EP3470192A1 - Method and device for manufacturing a wood composite board - Google Patents

Method and device for manufacturing a wood composite board Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3470192A1
EP3470192A1 EP17196574.2A EP17196574A EP3470192A1 EP 3470192 A1 EP3470192 A1 EP 3470192A1 EP 17196574 A EP17196574 A EP 17196574A EP 3470192 A1 EP3470192 A1 EP 3470192A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
scattering
particle cake
different
additive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17196574.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3470192B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Kalwa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swiss Krono Tec AG
Original Assignee
Swiss Krono Tec AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PT171965742T priority Critical patent/PT3470192T/en
Application filed by Swiss Krono Tec AG filed Critical Swiss Krono Tec AG
Priority to PL17196574T priority patent/PL3470192T3/en
Priority to EP17196574.2A priority patent/EP3470192B1/en
Priority to ES17196574T priority patent/ES2807541T3/en
Priority to AU2018351778A priority patent/AU2018351778A1/en
Priority to JP2020515674A priority patent/JP7250779B2/en
Priority to UAA202000929A priority patent/UA126922C2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2018/074625 priority patent/WO2019076545A1/en
Priority to CN201880067009.0A priority patent/CN111225777B/en
Priority to US16/641,901 priority patent/US20200198174A1/en
Priority to RU2020107017A priority patent/RU2765816C2/en
Publication of EP3470192A1 publication Critical patent/EP3470192A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3470192B1 publication Critical patent/EP3470192B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
    • B27N3/146—Controlling mat weight distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0209—Methods, e.g. characterised by the composition of the agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/029—Feeding; Proportioning; Controlling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/006—Pretreatment of moulding material for increasing resistance to swelling by humidity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/005—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing

Definitions

  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out such a method.
  • Wood-based panels are currently used in a wide variety of applications, for example as a floor covering, as wall cladding, in furniture construction or in structural timber construction.
  • Wood-based materials are made of wood particles and adhesive, which are usually pressed in a continuous process under heat and pressure to wood-based panels. This method is known as "hot pressing" and can be carried out continuously or clocked.
  • Known representatives of wood-based panels are, for example, OSB (Oriented Strand Board according to EN 300), in which strands can be spread in several alternately crossing layers, chipboard according to EN 312, in which wood chips can be spread in cover and middle layers or fiberboard according to EN 316, Here, the wood fibers are scattered to a mostly single-layered cake.
  • the WO 2005/046950 A1 proposes controlling the amount of scattered particles in a middle layer of the wood-based panel via control nozzles. From the EP 2 653 279 A1 It is known to remove particles from a scattering curtain of falling wood particles during scattering and to achieve in this way different densities of the wood-based panel. The removed particles can then be fed to a further scattering process. From the DE 10 2013 002 259 A1 It is known to measure the density of the scattered particle cake and then to remove the desired amount of particles to achieve the selected profile.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method with which physical and / or chemical properties of a wood-based panel to be produced can be adapted spatially almost without restriction.
  • the invention solves this problem by a method according to the preamble of claim 1, which is characterized in that different amounts of at least one additive are introduced at different positions within the particle cake during the scattering of the wood particles.
  • different amounts of at least one additive are introduced at different positions within the particle cake during the scattering of the wood particles.
  • inhomogeneities and stratification which would occur if the wood particles and the additives were applied in layers one after another, are prevented.
  • the at least one additive contains at least one adhesive, at least one fire-retardant substance, at least one biocidal substance, at least one substance for swelling of wood, at least one foaming agent and / or at least one substance which has an optical and / or haptic and / or physical properties and / or a chemical property of the wood-based panel, for example, its electrical conductivity and / or thermal conductivity changed.
  • white pigments such as titanium dioxide or calcium carbonate be added, which cause a lighter plate.
  • a decor is applied to the plate in direct printing.
  • the plate is primed white, for which a brightest plate is advantageous. The lighter the starting material, in this case the wooden board, the sooner the white ground will be effective.
  • pigments or colors may be added which color the wood-based panel or at least one of its cover layers.
  • stripes, geometric patterns or other colorations A can be achieved, which can also be multicolored.
  • Dyes and pigments can be used in each case or together with other, optionally colorless additives, for example, to detect a distribution and positioning of the additive.
  • Other possible properties that can be changed or adjusted by the addition of at least one additive for example, a hydrophobing example by paraffins and a VOC reduction by the addition of appropriate catcher.
  • the list of properties and additives described here is not exhaustive, but rather an extract.
  • the bulk density of the plate to be produced is reduced at certain points, which is particularly advantageous if mechanical stress is not or not to be expected to a large extent at the desired locations. In this way, the plate can be made easier and thus manageable for the end user.
  • Different positions within the particle cake, at which different amounts of an additive are introduced during the scattering of the wood particles, may differ in all three spatial dimensions.
  • different distributions can be used in the x and / or y direction and of course the use of different distributions in a z direction perpendicular thereto is also possible.
  • Many properties are used, for example, only in the edge regions of a wood-based panel or only in the central region of the wood-based panel.
  • an impregnation against penetrating moisture, in particular in the outer layers of advantage while, for example, a lower density and thus a lower weight, especially in the middle core layer is advantageous.
  • different additives and / or different amounts of different additives are introduced at different positions within the particle cake. It is advantageous for many applications to use several different additives in a wood-based panel, in particular to to influence different properties.
  • each of the different additives may have a spatially inhomogeneous distribution, so that the cases mentioned can occur. While in some places only one or some of the additives used are present, all additives are present at several different points, but the proportions of the different additives differ at these positions. There are hardly any limits to the quantity ratios.
  • the amount of wood material particles that are scattered to the particle cake, depending on their expected position in the particle cake is varied.
  • the amount of scattered wood particles and the type and / or amount of introduced additives is advantageously selected such that the wood-based panel has a homogeneous density.
  • the invention also achieves the stated object by an apparatus for carrying out a given method which has an introduction device and an electrical controller which is set up to control the introduction device in such a way that, during the scattering of the wood particles, different amounts of at least one additive are present at different positions be introduced within the particle cake.
  • the electrical control has an electronic data processing device which is set up to access information stored in an electronic data memory and to control the introduction device on the basis of this information.
  • the electronic data storage may be part of the device.
  • the electrical control has an interface for communication with an external electronic data processing system, such as a laptop or a computer, wherein the electronic data storage is part of this electronic data processing system.
  • the communication can be wired or wireless, for example via WLAN or Bluetooth.
  • the introduction device has at least one scattering head with at least one scattering nozzle for scattering wood particles and at least one additive nozzle for scattering at least one additive.
  • the at least one scattering head has at least two different additive nozzles for scattering different additives.
  • FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for producing a wood-based panel.
  • wood 2 is provided, which is comminuted in a crusher 4 to wood chips. These are washed in a washing device 6 and then boiled in a pressure vessel before the fiber pulping takes place in a refiner 8.
  • glue is added in a gluing device 10 so that glued wood particles are formed. These are dried in a drying device 12 and then subjected to quality control in a classifier.
  • the glued wood particles are then fed to a loading device 16, which has several scattering heads 18 in the embodiment shown, three of which are shown. Only the left scattering head 18 is shown by solid lines. The others are dashed to show that they are optional.
  • the various scattering heads 18 are used to sprinkle and scatter different additives and thus introduce them into the scattered particle cake.
  • An additional scattering head, not shown, is provided to scatter the wood particles.
  • By the differently long dashed lines 20 it is shown that from different scattering heads 18 different additives are scattered.
  • the so-spreaped particle cake enters a supercharger 22 before it is pressed in a hot press 24 to a wood-based panel.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view through a wood-based panel 26.
  • a first additive 28 which is shown in the form of small circles and which may be, for example, glass balls or expanded clay, in a plane between a top 32 and a bottom 34 almost is distributed homogeneously. In this way, for example, the bulk density of the wood-based panel 26 can be reduced in this area, and thus weight can be saved.
  • a second additive 30, which is shown in the form of lines, is arranged rod-shaped in the wood-based panel 26. This may be, for example, an additive which increases or reduces the electrical conductivity and / or the thermal conductivity of the plate, whereby certain transport paths for heat and / or electrical charge are generated.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte (2) mit zumindest einer Schicht mit einem inhomogenen Dichteprofil, mit den Schritten:
(a) Streuen einer Vielzahl von Holzpartikeln zu einem Partikelkuchen,
(b) Verpressen des Partikelkuchens zu einer Schicht der Holzwerkstoffplatte (2),
gekennzeichnet durch
(c) Streuen unterschiedlich großer, vorbestimmter Mengen an Holzpartikeln in zumindest zwei Bereichen (4) innerhalb des Partikelkuchens.

Figure imgaf001
The invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based panel (2) having at least one layer with an inhomogeneous density profile, comprising the steps:
(a) scattering a plurality of wood particles into a particle cake,
(b) pressing the particle cake into a layer of the wood-based panel (2),
marked by
(C) spreading of different sized, predetermined amounts of wood particles in at least two areas (4) within the particle cake.
Figure imgaf001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist:

  1. a) Streuen einer Mehrzahl von Holzpartikeln zu einem Partikelkuchen, wobei vor dem Streuen und/oder während des Streuens wenigstens ein Klebstoff auf zumindest einige der Holzpartikel aufgebracht wird,
  2. b) Verpressen des Partikelkuchens zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte unter erhöhtem Druck und erhöhter Temperatur.
The invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based panel, the method comprising the following steps:
  1. a) spreading a plurality of wood particles into a particle cake, wherein at least one adhesive is applied to at least some of the wood particles before scattering and / or during scattering,
  2. b) pressing the particle cake to a wood-based panel under increased pressure and elevated temperature.

Die Erfindung betrifft zudem eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen eines derartigen Verfahrens.The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out such a method.

Holzwerkstoffplatten werden heute in unterschiedlichsten Anwendungen, beispielsweise als Fußbodenbelag, als Wandverkleidung, im Möbelbau oder im konstruktiven Holzbau eingesetzt. Holzwerkstoffe werden aus Holzpartikeln und Klebstoff hergestellt, die, meist im kontinuierlichen Verfahren unter Wärme- und Druckeinwirkung zu Holzwerkstoffplatten verpresst werden. Dieses Verfahren ist als "Heißpressen" bekannt und kann kontinuierlich oder getaktet durchgeführt werden. Bekannte Vertreter von Holzwerkstoffplatten sind beispielsweise OSB (Oriented Strand Board nach EN 300), bei denen Strands in mehreren abwechselnd kreuzenden Lagen gestreut werden können, Spanplatten gemäß EN 312, bei denen Holzspäne in Deck- und Mittelschichten gestreut werden können oder Faserplatten gemäß EN 316, wobei hier die Holzfasern zu einem meist einschichtigen Kuchen gestreut werden.Wood-based panels are currently used in a wide variety of applications, for example as a floor covering, as wall cladding, in furniture construction or in structural timber construction. Wood-based materials are made of wood particles and adhesive, which are usually pressed in a continuous process under heat and pressure to wood-based panels. This method is known as "hot pressing" and can be carried out continuously or clocked. Known representatives of wood-based panels are, for example, OSB (Oriented Strand Board according to EN 300), in which strands can be spread in several alternately crossing layers, chipboard according to EN 312, in which wood chips can be spread in cover and middle layers or fiberboard according to EN 316, Here, the wood fibers are scattered to a mostly single-layered cake.

Insbesondere zur Einsparung von Produktionskosten ist es aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, insbesondere an den Stellen der herzustellenden Holzwerkstoffplatte, die bei der Benutzung der Platte keinen besonders großen mechanischen Belastungen unterworfen ist, die Menge der aufgestreuten Partikel zu reduzieren. Die WO 2005/046950 A1 schlägt vor, über Steuerdüsen die Menge der aufgestreuten Partikel in einer mittleren Schicht der Holzwerkstoffplatte zu steuern. Aus der EP 2 653 279 A1 ist es bekannt, aus einem Streuvorhang der fallenden Holzpartikel während des Streuens Partikel zu entfernen und auf diese Weise unterschiedliche Rohdichten der Holzwerkstoffplatte zu erreichen. Die entfernten Partikel können anschließend einem weiteren Streuvorgang zugeführt werden. Aus der DE 10 2013 002 259 A1 ist es bekannt, die Dichte des aufgestreuten Partikelkuchens zu messen und anschließend die gewünschte Menge an Partikeln zu entfernen, um das gewählte Profil zu erreichen.In particular, in order to save production costs, it is known from the prior art, in particular at the locations of the wood-based panel to be produced, which is subject to the use of the plate no particularly large mechanical stress, to reduce the amount of scattered particles. The WO 2005/046950 A1 proposes controlling the amount of scattered particles in a middle layer of the wood-based panel via control nozzles. From the EP 2 653 279 A1 It is known to remove particles from a scattering curtain of falling wood particles during scattering and to achieve in this way different densities of the wood-based panel. The removed particles can then be fed to a further scattering process. From the DE 10 2013 002 259 A1 It is known to measure the density of the scattered particle cake and then to remove the desired amount of particles to achieve the selected profile.

Alle diese Methoden sind nur dann möglich, wenn sich die Zusammensetzung des Partikelkuchens selbst nicht ändert, sondern nur die Menge der Streupartikel angepasst werden soll. Zur Veränderung anderer Eigenschaften von Holzwerkstoffplatten ist es bekannt, Zusätze zu verwenden, um beispielsweise die Wärmeleitfähigkeit, die Brennbarkeit oder andere Eigenschaften der Holzwerkstoffplatte zu beeinflussen. Die dafür nötigen Zusatzstoffe werden in den Partikelkuchen mit eingestreut. Wird eine besondere Eigenschaft beispielsweise nur in den Deckschichten einer herzustellenden Holzwerkstoffplatte benötigt, wird in der EP 2 487 016 A1 vorgeschlagen, eine Flüssigkeit bereitzustellen, die nachträglich auf den Partikelkuchen aufgebracht wird und in diesen eindringt. Dies ist naturgemäß nur in den Deckschichten der Partikelkuchen möglich.All these methods are only possible if the composition of the particle cake itself does not change, but only the amount of scattering particles to be adjusted. To change other properties of wood-based panels, it is known to use additives, for example, to influence the thermal conductivity, the flammability or other properties of the wood-based panel. The necessary additives are interspersed in the particle cake. If a special property is needed, for example, only in the outer layers of a wood-based panel to be produced, is in the EP 2 487 016 A1 proposed to provide a liquid which is subsequently applied to the particle cake and penetrates into it. This is naturally only possible in the outer layers of the particle cake.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, mit dem physikalische und/oder chemische Eigenschaften einer herzustellenden Holzwerkstoffplatte räumlich nahezu ohne Einschränkung angepasst werden können. Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass während des Streuens der Holzpartikel unterschiedlich große Mengen zumindest eines Zusatzstoffes an unterschiedlichen Positionen innerhalb des Partikelkuchens eingebracht werden. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die lokale Zusammensetzung des Partikelkuchens zu ändern und beispielsweise nicht nur die Menge der Partikel an verschiedenen Stellen zu variieren, sondern beispielsweise auch das Verhältnis aus Holzpartikeln zu dem Zusatzstoff und/oder das Verhältnis des Klebstoffs zu dem Zusatzstoff individuell anzupassen. Dies ist mit einem nachträglichen Entfernen von Partikeln aus dem Partikelkuchen nicht zu erreichen. Zudem werden Inhomogenitäten und eine Schichtenbildung verhindert, die auftreten würden, wenn die Holzpartikel und die Zusatzstoffe in Schichten nacheinander aufgebracht würden.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method with which physical and / or chemical properties of a wood-based panel to be produced can be adapted spatially almost without restriction. The invention solves this problem by a method according to the preamble of claim 1, which is characterized in that different amounts of at least one additive are introduced at different positions within the particle cake during the scattering of the wood particles. In this way, it is possible to change the local composition of the particle cake and, for example, not only to vary the amount of particles at different locations, but also, for example, the ratio of wood particles to the Additive and / or adjust the ratio of the adhesive to the additive individually. This can not be achieved with a subsequent removal of particles from the particle cake. In addition, inhomogeneities and stratification, which would occur if the wood particles and the additives were applied in layers one after another, are prevented.

Vorteilhafterweise enthält der wenigstens eine Zusatzstoff wenigstens einen Klebstoff, wenigstens einen brandhemmenden Stoff, wenigstens einen bioziden Stoff, wenigstens einen Stoff zur Quellvergütung von Holz, wenigstens einen Aufschäumer und/oder wenigstens einen Stoff, der eine optische und/oder haptische und/oder eine physikalische und/oder eine chemische Eigenschaft der Holzwerkstoffplatte, beispielsweise deren elektrische Leitfähigkeit und/oder Wärmeleitfähigkeit, verändert. Dabei kommen Glaskugeln, Blähglas oder Blähton, expandierbare und vorzugsweise flüssigkeitsgefüllte Kunststoffkugeln, Kreide, Talkum oder Quarzmehl und/oder optische Aufheller wie Stilbene, die beispielsweise unter der Bezeichnung Blancophor verkauft werden, oder fluoreszierende organische Stoffe in Frage Es können auch Weißpigmente wie Titandioxid oder Kalziumcarbonat zugegeben werden, die eine hellere Platte hervorrufen. Dies ist beispielsweise dann von Vorteil, wenn auf die Platte im Direktdruck ein Dekor aufgebracht wird. Zuvor wird die Platte weiß grundiert, wofür eine möglichst helle Platte von Vorteil ist. Je heller das Ausgangsmaterial, in diesem Fall also die Holzwerkstoffplatte, desto eher wird der Weißgrund wirksam.Advantageously, the at least one additive contains at least one adhesive, at least one fire-retardant substance, at least one biocidal substance, at least one substance for swelling of wood, at least one foaming agent and / or at least one substance which has an optical and / or haptic and / or physical properties and / or a chemical property of the wood-based panel, for example, its electrical conductivity and / or thermal conductivity changed. In this case, glass beads, expanded glass or expanded clay, expandable and preferably liquid-filled plastic balls, chalk, talc or quartz powder and / or optical brighteners such as stilbenes, which are sold for example under the name Blancophor, or fluorescent organic substances in question. It can also white pigments such as titanium dioxide or calcium carbonate be added, which cause a lighter plate. This is for example advantageous if a decor is applied to the plate in direct printing. Previously, the plate is primed white, for which a brightest plate is advantageous. The lighter the starting material, in this case the wooden board, the sooner the white ground will be effective.

Zusätzlich oder alternativ können andere Pigmente oder Farben zugegeben werden, die die Holzwerkstoffplatte oder zumindest eine ihrer Deckschichten einfärben. Damit können beispielsweise Streifen, geometrische Muster oder andere Ein färbungen erreicht werden, die auch mehrfarbig sein können. Farbstoffe und Pigmente können jeweils oder zusammen auch mit anderen, gegebenenfalls farblosen Zusatzstoffen eingesetzt werden um beispielsweise eine Verteilung und Positionierung des Zusatzstoffes zu erkennen. Weitere mögliche Eigenschaften, die durch die Zugabe wenigstens eines Zusatzstoffe verändert oder angepasst werden können, sind beispielsweise eine Hydrophobierung beispielsweise durch Paraffinen und eine VOC-Reduzierung durch die Zugabe entsprechender Fänger. Dabei ist die Liste der hier beschriebenen Eigenschaften und Zusatzstoffe nicht vollständig, sondern als Auszug zu betrachten.Additionally or alternatively, other pigments or colors may be added which color the wood-based panel or at least one of its cover layers. Thus, for example, stripes, geometric patterns or other colorations A can be achieved, which can also be multicolored. Dyes and pigments can be used in each case or together with other, optionally colorless additives, for example, to detect a distribution and positioning of the additive. Other possible properties that can be changed or adjusted by the addition of at least one additive, for example, a hydrophobing example by paraffins and a VOC reduction by the addition of appropriate catcher. The list of properties and additives described here is not exhaustive, but rather an extract.

Durch Blähmittel, beispielsweise Glaskugeln, Blähglas oder Blähton wird die Rohdichte der herzustellenden Platte an bestimmten Stellen verringert, was insbesondere dann von Vorteil ist, wenn an den gewünschten Stellen mechanische Belastungen nicht oder nicht in großem Maße zu erwarten sind. Auf diese Weise kann die Platte leichter und damit für den Endverbraucher handhabbar gestaltet werden.By blowing agent, such as glass beads, expanded glass or expanded clay, the bulk density of the plate to be produced is reduced at certain points, which is particularly advantageous if mechanical stress is not or not to be expected to a large extent at the desired locations. In this way, the plate can be made easier and thus manageable for the end user.

Unterschiedlichen Positionen innerhalb des Partikelkuchens, an denen während des Streuens der Holzpartikel unterschiedlich große Mengen eines Zusatzstoffes eingebracht werden, können sich in allen drei Raumdimensionen unterscheiden. Innerhalb einer Schicht können in x- und/oder y-Richtung unterschiedliche Verteilungen verwendet werden und selbstverständlich ist auch die Verwendung unterschiedlicher Verteilungen in einer dazu senkrechten z-Richtung möglich. Viele Eigenschaften werden beispielsweise nur in den Randbereichen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte oder nur im mittleren Bereich der Holzwerkstoffplatte verwendet. So ist beispielsweise eine Imprägnierung gegen eindringende Feuchtigkeit insbesondere in den Deckschichten von Vorteil, während beispielsweise eine geringere Rohdichte und damit ein geringeres Gewicht insbesondere in der mittleren Kernlage von Vorteil ist. Selbstverständlich kann es auch sinnvoll sein, bestimmte Eigenschaften in einigen Streifen oder Bereichen der Holzwerkstoffplatte vorzusehen, diese dann jedoch über die gesamte Dicke verteilt. Dies betrifft beispielsweise die Wärmeleitfähigkeit bei der Verwendung von Holzwerkstoffplatten als konstruktive Bauelemente. Auch die elektrische Leitfähigkeit oder der Widerstand gegen beispielsweise Pilzbefall, der durch biozide Stoffe hervorgerufen werden kann, kann in räumlich unterschiedlichen Bereichen unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt sein.Different positions within the particle cake, at which different amounts of an additive are introduced during the scattering of the wood particles, may differ in all three spatial dimensions. Within a layer different distributions can be used in the x and / or y direction and of course the use of different distributions in a z direction perpendicular thereto is also possible. Many properties are used, for example, only in the edge regions of a wood-based panel or only in the central region of the wood-based panel. Thus, for example, an impregnation against penetrating moisture, in particular in the outer layers of advantage, while, for example, a lower density and thus a lower weight, especially in the middle core layer is advantageous. Of course, it may also be useful to provide certain properties in some strips or areas of the wood-based panel, but then distributed over the entire thickness. This applies, for example, the thermal conductivity when using wood-based panels as constructive components. The electrical conductivity or the resistance to, for example, fungal infestation, which can be caused by biocidal substances, can be pronounced to different degrees in spatially different areas.

Vorteilhafterweise werden an unterschiedlichen Positionen innerhalb des Partikelkuchens unterschiedliche Zusatzstoffe und/oder unterschiedlichen Menge verschiedener Zusatzstoffe eingebracht. Es ist für viele Anwendungen von Vorteil, mehrere verschiedene Zusatzstoffe in einer Holzwerkstoffplatte zu verwenden, insbesondere um unterschiedliche Eigenschaften zu beeinflussen. Dabei kann jeder der unterschiedlichen Zusatzstoffe eine räumlich inhomogene Verteilung aufweisen, so dass die genannten Fälle auftreten können. Während an einigen Stellen nur einer oder einige der verwendeten Zusatzstoffe vorhanden sind, sind an mehreren unterschiedlichen Stellen alle Zusatzstoffe vorhanden, jedoch unterscheiden sich die Mengenverhältnisse der unterschiedlichen Zusatzstoffe an diesen Positionen. Den Mengenverhältnissen sind dabei kaum Grenzen gesetzt.Advantageously, different additives and / or different amounts of different additives are introduced at different positions within the particle cake. It is advantageous for many applications to use several different additives in a wood-based panel, in particular to to influence different properties. In this case, each of the different additives may have a spatially inhomogeneous distribution, so that the cases mentioned can occur. While in some places only one or some of the additives used are present, all additives are present at several different points, but the proportions of the different additives differ at these positions. There are hardly any limits to the quantity ratios.

Vorzugsweise wird auch die Menge an Holzwerkstoffpartikeln, die zu dem Partikelkuchen gestreut werden, in Abhängigkeit von deren zu erwartender Position in dem Partikelkuchen variiert. Dabei ist vorteilhafterweise die Menge an gestreuten Holzpartikeln und die Art und/oder Menge der eingebrachten Zusatzstoffe derart gewählt, dass die Holzwerkstoffplatte eine homogene Rohdichte aufweist.Preferably, the amount of wood material particles that are scattered to the particle cake, depending on their expected position in the particle cake is varied. In this case, the amount of scattered wood particles and the type and / or amount of introduced additives is advantageously selected such that the wood-based panel has a homogeneous density.

Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe zudem durch eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen eines gegebenen Verfahrens, die eine Einbringeinrichtung und eine elektrische Steuerung aufweist, die eingerichtet ist, die Einbringeinrichtung derart zu steuern, dass während des Streuens der Holzpartikel unterschiedlich große Menge zumindest eines Zusatzstoffes an unterschiedlichen Positionen innerhalb des Partikelkuchens eingebracht werden.The invention also achieves the stated object by an apparatus for carrying out a given method which has an introduction device and an electrical controller which is set up to control the introduction device in such a way that, during the scattering of the wood particles, different amounts of at least one additive are present at different positions be introduced within the particle cake.

Vorzugsweise verfügt die elektrische Steuerung über eine elektronische Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung, die eingerichtet ist, auf in einem elektronischen Datenspeicher gespeicherte Informationen zuzugreifen und anhand dieser Informationen die Einbringeinrichtung zu steuern. Der elektronische Datenspeicher kann Teil der Vorrichtung sein. Alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu verfügt die elektrische Steuerung über eine Schnittstelle zur Kommunikation mit einer externen elektronischen Datenverarbeitungsanlage, beispielsweise einem Laptop oder einem Computer, wobei der elektronische Datenspeicher Teil dieser elektronischen Datenverarbeitungsanlage ist. Die Kommunikation kann kabelgebunden oder kabellos, beispielsweise über WLAN oder Bluetooth stattfinden.Preferably, the electrical control has an electronic data processing device which is set up to access information stored in an electronic data memory and to control the introduction device on the basis of this information. The electronic data storage may be part of the device. Alternatively or additionally, the electrical control has an interface for communication with an external electronic data processing system, such as a laptop or a computer, wherein the electronic data storage is part of this electronic data processing system. The communication can be wired or wireless, for example via WLAN or Bluetooth.

Vorzugsweise verfügt die Einbringeinrichtung über zumindest einen Streukopf mit zumindest einer Streudüse zum Streuen von Holzpartikeln und zumindest einer Zusatzstoffdüse zum Streuen zumindest eines Zusatzstoffes. Besonders vorzugsweise verfügt der zumindest eine Streukopf über zumindest zwei unterschiedliche Zusatzstoffdüsen zum Streuen unterschiedlicher Zusatzstoffe.Preferably, the introduction device has at least one scattering head with at least one scattering nozzle for scattering wood particles and at least one additive nozzle for scattering at least one additive. Particularly preferably, the at least one scattering head has at least two different additive nozzles for scattering different additives.

Mit Hilfe der beiliegenden Zeichnungen wird nachfolgend ein Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1 -
die schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Durchführen eines Verfahrens und
Figur 2 -
die schematische Darstellung einer Holzwerkstoffplatte.
With the aid of the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail below. It shows:
FIG. 1 -
the schematic representation of an apparatus for performing a method and
FIG. 2 -
the schematic representation of a wood-based panel.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte. Zunächst wird Holz 2 bereitgestellt, das in einem Zerkleinerer 4 zu Holzhackschnitzeln zerkleinert wird. Diese werden in einer Wascheinrichtung 6 gewaschen und dann in einem Druckbehälter gekocht, bevor in einem Refiner 8 der Faseraufschluss erfolgt. Nach dem Refiner wird in einer Beleimungseinrichtung 10 Leim hinzugeführt, so dass beleimte Holzpartikel entstehen. Diese werden in einer Trocknungseinrichtung 12 getrocknet und anschließend in einem Sichter einer Qualitätskontrolle unterzogen. Die beleimten Holzpartikel werden dann einer Einbringeinrichtung 16 zugeführt, die im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel über mehrere Streuköpfe 18 verfügt, von denen drei dargestellt sind. Nur der linke Streukopf 18 ist dabei mit durchgezogenen Linien dargestellt. Die übrigen sind gestrichelt gezeichnet um zu zeigen, dass sie optional sind. Die verschiedenen Streuköpfe 18 werden verwendet, um unterschiedliche Zusatzstoffe auf- und einzustreuen und sie so in den gestreuten Partikelkuchen einzubringen. Ein nicht gezeigter zusätzlicher Streukopf ist vorhanden, um die Holzpartikel zu streuen. Durch die unterschiedlich langen gestrichelten Linien 20 wird dargestellt, dass aus unterschiedlichen Streuköpfen 18 unterschiedliche Zusätze aufgestreut werden. Alternativ zu der gezeigten Ausführungsform ist es auch möglich, die verschiedenen Streuköpfe 18 zu verwenden, um zunächst die zu streuenden Partikel und Zusatzstoffe zu mischen und diese anschließend über einen Gesamtstreukopf, der in Figur 1 nicht dargestellt ist, aufzubringen. Auf diese Weise ist sichergestellt, dass die an der jeweiligen Position in der herzustellenden Holzwerkstoffplatte benötigten Zusatzstoffe und Materialien gemischt vorliegen. Eine Schichtenbildung wird auf diese Weise sicher vermieden. FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for producing a wood-based panel. First, wood 2 is provided, which is comminuted in a crusher 4 to wood chips. These are washed in a washing device 6 and then boiled in a pressure vessel before the fiber pulping takes place in a refiner 8. After the refiner, glue is added in a gluing device 10 so that glued wood particles are formed. These are dried in a drying device 12 and then subjected to quality control in a classifier. The glued wood particles are then fed to a loading device 16, which has several scattering heads 18 in the embodiment shown, three of which are shown. Only the left scattering head 18 is shown by solid lines. The others are dashed to show that they are optional. The various scattering heads 18 are used to sprinkle and scatter different additives and thus introduce them into the scattered particle cake. An additional scattering head, not shown, is provided to scatter the wood particles. By the differently long dashed lines 20 it is shown that from different scattering heads 18 different additives are scattered. As an alternative to the embodiment shown, it is also possible to use the various scattering heads 18 in order first to mix the particles and additives to be scattered, and then to apply them via a total scattering head, which in FIG FIG. 1 not shown, apply. In this way it is ensured that the additives and materials required at the respective position in the wood-based panel to be produced are mixed. Stratification is thus avoided in this way.

Anschließend gelangt der so bestreute Partikelkuchen in einen Vorverdichter 22, bevor er in einer Heißpresse 24 zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte verpresst wird.Subsequently, the so-spreaped particle cake enters a supercharger 22 before it is pressed in a hot press 24 to a wood-based panel.

Figur 2 zeigt eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch eine Holzwerkstoffplatte 26. Man erkennt einen ersten Zusatzstoff 28, der in Form von kleinen Kreisen dargestellt ist und bei dem es sich beispielsweise um Glaskugeln oder Blähton handeln kann, der in einer Ebene zwischen einer Oberseite 32 und einer Unterseite 34 nahezu homogen verteilt ist. Auf diese Weise kann in diesem Bereich beispielsweise die Rohdichte der Holzwerkstoffplatte 26 reduziert und somit Gewicht gespart werden. Ein zweiter Zusatzstoff 30, der in Form von Strichen dargestellt ist, ist stangenförmig in der Holzwerkstoffplatte 26 angeordnet. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Zusatzstoff handeln, der die elektrische Leitfähigkeit und/oder die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Platte erhöht oder reduziert, wodurch bestimmte Transportwege für Wärme und/oder elektrische Ladung generiert werden. FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view through a wood-based panel 26. It can be seen a first additive 28, which is shown in the form of small circles and which may be, for example, glass balls or expanded clay, in a plane between a top 32 and a bottom 34 almost is distributed homogeneously. In this way, for example, the bulk density of the wood-based panel 26 can be reduced in this area, and thus weight can be saved. A second additive 30, which is shown in the form of lines, is arranged rod-shaped in the wood-based panel 26. This may be, for example, an additive which increases or reduces the electrical conductivity and / or the thermal conductivity of the plate, whereby certain transport paths for heat and / or electrical charge are generated.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

22
HolzWood
44
Zerkleinerershredder
66
Wascheinrichtungwash
88th
Refinerrefiner
1010
Beleimungseinrichtunggluing device
1212
Trocknungseinrichtungdrying device
1414
Sichtersifter
1616
Einbringeinrichtungintroducing device
1818
Streukopfspreading head
2020
gestrichelte Liniedashed line
2222
Vorverdichtersupercharger
2424
Heißpressehot press
2626
HolzwerkstoffplatteWood panel
2828
erster Zusatzstofffirst additive
3030
zweiter Zusatzstoffsecond additive
3232
Oberseitetop
3434
Unterseitebottom

Claims (9)

Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte (26), wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist: (a) Streuen einer Mehrzahl von Holzpartikeln zu einem Partikelkuchen, wobei vor dem Streuen und/oder während des Streuens wenigstens ein Klebstoff auf zumindest einige der Holzpartikel aufgebracht wird, (b) Verpressen des Partikelkuchens zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte (26) unter erhöhtem Druck und erhöhter Temperatur, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
während des Streuens der Holzpartikel unterschiedlich große Mengen zumindest eines Zusatzstoffes (28, 30) an unterschiedlichen Positionen innerhalb des Partikelkuchens eingebracht werden.Method for producing a wood-based panel (26), the method comprising the following steps: (a) scattering a plurality of wood particles into a particle cake, wherein at least one adhesive is applied to at least some of the wood particles prior to scattering and / or during spreading; (b) pressing the particle cake to a wood-based panel (26) under elevated pressure and elevated temperature, characterized in that
different amounts of at least one additive (28, 30) are introduced at different positions within the particle cake during the scattering of the wood particles. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zumindest eine Zusatzstoff (28, 30) wenigstens einen Klebstoff, wenigstens einen brandhemmenden Stoff, wenigstens einen bioziden Stoff, wenigstens einen Stoff zur Quellvergütung von Holz, wenigstens einen Aufschäumer und/oder wenigstens einen Stoff enthält, der eine optische und/oder haptische und/oder eine physikalische Eigenschaft der Holzwerkstoffplatte (26), beispielsweise deren elektrische Leifähigkeit und/oder Wärmeleitfähigkeit, verändert.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one additive (28, 30) contains at least one adhesive, at least one fire-retardant substance, at least one biocidal substance, at least one material for swelling of wood, at least one foaming agent and / or at least one substance which changes an optical and / or haptic and / or a physical property of the wood-based panel (26), for example its electrical conductivity and / or thermal conductivity. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an unterschiedlichen Positionen innerhalb des Partikelkuchens unterschiedliche Zusatzstoffe (28, 30) und/oder unterschiedliche Mengen verschiedener Zusatzstoffe (28, 30) eingebracht werden.Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that different additives (28, 30) and / or different amounts of different additives (28, 30) are introduced at different positions within the particle cake. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Menge an Holzpartikeln, die zu dem Partikelkuchen gestreut werden, in Abhängigkeit von deren zu erwartender Position in dem Partikelkuchen variiert wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an amount of wood particles which are scattered to the particle cake, depending on their expected position in the particle cake is varied. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Menge an gestreuten Holzpartikeln und die Art und/oder Menge an eingebrachten Zusatzstoffen (28, 30) derart gewählt ist, dass die Holzwerkstoffplatte (26) eine homogene Rohdichteverteilung aufweist.A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the amount of scattered wood particles and the type and / or amount of introduced additives (28, 30) is selected such that the wood-based panel (26) has a homogeneous density distribution. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen eines Verfahrens gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, die eine Einbringeinrichtung (16) und eine elektrische Steuerung aufweist, die eingerichtet ist, die Einbringeinrichtung (16) derart zu steuern, dass während des Streuens der Holzpartikel unterschiedlich große Mengen zumindest eines Zusatzstoffes (28, 30) an unterschiedlichen Positionen innerhalb des Partikelkuchen eingebracht werden.Apparatus for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims, which has an introduction device (16) and an electrical control which is set up to control the introduction device (16) in such a way that during the scattering of the wood particles different amounts of at least one additive (28 , 30) are introduced at different positions within the particle cake. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Steuerung eine elektronische Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung aufweist, die eingerichtet ist, auf in einem elektronischen Datenspeicher gespeicherte Informationen zuzugreifen und anhand dieser Informationen die Einbringeinrichtung zu steuern.Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrical control comprises an electronic data processing device which is adapted to access information stored in an electronic data memory and to control the introduction device on the basis of this information. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einbringeinrichtung zumindest einen Streukopf (18) mit zumindest einer Streudüse zum Streuen von Holzpartikeln und zumindest einen Streukopf (18) zum Streuen zumindest eines Zusatzstoffes (28, 30) aufweist.Device according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the introduction device has at least one scattering head (18) with at least one scattering nozzle for scattering of wood particles and at least one scattering head (18) for scattering at least one additive (28, 30). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zumindest eine Streukopf (18) zumindest zwei unterschiedliche Zusatzstoffdüsen zum Streuen unterschiedlicher Zusatzstoffe (28, 30) aufweist.Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the at least one scattering head (18) at least two different additive nozzles for scattering different additives (28, 30).
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EP17196574.2A EP3470192B1 (en) 2017-10-16 2017-10-16 Method and device for manufacturing a wood composite board
ES17196574T ES2807541T3 (en) 2017-10-16 2017-10-16 Procedure and device for the manufacture of a wood composite plate
PT171965742T PT3470192T (en) 2017-10-16 2017-10-16 Method and device for manufacturing a wood composite board
JP2020515674A JP7250779B2 (en) 2017-10-16 2018-09-12 Composite wood board manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus
UAA202000929A UA126922C2 (en) 2017-10-16 2018-09-12 Method and device for producing a composite wood board
AU2018351778A AU2018351778A1 (en) 2017-10-16 2018-09-12 Method and device for producing a composite wood board
PCT/EP2018/074625 WO2019076545A1 (en) 2017-10-16 2018-09-12 Method and device for producing a composite wood board
CN201880067009.0A CN111225777B (en) 2017-10-16 2018-09-12 Method and device for producing a wood composite panel
US16/641,901 US20200198174A1 (en) 2017-10-16 2018-09-12 Method and deivce for producing a composite wood board
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EP3189951A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-07-12 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Method for producing a wood palette and wood panel production device

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JP7250779B2 (en) 2023-04-03
RU2765816C2 (en) 2022-02-03
AU2018351778A1 (en) 2020-03-19
UA126922C2 (en) 2023-02-22
ES2807541T3 (en) 2021-02-23
US20200198174A1 (en) 2020-06-25
PL3470192T3 (en) 2020-11-16
WO2019076545A1 (en) 2019-04-25
JP2020536765A (en) 2020-12-17
RU2020107017A (en) 2021-08-16
CN111225777A (en) 2020-06-02
PT3470192T (en) 2020-07-23
EP3470192B1 (en) 2020-06-24
RU2020107017A3 (en) 2022-01-13
CN111225777B (en) 2022-09-16

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