EP3472465B1 - Walzenkolben für eine hydraulische maschine mit integriertem zentrierelement zur begrenzung der reibung mit einer walze - Google Patents

Walzenkolben für eine hydraulische maschine mit integriertem zentrierelement zur begrenzung der reibung mit einer walze Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3472465B1
EP3472465B1 EP17729511.0A EP17729511A EP3472465B1 EP 3472465 B1 EP3472465 B1 EP 3472465B1 EP 17729511 A EP17729511 A EP 17729511A EP 3472465 B1 EP3472465 B1 EP 3472465B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
piston
recess
centering element
pad
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EP17729511.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3472465A1 (de
Inventor
Hervé DESUMEUR
Ante Bozic
François Xavier LELAY
Philippe Lucienne
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Poclain Hydraulics Industrie
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Poclain Hydraulics Industrie
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0408—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0426—Arrangements for pressing the pistons against the actuated cam; Arrangements for connecting the pistons to the actuated cam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of pistons and in particular roller pistons.
  • the invention advantageously finds use in hydraulic machines with radial pistons.
  • roller piston is used to refer to a piston adapted to slide in a complementary chamber along a longitudinal axis and which carries at one of its ends a roller mounted to rotate about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis and which rests on an associated part.
  • Roller pistons are used in particular in hydraulic devices. Some of these devices have a cylinder block comprising a plurality of radially distributed cylinders each comprising a roller piston bearing on a lobed cam. The relative rotation of the cylinder block with respect to the lobed cam induced by a hydraulic pressure applied in the cylinders drives a shaft or vice versa, that is to say that the mechanically induced relative rotation makes it possible to generate a fluid pressure.
  • a hydraulic pressure applied in the cylinders drives a shaft or vice versa, that is to say that the mechanically induced relative rotation makes it possible to generate a fluid pressure.
  • Such devices are described for example in documents FR 2 651 836 and FR 2 955 903 .
  • a piston 1 generally comprises a body A110 comprising a cylindrical guide surface A111 centered on a longitudinal sliding axis C-C '.
  • the upper part A110a of the body has the shape of a cradle recess A112 for accommodating a roller 120 intended to roll on a lobed cam.
  • the pistons 1 follow the shape of the cam during a relative rotational movement of the cylinder block with respect to the cam and perform thus back and forth movements inside their cylinder along the sliding axis C-C '.
  • the patent FR 2,561,836 offers centering elements A130 placed on the lateral faces of the body A110 and orthogonal to the rolling axis RR 'of the rollers 120. These guide elements A130 accompany the piston 1 in its movement along the sliding axis CC' and prevent the translation of the roller 120 along its rolling axis R-R '.
  • a guide groove A131 provided on the outer surface of the centering elements A130 allows a clip (not shown) fixed in the cylinder block to come into engagement in the guide groove A131 and so prevent the piston from rotating along its sliding axis C-C '.
  • the document FR 2 899 650 has a bearing A140 of complementary shape to the cradle A112 of the piston 1 and which is housed at the bottom thereof.
  • the A140 bearing is made of one or more friction limiting materials to promote the rolling of the roller 120.
  • the upper edges of the recess A112 and the A140 bearing have stop or retaining surfaces A113, which consist of a protrusion or Advanced draft of the wall from the top edges inward.
  • the cradle A112 is produced by a specific machining restart operation in a direction transverse to the axis of the piston.
  • this technique combined with the necessary presence of A130 guide elements to position the roller, involves high complexity and manufacturing costs: elements requiring several machining operations, additional assemblies, robotic and manual deburring, etc.
  • the document WO2012010241 illustrated by the figure 1c , has a piston comprising an A110 body with an A112 cradle achievable by sintering in particular.
  • the upper part 110a does not extend more than 180 degrees around the cradle recess and forms divergent edges. Otherwise, rework operations would be necessary.
  • Pistons close to the invention are also disclosed in DE 10 2006 012458 .
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising a piston as described above and a bearing adapted to be positioned at the bottom of the recess.
  • the pad comprises a shape complementary to the convex shape, so that it is locked in rotation along the axis of rotation by the convex shape of the centering element.
  • the pad has a divergent edge, that is to say that it closes at less than 180 ° along the rolling axis, or with converging edges, that is to say that it closes. strictly more than 180 °.
  • the pad comprises at least one cut angle.
  • the invention also relates to a system comprising an assembly as described above and a rolling roller, the bearing being configured to be interposed between the bottom of the recess and said roller, to facilitate the rolling of the roller in the 'obviously.
  • the roller orthogonally to the rolling axis, is defined a flat rolling section and a flat end section at the axial end of the roller, said rolling section corresponding to the section of the roller intended to roll on the bearing, and wherein said end section has an area smaller than the rolling section.
  • the roller comprises at the end a surface comprising a conical part of revolution or a frustoconical part of revolution or a spherical cap or a cylindrical part of revolution.
  • the invention also relates according to the first aspect to a hydraulic machine comprising a lobed cam and a cylinder block comprising a plurality of radially disposed cylinders and a plurality of systems as described above, each system being housed in a cylinder, the roller possibly coming in contact with the lobed cam.
  • the roller is in contact with the lobed cam whatever the operating mode of the hydraulic machine.
  • the invention also relates according to the first aspect to a method of manufacturing a piston as described above, in which the piston is produced by applying a uniaxial compressive force to a material to be formed, no other force being exerted. on matter.
  • the piston is manufactured by sintering, stamping, die-stamping, or injection molding.
  • the invention also proposes a method for assembling an assembly as described above, using a manufacturing method as described above, comprising a step of lining the cradle with a pad.
  • the bearing is crimped to the piston.
  • the crimping is carried out along the centering element, outside the top of the convexity.
  • the crimping is carried out on the pad at the level of the cut corners.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising a piston as described above and a bearing adapted to be positioned at the bottom of the recess.
  • the pad comprises at least one tongue to be housed in a corresponding notch groove.
  • the pad comprises a tongue configured to be housed in the bore.
  • the pad has a divergent edge, that is to say that it closes at less than 180 ° along the rolling axis, or with converging edges, that is to say that it closes. strictly more than 180 °.
  • the pad comprises at least one cut angle.
  • the invention also relates to a system comprising an assembly as described above and a running roller, the bearing being configured to be interposed between the base. of the recess and said roller, to facilitate the rolling of the roller in the recess.
  • the roller orthogonally to the rolling axis, is defined a flat rolling section and a flat end section at the level of the axial end of the roller, said flat rolling section corresponding to the section of the roller intended for rolling on the bearing, and wherein said end section has an area smaller than the rolling section.
  • the roller comprises at the end a surface comprising a conical part of revolution or a frustoconical part of revolution or a spherical cap or a cylindrical part of revolution.
  • the invention also relates according to the second aspect to a hydraulic machine comprising a lobed cam and a cylinder block comprising a plurality of radially disposed cylinders and a plurality of systems as described above, each system being housed in a cylinder, the roller possibly coming in contact with the lobed cam.
  • the roller is in contact with the lobed cam whatever the operating mode of the hydraulic machine.
  • the invention also provides a method of manufacturing a piston as described above in which the piston is produced by applying a uniaxial compressive force to a material to be formed, no other force being exerted on matter.
  • the piston is manufactured by sintering, stamping, die-stamping, or injection molding.
  • a step of axial drilling in the groove passing through the centering element is provided.
  • the invention also provides a method of assembling an assembly as described above, using a manufacturing method as described above, comprising a step of lining the cradle with a pad.
  • the bearing is crimped to the piston.
  • the crimping is carried out with a reserve of material present at the bottom of the recess, in the groove, in which the reserve of material is preferably on the upper surface of the step described above.
  • the crimping is carried out on the pad at the level of the cut corners.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising a piston as described above and a pad adapted to be positioned at the bottom of the recess.
  • the bearing has a divergent edge, that is to say that it closes at less than 180 ° along the rolling axis, or with converging edges, that is to say that it closes strictly more than 180 °.
  • the pad comprises at least one cut angle.
  • the invention also relates according to the third aspect to the system comprising an assembly as described above and a rolling roller, the bearing being configured to be interposed between the bottom of the recess and said roller, to facilitate the rolling of the roller in the 'obviously.
  • the roller orthogonally to the rolling axis, is defined a flat rolling section and a flat end section at the level of the axial end of the roller, said flat rolling section corresponding to the section of the roller intended for rolling on the bearing, and wherein said end section has an area smaller than the rolling section.
  • the roller comprises at the end a surface comprising a conical part of revolution or a frustoconical part. of revolution or a spherical cap or a cylindrical part of revolution.
  • the invention also relates according to the third aspect to a hydraulic machine comprising a lobed cam and a cylinder block comprising a plurality of radially arranged cylinders and a plurality of systems as described above, each system being housed in a cylinder, the roller possibly coming in contact with the lobed cam.
  • the roller is in contact with the lobed cam whatever the operating mode of the hydraulic machine.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a piston as described above, with the exception of the pin in which the piston is produced by applying a uniaxial compressive force to a material to be formed, no other force not being exerted on the matter.
  • the piston is manufactured by sintering, stamping, forging, or injection molding.
  • the invention also relates to a method of assembling a pistontel as described above, using a manufacturing method as described above, further comprising a step of inserting the pin into the groove. .
  • the invention also relates to a method of assembling an assembly as described above, using a method for assembling the piston as described above, comprising a step of lining the cradle with a pad.
  • the bearing is crimped to the piston.
  • the crimping is carried out along the centering element, outside the top of the convexity.
  • the crimping is carried out on the pad at the level of the cut corners.
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b , 3a, 3b show different embodiments of the body 110 of a piston 1, some comprising in assembled or exploded view a roller 120 and a bearing 140.
  • the body 110 comprises a guide surface 111, an upper part 110a having a cradle-shaped recess 112, and a lower part 110b, located opposite the upper part 110a.
  • the guide surface 111 is cylindrical, centered on a longitudinal sliding axis C-C ', preferably cylindrical of revolution about the axis C-C'. It makes it possible to guide the piston 1 in a complementary cylinder 2 along the sliding axis C-C ', as mentioned previously.
  • the cradle-shaped recess 112 is adapted to receive a roller 120.
  • the recess 112 preferably has the shape of a semi-cylindrical cavity, of revolution, about a rolling axis RR ′ orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. sliding CC 'and secant thereof.
  • semi-cylindrical is meant a shape corresponds to one half or less than half of a cylinder
  • the semi-cylindrical cradle by definition, closes at less than 180 ° along the rolling axis R-R ', so that it does not close on it: we say that the cradle has divergent edges.
  • the angle ⁇ less than or equal to 180 °, defines the amplitude of the material of the cradle 112.
  • the free opening is therefore greater than 180 ° depending on the cylinder which can be defined by the semi-cylindrical cradle.
  • the angle ⁇ complementary to the angle ⁇ , defines the angle open to the outside.
  • the two angles are defined by two straight lines passing through the axis of rotation R-R ', in a section orthogonal to this axis.
  • the upper part 110a extends less than 180 ° around the roller.
  • a bearing 140 is arranged in said recess 112, between the piston 1 and the roller 120, thus limiting friction.
  • the roller 120 has a complementary external diameter, except for the required clearance and the bearing 140 near, the internal diameter of the cavity forming the recess 112. It is engaged in this cavity forming the recess 112 and rotates on itself according to l 'R-R bearing axle'.
  • the piston 1 is designed so that the rolling axis RR 'of the roller 120 is substantially parallel to the upper surface of the upper part 110a.
  • the cradle 112 has an exactly semi-cylindrical shape and covers exactly 180 ° around the roller 120.
  • the pad 140 closes itself beyond 180 °.
  • the piston 1 is designed so that the rolling axis RR 'is outside the cradle 112.
  • the cradle 112 therefore has a shape which corresponds to only part of a cylinder of revolution, the part being lower or strictly lower than the half of a cylinder.
  • the pad 140 closes on the figure 3b at 180 ° around the roller 120, and therefore extends outside the cradle.
  • the angle ⁇ ' is defined, which is less than or equal to or greater than 180 °, which corresponds to the amplitude of the material of the bearing 140.
  • constraints relating to the bearing 140 illustrated in particular by the arrow in figure 3b , so that it does not touch the lobed cam. These constraints mainly relate to its dimension (length and thickness). The more the pad extends out of the recess, the more its thickness is constrained so as not to touch the lobed cam.
  • Two axial ends 120a, 120b are defined on the roller, each of which comprises a surface S120 (see figures 4a to 4d ).
  • the surface S120 can have different shapes, which will be explained later.
  • a planar rolling section Sr is also defined orthogonally to the rolling axis R-R ', which has the shape of a disc and which corresponds to the part of the roller 120 necessarily in contact with the bearing 140. It is defined in besides a planar end section Se, which corresponds to a section of the roller at an axial end 120a, 120b and which also has the shape of a disc, since the roller 120 is of revolution for reasons of symmetry. As will be seen later, the end section is not necessarily in contact with the bush 140.
  • the sections are planar surfaces.
  • a planar end section Se does not correspond to the surface S120 which may not be planar.
  • a rolling zone 140a is similarly defined for the bearing 140a, on which the roller 120 can be caused to roll (this zone depends on the type of roller 120). On the other hand, depending on the shape of the pad, certain zones 140b cannot be in contact with the roller 120.
  • the pad 140 typically comprises several layers of materials: a first layer of sheet metal of steel or of copper metal, a second sliding layer of a suitable material such as a fluorinated synthetic material, optionally loaded with particles of copper metal. These layers are cut and arched, or rolled, to achieve the desired diameter.
  • the body 110 further comprises at least one centering element 130 acting as a stop to maintain the centering of the roller 120 in the piston 1, that is to say to prevent the roller 120 from exiting axially by translation along the axis of bearing RR 'of the recess 112, on the cylindrical side surface of the body.
  • the centering elements 130 are located in the upper part 110a, on two locations of the cradle recess 112 diametrically opposed with respect to the sliding axis C-C ', in order to prevent a translation of the roller along the axis. bearing R-R '.
  • the piston comprises two centering elements 130 facing each other.
  • the centering element 130 advantageously has a shape to come into contact with only a part of each surface S120 of the axial end of the roller 120.
  • This shape is convex, that is to say- that is, the flat end sections Se all have areas strictly smaller than the flat rolling section Sr.
  • the area of the contact surface is less than 50% of the area of the surface S120 of the end of the roller 120. This part is located on the rolling axis RR 'to limit the frictional resistance torque. .
  • point support is understood to mean a support between the inner face of the centering elements 130 and the surface S120 forming a disc whose surface is less than 20% of the surface S120.
  • the circle formed by the support has an area less than 10% of the area S120, and preferably less than 5%.
  • line support is meant here a support between the internal surface S130 of the centering elements and the surface S120 3 forming a rectangle the area of which is less than 30% of the surface S120.
  • the point contact excludes a peripheral edge of the axial end of the roller 120.
  • the contact surface (which is an end section Se) is a disc (for reasons of symmetry) whose area is less than 50% of the rolling section Sr, preferably 20%, preferably 10%, preferably 5%. When this area is sufficiently small (disc of almost zero radius), one can thus speak of “point contact”.
  • the tangential speed of the roller is more important as one moves away from the center. Frictions occurring farther from the center are likely to generate a greater resistive torque.
  • the body 110, the upper part 110a, the at least one centering element 130 consist of one and the same integral part.
  • the outer surface of the centering elements 130 completes the cylindrical shape of the contact surface 110 so that the piston essentially forms a complete cylinder, the generatrices of which are parallel to the sliding axis C-C '.
  • the assembly forms a cylinder of circular section.
  • the upper part 110a and the centering elements 130 may extend along the sliding axis CC 'above the cradle 112, so that the cavity comprises a semi-cylindrical part at the bottom of a cylindrical orifice the shape of which is rectangular in a section orthogonal to the sliding axis C-C '.
  • the opening at less than 180 ° of the cradle can generate a stress at the level of the rolling axis R-R ', which can be located at the edge of the recess 112, since it is around the axis of RR 'bearing that friction takes place.
  • this friction at the edge can damage the part and generate bearing problems for the roller 120 and the resistance of the materials.
  • the at least one centering element 130 may comprise in its extension along the sliding axis CC ′ a projection 132 in the form of an ear. This projection 132 thus extends, along the sliding axis CC-, beyond the end of the recess 112.
  • contact with the centering element 130 may mean contact with the lug-shaped projection 132 of the centering element 130.
  • the ear-shaped protrusions 132 can have different shapes.
  • the protrusion In a section orthogonal to the rolling axis R-R ', the protrusion has a triangular shape, preferably isosceles (see figure 5a ), or a circular arc shape (see figure 5b ).
  • This form has several purposes: the first consists in ensuring that the ear 132 does not extend beyond the roller 132 (otherwise it could touch the lobed cam), the second consists in limiting the addition of material (for reasons of weight and economy).
  • the lug protrusions also have a triangular shape (see figure 5c ), with an inclined pan of revolution, or in an arc of a circle of revolution (see figure 5d ).
  • This shape can for example be taken up by turning.
  • the centering element 130 has a convex shape 131, 133.
  • the dimensions of the convex shape are the same in any section orthogonal to the sliding axis C-C ', or, at the very least, increase as the we approach the end of the recess 112.
  • the convex shape is centered on the rolling axis R-R '.
  • the convex shape 131 extends over the entire width of the centering element 130 and is concave, that is to say that the internal surface S130 which has a convex shape is oriented towards the outside of the recess 112.
  • the concavity can be achieved using an arc of a circle, or an approximate shape.
  • the convex shape 131 can then be a complementary portion of a cylinder of revolution, so that in any section, the dimensions are the same.
  • the recess 112 then has the shape of a portion of a cylinder of revolution at its axial end.
  • the domed shape 131 can be a portion of a hyperboloid, so that between two successive sections in a plane orthogonal to the sliding axis C-C ', the dimensions change, each section being included in the previous one when going towards the outside of the recess 112.
  • the recess 112 then has the shape of a paraboloid at its axial end.
  • the domed shape 133 extends over the entire width of the centering element 130 and is convex, that is to say that the internal surface S130 which has a convex shape projecting towards the recess 112.
  • Convexity can be achieved using an arc of a circle.
  • the domed shape 133 can then be a portion of a cylinder of revolution, so that in any section, the dimensions are the same.
  • the recess 112 then has the shape of a complementary portion of a cylinder of revolution at its axial end.
  • the domed shape 133 can be a portion of a paraboloid, so that between two sections, the dimensions change.
  • the recess 112 then has the shape of a hyperboloid at its axial end.
  • the domed internal surface 130 is convex, then the cradle recess 112 has a concave shape, and vice versa.
  • the domed shape 139 extends over only a part of the width of the centering element 130 and is convex, that is to say that the internal surface S130 which has a convex shape 139 of the centering element 130 is oriented towards the recess 112 by protruding therefrom.
  • the width of the convex form represents less than 50%, preferably less than 75% of the width of the centering element 130.
  • the domed shape thus creates a protuberance on which the roller 120 rubs at the level of the rolling axis R-R '.
  • This third variant can also be combined with the first or the second variant.
  • the pad 140 has a particular shape, which is complementary to the convex shape used.
  • the complementary shape of the pad 140 can thus come into abutment against the convex shape 131 of the centering element 130, which prevents it from being rotated by the roller 120. It is thus not necessary to provide specific tabs, as described in the document EP2015 / 080375 .
  • the zones 140b of non-contact with the roller 120 are located in the corners of the recess, as illustrated in figure 6b . More precisely, seen from above, the contact zone 140a is represented by the largest rectangle inscribed in the cradle recess 112, said rectangle coming from the surface S130 of the centering element 130. The zones 140b are therefore located on the length of the centering element 130, with the exception of the plumb line of the top of the convexity.
  • the zones 140b are also located in the corners and, seen from above, the contact zone 140a is represented by the largest rectangle inscribed in the cradle recess 112, said rectangle coming from the surface S130 of the centering element 130.
  • the zones 140b are therefore located along the length of the centering element 130, with the exception of the plumb line of the apex of the convexity.
  • the roller 120 advantageously also has a particular shape, as illustrated in figure 7 , and already shown in figures 4a to 4d .
  • the end section Se of the roller 120 has an area smaller than the rolling section Sr of the roller 120.
  • the surface S120 end has a convex shape.
  • the surface of the axial end of the roller may include a frustoconical part of revolution (see figures 4a , 4b and 7 ) or a conical part of revolution (see figures 4c ) or includes a spherical cap (see figure 4d ) or part cylindrical of revolution (see figure 4e ).
  • the frustoconical part of revolution or the conical part may form an angle of between 45 and 90 ° with respect to the rolling axis.
  • the transition between the last rolling section and the first end section can be continuous or else discontinuous (except for the end with a cylindrical part of revolution for example, for which a discontinuity is necessarily necessary so that the area of the section Se, Sr change).
  • the domed shape is convex, that is to say it protrudes inside the recess 112 ( figures 6a and 6b ), we understand that there is no particular condition on the angles or radii of curvature.
  • a standard roller purely cylindrical in shape
  • a roller with a convex S120 end surface will be preferred, in order to generate a point contact.
  • the radius of curvature of the spherical cap must be less than that of the convex shape of the centering element 130.
  • the centering element 130 comprises at least one notch groove 134 located outside the rolling axis R-R '.
  • the notch groove 134 extends over the entire height of the centering element 130, to be able to accommodate a tongue 142 provided in the pad 140 (see figure 8b ). This tongue 142 prevents the bearing 140 from being rotated by the roller 120.
  • the groove 134 is not opposite the axis of rotation of the roller R-R '.
  • the groove 134 of the centering element 130 facing one another is located on the other side of the rolling axis.
  • the centering element 130 comprises two notch grooves on either side of the rolling axis R-R '. More grooves 134 can be provided.
  • the multiplicity of grooves improves the retention of the pad 140 in place.
  • the centering element 130 comprises a convex domed shape 139 as illustrated in the third variant of the first embodiment.
  • the surface S130 which is of convex shape 139 is located between two notch grooves 134 located on a centering element 130.
  • the centering element 130 comprises a convex domed shape as illustrated in the first variant of the first embodiment.
  • the surface S130 of convex shape is therefore located over the entire width of the centering element 130.
  • the end section of the roller 120 has an area smaller than the rolling section to reduce friction. We refer to the description already made.
  • the figures 8th (not to scale and showing only a tongue in a groove), 8f and 8g (magnification of tongue and top surface) illustrate respectively a sectional view, orthogonal to the rolling axis R-R ', and a top view, of the grooves 134. To facilitate crimping, these have at their bottom a step 135, in the direction of sliding C -C ', with a lower surface 135a and an upper surface 135b side by side, so that the bottom of the groove 134 is not flat.
  • the tongue 142 is then positioned on the lower surface 135a and, with a suitable striking tool, the tongue 142 is crimped with the material of the upper surface 135b ( figure 8h and 8g , after hatch crimping).
  • the thickness of the tongue 142 must therefore be less than the difference in level of the step between the two surfaces 135a, 135b.
  • the groove 134 therefore has a greater width than the width of the tongue 142.
  • the bearing 140 In terms of assembly, it is either possible to fit the bearing 140, then the roller 120 and crimp by passing the tools through the groove 134, or to fit the bearing 140, crimp it and fit the roller 120. If the pad 140 surrounds the roller 120 at more than 180 ° to maintain it, the roller 120 can be inserted in force thanks to the elasticity. Alternatively, the crimping is carried out by embossing the material of the groove. There is therefore no need for staging.
  • FIG. 8i Another variant for holding the pad 140 is presented in figures 8i, 8j and 8k .
  • An axial bore 137 is made in the centering element 130, inside the grooves 134.
  • the bore is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation RR '(dotted on the figure 8i ) and aims to create a recess inside which the tongue 142 can come to block.
  • the hole 137 is at the bottom of the recess 112.
  • the tongue 142 has a greater length than that of the groove 134 (see figure 8k ).
  • a hole 137 is made for each groove 134.
  • the pad 140 is inserted, the tongues 142 of which are elastically deformed in the grooves 134, so that once the bottom of the recess has been reached 112 has been reached, the tongues 142 are deployed in the respective hole 137 . If the deformation is not elastic, the tongue 142 can be inserted or folded back by a punch.
  • a hole is drilled at the bottom of the recess, along an axis parallel to the rolling axis R-R '. This hole makes it possible to insert a tab provided on the pad therein and to limit the line contact, in the case of a standard roller, since the hole is located on the top of the convexity.
  • the centering element 130 comprises a groove 136, preferably centered on the rolling axis RR 'and incorporates a pin 138 ( figure 9b ) housed in the groove 136.
  • the groove 136 is not centered.
  • This pin 138 comprises a finger 138a, able to be inserted into the groove 136, and a friction element 138b projecting towards the inside of the recess 112, along the rolling axis R-R ', in order to come into contact with the roller 120.
  • the geometry of the friction element 138b and / or of the roller 120 can be adapted.
  • a straight pin may be suitable.
  • the pin may have a surface curved towards the inside of the recess 112.
  • a standard roller, of cylindrical shape of revolution is suitable.
  • the pin 138 and more precisely the friction element 138b can incorporate a friction material such as bronze or plastic. This material can be in the form of a ball attached to the pin.
  • the friction element 138b extends either over the entire width (or substantially) the entire width of the recess 112, or only part of it. By only a part is meant less than 50% of the width of the recess 112.
  • the finger 138a has the shape of a tenon, which slides in the groove 136 parallel to the sliding axis C-C '.
  • crimping can be carried out after insertion of the pin.
  • the upper surface of the finger 138 is located 1 to 3 mm below a part of the upper surface of the piston at the location of the crimping.
  • the pistons described above find application in particular in hydraulic machines M0 as described in the introduction and whose roller is in permanent contact with the lobed cam M1, and illustrated in figure 10 . In other words, whether the machine is operating, stopped, disengaged or engaged, the roller 120 touches the lobed cam.
  • These machines include a cylinder block M3 within which is radially disposed a plurality of cylinders M2 inside which slides a respective piston 1 when the roller 120 rolls on the lobed cam M1.
  • the M3 cylinder block rotates a drive shaft M4.
  • springs are generally placed under the pistons, resting on the cylinder block and on the lower part 110b of the piston 110.
  • the pistons described above also find application in hydraulic machines such as those described in the introduction and whose piston is retractable in its associated cylinder.
  • An M5 system for managing the pressure of the machine casing is then provided.
  • the pistons retract into their cylinders, which disconnects and deactivates the hydraulic machine.
  • return springs can be provided to return the pistons to the bottom of their cylinder. The two methods can be used together.
  • the roller 120 must then be held in the cradle recess 112 so that it does not fall into the machine. There is then a pad 140 in the cradle recess 112 which closes more than 180 ° around the recess. When the roller 120 is disposed in the recess 112, the pad closes more than 180 ° around the roller, so that it is held radially. Shapes of attachment of the bearing 140 are obtained in the piston by metal deformation.
  • the bush enters the piston by elasticity, or alternatively, it is placed before the striking of forms 118.
  • the roller enters the bush by elastic deformation thereof, and then it is held.
  • the piston presented here is in fact designed to be able to be manufactured by these different processes.
  • a forming apparatus comprising at least two elements movable in translation with respect to one another is used to apply a uniaxial compressive force to a material to be formed. No force or movement in any other direction is exerted on matter.
  • a step of lining a pad is implemented, that is to say a pad is arranged in the cradle recess.
  • the body 110 comprises a peripheral annular groove or groove 150, preferably located at the level of the lower part 110b (see figures 2a and 2b for example).
  • the groove 150 is adapted to receive a seal or sealing ring (not shown and generally referred to as a “segment”), intended to rest slidably on the internal surface of the associated cylinder and thus isolate the cylinder 2 in two parts when the piston 1 is installed.
  • the body 110 of the piston 1 may have a constant diameter over its entire length along the sliding axis CC 'outside the cradle 112 and the aforementioned groove 150 (see figure 3a for example ).
  • the diameter of the body 110 at the level of the lower part 110b, typically below the peripheral groove 150, can thus be less than the diameter beyond the peripheral groove 150, that is to say towards the upper part 110a. In this way, the part of the body 110 below the groove 150, more fragile, is not in contact with the cylinder 2.
  • This narrowing shape can be achieved by the aforementioned methods (see above).
  • the shape of the body 110 of the piston 1 can also be narrowed at the axial ends along the sliding axis CC 'of the piston 1, in the upper part 110a and lower part 110b, in order to optimize the pressure stresses in use (not shown in the figures).
  • this embodiment has an adaptation of the shape of the recess 112 and of the pad 140.
  • the upper part 110 has at least one boss 118 oriented towards the inside of the recess 112.
  • the recess 112 has a semi-cylindrical shape and over a certain axial length (along the axis R-R ') located near at one end, the radius of the semi-cylinder is smaller so that a recess (the boss 118) extends from the upper part 110a towards the interior of the recess 112.
  • the boss 118 does not project in a balcony above the recess 112, which would otherwise mean that the opening angle is not always greater than 180 °. Therefore, the boss 118 is not provided on the centering elements 130.
  • the radius is constant over the entire axial length of the recess 112
  • the pad 140 has near each angle, on two opposite sides, a cutout 144 forming a recess, each cutout allowing the installation of the pad 140 at the level of the bosses 118 (see figure 11b ).
  • the pad 140 Before installation, the pad 140 has a substantially rectangular shape. On each of two opposite faces, the two slits are made, extending in the direction of the other opposite face. For reasons of symmetry, the two cuts 144 are each made at the same distance from the respective nearest edge.
  • the depth of the bosses 118 is less than the thickness of the pad 140, to avoid there being any risk of friction with the roller 120.
  • the bosses 118 are produced before the pad 140 is fitted. Preferably, they come from of the uniaxial process for obtaining the piston 110.
  • the piston 1 can include material reserves 117 at the edge of the recess 112. In this way, when the pad 140 is placed, a crimping can be carried out using a punch on each material reserve, which is deformed to cover the end of the pad 140 and block it in the recess 112 ( figure 12b ). This technique is advantageous for a rigid pad 140. It makes it possible to obtain an assembled piston 1, ie comprising the segment and the bearing which do not come apart. Such a piston is then ready for use.
  • the pad 140 may include at least one cut angle 141, in order to free up space to allow the material displaced by the crimping to come and block the pad 140, without the material reserves 117 extending out of the socket. recess 112.
  • the four angles are cut.
  • the cut angle 141 for crimping is 1 to 3 mm below a portion of the top surface of the piston at the crimping location.
  • the cut angle 141 is located in a plane perpendicular to the axis CC 'and passing substantially at the level of the axis RR'.
  • the pad 140 shown does not necessarily have a shape complementary to the centering element 130 as has been presented in the previous embodiments.
  • the figure 12b can then illustrate a sectional view at the cut corners.
  • planar surface cannot be defined as convex or concave. It should therefore be understood as “strictly convex” or “strictly concave”.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Baugruppe, die umfasst:
    - einen Kolben (1) mit Laufrolle (120), der geeignet ist, eine Rolle (120) aufzunehmen und sich in einem Zylinder (2) entlang einer Verschiebungsachse (C-C') zu verschieben, wobei der Kolben (1) umfasst:
    ∘ einen Körper (110), der eine Führungsfläche (111) aufweist,
    ∘ einen oberen Teil (110a), der eine wiegenförmige Aussparung (112) entlang einer Laufachse (R-R') aufweist, die geeignet ist, die Laufrolle (120) aufzunehmen, wobei die Wiege (112) einen divergierenden Rand aufweist, das heißt, dass sie sich auf weniger als 180° entlang der Laufachse (R-R') schließt,
    ∘ mindestens ein Zentrierungselement (130), das einen axialen Anschlag für die Rolle (120) bildet und ausgestaltet ist, um die axiale Zentrierung der Rolle (120) in der Wiege (112) entlang der Laufachse (R-R') zu halten,
    wobei der Körper (110), das mindestens eine Zentrierungselement (130) und der obere Teil (110a) einteilig integriert gebildet sind und wobei das Zentrierungselement (130) eine ausgebauchte Form (131, 133, 139) aufweist, um nur mit einem Teil der Fläche (S120) eines axialen Endes (120a, 120b) der Rolle (120) in Kontakt zu gelangen, wobei der Teil sich mindestens auf der Laufachse (R-R') der Rolle (120) befindet, derart, dass das Reibungswiderstandsmoment begrenzt wird,
    - ein Lager (140), das geeignet ist, am Boden der Aussparung (112) positioniert zu sein, wobei die Baugruppe dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Lager (140) eine sich mit der ausgebauchten Form ergänzende Form umfasst, derart dass es entlang der Drehachse (R-R') durch die ausgebauchte Form des Zentrierungselements (130) in der Drehung gesperrt ist.
  2. Baugruppe nach Anspruch 1, wobei in jedem Abschnitt orthogonal zu der Verschiebungsachse (C-C') die Abmessungen der ausgebauchten Form des Zentrierungselements (130) identisch sind.
  3. Baugruppe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die ausgebauchte Form (131), vorzugsweise kreisbogenförmig, konkav ist.
  4. Baugruppe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die ausgebauchte Form, vorzugsweise kreisbogenförmig, konvex (133, 139) ist, und somit in Richtung des Inneren der Aussparung (112) hervorsteht.
  5. Baugruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die ausgebauchte Form (133) sich über die gesamte Breite des Zentrierungselements (130) erstreckt.
  6. Baugruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 und 4, wobei die ausgebauchte Form in Richtung des Inneren der Aussparung (112) hervorsteht und sich über lediglich einen Teil der Breite des Zentrierungselements (130), vorzugsweise weniger als 50%, noch mehr zu bevorzugen weniger als 75%, erstreckt.
  7. Baugruppe nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das mindestens eine Zentrierungselement (130) in seiner Verlängerung entlang der Verschiebungsachse (C-C') einen ohrförmigen Vorsprung umfasst.
  8. Baugruppe nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Lager (140) mindestens eine ausgeschnittene Ecke umfasst.
  9. System, das eine Baugruppe nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche und eine Laufrolle (120) umfasst, wobei das Lager ausgestaltet ist, um zwischen dem Boden der Aussparung (112) und der Rolle (120) eingeschoben zu sein, um das Laufen der Rolle (120) in der Aussparung (112) zu erleichtern.
  10. System nach Anspruch 9, wobei an der Rolle orthogonal zur Laufachse (R-R') ein ebener Laufabschnitt und ein ebener Endabschnitt im Bereich des axialen Endes der Rolle (120) definiert sind,
    wobei der Laufabschnitt dem Abschnitt der Rolle entspricht, der dazu bestimmt ist, auf dem Lager (140) zu laufen,
    und wobei der Endabschnitt (Se) einen kleineren Flächeninhalt aufweist als der Laufabschnitt (Sr).
  11. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens einer Baugruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei der Kolben durch Anwenden einer einachsigen Presskraft auf einem zu formenden Stoff ausgeführt wird, wobei keine andere Kraft auf den Stoff ausgeübt wird.
  12. Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 11, wobei der Kolben durch Sintern, Gesenkformen, Prägen oder Spritzgießen hergestellt wird.
  13. Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen einer Baugruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 mittels eines Herstellungsverfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 12, das einen Schritt zum Ausstatten der Wiege mit einem Lager (140) umfasst, wobei das Lager an den Kolben gecrimpt wird.
  14. Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen nach Anspruch 11 für einen Kolben, dessen ausgebauchte Form konvex ist, nach Anspruch 4 bis 6, wobei das Crimpen entlang des Zentrierungselements (130) außer dem Scheitel der Konvexität durchgeführt wird.
  15. Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen nach Anspruch 14 für eine Baugruppe nach Anspruch 8, wobei das Crimpen auf dem Lager im Bereich der ausgeschnittenen Ecken durchgeführt wird.
EP17729511.0A 2016-06-16 2017-06-15 Walzenkolben für eine hydraulische maschine mit integriertem zentrierelement zur begrenzung der reibung mit einer walze Active EP3472465B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1655631A FR3052819B1 (fr) 2016-06-16 2016-06-16 Piston a galet pour machine hydraulique, venu de matiere avec element de centrage forme pour limiter les frottements avec un galet
PCT/EP2017/064726 WO2017216321A1 (fr) 2016-06-16 2017-06-15 Piston à galet pour machine hydraulique, venu de matière avec élément de centrage formé pour limiter les frottements avec un galet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3472465A1 EP3472465A1 (de) 2019-04-24
EP3472465B1 true EP3472465B1 (de) 2020-08-05

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EP17729511.0A Active EP3472465B1 (de) 2016-06-16 2017-06-15 Walzenkolben für eine hydraulische maschine mit integriertem zentrierelement zur begrenzung der reibung mit einer walze

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3472465B1 (de)
CN (1) CN109563819B (de)
BR (1) BR112018076084A2 (de)
FR (1) FR3052819B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2746697C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2017216321A1 (de)

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DE102021124659B4 (de) 2020-09-28 2022-12-29 Daido Metal Company Ltd. Lagervorrichtung in Form eines Halblagers für die zylindrische Rolle des Kolbens einer Radialkolbenmaschine
US12018566B2 (en) 2020-09-28 2024-06-25 Daido Metal Company Ltd. Bearing device for radial piston machine

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FR3100583B1 (fr) * 2019-09-06 2021-09-24 Poclain Hydraulics Ind Piston pour une machine hydraulique à pistons

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DE102021124659B4 (de) 2020-09-28 2022-12-29 Daido Metal Company Ltd. Lagervorrichtung in Form eines Halblagers für die zylindrische Rolle des Kolbens einer Radialkolbenmaschine
US12018566B2 (en) 2020-09-28 2024-06-25 Daido Metal Company Ltd. Bearing device for radial piston machine
US12065933B2 (en) 2020-09-28 2024-08-20 Daido Metal Company Ltd. Bearing device for radial piston machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3052819A1 (fr) 2017-12-22
EP3472465A1 (de) 2019-04-24
CN109563819B (zh) 2020-04-03
CN109563819A (zh) 2019-04-02
BR112018076084A2 (pt) 2019-03-26
RU2746697C2 (ru) 2021-04-19
WO2017216321A1 (fr) 2017-12-21
RU2018147044A3 (de) 2020-09-15
FR3052819B1 (fr) 2019-07-19
RU2018147044A (ru) 2020-07-16

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