unterirdische belüftungsöffnungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3485115B1
EP3485115B1 EP17828564.9A EP17828564A EP3485115B1 EP 3485115 B1 EP3485115 B1 EP 3485115B1 EP 17828564 A EP17828564 A EP 17828564A EP 3485115 B1 EP3485115 B1 EP 3485115B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
plug
drain
arm
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17828564.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3485115A1 (de
EP3485115A4 (de
Inventor
Louis A. Waters, Jr.
Nick Alan EASTMAN
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Floodbreak LLC
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Floodbreak LLC
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3485115A1 publication Critical patent/EP3485115A1/de
Publication of EP3485115A4 publication Critical patent/EP3485115A4/de
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Publication of EP3485115B1 publication Critical patent/EP3485115B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B2009/007—Flood panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to blocking flooding water from entering underground ventilation passages.
  • Underground storm waters entering and flooding underground tunnels and chambers through ventilation ducts connecting the underground chambers or tunnels to air at ground surface affect without limitation, underground transportation tunnels for road vehicles, trains, and subways, and underground chambers, such as associated with a complex of connecting tunnels and shafts, for example as used for such things as underground hydroelectric-power plants, or with underground utilities which require ventilation, such as underground transformer rooms.
  • ventilation ducts or shafts are incorporated into subway systems near stations to exhaust stale pushed air as the train nears a station and to pull in fresh outside air as a train leaves a station, Also reducing the "piston effect" of air being forced through the tunnels at high speeds by moving trains.
  • a ventilation duct communicates from an underground tunnel and terminates in a ventilation shaft structure below grade level that opens to the atmosphere at grade level such as a sidewalk where the opening is covered by a subway grating.
  • Subways have systems for handling water. When it rains, water runs down stairwells, onto platforms and thence onto tracks, and some gets in the ventilation systems through the surface gratings. Drains beneath the tracks pipe water to underground sumps in pump rooms next to the subway tracks. Pumps pull the water up to pressure relief manholes open to the atmosphere at street level; from there the water drains under gravity flow into city storm sewers. The problem is that in heavy rains, storm sewers are overwhelmed and flush water back into the streets, flooding the streets with water inundates sidewalk and pours down through subway gratings into the ventilation system thence into the tunnels and onto the tracks.
  • the pumping system can only return water to the flooded street; from there the water reenters the flood pool pouring into the ventilation system, defeating the pumping system as a means of controlling subway flooding.
  • the problem is especially acute in cities like New York and Lower Manhattan, which is low-lying, vulnerable to storm surges and dotted with grade-level gratings, stairwells and other points of entry for running water into the subways.
  • WO 2015/051352 describes apparatus for allowing ventilation as usual for underground tunnels through a ventilation shaft opening to atmosphere yet preventing underground flooding from surface waters pouring through the grate.
  • the apparatus comprises an assembly that fits within the ventilation shaft and includes one or more panels held in an upright home position that allows ventilation as usual but is releasable to rotationally gravitate to a lower sealing position closing a passage between the ventilation shaft and atmosphere to prevent water from entering the underground tunnels.
  • a panel position indicator moves from a hidden position to a visible position with lowering of the panels to visually signify that the panels are lowered and that flooding protection is activated.
  • apparatus for installation in a ventilation shaft already fluidly communicating between an atmospheric opening and an underground ventilation duct allows the ventilation when there is no treat of flooding and on threat of flooding is manually operable to close ventilation from the atmospheric opening and prevent downward flow into the underground ventilation duct of surface water entering the atmospheric opening.
  • perpendicular means substantially at a right angle to a reference to a degree that if not absolutely a right angle will not materially adversely affect the arrangement and function of the element described as perpendicular.
  • vertical or “vertically” include but are not limited to literal vertical and generally mean oriented up and down with respect to the earth's horizon to a degree that if not absolutely vertical will not materially adversely affect the function of the element described as vertical.
  • horizontal or “horizontally” include but are not limited to literal horizontal and generally mean not out of level with respect to the earth's horizon to a degree that will materially adversely affect the function of the element described as horizontal.
  • the first mentioned component is identified by a given reference numeral
  • the second such component is the same reference number marked with an apostrophe
  • panel handle 259 identifies a first mentioned component
  • the second such like component is identified as “panel handle 259' ".
  • the embodied concepts are described in reference to a specific ventilation environment.
  • the exemplary application is for a subway system.
  • the atmospheric opening through which flooding waters enter has a rectilinear shape, as for grating covered grade level sidewalk openings for subway ventilation systems, which at least in New York City typically are rectangular.
  • the detailed descriptions of specific embodiments relate to a rectilinear shape and for a particular environment, the invention does not require that the opening be rectilinear or that embodiments of the invention conform to a rectilinear shape or that the atmospheric opening be at grade level.
  • the elements of the invention can be configured to fit within downwardly vertically projected dimensions of any ventilation shaft surface opening serving any underground tunnel, chamber, room or other underground structure, whether rectilinear, circular or oval or some other shape.
  • the passage closing position is one in which the panel or panels of the embodiments are horizontal.
  • the concept of the invention is not limited to this disposition. Restrains or stops for stopping panel lowering may be positioned to stop the downward travel above horizontal and still close a ventilation passage.
  • the described embodiments are non-limiting illustrations of examples in which the concepts of the invention may be implemented.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the invention comprise a ventilation shaft manual closure assembly.
  • Support for the exemplary assembly embodiment includes opposed lateral sidewalls for arrangement in a vertical ventilation shaft to an underground ventilation duct fluidly communicating through the ventilation shaft to an atmospheric opening of the shaft.
  • the atmospheric opening may be cylindrical and the support cylindrical.
  • the atmospheric opening may be rectilinear and the support quadrilateral. As mentioned, in the exemplary embodiments, the atmospheric opening is rectilinear.
  • the support inclusive of the lateral sidewalls is sized to internally fit in the vertical shaft between the ventilation duct and the atmospheric opening.
  • the support has horizontal flanges transverse to the sidewalls for projection across a top of the shaft to hang the support in the shaft.
  • the support defines a passage between top and bottom openings of the support for fluid communication of the ventilation duct up through the support to the atmospheric opening.
  • one or more downwardly rotatable panels may be used, mounted in an upright home position not obstructing the ventilation passage that fluidly communicates the underground ventilation duct with the atmospheric opening of the ventilation shaft, to allow ventilation as usual when there is no flooding threat.
  • a single panel is mounted in the home position to a side of such a passage to alone gravitationally fall from home position to a passage closing position across the entirety of the passage to protect the underground ventilation duct from flooding.
  • a pair of panels is mounted on opposite sides of the passage, to gravitationally fall from home position down toward each other to passage closing positions to combine to close the passage.
  • a pair of panels is mounted centrally in the passage for rotation of the panels in directions opposite each other from the home position to a lower passage closing position.
  • the manual closure assembly comprises one or more panels having proximal and distal ends, a top side and a bottom side.
  • the proximal end connects with a horizontal hinge having an axis perpendicular to the opposed lateral sidewalls for manual rotation of a panel upwardly to an upright home position not obstructing the passage and rotation from the home position downwardly solely by gravitational impetus of its own weight to reach a lower passage closing position.
  • the one or more panels have a profile that closes the passage when each panel gravitationally rotates to the passage closing position.
  • At least one restraint limits the downward rotation of each panel to the lower passage closing position.
  • the restraint may be one or more foldable or flexible members anchored at one end to an upper portion of a suspension member (next mentioned) and fastened at the other end to the topside of a panel, or it may comprise one or more stops that do not obstruct the passage and that are located within and connected to the support proximate the bottom opening.
  • adjacent sidewalls include a base having rounded corners with a first radius of curvature and in which the distal portions of the panels have rounded corners with a radius of curvature substantially the same as the first radius of curvature of the sidewall corners they sweep when rotating to the passage closing position.
  • the panels include seals for sealing the passage in the passage closing position.
  • a suspension member unobstructively horizontally spans the passage proximate the support top opening and holds the one or more hinge connected panels in the passage.
  • the suspension member is supported on the opposed lateral sidewalls proximate the support top and bottom openings.
  • the suspension member has at least one handle connected to the suspension member for holding the suspension member to move it vertically into or out from the supports on the opposed lateral sidewalls.
  • the suspension member may comprise a single unitary vertically extending member holding the horizontal hinge and the panels connected to the hinge, or may comprise a beam having vertically hung straps holding the horizontal hinge and the panels connected to the hinge.
  • the horizontal hinge comprises a hinge mounting member held by the suspension member and a plurality of hinge members mounted on the hinge mounting member.
  • each hinge member comprises a stationary member, a moveable member and a hinge pin interconnecting the stationary and moveable members, the stationary member connecting to the hinge mounting member, and the moveable hinge member connecting to the proximal end of a panel.
  • the horizontal hinge may also comprise a continuous hinge, sometimes called a piano hinge, or any other hinge for panels.
  • the suspension member is supported centrally between the opposed lateral sidewalls, and suspends a pair of panels in the ventilation passage for rotation of the panels in directions opposite each other from or to said upright home position.
  • such centrally supported suspension member comprises a beam having vertically hung straps holding the horizontal hinge and the panels connected with said horizontal hinge.
  • the opposing sidewalls each attach centrally in the ventilation passage adjacent the top opening of the shaft a cradle having a pair of spaced apart parallel vertical bars connecting to and standing upright on a horizontal bar for receiving and supporting the beam within such vertical bars and on the horizontal bar.
  • a panel holder for holding each the panel in the upright home position comprises a latch carried by the suspension member below the suspension member, and a latch catch carried by the panel, the latch capturing and holding the latch catch when the panel is rotated upwardly to the home position.
  • the embodiment further comprises a panel releaser for the panel holder comprising linkage connected to the panel holder carried by the suspension member, the linkage being vertically moveable relative to the suspension member to translate the latch to cause it to lose capture of the catch and release the panel from the upright home position, allowing the panel to gravitationally rotationally fall to the lower passage closing position.
  • a drain is provided in at least one of the one or more panels intermediate the proximate and distal ends thereof.
  • the drain comprises a conduit passing through the panel.
  • the conduit has an aperture at the panel top side.
  • the drain includes a self actuating drain closure.
  • the closure comprises a plug pivoting rotatably on a drain plug axis positioned between the drain conduit and the distal end of the panel having the drain.
  • the drain plug axis parallels the horizontal hinge axis of the panels.
  • the plug is manually pivotable upwardly on the drain plug axis to remove the plug from the drain opening to drain water contained above the one or more panels when the one or more panels is in the passage closing position.
  • the plug by gravitational impetus of its own weight automatically pivots downward to place the plug in the conduit opening when the panel containing the drain is pivotally raised upward to the home position, Then when the panel gravitationally rotates downwardly to the passage closing position, the drain opening is already closed.
  • the self actuating drain closure plug includes an upwardly concave sealing gasket around the plug periphery to seal any space between the plug periphery and the conduit opening when the panel containing the plug is in the passage closing position.
  • a panel containing a self actuating drain closure has a pair of spaced posts fixedly mounted to the top side of the panel between the drain and the distal end of each the panel.
  • the drain plug axis comprises a rod spanning between the posts supported by the posts parallel to the horizontal hinge axis and above the panel top side.
  • the drain closure comprises a plug arm pivotally rotatable at a proximal end of the arm with or on the rod for movement of the arm to a raised drain opening position and to a lowered drain closing position.
  • the rod may be fixed to the posts with the plug arm rotating on the rod, or the plug arm may be fixed to the pivot axis rod with the rod rotating in the posts.
  • the plug arm is weighted to place the center of gravity of the plug arm remotely from the rod.
  • the plug arm comprises an attachment projection remote from the rod, an upwardly concave sealing gasket, a top plate and a bottom plate.
  • the top and bottom plates are both smaller in size than the gasket.
  • the concave sealing gasket is secured between the top and bottom plates, at least the bottom plate being of size configured to enter and plug the conduit opening.
  • the plates expose an outer upwardly concave gasket portion extending above the bottom plate.
  • the plates are fixedly connected to the arm at the attachment projection locating the center of gravity of the arm remotely past the pivot axis of the rod in the direction of the drain, so that after a plug arm is raised from the drain opening to empty water above the panel while the panel is in the passage closing position, rotating the panel upwardly toward the home position causes the plug arm solely by reason of gravity acting on the center of gravity of the raised plug arm, to automatically rotate downwardly from the position raised for draining the panel to a position parallel to the panel, placing at least the bottom plate in the drain conduit opening closing the opening with the outer upwardly concave gasket portion sealing space between the plates and the opening.
  • the plug arm includes a relief on an underside of the arm distal from the rod for capture of the arm by an arm lifting reach tool.
  • FIGS. 1-7 show exemplary embodiments having a pair of panels.
  • FIGS. 18-19A show exemplary embodiments having a single panel. Referring initially to FIGS.
  • an exemplary embodiment comprises a support embodied in a quadrilateral or four-sided box 210 inclusive of sidewalls 224 (224a, 224b, 224c, 224d) having at the upper extent of the sidewalls flanges 220 (220a, 220b, 220c, 220d) transverse to the sidewalls 224 for extension over a top of walls of a ventilation shaft for suspension of box 210 vertically in the shaft to define a passage 225 between top opening 226 and bottom opening 228 of box 210 for fluid communication of a ventilation duct up through box 210 to an atmospheric opening above top opening 226.
  • Cradles 211a, 211c are formed in the upper sides of opposing sidewalls 224a and 224c respectively.
  • the apparatus shown is suitable as a drop in solution to sealing vent passages from storm waters by lowering it into a ventilation shaft to rest on walls of the shaft.
  • a grating (not pictured) covers top opening 226. In normal operation, operator access to the interior of box 210 is through the grating.
  • an exemplary embodiment as described herein employs a quadrilateral box support 210, some locations may allow use of a support in the shape of a hollow cylinder also having stops 230 proximate a bottom opening of the support, and this form is comprehended within the scope of the invention.
  • Stops 230a, 230 b, 230c and 230d in the form of corner braces in box 210 are within and connected to sidewalls 224 proximate bottom opening 228 and do not obstruct passage 225.
  • Adjacent sidewalls include a base 227 having rounded corners 227a, 227d above respective stops 230a, 230d, and a base 229 having rounded corners 229b and 229c above respective stops 230b, 230c.
  • Rounded corners 227a, 227d and 229b, 229c have a round corner radius of curvature.
  • a beam 242 comprising extruded tubing unobstructively horizontally spans across passage 225 and connects to opposed sidewalls 224a, 224c of box 210 proximate top opening 226.
  • Beam 242 is lodged in cradles 211a, 211c, and is conveniently lowered into channels 211a, 211c by operators holding beam foldable handles 212a, 212c.
  • Beam 242 and straps 244 described below comprise a suspension member for equipment described below.
  • Beam 242 and its attached equipment can be lowered into place as a complete assembled unit 201 after box 210 is installed in ventilation shaft resting on flanges 220. This assembled unit 201 can be removed from box 210 for servicing by withdrawing beam 242 from channels 211a, 211c by means of handles 212a, 212c.
  • a suspension member comprising a beam 242 and straps 244 for supporting equipment described below
  • a suspension member may be employed other than beam 242 and straps 244, for example a suspension member can be a single unitary vertically extending solid or fenestrated plate suspending the hinged panels the same as beam 242 and straps 244.
  • An advantage of the described beam 242 and straps 244 is a lighter weight imposing a lesser load on flanges 220 than a solid plate, but a fenestrated plate would serve a lighter load advantage as well, albeit likely a more costly element.
  • a hinge mounting member 245 unobstructively horizontally spans across passage 225 the same as beam 242 connected by a plurality of straps 244a, 244b, 244c, 244d to beam 242. Lodged in cradles 211a and 211c, beam 242 and hinge mounting member 245 spanning between sidewalls 224a, 224c are centered in passage 225 of box 210 with beam 242 directly over hinge mounting member 245. Hinge mounting member 245 mounts and supports a plurality of hinge members 243. Hinge members 243 each comprise a stationary member 243b, a moveable member 243a and a hinge pin 243c that interconnects stationary member 243b and moveable member 243a. Stationary member 243b connects to hinge mounting member 245.
  • a pair of opposing panels 234, 236 each having proximal and distal portions, respectively 234a, 234b and 236a, 236b, are connected at proximal portions 234a, 236a by moveable hinge members 243a to stationary hinge members 243b and thereby to a hinge mounting member 245 and from hinge mounting member 245 via straps 244a, 244b to beam 242.
  • the connection of moveable hinge members 243a to the proximal portions 234a, 236a of panels 234, 236 on hinge pins 243c forms respective pivot axes of panels 234, 236 for vertical rotation of panels 234, 236.
  • Panels 234, 236 rotate in directions opposite each other from or to an upright home position tucked under beam 242.
  • Panels 234, 236 have a top side plate 238 and a bottom side 232.
  • Bottom side 232 is crisscrossed with internal cross braces 237, 239 for rigidity.
  • the distal portions of the panels have rounded corners 219 with a radius of curvature substantially the same as the radius of curvature of the sidewall corners 229a, 229b, 229c and 229d they sweep when rotating to the passage closing position.
  • the panels include peripheral distal and lateral seals 221, 222 for sealing the passage in the passage closing position, seals 221a, 222a for panel 234 and seals 221b, 222b for panel 236.
  • a gasket seal 223 (223a for panel 234, 223b for panel 236) spans the proximal ends of bases of panels 234, 236 below pin 243c and seals bottom opening 228 at the proximal ends of panels 234, 236 when the panels are in the passage closing position. At least one of the panels, such as panel 236 is fitted with a drain 270 intermediate the proximate and distal ends of the panel, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B , and further described below.
  • each panel 234, 236 topside 238 includes a recess 233 or 233'.
  • the recess contains a panel holder latch catch 235 for panel 234, 235' for panel 236 (latch catch 235' is shielded from view in FIG. 1 but will be understood to be the same and operate the same as latch catch 235).
  • a panel holder 240 latch 247 for panel 234, 249 for panel 236 (latch 249 is shielded from view in FIG. 1 but will be understood to be the same and operate the same as latch 247.)
  • Panel holder 240 inclusive of latches 247, 249 is carried by the suspension member 242.
  • Latches 247, 249 are vertically pivotal on a horizontal axis 254 at a proximate end of the latches.
  • the latches axis 254 is parallel to the panel axes of pins 243c paralleling either side of hinge mounting member 245.
  • Each panel holder latch 247, 249 pivotally extends externally from latch axis 254 distally to an inferior return having a sloped surface ending at an inset notch 251, 251'.
  • Recesses 233, 233' and latches 247, 249 are horizontally and vertically aligned with each other such that when panel 234, 236 is rotated vertically upward, the inferior return of latch 247, 249 is brought into sliding contact with ramp 241, 241' carried by the panel and the sloped surface of the latch slides on ramp 241, 241' until inset notch 251, 251' passes over latch catch edge, 235, 235', capturing latch 247, 249. This capture holds panel 234, 236 in home position 213.
  • Panel holder 240 is movably suspended from suspension member 242 by a rod 246 connected to panel holder 240.
  • Rod 246 is mounted through beam 242 vertically slideably translatable through a brace 255 fastened between straps 244b, 244c and terminates above beam 242 at T-handle 252 under a cover 253 sheltering T-handle 252 from pedestrian view through a grating covering quadrilateral support 210.
  • Cover 253 reduces if not avoiding gratuitous tampering with the apparatus and unwanted deployment of the panels by mischief makers.
  • Rod 246 and T-handle 252 comprise a panel releaser.
  • the T-handle provides convenient holding, such as by a projection or hook of a reach tool that can be vertically inserted through a small opening in a grating covering support 210 to reach under cover 253 and hook T-handle 252 for lifting panel holder 240.
  • Lifting rod 246 by T-handle 252 moves panel holder 240 upwardly to cause moveable members 247, 249 to lose their hold on catch 241, 241' and release panels 234, 236, allowing panels 234, 236 to rotationally gravitationally fall solely by impetus of their own weight from the upright home position 213 to the lower passage closing position 215.
  • Drain 270 comprises a hollow conduit 271 passing through panel 236 and has an opening 272 open at panel top side 238.
  • a self actuating drain closure indicated generally by reference numeral 273, includes a plug 274 suitably pivoting rotatably on an axis 275 parallel to the panel axis 243c of panel 236. Plug axis 275 is positioned between drain conduit 271 and the distal end 236b of panel 236.
  • plug 274 is manually pivoted upwardly on pivot axis 275 to remove the plug from drain opening 272 while panel 236 is in the passage closing position, to drain flooding water contained in box 210 that has been prevented by panels from entering ventilation shafts guarded by apparatus 200.
  • panel 236 is pivotally raised upward to the home position after drainage of box 210 to allow resumption of ventilation between the atmospheric opening and the protected ventilation duct, plug 274 by force of gravity automatically pivots downward to place the plug in conduit opening 272.
  • panel 236 has spaced posts 276, 276' fixedly mounted to the top side 238 of panel 236 between drain 270 and distal end 236b of panel 236.
  • a pivot axis rod 275 is supported parallel to the axis 243c of panel 236 by posts 276, 276' and spans between the posts above top side 238 of panel 236.
  • Drain closure 273 comprises a plug arm 277 pivotally rotating cooperatively at one end 277a thereof with pivot axis rod 275 for movement of arm 277 to a raised drain opening position and to a lowered drain closing position.
  • Pivot axis rod 275 may be fixed to posts 276, 276' with plug arm 277 rotating on pivot axis rod 275, or pivot axis rod 275 may rotate in posts 276, 276' with plug arm 277 fixed to pivot axis rod 275.
  • Plug arm 277 comprises an attachment projection 278 remote from pivot axis rod 275.
  • Plug 274 further comprises a concave sealing gasket 280, a top plate 281 and a bottom plate 282, both smaller in size than gasket 280.
  • the drain conduit 271 is a cylinder
  • the top and bottom plates 281 and 282 are circular discs
  • the concave gasket 280 is circular.
  • Other complementary conduit, gasket and plate shapes may be used, circular being suitable and perhaps less complicated but not necessary.
  • Concave sealing gasket 280 is secured between top and bottom plates 281 and 282 by fasteners 283 in holes 284, 284'. At least bottom plate 282 is of a size configured to enter and plug conduit opening 272.
  • Plates 281, 282 sandwiching gasket 280 expose an outer upwardly concave gasket portion 280' extending above bottom plate 281. Plates 281, 282 are fixedly connected to plug arm 277 at attachment projection 278, thereby locating a center of gravity of plug 274 past pivot axis rod 275 in the direction of drain 270.
  • Plug arm 274 suitably includes an inferior relief 279 intermediate the attachment projection and a terminus of arm 274 remote from rod 275 and plug axis 275 for hooking capture of plug arm 274 by a projection such as 291on hooking reach tool 290.
  • An operator insert tool 290 through an opening in a grating covering the support 210, hooks the inferior relief 279 and lifts tool 290 to raise the captured arm 274 to remove plug 274 from drain opening 270 to drain box 210 while panel 236 is in passage closing position 215.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 the same reference numerals are used as in FIGS. 8-12 where applicable for a variation of the plug 274.
  • the variant plug is indicated generally by reference numeral 310.
  • FIG. 15 compares to FIG. 11 .
  • Plug 310 places the location where a reach tool such as 290 can capture plug arm 277 at an inset 310 formed in the distal end 311 of plug arm 277 above top plate 210.
  • Bottom plate 282 is configured to an inverted frustoconical member of greater mass and deeper reach into opening 272 of drain conduit 270, increasing the center of gravity of plug arm 277
  • FIGS. 18 -191A another exemplary embodiment employs a single panel.
  • Components in the single panel embodiments that are the same as in the exemplary pair of panels embodiments have the same reference numbers as in the exemplary pair of panels embodiments.
  • the single panel exemplary embodiment assumes a rectilinear atmospheric opening of a vertical ventilation shaft and allows ventilation as usual through the shaft to an underground ventilation duct fluidly communicating through the ventilation shaft to an atmospheric opening at a grating over the shaft and on threat of flooding is operable to prevent downward flow of surface water into the underground ventilation duct.
  • the single panel exemplary embodiment like the pair of panels exemplary embodiments comprises a support embodied as a four-sided vertical box open at bottom and top to define a passage 225 between top and bottom openings of the box support.
  • a support embodied as a four-sided vertical box open at bottom and top to define a passage 225 between top and bottom openings of the box support.
  • Exemplary flanges, e.g. 220b, 220c horizontally extend and rest atop vertical walls of a ventilation shaft (flanges 220a, 220d are not indicated by reference numerals in FIGS 18-19A but are understood from the prior embodiments).
  • Support box sidewalls 224b, 224c and 224d are visible in the sectional views FIGS 18A and 19 A (sidewall 224a will be understood from descriptions of the embodiments of the pair of panels.
  • the four sidewalls 224a, 224b, 224c, 224d of box 218 vertically fit inside the four vertical ventilation shaft walls, as in the pair of panels exemplary embodiments.
  • Stops like stops 230a, 230d in the pair of panels exemplary embodiments are within and connected to sidewalls, respectively, 224a, 224b and 224a, 224d, proximate bottom opening like 229 in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS.4-5A where they do not obstruct passage 225.
  • Adjacent sidewalls include a base 227 having rounded corners 227a, 127d above respective stops 230a, 230d.
  • Cradles 211a, 211c are formed in the upper sides of opposing sidewalls 224a and 224c respectively, adjacent sidewall 224d.
  • the apparatus shown is suitable as a drop in solution to seal vent passages from storm waters by lowering it into a ventilation shaft to rest on walls of the shaft.
  • a grating (not pictured) covers top opening 226. In normal operation, operator access to the interior of the support box is through the grating.
  • a beam 242 comprising extruded tubing unobstructively horizontally spans across passage 225 and connects to opposed sidewalls 224a, 224c of box 210 adjacent side wall 224d and proximate top opening 226.
  • Beam 242 is lodged in cradles 211a, 211c, and is conveniently lowered into channels 211a, 211c by operators holding beam foldable handles 212a, 212c.
  • Beam 242 and straps 244 comprise a suspension member. Beam 242 and its attached equipment can be lowered into place as a complete assembled unit after the support box is installed in ventilation shaft resting on flanges 220. This assembled unit can be removed from the support box for servicing by withdrawing beam 242 from channels 211a, 211c by means of handles 212a, 212c.
  • a hinge mounting member 245 unobstructively horizontally spans across passage 225 the same as beam 242 connected by a plurality of straps 244 to beam 242 (only 244d is seen in the sectional views of FIGS. 18A and 19A ).
  • beam 242 and hinge mounting member 245 spans between sidewalls 224a, 224c adjacent sidewall 224d with beam 242 directly over hinge mounting member 245.
  • Hinge mounting member 245 mounts and supports a plurality of hinge members 243.
  • the hinge members 243 each comprise a stationary member 243b, a moveable member 243a and a hinge pin 243c that interconnects stationary member 243b and moveable member 243a, stationary member 243b connecting to hinge mounting member 245.
  • FIG. 19A only moveable member 243a is referenced to avoid obfuscation of elements,
  • a single panel 236 having proximal and distal portions, respectively are connected at proximal portion 236a by moveable hinge members 243a to stationary hinge members 243b and thereby to a hinge mounting member 245 and from hinge mounting member 245 via straps 244a, 244b, 244c and 244d to beam 242, as in the pair of panels exemplars.
  • the connection of moveable hinge members 243a to the proximal portion 236a of panels 236 on hinge pins 243c forms a pivot axis of panels 236 for vertical rotation of panel 236.
  • Panel 236 rotates from or to an upright home position tucked under beam 242.
  • Rotation of panel 236 upwardly (counterclockwise in the exemplary embodiment show) to home position is effected manually as further described below.
  • the home position of panel 236 tucked under beam 242 does not occlude passage 225.
  • Panel 236 in rotation falls solely under the gravitational impetus of its own weight from the upright home position to a lower passage closing position where further rotation is prevented by stops 230a, 230d.
  • Each panel has a profile that closes the passage when the panels gravitationally rotate to the passage closing position.
  • panel 236 the same as panel 236 in the pair of panels exemplar includes a recess 233' that contains a panel holder latch catch 235'.
  • Panel holder 240 inclusive of latch 249 is carried by the suspension member 242.
  • Latch 249 is vertically pivotal on a horizontal axis at a proximate end of the latches. The latch axis is parallel to the panel axes of pins 243c.
  • Panel holder latch 249 like latch 247 in FIG. 6 pivotally extends externally from the latch axis distally to an inferior return having a sloped surface ending at an inset notch 251'.
  • Recess 233' and latch 249 are horizontally and vertically aligned with each other such that when panel 236 is rotated vertically upward, the inferior return of latch 249 is brought into sliding contact with ramp 241' carried by the panel, and the sloped surface of the latch slides on ramp 241' until inset notch 251' passes over latch catch edge 235', capturing latch 249. This capture holds panel 234, 236 in home position 213. As in the case of the pair of panels exemplar, the placement of the latch and latch catch can be reversed.
  • panel holder 240 is movably suspended from suspension member 242 by a rod 246 connected to panel holder 240.
  • Rod 246 is mounted through beam 242 slideably translatable through a brace 255 fastened between straps 244b, 244c and terminates above beam 242 at T-handle 252 under a cover 253 sheltering T-handle 252 from pedestrian view through a grating covering quadrilateral support 210.
  • Rod 246 and T-handle 252 comprise a panel releaser.
  • the T-handle provides convenient holding, such as by a projection or hook of a reach tool that can be vertically inserted through a small opening in a grating covering support 210 to reach under cover 253 and hook T-handle 252 for lifting panel holder 240.
  • Lifting rod 246 by T-handle 252 moves panel holder 240 upwardly to cause moveable members 247, 249 to lose their hold on catch 241, 241' and release panels 234, 236, allowing panels 234, 236 to rotationally gravitationally fall solely by impetus of their own weight from the upright home position 213 to the lower passage closing position 215.
  • the single panel exemplary embodiment includes a lift arm 260' having a proximal end 261' pivotally connected by pivot pin 267 to the bottom side of panel 236 on a pivotation axis parallel to the hinge axis 243c and a distal end 263', the lift arm 260' being of dimension to contact distal end 263' with opposed lateral sidewall 224b when distal end 263' is pivoted upward inside sidewall 224b for exertion of lateral force onto connected panel 236 being raised with panel handle 259' to complete rotation of panel 236 into the home position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Patch Boards (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Ermöglichen von Belüftung durch einen vertikalen Belüftungsschacht zu einem unterirdischen Belüftungskanal, der durch den Belüftungsschacht mit einer atmosphärischen Öffnung des Schachts in Fluidverbindung steht und bei drohender Überflutung manuell betätigbar ist, um das Abwärtsfließen von Oberflächenwasser in den unterirdischen Belüftungskanal zu verhindern, die Folgendes umfasst:
    ein Auflager (210) mit gegenüberliegenden lateralen Seitenwänden (224) zur Anordnung in dem genannten Schacht, das einen Durchgang zwischen einer oberen (226) und einer unteren (220) Öffnung des Auflagers für eine Fluidverbindung des genannten Belüftungskanals durch das genannte Auflager nach oben zu der genannten atmosphärischen Öffnung definiert,
    ein oder mehrere Paneele (234; 236) mit proximalen und distalen Enden (234a; 234b; 236a; 236b), einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite, wobei das genannte proximale Ende mit einem horizontalen Scharnier (243) mit einer Scharnierachse lotrecht zu den gegenüberliegenden lateralen Seitenwänden (224) zum Drehen jedes genannten Paneels (234; 236) nach oben in eine aufrechte Ausgangsposition, die den genannten Durchgang nicht versperrt, und zum Drehen aus der genannten Ausgangsposition nach unten durch die Schwerkraft seines eigenen Gewichts verbunden ist, um eine untere Durchgangsverschlussposition zu erreichen, wobei die genannten ein oder mehreren Paneele ein Profil haben, das den genannten Durchgang verschließt, wenn sich jedes genannte Paneel unter Schwerkraft in die genannte Durchgangsverschlussposition dreht,
    ein Aufhängungselement (242; 244), das den genannten Durchgang (225) ungehindert horizontal überspannt, der auf den genannten gegenüberliegenden lateralen Seitenwänden (224) in der Nähe der genannten oberen Öffnung (226) getragen wird und die genannten ein oder mehreren gelenkig verbundenen Paneele (234; 236) in dem genannten Durchgang in der Nähe der genannten unteren Öffnung hält,
    einen Abfluss (270) in mindestens einem der genannten ein oder mehreren Paneele (234; 236) zwischen dem genannten proximalen und distalen Ende davon, wobei der genannte Abfluss (270) eine Leitung (271) umfasst, die durch das genannte Paneel (234; 236) verläuft; wobei die genannte Leitung (271) eine Öffnung (272) an der genannten Paneelenoberseite (231) und einen selbsttätigen Abflussverschluss (273) an jedem genannten Paneel mit einem Abfluss aufweist, wobei der genannte Verschluss einen Stopfen (274) umfasst, der um eine Abflussstopfenachse (275) drehbar ist, die zwischen der genannten Abflussleitung (271) und dem genannten distalen Ende jedes genannten Paneels angeordnet ist, wobei die genannte Abflussstopfenachse (275) parallel zu der genannten horizontalen Gelenkachse verläuft, wobei der genannte Stopfen (274) manuell auf der genannten Ablassstopfenachse (275) nach oben schwenkbar ist, um den genannten Stopfen aus der genannten Ablassöffnung (272) zu entfernen, um oberhalb der genannten ein oder mehreren Paneele enthaltenes Wasser abzulassen, wenn jedes genannte Paneel in der genannten Durchgangsverschlussposition ist, wobei der genannte Stopfen (274) durch die Schwerkraft seines eigenen Gewichts automatisch nach unten schwenkt, um den genannten Stopfen (274) in der genannten Leitungsöffnung zu platzieren, wenn das den genannten Abfluss enthaltende genannte Paneel (234; 236) schwenkbar nach oben in die genannte Ausgangsposition angehoben wird, so dass die Leitungsöffnung bereits geschlossen ist, wenn sich das Paneel durch Schwerkraft nach unten in die genannte Durchgangsverschlussposition dreht.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der genannte Stopfen (274) ferner eine nach oben konkave Dichtung (280) um den genannten Stopfenumfang herum umfasst, um jeglichen Raum zwischen dem genannten Stopfenumfang und der genannten Leitungsöffnung abzudichten, wenn sich das genannte, den genannten Stopfen (274) enthaltende Paneel in der genannten Durchgangsverschlussposition befindet.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei jedes genannte, einen genannten Abfluss (270) enthaltende Paneel (234; 236) beabstandete Pfosten (276; 276') aufweist, die fest an der genannten Oberseite jedes genannten Paneels (234; 236) zwischen dem genannten Abfluss (270) und dem genannten distalen Ende jedes genannten Paneels (234; 236) montiert sind, und wobei die genannte Abflussstopfenachse einen Stab (275) umfasst, der parallel zu der genannten horizontalen Scharnierachse von den genannten Pfosten (276; 276') getragen wird und sich zwischen den genannten Pfosten oberhalb der genannten Paneeloberseite erstreckt, wobei jeder genannte Abflussverschluss Folgendes umfasst:
    einen Stopfenarm (277), der an einem proximalen Ende des genannten Arms mit oder auf dem genannten Stab (275) für eine Bewegung des genannten Arms in eine angehobene Abflussöffnungsposition und in eine abgesenkte Abflussverschlussposition schwenkbar ist, wobei der genannte Stopfenarm einen von dem genannten Stab (275) entfernten Befestigungsvorsprung aufweist,
    eine nach oben konkave Dichtung (280),
    eine obere Platte (281) und eine untere Platte (282), die beide kleiner als die genannte Dichtung (280) sind,
    wobei die genannte konkave Dichtung (280) zwischen der genannten oberen und unteren Platte (281; 282) befestigt ist, wobei zumindest die genannte untere Platte (282) eine Größe hat, die zum Eintreten in die und Verschließen der genannte(n) Leitungsöffnung konfiguriert ist, wobei die genannten Platten (281; 282) einen äußeren, nach oben konkaven Dichtungsabschnitt exponieren, der sich über die genannte untere Platte (282) erstreckt, wobei die genannten Platten fest mit dem genannten Arm an dem genannten Befestigungsvorsprung verbunden sind, der einen Schwerpunkt des genannten Arms hinter der genannten Schwenkachse des genannten Stabs (275) in der genannten Richtung des genannten Abflusses (270) anordnet, so dass, nachdem ein den genannten Abfluss (270) enthaltendes Paneel (234; 236) einen genannten Stopfenarm (277) in der genannten angehobenen Position hat, um Wasser oberhalb des Paneels abzulassen, während das genannte Paneel in der genannten Durchgangsverschlussposition ist, wenn das genannte Paneel, das den genannten Abfluss (270) mit dem genannten Stopfenarm (277) in der angehobenen Position enthält, nach oben in Richtung der genannten Ausgangsposition gedreht wird, der genannte Stopfenarm (277) aufgrund der genannten, auf den genannten Schwerpunkt des genannten angehobenen Stopfenarms (277) wirkenden Schwerkraft den genannten Stopfenarm von der angehobenen Position nach unten in eine Position parallel zu dem genannten Paneel (234; 236) dreht, wodurch zumindest die genannte Bodenplatte (282) in der genannten Leitungsöffnung platziert wird, wodurch die genannte Öffnung mit dem äußeren, nach oben konkaven Dichtungsabschnitt (280) verschlossen wird, der den Raum zwischen den genannten Platten und der genannten Öffnung abdichtet.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei der genannte Stopfenarm (277) ein Relief an einer Unterseite des Arms distal von dem genannten Stab (275) zum Erfassen des Arms durch ein Armhebegreifwerkzeug aufweist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei der genannte Stopfenarm (277) eine Aussparung an einem Ende des Arms entfernt von dem genannten Stab (275) zum Erfassen des Arms durch ein Armhebegreifwerkzeug aufweist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei die genannte Abflussleitung ein Hohlzylinder ist, die genannte obere und untere Platte (281; 282) kreisförmige Scheiben sind und die genannte konkave Dichtung (280) kreisförmig ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Bodenplatte (282) eine umgekehrte kegelstumpfförmige Platte ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei der genannte Stab (275) an den genannten Pfosten (276; 276') befestigt ist und der genannten Stopfenarm sich auf dem genannten Stab (275) dreht.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei sich der genannte Stab (275) in die genannten Pfosten (276; 276') dreht und der genannte Stopfenarm (277) an der Schwenkachse des genannten Stabs (275) befestigt ist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das genannte Auflager (210) einschließlich der genannten lateralen Seitenwände (224) so bemessen ist, dass es innen in den genannten vertikalen Schacht zwischen dem genannten Lüftungskanal und der genannten atmosphärischen Öffnung passt, wobei das genannte Auflager ferner horizontale Flansche (220) quer zu den genannten Seitenwänden umfasst, die über eine Oberseite des Schachts vorstehen, um das genannte Auflager in dem genannten Schacht aufzuhängen.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die genannte atmosphärische Öffnung geradlinig und das genannte Auflager (210) viereckig ist.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das genannte Aufhängungselement einen Träger (242) mit vertikal hängenden Bändern (244) umfasst, die das genannte horizontale Scharnier (243) und die mit dem genannten horizontalen Scharnier verbundenen genannten Paneelen (234; 236) halten.
  13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, wobei das genannte horizontale Scharnier (243) ein von dem genannten Aufhängungselement (242; 244) gehaltenes Scharniermontageelement (245) und mehrere an dem genannten Scharniermontageelement (245) montierte Scharnierelemente (243) umfasst.
  14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der genannte Schacht vertikal ist und das genannte Auflager (210) einschließlich der Seitenwände so bemessen ist, dass er innen in den genannten Schacht zwischen dem genannten Lüftungskanal und der genannten atmosphärischen Öffnung passt, wobei das genannte Auflager (210) ferner Flansche (220) quer zu den genannten Seitenwänden (224) zum Überlagern einer Oberseite des genannten Schachts umfasst, um das genannte Auflager (210) in dem genannten Schacht aufzuhängen, wobei die genannten Seitenwände das genannte Aufhängungselement (242; 244) tragen.
  15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, die ein Paar der genannten Paneele (234; 236) umfasst, in denen die genannte atmosphärische Öffnung geradlinig ist, wobei das genannte Auflager (210) vierseitig ist, das genannte Aufhängungselement einen Träger (242) umfasst, der mittig zwischen den genannten gegenüberliegenden lateralen Seitenwänden (224) zum Montieren der genannten Paneele (234; 236) in dem genannten Durchgang zur Drehung der Paneele in einander entgegengesetzten Richtungen von oder zu der genannten aufrechten Ausgangsposition getragen wird, die den genannten Durchgang nicht behindert, wobei der genannte Träger (242) vertikal aufgehängte Bänder (244) aufweist, die das genannte horizontale Scharnier (243) und die mit dem genannten horizontalen Scharnier verbundenen genannten Paneele halten.
EP17828564.9A 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Hochwasserschutz für unterirdische belüftungsöffnungen Active EP3485115B1 (de)

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PCT/US2017/042220 WO2018013974A1 (en) 2016-07-15 2017-07-14 Flood protection for underground air vents

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CN109707268A (zh) * 2019-01-02 2019-05-03 湖南沄辉科技股份有限公司 一种防淹门控制柜
CN109707449B (zh) * 2019-01-07 2020-07-28 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 一种下翻式防水闸门装置
CN109723486A (zh) * 2019-01-09 2019-05-07 河南理工大学 一种具有自动复位功能的煤矿立风井防爆门
CN110792475B (zh) * 2019-01-28 2021-03-19 通号城市轨道交通技术有限公司 防淹门防护方法和装置

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EP3485125A4 (de) 2020-04-01
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JP2019525125A (ja) 2019-09-05
EP3485115A1 (de) 2019-05-22
WO2018013977A1 (en) 2018-01-18
EP3485125C0 (de) 2023-10-18
JP2019527809A (ja) 2019-10-03
EP3485125B1 (de) 2023-10-18
WO2018013981A9 (en) 2018-04-05
WO2018013974A1 (en) 2018-01-18
WO2018013970A1 (en) 2018-01-18
EP3485116B1 (de) 2023-10-25
WO2018013981A3 (en) 2018-03-15
EP3485116A1 (de) 2019-05-22
EP3485114A4 (de) 2020-04-01
EP3485117B1 (de) 2023-09-27
EP3485114A1 (de) 2019-05-22
EP3485114B1 (de) 2023-09-27
ES2936510T3 (es) 2023-03-17
JP2019525126A (ja) 2019-09-05
WO2018013984A1 (en) 2018-01-18
JP2019523382A (ja) 2019-08-22
EP3485114C0 (de) 2023-09-27
EP3485116A4 (de) 2020-04-01
EP3485115A4 (de) 2020-04-01
EP3485117C0 (de) 2023-09-27
JP2019527806A (ja) 2019-10-03
EP3485117A4 (de) 2020-04-01
EP3485125A1 (de) 2019-05-22
EP3485116C0 (de) 2023-10-25

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