EP3476807A1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation d'adoucissement de l'eau à pesage du récipient de réserve - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation d'adoucissement de l'eau à pesage du récipient de réserve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3476807A1
EP3476807A1 EP18198760.3A EP18198760A EP3476807A1 EP 3476807 A1 EP3476807 A1 EP 3476807A1 EP 18198760 A EP18198760 A EP 18198760A EP 3476807 A1 EP3476807 A1 EP 3476807A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regeneration
storage vessel
salt
cycle
regeneration cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP18198760.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3476807B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Schwarz
Sebastian BROCKE
Eckard Massa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Judo Wasseraufbereitung GmbH
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Judo Wasseraufbereitung GmbH
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Priority to PL18198760T priority Critical patent/PL3476807T3/pl
Publication of EP3476807A1 publication Critical patent/EP3476807A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J49/05—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of fixed beds
    • B01J49/06—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of fixed beds containing cationic exchangers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J49/75—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of water softeners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J49/80—Automatic regeneration
    • B01J49/85—Controlling or regulating devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C02F2209/006—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising a software program or a logic diagram
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/42—Liquid level
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters

Definitions

  • Such a method is from the DE 10 2013 011 751 A1 known.
  • Softened water is often desired or needed in households or even in technical installations for a variety of reasons. Frequently, water softening systems based on ion exchange resin are used for this purpose.
  • An ion exchanger absorbs the hardness formers (calcium and magnesium ions) and does not release hardness-forming ions (usually sodium ions).
  • the ion exchange resin can bind only a limited amount of hardness (depletion of the ion exchange resin) and must therefore be regenerated from time to time. For regeneration, the ion exchange resin is typically exposed to a brine.
  • the amount of salt used in a regeneration can be determined by the volume of brine used.
  • regenerant solution the brine used for regeneration
  • concentration of Regenerant solution is not known exactly. The concentration depends in particular on the salt dissolution time, the temperature, the mode of preparation (such as tablet shape and tablet size) of the solid salt and also on the geometry of the storage vessel in which the regenerant solution is prepared.
  • a concentrated brine is often diluted before it is used as a regenerant solution.
  • a conductivity sensor can be used, cf. the DE 10 2010 028 756 A1 .
  • the use of conductivity sensors in comparatively high concentration saline solutions is difficult due to corrosion; Correspondingly resistant electrode materials are very expensive.
  • the US 2011/0084030 A1 describes a plant for providing hypochlorite solution, wherein a reservoir is arranged on a weighing device that monitors the weight of the container and a level in the container.
  • concentration of the hypochlorite solution when filling the container is known and is entered into a controller.
  • a current concentration of the hypochlorite solution is determined based on the initial concentration and a deposited degradation curve.
  • This object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned, which is characterized that solid regeneration salt is stored in the storage vessel for the production of the regenerant solution, in the context of the regeneration cycle at least once regenerant solution is removed from the storage vessel and at least once the water is supplied to the storage vessel, wherein at the end of the regeneration cycle the same liquid level in the reservoir is reached as at the beginning of the regeneration cycle, and that a salt amount M RZ used for regeneration in this regeneration cycle is determined according to the difference of the masses of the reservoir including its content at the beginning of the regeneration cycle and at the end of the regeneration cycle.
  • the amount of regenerating agent (salt", for example NaCl salt) used in a regeneration cycle essentially from weight changes (mass changes) of the storage vessel, including its contents, observed with the weighing device.
  • concentration of the regenerant solution is not necessary; Typically, within the scope of the invention, the concentration of the regenerant solution is also not determined since it is not needed.
  • the method does not rely on comparatively inaccurate water meters, such as to determine the volume of spent regenerant solution; typically within the scope of the invention, the volume of the regenerant solution used is not determined because it is not needed.
  • suitable commercial weighing devices for the storage vessel are inexpensive and relatively accurate.
  • a liquid level in the reservoir basically no sensors are needed; a liquid level can be adjusted in particular by suitable placement of a suction opening and / or an overflow; it is also possible to use mechanical valves actuated by float bodies.
  • the detection or monitoring of a liquid level with sensors should this be desired, relatively easy, since a sensor for this purpose need not be exposed to the corrosive regenerant solution.
  • the density of the supplied water and the density of the removed regenerant solution differ, with the density increasing with increasing concentration of the regenerant solution. This results in a mass difference that can be determined by means of the weighing device.
  • the volume of replenished water and withdrawn regenerant solution is nearly equal throughout a regeneration cycle, due to the return to the original liquid level. Accordingly, it is possible to determine the difference between the masses at the beginning and at the end of the regeneration cycle, the amount of solid regenerant used (removed from the container) during the regeneration cycle. Note that one or more withdrawals of replenisher solution and one or more additions of water in any order within the Regeneration cycle can take place.
  • the regenerant solution taken during a regeneration cycle is fed to the softener.
  • the amount of salt M RZ used can be determined by determining the masses of the storage vessel, including its contents, at the beginning of the regeneration cycle and at the end of the regeneration cycle, at the same liquid level, and their difference is formed directly. However, it is also possible to track (determine) partial mass changes of individual steps or groups of steps of regenerant solution extraction and / or water addition in the regeneration cycle, and of the partial mass changes (by means of sums and / or differences) to calculate the total amount of salt M RZ used in the regeneration cycle.
  • phases of softening operation and regeneration cycles typically alternate; but it is also possible, for example, that take place between two phases of the softening operation several regeneration cycles.
  • the invention enables the determination of the actual salt consumption of each individual regeneration cycle. If desired, the salt consumption of the individual regeneration cycles can also be used to trace a residual amount of solid regenerating salt in the storage vessel in order to determine a refilling requirement.
  • the weighing device and the storage vessel are surrounded by a housing in order to prevent inadvertently additional external weights (or even direct vibrations) from acting on the weighing device and / or the storage vessel and thus distorting weight measurements.
  • the amount of salt M RZ used in the regeneration cycle for the regeneration is determined.
  • a mass M1 RZ and / or a mass M3 RZ is set to control a salt amount M RZ used in the regeneration cycle for the regeneration, with M1 RZ : sum of masses M1 Ez of all withdrawal cycles of the regeneration cycle, and M3 RZ : sum of masses M3 EZ of all Removal cycles of the regeneration cycle. If in step E1.2) more water is supplied (M1 EZ thus increased), so then also more regenerant in E1.3) must be removed, so that ⁇ M EZ ⁇ M1 EZ . Similarly, ⁇ M EZ ⁇ M3 EZ . Thus, the amount of salt M RZ can be easily adjusted via M1 RZ and M3 RZ . It should be noted that in the case of only one regeneration cycle, the sum M1 RZ or the sum M3 RZ has only one summand.
  • the process comprises several regeneration cycles, in particular, wherein the regeneration cycles alternate with phases of a softening operation of the water softening system in which water flowing through the softening device is softened, a first set value SW1 is defined for a salt quantity to be used for regeneration per regeneration cycle, and that process parameters, in particular the masses M1 EZ and / or M3 EZ , are adapted in the withdrawal cycles, in particular iteratively adapted, that the salt quantities M RZ of the regeneration cycles are adjusted to the first desired value SW1.
  • the process can be performed particularly economically and reliably. An unnecessary consumption of salt which does not regenerate any further capacity in an ion exchange resin is avoided. Conversely, incomplete regeneration due to insufficient use of salt, which does not provide the full softener capacity, is avoided.
  • the first setpoint is typically stored in an electronic control device.
  • the duration of a subsequent phase of a softening operation is shortened compared to a standard duration of a phase of the softening operation which would be applied without falling below the target value SW1. If the setpoint value SW1 is undershot, the full softening capacity of the softening device is not available after regeneration. By shortening the subsequent softening operation, a hardness breakthrough is avoided or the softening capacity is restored in good time before exhaustion.
  • Particularly preferred is a variant, wherein one or more withdrawal cycles are set up and respectively ⁇ M EZ is determined, in which the sum of the differences ⁇ M EZ of all previous withdrawal cycles of the regeneration cycle is compared with the first target value SW1 in a regeneration cycle after passing through a respective withdrawal cycle, and when the first setpoint value SW1 is undershot, another removal cycle is connected until the setpoint value SW1 is reached.
  • the first setpoint value SW1 can be adhered to quite precisely by this procedure.
  • the amount of salt used typically measured carefully, ie rather too low than too high.
  • a final regeneration cycle for one or more subsequent regeneration cycles a saline solution, in particular from a supply of water according to E1.2) or E2.3) until the next removal of regenerant from the reservoir according to E1.3) or E2.2), compared to a last-used salt dissolution time extended.
  • concentration of the regenerant solution in the storage vessel increases after a refill of water, with sufficient time until the saturation concentration is reached (or all remaining solid regenerating salt is dissolved); the time course of the dissolution process is particularly dependent on the temperature and the dosage form of the solid regenerating agent in the storage vessel.
  • the concentration of the regenerant solution is too low due to a short saline release time, in this variant, the saline release time for the future can be increased and thus the concentration can be increased, whereby the first target value SW1 is approximated better.
  • a second desired value SW2 is used for a salt quantity to be used for regeneration per regeneration cycle is defined, and falls below the second setpoint SW2 by the amount of salt M RZ a last regeneration cycle normal operation in which alternates regeneration cycles and phases of the softening operation of the water treatment plant is terminated and is changed to a special operation.
  • the regenerant solution becomes increasingly dilute after the addition of water.
  • the amount of salt used in a regeneration of regeneration to regeneration decreases more and more, until finally the target value SW2 is reached or is undershot by M RZ .
  • the second set value SW2 is smaller than the first set value SW1, preferably with SW2 ⁇ 0.5 * SW1.
  • the softening device in special operation, is blocked for softening water, in particular wherein the softening device is bypassed with a bypass and / or the softening device is filled with a preserving solution becomes.
  • a bypass By blocking a useless flow through the softener is avoided; if bypass is not used, this will also prevent damage to a downstream water installation by hard water ("complete water stop").
  • a further supply of the downstream water installation can be ensured with non-softened water, which is preferred in the case of non-hardness-sensitive water installations against a complete water stop (for example, if the softening is desired mainly for reasons of comfort).
  • a preservative solution contamination of the softening device can be prevented.
  • a further operation of the softening device (with a reduced softening function) may be permitted for a short time during a transition to special operation.
  • the change in the special operation and / or the state of the special operation is indicated by one or more alarm messages, in particular visually and / or acoustically and / or electronically, such as a control room, and / or by radio, such as a mobile phone .
  • the alarm message informs a water softening system operator that there is a lack of salt so that the operator can quickly remedy this lack of salt and reset applications that require softened water.
  • a minimum absolute amount MINB of the gradient dm / dt is defined, falls below a malfunction of Regenerierstoffieri is determined from the storage vessel, and / or that in a phase of a softening operation, a maximum absolute value MAXB of the gradient dm / dt is defined, above which a leakage of the storage vessel is determined.
  • the liquid level in the storage vessel in particular the liquid level N1 in E1.3) and / or the liquid level N2 in E2.3
  • a mechanical valve by means of a floating body, which on the regenerant in the Storage vessel floats, is operated, in particular wherein the mechanical valve is arranged in or on a supply and / or withdrawal line in the storage vessel.
  • the use of a float-operated mechanical valve is simple and robust.
  • the operation of the mechanical valve in the time course of the weight m of the storage vessel including content as a function of time t can be easily detected (as a "kink"), whereby other control functions can be triggered, such as Stop a flow of motive water at an injector.
  • the liquid level in the storage vessel can also be detected electronically (for example with an electric switch operated via a float, or via an optical measurement or a microwave measurement) and a motorized valve in a supply and / or withdrawal line corresponding to the electronic liquid level. Capture be controlled.
  • liquid level N1 via the lower end of a suction line in the storage vessel, and the adjustment of the liquid level N1 is then carried out by suction until no regenerant is promoted more.
  • Another advantage is a variant which provides that the weighing device is used to track the weight m of the storage vessel, including its contents, as a function of time t, and that a completion of a removal of regenerant solution, in particular according to E1.3), and / or a completion of a supply of water, in particular according to E2.3), from the time course m (t) is determined, in particular wherein the conclusion of the temporal gradient dm / dt is determined.
  • the time course m (t) can easily be followed with the weighing device, so that a further sensor for determining the terminations of steps E1.3) or E2.3) is not required, which is particularly cost-effective.
  • the determination is particularly simple when the liquid level is via a mechanical valve operated by a float (see above). In this case, the time course m (t) has an easily recognizable kink.
  • the softening device comprises a plurality of containers with ion exchange resin, and that the containers are regenerated in the same regeneration cycle.
  • a preferred development, in which one or more removal cycles are set up, provides that in step E1.3) and / or in step E2.2) regenerant solution removed from the storage vessel is conveyed successively into different containers, in particular containers in which in step E1.3) and / or step E2.2) just no regenerant solution is being promoted, while step E1.3) and / or step E2.2) maintain a softening function for water flowing through the water softening system.
  • regenerant solution removed from the storage vessel is conveyed successively into different containers, in particular containers in which in step E1.3) and / or step E2.2) just no regenerant solution is being promoted, while step E1.3) and / or step E2.2) maintain a softening function for water flowing through the water softening system.
  • the salt quantity ⁇ M EZ determined for a discharge cycle or the salt quantity M RZ determined for a regeneration cycle can still be approximately assigned to the containers in accordance with the masses conveyed into the containers.
  • the Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a water softening system 1 for the invention.
  • the water softening system 1 presented here is designed to be able to carry out a removal cycle with the steps E1.1) to E1.4).
  • a softening device 21 does not receive softened water, for example from a local drinking water network.
  • the incoming raw water is completely or partially softened by the softening device 21 and flows through a softened water drain 3, in particular to a local water installation such as the water supply system of a house or a dwelling.
  • the softening device 21 here comprises a container 4 filled with a regenerable ion exchange resin 5; In other embodiments, several containers with ion exchange resin, in particular for a Pendulum or parallel operation, be provided.
  • an electronic control device 6 Integrated into the softening device 21 here is an electronic control device 6, which controls the water flows of the water softening system as a whole.
  • a storage vessel 7 is set up, in which solid regenerating salt (regenerating agent) 8, here NaCl in tablet form, is stored.
  • solid regenerating salt 8 Above the solid regenerating salt 8 is an aqueous regenerant solution 9 containing dissolved regenerating salt.
  • a float 12 On the surface of the regenerant solution 9, at the current liquid level 11, floats a float 12 which is connected to a mechanical valve 13.
  • the mechanical valve 13 blocks in the event of suction of regenerant 9 from the storage vessel 7, the water flow when the liquid level 11 to the in Fig. 1 dashed lower liquid level N1 has fallen.
  • the instantaneous weight or the mass of the storage vessel 7, including its contents can be determined with a weighing device 14.
  • the mechanical valve 13 is formed at the lower end of a suction and refill line 15, which leads into the storage vessel 7.
  • the suction and refill line 15 is connected to a pump 16, with the aid of which regenerant solution 9 can be pumped from the storage vessel into the softening device 21.
  • In the suction and refill 15 also opens a line for refill water 17, in which a valve 18 is arranged. Raw water can be admitted from the inlet 2 into the storage vessel 7 via the line 17.
  • Spent regenerant solution charged to the ion exchange resin 5 may be drained through a drain 19 in a sewer 20.
  • the electronic control device 6 can in particular read out the weighing device 14, activate and deactivate the pump 16, and open or close the valve 18. If desired, it is also possible to additionally provide a sensor (for example on the floating body) with which the current liquid level in the storage container 7 can be determined. In addition, the control device 6 can switch between softening mode and regeneration mode and for this switch valves in the softening device 21 (not shown in detail).
  • a removal cycle during a regeneration cycle can proceed as follows: starting from the liquid level N1 10, the reservoir 7, a defined mass M1 Ez is supplied to water via the lines 17, 15. The liquid level rises, cf. the drawn liquid level 11. The mass increase is monitored by means of a weighing device 14. As soon as the mass M1 EZ is supplied, the valve 18 is closed. In the storage vessel 7 is the solid regenerating salt 8, which gradually dissolves in the water supplied to form a regenerant 9. After feeding the mass M1 EZ to water regenerant solution 9 is removed via line 15 by means of the pump 16 immediately or preferably delayed. Alternatively, the regenerant 9 can be sucked with an injector from the storage vessel 7 (not shown in detail).
  • the mass decrease during the removal of regenerant solution 9 is determined by the weighing device 14. As soon as the current liquid level 11 again reaches the liquid level N1 10, the mechanical valve 13 actuated via the float body 12 closes. The total mass decrease then corresponds to M2 EZ .
  • the volumes of water supplied and removed regenerant solution are identical.
  • the volumes themselves need not be determined.
  • the influence of the amount of salt used by different concentrations of the regenerant solution 9 is detected, without the concentration of the regenerant solution is determined.
  • an upper liquid level N2 may also be defined, for example by means of a float valve actuated mechanical valve which closes upon reaching the upper liquid level N2 (not shown) to establish a discharge cycle with steps E2.1) to E2.4) ,
  • the Fig. 2 shows the general explanation of the weight change of a storage vessel (as in Fig. 1 shown) during filling and suction with water without regeneration salt. Applied to the top is the weight of the storage vessel including contents, to the right the time. In each case a solid mass M1 Ez is filled with water from the solid liquid level N1, and then pumped back to the liquid level N1.
  • the mass increase during refilling of water into the storage vessel (step N) and the mass decrease during the aspiration of water from the storage vessel (step A) are identical.
  • Fig. 3 now the weight change when filling with water and suction of regenerant solution is shown in the storage vessel; now fixed regeneration salt is kept in the storage vessel according to the invention. Applied to the top is the weight of the storage vessel including contents, to the right the time. It in turn is in each case from the solid liquid level N1 a solid mass M1 EZ filled with water, and then pumped back to the liquid level N1.
  • the aspirated regenerant solution (step A, marked here beginning and end) is heavier due to the salt content than the corresponding volume of refilled water (step N, again marked beginning and end).
  • the resulting weight change ⁇ X per withdrawal cycle corresponds to the amount of salt ⁇ M EZ used per withdrawal cycle.
  • the total weight (storage vessel + solid regeneration salt + regenerant solution + topped up water) continues to decrease after each withdrawal cycle, according to salt consumption.
  • Fig. 4 is the weight change of the storage vessel including contents at the end of a withdrawal (see step A in FIG Fig. 3 ) shown enlarged. Plotted on the top is the weight m of the storage vessel including contents, to the right is the time t.
  • a mechanical valve actuated by a float closes the suction line as soon as the predetermined liquid level N1 is reached, recognizable by the "kink" in the curve. The level is then constant and the weight detection beyond the Knicks exact and reproducible.
  • the location of the bend can be determined, in particular, by determining the temporal gradient dm / dt of the upward applied weight m as a function of the time t applied to the right.
  • the temporal derivative dm / dt the location of the bend as a step is easily recognizable (see inserted schematic diagram).
  • a minimum absolute value MINB of the gradient dm / dt can be defined for the times of removal (on the left in the inserted diagram) his. If the amount of dm / dt does not reach the MINB value, assume that the pump is faulty or a line is clogged, which should be indicated by an alarm.
  • a maximum absolute value MAXB of the gradient dm / dt can be defined for times of a softening operation (on the right in the inserted diagram) which, if exceeded, can be assumed to be a leakage of the storage vessel (typically such that regenerant solution drips out of it, but possibly also so that raw water drips into the storage vessel).
  • the dashed line shows the situation without a mechanical valve; the liquid level is then determined via the vertical position of a suction opening ("lower end") of the suction and refill line. That is, it is removed as long regenerant solution from the storage vessel until the liquid level reaches the lower end of the suction line.
  • the weight gradually approaches a minimum (as increasingly not only regenerant solution, but also air is sucked in), and the end of the removal process is not well defined and thus the weight detection less accurate.
  • the Fig. 5 illustrates the dependence of the amount of salt used per regeneration or removal cycle on the amount of water supplied and the brine release time.
  • the method according to the invention detects the amount of salt actually consumed at different concentrations of the regenerant solution, without the concentration itself having to be determined.
  • the Fig. 6 Illustrates by way of example the sequence of the method according to the invention for operating a water softening system in a first variant.
  • the water softening system can this particular as in Fig. 1 be constructed shown.
  • the softening device is used for softening of passing water. If the water softening system detects a depletion or early depletion of the softening device, for example, based on an amount of water that has flowed through the softening device since the last regeneration cycle, the water softening system switches over in a regeneration cycle 105.
  • the regeneration cycle 105 here comprises two removal cycles 101, 102, in each of which regenerant solution is removed from the storage vessel.
  • the liquid level of the regenerant solution (RML) in the storage vessel is first set to N1 110. If appropriate, regenerant solution is pumped off or water is filled in; however, often the liquid level of the regenerant solution is set to N1 through a previous draw cycle, so no corrections are needed in step 110.
  • an electronic control device amount of water, typically raw water from a connected Drinking water supply network, the mass M1 EZ filled into the storage vessel 120.
  • the liquid level rises in the storage vessel.
  • the weighing device follows the added mass, and as soon as M1 EZ is filled in, the further water supply is stopped.
  • the added water then has the opportunity for a salt dissolving time to dissolve solid regenerating salt in the storage vessel; usually the salt dissolution time is between 2 minutes and 24 hours, preferably between 5 minutes and 60 minutes.
  • Regenerating agent solution is then removed from the storage vessel and conveyed 130 for the purpose of regeneration in the softening device or via the ion exchange resin located there until the liquid level has fallen back to N1.
  • the removed regenerant solution is passed undiluted through the ion exchange resin here; but it is also possible to dilute the regenerant before it is passed to the ion exchange resin, in particular to increase the Besalzung efficiency.
  • the time when liquid level N1 is reached is determined by a float which actuates a mechanical valve which interrupts the suction flow of regenerant solution.
  • the mass loss M2 EZ associated with the removal of the regenerant solution is determined.
  • the difference AM EZ M2 EZ - M1 EZ of the first sampling cycle 101 is determined 140.
  • the difference ⁇ M EZ alternatively also directly over a measured weight (mass) of the storage vessel including its contents at the beginning of step 120 and a measured Weight (mass) of the storage vessel including its contents at the end of step 130 can be determined.
  • Step 150 the first target value SW1 corresponds to a salt quantity to be taken for the entire regeneration cycle 105. If so, as in the variant shown, a second removal cycle 102 now follows.
  • the second removal cycle 102 again comprises the adjustment of the liquid level of the regenerant solution to N1, which already took place in step 130 and therefore requires no further measures.
  • the step 130 is thus here associated with both removal cycles 101, 102. If desired, the liquid level in the storage vessel can additionally be checked again at this time and corrected if necessary (not shown in detail).
  • a mass M1 Ez is introduced into the storage vessel in water 160;
  • the mass M1 Ez of the second sampling cycle 102 is different from the mass M1 Ez of the first sampling cycle 101, in particular smaller than the mass M1 EZ of the first sampling cycle 101.
  • regenerant solution is then pumped out again and fed to the softening device to further regenerate them until the liquid level has dropped back to N1 170.
  • mass loss M2 EZ is determined.
  • the amount of salt M RZ used can also be determined directly as the difference in the mass of the storage vessel including its contents at the beginning of step 120 and at the end of step 170.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a second variant of an operating method according to the invention a water softening system, which is similar in large parts of the first variant, so that only the essential differences will be explained.
  • an electronic control device which automatically performs regeneration cycles of the water softening system, first reads a standard value for the mass M1 EZ , with which an amount of salt M RZ used in accordance with the first setpoint value SW1 is usually reached in only one removal cycle 101 per regeneration cycle 105 can. Phases of a softening operation 100 alternate with regeneration cycles 105.
  • each regeneration cycle 105 only one withdrawal cycle 101 takes place here, with the steps of setting the regenerant solution (RML) to the liquid level N1 110, feeding the mass M1 EZ of water 120, withdrawing the regenerant solution (RML) back to the level N1, determining the Mass loss M2 EZ 130, and determination of the difference ⁇ M EZ 140, as already explained above.
  • the standard value loaded in step 210 is used for M1 EZ . Since only one removal cycle 101 takes place, ⁇ M EZ is equal to the total amount of salt M RZ 220 used in the regeneration cycle 105.
  • M RZ is below the first set value SW1 230. If so, it is noted for the next regeneration cycle that a larger amount M1 EZ than in the just ended regeneration cycle 105 is to be used 240. Typically, the electronic control device sets the Quantify the next applicable value M1 EZ at this time and save it.
  • a longer salt dissolution time between steps 120 and 130 may be applied 241 in the next regeneration cycle.
  • the longer salt dissolution time may increase the concentration of the regenerant solution if the saturation concentration does not yet exist at the previous salt dissolution time was achieved.
  • the subsequent phase of the softening operation 100 is shortened 242 from a standard duration to provide only partial recovery of the softening capacity of the softening apparatus Regeneration cycle 105 to be considered.
  • the shortening can in particular be proportional to the falling below SW1 by M RZ .
  • step 230 If it is determined in step 230 that M RZ is not below SW1, then it is checked whether M RZ is above SW1 250. If so, it is noted for the next regeneration cycle that there is a smaller amount M1 Ez in it than in the just completed regeneration cycle 101. Typically, even in this case, the electronic control device quantitatively sets and stores the next applicable value M1 EZ at that time. Then, the next phase of the softening operation 100 is changed.
  • M RZ from the just completed regeneration cycle 105 corresponds exactly to the first setpoint SW1 (for which a certain interval may also be defined), and it can be used without modification for the Mass M1 Ez for the next regeneration cycle in the softening operation 100 are changed.
  • FIG. 8 A third variant of a method according to the invention for operating a water softening system is presented. Only the essential differences to the previous variants are shown. In this variant, in turn, softening operation 100 and regeneration cycles 105 alternate. In each regeneration cycle 105 only one removal cycle 301 is provided here in each case.
  • regenerant solution RML
  • the current fluid level may also simply be set to N2.
  • a mass M3 EZ of regenerant solution 320 is pumped from the storage vessel into the softening device; the mass M3 EZ or its weight is determined with the weighing device.
  • a first part of the mass M3 EZ is first conveyed 321 into a first container with ion exchange resin in order to regenerate it.
  • a second part of the mass M3 EZ is conveyed 322 in a second container with ion exchange resin, in order to regenerate this too.
  • the container which is not being charged with regenerant solution maintains a softening function during the regeneration cycle 105.
  • the difference ⁇ M EZ M3 EZ - M4 EZ is then determined 340.
  • This difference ⁇ M EZ corresponds to the total amount of salt M RZ 350 used in the regeneration.
  • ⁇ M EZ or M RZ can also be calculated as the difference between the masses of the storage vessel and its contents on the Beginning at step 320 and at the end of step 330.
  • M RZ is below a second set value SW2 360.
  • the second setpoint defines a minimum amount of salt that is at least needed for partial regeneration of the softening device in order to restore a water softening function which is still usable.
  • the second setpoint value SW2 is typically not undershot by M RZ ; In this case, it can be assumed that the softening function of the softening device has been restored sufficiently and can be returned to the softening operation 100.
  • the softening function can no longer be maintained and a special operation 103 is changed.
  • an alarm message 370 is triggered, and generates, for example, a continuous warning tone on the electronic control device.
  • the water softening system is transferred to a bypass operation 380, in which the softening device is shut off, and a bypass with respect to the softening device for the incoming raw water is set, so that not softened raw water is provided directly at the outlet of the water softening system , Only after replenishment of solid regeneration salt can be returned to normal operation (with regeneration cycles 105 and phases of softening operation 100), typically beginning with a regeneration cycle 105.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating a water softening system (1), whereby a determination of the amount of regeneration salt used during a single regeneration cycle (105).
  • a storage vessel (7) containing solid regeneration salt (8) is arranged on a weighing device (14).
  • regenerator solution (9) is removed from the storage vessel (7) in any order at least once, which is fed to the softening device (21), and at least once refilled water into the storage vessel (7), so that the Liquid level (11) not changed overall.
  • the total over the regeneration cycle (105) mass decrease which is based on the difference in density of removed regenerant solution (9) and refilled water, is determined by the weighing device (14) and corresponds to the amount of salt M RZ used in the regeneration cycle (105).
  • the amount of salt M RZ withdrawn in a regeneration cycle (105) can be determined, in particular, as the sum of the amounts of salt ⁇ M EZ respectively withdrawn in all removal cycles (101, 102, 301) of the regeneration cycle (105). With the invention, the salt consumption of a regeneration cycle can be determined accurately in a simple manner.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
EP18198760.3A 2017-10-25 2018-10-05 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation d'adoucissement de l'eau à pesage du récipient de réserve Active EP3476807B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL18198760T PL3476807T3 (pl) 2017-10-25 2018-10-05 Sposób działania instalacji zmiękczania wody, z ważeniem zasobnika

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DE102017219063.9A DE102017219063A1 (de) 2017-10-25 2017-10-25 Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Wasserenthärtungsanlage, mit Wiegen des Vorratsgefäßes

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CN (1) CN109704440B (fr)
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022079158A1 (fr) * 2020-10-15 2022-04-21 Vivonic Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'unité d'adoucissement d'eau
FR3120862A1 (fr) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-23 Patrick TANASI Procédé de contrôle à distance d’une installation d’adoucissement d’eau, un système de contrôle et une installation d’adoucissement

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WO2020231436A1 (fr) * 2019-05-16 2020-11-19 A.O. Smith Corporation Détecteur de dureté d'eau en continu et système de commande d'adoucisseur d'eau
CN115490299A (zh) * 2022-09-05 2022-12-20 佛山市顺德区美的饮水机制造有限公司 水质软化控制方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质
CN116774612A (zh) * 2023-04-27 2023-09-19 开能健康科技集团股份有限公司 软水再生剂用量控制方法、系统及存储介质

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DE102010028756A1 (de) * 2010-05-07 2011-11-10 Judo Wasseraufbereitung Gmbh Verfahren zur Regeneration einer Wasserenthärtungsanlage

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DE102013011751A1 (de) 2013-07-13 2015-01-15 Manfred Völker Chlormessung/Filterprüfung/Solebehälterüberwachung einer Wasseraufbereitungsanlage
DE202015009050U1 (de) * 2015-10-09 2016-08-01 Judo Wasseraufbereitung Gmbh Wasserenthärtungsanlage eingerichtet zur Konservierung eines Ionenaustauscherharzes mittels Salzsole
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US20020195403A1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2002-12-26 Hiroyuki Takeda Water softening device and method for regeneration control thereof
DE102010028756A1 (de) * 2010-05-07 2011-11-10 Judo Wasseraufbereitung Gmbh Verfahren zur Regeneration einer Wasserenthärtungsanlage

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022079158A1 (fr) * 2020-10-15 2022-04-21 Vivonic Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'unité d'adoucissement d'eau
FR3120862A1 (fr) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-23 Patrick TANASI Procédé de contrôle à distance d’une installation d’adoucissement d’eau, un système de contrôle et une installation d’adoucissement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109704440A (zh) 2019-05-03
EP3476807B1 (fr) 2020-11-25
CN109704440B (zh) 2022-05-17
DE102017219063A1 (de) 2019-04-25
ES2842949T3 (es) 2021-07-15
PL3476807T3 (pl) 2021-07-26

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