EP3189951A1 - Method for producing a wood palette and wood panel production device - Google Patents
Method for producing a wood palette and wood panel production device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3189951A1 EP3189951A1 EP16203875.6A EP16203875A EP3189951A1 EP 3189951 A1 EP3189951 A1 EP 3189951A1 EP 16203875 A EP16203875 A EP 16203875A EP 3189951 A1 EP3189951 A1 EP 3189951A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- application
- liquid
- wood
- substrate
- inhomogeneity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001454 recorded image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002347 wear-protection layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
- B27N1/029—Feeding; Proportioning; Controlling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N7/00—After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
- B27N7/005—Coating boards, e.g. with a finishing or decorating layer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based panel, comprising the steps of (a) producing the substrate and (b) applying a liquid to an application area of the substrate by means of an application device.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based panel, in particular an MDF or HDF board, or a floor panel.
- the invention relates to a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus, which is designed for producing a wood-based panel, in particular an MDF or HDF board, or a floor panel, with (a) a substrate-producing device for producing a substrate and (b) a Applicator for applying a liquid to an application area of the substrate.
- a fiber cake is strewn, which consists of glue-glued wood fibers or wood fibers and glue.
- This substrate is provided with a liquid and then pressed to a wood-based panel. It is important that the liquid is applied as evenly as possible to the substrate.
- the application is sputtering.
- the resulting mist is optically analyzed by directing light on the fog and viewing the scattered light. That is comparatively complex and not very accurate.
- a liquid in the form of a liquid resin is applied to a substrate in the form of wood-based panel, then placed a paper layer on the wood-based panel and then both in a press under such high pressure and high temperature compresses that the resin melts and firmly connects the paper layer with the wood-based panel.
- a firm connection between the paper layer and the wood-based panel is an important quality criterion, since too weak a connection between the two can lead to bubbles. To avoid this, it must also be ensured in this stage of the process that as uniform a layer of liquid as possible is applied to the substrate.
- a spatially resolved infrared spectroscopic measurement of the content of powdery resin in a plant fiber plate is in JP 2015-169569 described.
- WO 92/01540 discloses a method in which a liquid is applied inhomogeneous to the material to be cured and / or a temperature gradient to compensate for the inhomogeneity in the curing with microwaves.
- the temperature is recorded by means of a thermocamera, the humidity by absorption or reflectivity infrared spectroscopy, which is complex and not very robust.
- the invention has for its object to improve the application of a liquid to a substrate.
- the invention solves the problem by a generic method, which comprises the step of monitoring the application of the liquid by means of an infrared camera so that an inhomogeneity of the application can be detected.
- the invention solves the problem by a generic wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus having an infrared camera formed to automatically receive at least a portion of the application area.
- the infrared camera is arranged and designed so that an inhomogeneity of the application of the liquid can be detected.
- An advantage of the invention is that the inhomogeneity of the applied liquid can be monitored by simple technical means. It has been found that the mist which preferably develops during application is very fine, so that it is recognizable, in particular in the backlight or when the light comes from the side, however, that this optical detection of the mist distribution is complicated and can hardly be automated. In contrast, can be quickly detected by means of an infrared camera, for example, when an application nozzle is clogged, since that changes the effect caused by the application of the liquid temperature change in the application area.
- the temperature distribution of the substrate in the application region is a reliable and yet easily detectable measure of the inhomogeneity with which the liquid is applied.
- the process control of the application can be automated with comparatively simple means.
- the spatial temperature distribution optionally as a function of time, automatically detected and compared with a desired temperature distribution. If the deviation between the two is too large, this indicates an error during the application of the liquid and a warning signal can be issued.
- the substrate is understood in particular to mean an object constructed of wood fibers which has either already been pressed or is pressed in the further process.
- the substrate is a fibrous cake according to a preferred embodiment.
- the substrate is an endless substrate that is manufactured continuously.
- a fiber cake is thus in particular an object which is produced by continuous or discontinuous scattering of wood fibers which may be mixed with glue.
- the pressing of this fiber cake results in a wood-based panel.
- a floor panel is produced as part of a likewise inventive method.
- An infrared camera is understood to mean a camera which is designed to record infrared radiation, so that it is possible to make a statement about temperature differences in the recorded image. Of course, it is possible that the infrared camera can also process visible light. The camera can then electrically remove signals from visible light.
- the application area is within the field of view of the infrared camera. Preferably, an area in the material flow direction before the application area is in the field of view.
- the application region is understood in particular to be that region of the substrate to which the liquid is or has been applied.
- the application region can be differentiated into a deposition region in which the liquid content of the substrate increases, and an outlet region, which lies downstream of the deposition region in the material flow direction and ends in front of any existing press.
- the application can be, for example, atomization, atomization or misting.
- a mist is produced from the liquid by compressing the liquid with a carrier gas and releasing it suddenly by means of a nozzle.
- the energy to form the mist comes from the carrier gas.
- the liquid is pressed through a nozzle without carrier gas, the energy for forming the mist comes from the pressure energy of the liquid.
- the energy for forming the mist is applied by a rigid component, for example a rotating or ultrasonically charged component.
- the infrared camera automatically records a sequence of images, by means of which it can be judged how homogeneously the liquid is applied.
- the temperature of the substrate is measured spatially resolved.
- the monitoring of the application by means of an infrared camera by detecting an inhomogeneity of the Applying on the basis of a caused by the application of the liquid temperature change.
- the temperature inhomogeneity is determined and determines the inhomogeneity of the applied liquid.
- the method is carried out in such a way that the most homogeneous possible application is achieved.
- At least part of the application area is received by means of the infrared camera, in particular over the full width of the substrate.
- the width is the extent perpendicular to the material flow direction.
- the automatic picking up of at least the part of the application area takes place continuously, that is to say at regular time intervals.
- the automatic recording takes place at least every 5 seconds or more frequently. In this way, errors in applying the liquid can be quickly detected and corrected.
- the application device is also recorded by means of the infrared camera. This has the advantage that, for example, not properly functioning application nozzles can be quickly identified as defective.
- a temperature change of the substrate surface is effected by the application of the liquid. This can be done, for example, that the ambient humidity and the ambient air temperature in the environment are chosen so that the evaporative cooling leads to temperature change.
- the liquid may have a temperature that differs from the ambient air temperature. It is particularly favorable if the temperature of the liquid is lower than the ambient air temperature, since the evaporation coldensens the temperature difference.
- the monitoring is passive. This means that no additional energy is applied to the substrate for measuring the infrared radiation by means of the infrared camera.
- the heat information of the infrared camera is used to detect the inhomogeneity, but no infrared spectroscopy is performed.
- the substrate is a fiber cake and after the application of the liquid, the fiber cake is pressed by means of a, in particular heated, hot press to a wood-based panel.
- a hot press is understood to mean a press that heats the substrate, in particular the fiber cake, by having a higher temperature than the fiber cake.
- the substrate is therefore heated by conduction from the hot press into the substrate.
- a hot press is not heated by means of microwaves.
- the hot press is heated by means of a heat transfer medium, in particular a thermal oil.
- the hot press is preferably a belt press, in particular a double belt press. In double-belt presses, the substrate is pressed between two rotating press plates. In particular, at least one of the press plates is heated.
- the fiber cake in particular in the sprayed area, preferably has a thickness of at least 10 millimeters, at most 150 millimeters. Wood-based panels made of this have a thickness of 4 to 15 millimeters. The fiber cake is at least preferably at least 20 times as wide as high.
- the substrate preferably has a substrate temperature in the material flow direction in front of the application device, the liquid having a liquid temperature during application which differs by at least 5 Kelvin, in particular at least 10 Kelvin, from the substrate temperature. If the substrate does not have the same temperature over its full width perpendicular to the material flow direction, then below the substrate temperature is the mean of the local temperatures meant, in particular the arithmetic mean.
- the substrate temperature relates in particular to the area immediately before the deposition area, in particular the area at a distance of at most 1 m before the deposition area.
- the substrate temperature it is possible, but not necessary, for the substrate temperature to be absolute or known in one unit of temperature. It is sufficient that the temperature difference between substrate temperature and liquid temperature can be determined. It is possible, but not necessary, for this temperature difference to be known in the form of a temperature unit, for example in degrees Celsius, Kelvin or Fahrenheit. In particular, it is also possible that the temperature or the temperature difference is coded by an electrical signal. All that is decisive is that temporal and / or spatial temperature differences can be detected so that it is possible to decide whether the inhomogeneity of the application has changed.
- the temperature of the liquid is measured, but this is not necessary.
- the liquid may also have ambient temperature while the substrate has a higher temperature than the environment.
- liquid temperature is lower than the substrate temperature.
- evaporative coldness which develops when parts of the liquid evaporate, can increase the contrast.
- the method comprises the steps of a continuous automatic detection of an inhomogeneity parameter which describes an inhomogeneity of the order, ie the result of the application to liquid.
- the method includes the step of outputting a signal if the inhomogeneity parameter deviates from a predetermined desired value by more than a predetermined threshold.
- the inhomogeneity parameter is minimal when the liquid is ideally homogeneously applied. The more inhomogeneous the order of the liquid is, the greater the inhomogeneity parameter becomes.
- the inhomogeneity parameter can also be maximal when there is an ideally homogeneous distribution and sink, when the order of synthetic resin becomes inhomogeneous.
- Detecting the inhomogeneity parameter includes taking pictures using the infrared camera and evaluating them.
- the inhomogeneity parameter can also be maximum, if the liquid is ideally homogeneously applied and smaller, the more inhomogeneous the order of the liquid is.
- the output signal is possible, but not necessary, for the output signal to be perceived by humans.
- the signal is an electrical and / or optical signal.
- the signal is preferably forwarded to a control device of the wood-based panel manufacturing device.
- the inhomogeneity parameter is an application area temperature difference within the application area, especially the exit area.
- the application area temperature difference is understood to mean the maximum temperature difference between two points or groups of points of the application area.
- the inhomogeneity parameter may describe a temperature variance within the application area and / or a proportion of the points outside of a predetermined temperature interval, for example around the arithmetic mean.
- the method according to the invention comprises the step of automatically picking up the outlet area with the infrared camera. It is favorable if the inhomogeneity parameter also describes a discharge range temperature difference which characterizes temporal and / or spatial temperature differences in the discharge region.
- the production of the substrate comprises spreading glued wood fibers into a fiber cake, wherein the liquid is applied to the fiber cake after spreading and wherein the fiber cake is pressed after the application of the liquid to a wood material board.
- the production of the substrate comprises spreading glued wood fibers into a fiber cake, wherein the liquid is applied to the fiber cake after spreading and wherein the fiber cake is pressed after the application of the liquid to a wood material board.
- the liquid then comprises at least 50 percent by weight, in particular 75 percent by weight, of water. It is advantageous if the liquid contains a surfactant to improve the wetting of the substrate.
- the liquid contains 1.5 to 4 percent by weight of polyol and 1 to 7 percent by weight of anionic surfactants, ie one or more surfactants. It is favorable if the liquid contains at most 1% of nonionic surfactants.
- the application is sputtering, spraying or atomizing.
- the application is carried out by means of at least three application elements, in particular nozzles, wherein the monitoring of the application comprises detecting a functioning of the application elements based on the spray pattern, which is received by the infrared camera.
- areas of the wood-based panel for which the inhomogeneity of the liquid application is too large are discarded. This can be done, for example, by marking these areas visibly or invisibly. For example, only such wood-based panels or raw wood-based panels are provided with a paper layer for which the liquid was sufficiently homogeneous. In particular, those areas are discarded for which the inhomogeneity parameter is greater than the predetermined threshold value.
- the invention is not limited to the moistening of the fiber cake, but can for example also be used in a method for producing a floor panel.
- the production of the substrate preferably comprises a spreading of glued wood fibers to a fiber cake and a pressing of the fiber cake to a raw wood material board.
- the liquid in particular in the form of liquid synthetic resin, is preferably applied to a press skin, in particular an uncut press skin, of the pressed raw wood-based panel. It has been found that a preferably subsequently applied paper layer adheres particularly well. This creates a wood-based panel in the form of a floor panel blank.
- the pressing is preferably carried out by means of a short-cycle press.
- raw wood-based panel is merely intended to express that this wood-based panel is usually processed further, and in terms of content means the same as the term wood-based panel. In other words, for reasons of clarity, it should only be avoided to use the same designation of the wood-based panel for different processing stages on the way to the (finished) wood-based panel.
- raw wood-based panel is used for methods in which liquid is applied to a substrate in the form of a compressed fiber cake. It should be noted that the raw wood-based panel is also a wood-based panel.
- the liquid is then a liquid synthetic resin, in particular a melamine resin, a urea resin or a mixture of a melamine resin and a resinous resin.
- a liquid synthetic resin in particular a melamine resin, a urea resin or a mixture of a melamine resin and a resinous resin.
- the application is for example a rolling, spraying or spraying.
- liquid synthetic resin per square meter of substrate.
- the amount of synthetic resin applied per square meter of substrate is preferably less than 100 g, in particular less than 50 g, preferably less than 25 g.
- an active drying is dispensable.
- more than 100 g per square meter of liquid synthetic resin are applied, but then the fiber cake is preferably dried actively after application.
- the method comprises the steps of applying at least one paper layer, which may be impregnated with a synthetic resin and is preferably a decorative paper, to a top side / a bottom side of the raw wood-based panel, so that a paper-coated wood-based panel is formed, and a pressing of the paper-coated wood-based panel, so melts the resin and the paper layer connects to the raw wood-based panel, wherein the liquid resin applied before applying the paper layer becomes. In this way, the paper layer connects to form a laminate with the plate.
- at least one paper layer which may be impregnated with a synthetic resin and is preferably a decorative paper
- the method comprises the steps of applying an overlay paper layer, which is preferably a layer of decorative paper. This is preferably done after applying the paper layer. It is also beneficial if a wear protection layer is applied to the paper layer or the overlay paper layer.
- an overlay paper layer which is preferably a layer of decorative paper.
- the wood-based panel is cut.
- a floor panel can be created.
- a floor panels preferably grooves and / or springs are introduced into the edge region. Therefore, a method for producing a floor panel according to the invention is also.
- a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus is preferably designed for carrying out a method according to the invention.
- a wood-based panel manufacturing device preferably comprises an inhomogeneity monitoring device which has the infrared camera.
- the inhomogeneity monitor is preferably arranged for continuously automatically detecting the inhomogeneity parameter. It is favorable if it is additionally designed to automatically output a signal if the inhomogeneity parameter deviates from a desired value by more than a predetermined threshold value.
- the application device has a first application system for applying the liquid and a second application system for applying the liquid (16), which is arranged redundantly to the first application system.
- the first application system preferably has at least three application elements, in particular nozzles and the second application system, at least three application elements, in particular nozzles, wherein at least the first application system is designed to be movable, in particular hinged, such that at least one nozzle is interchangeable during operation of the particleboard production device.
- the wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus has a controller connected to the inhomogeneity monitor and configured to automatically turn on the second application system and shut down the first application system when the inhomogeneity parameter deviates from the predetermined desired value by more than the predetermined threshold.
- a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus which is designed for producing a wood-based panel, in particular an MDF or HDF panel, with (a) a substrate-manufacturing apparatus in the form of a fiber-pie-manufacturing apparatus for producing a substrate in the form of a fiber cake and ( b) an application device for applying a liquid to an application region of the fiber cake, characterized by (c) an infrared camera, which is designed to automatically pick up at least part of the application region, so that an inhomogeneity of the application can be detected.
- This wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus preferably comprises a hot press for pressing the fiber cake into a raw wood-based panel or fiberboard, for example, an MDF panel, or, preferably, an HDF panel.
- a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus which is designed for producing a wood-based panel, in particular an MDF or HDF panel or a floor panel, with (a) a substrate-producing apparatus for producing a wood-based panel by pressing a fiber cake and (b) a An application device for applying a liquid to an application region of the wood-based panel, characterized by (c) an infrared camera, which is designed for automatically picking up at least part of the application region, so that an inhomogeneity of the application can be detected.
- an infrared camera which is designed for automatically picking up at least part of the application region, so that an inhomogeneity of the application can be detected.
- control device of the wood-based panel manufacturing device is designed for automatic control a discharge device, so that the discharge device ejects such substrates, in the production of the inhomogeneity parameter has deviated from the predetermined target value by more than the predetermined threshold value.
- the control device is designed to automatically mark such substrates, in the production of which the inhomogeneity parameter has deviated from the predetermined desired value by more than the predetermined threshold value, with a marking which codes this fact.
- these substrates can be used for products to which lower demands are made.
- This marking can be effected by applying a perceptible marking, for example an alphanumeric coding, to the substrate.
- data it is also possible for data to be stored in the control device on the basis of which it can be established for each section of the substrate whether or not the inhomogeneity parameter has deviated from the predefined setpoint value by more than the predetermined threshold value.
- FIG. 1 1 schematically shows a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus 10 having a substrate manufacturing apparatus 12 and an applicator 14 for applying a liquid 16 to a substrate 18.
- the substrate 18 is a fiber cake at this point and is produced by the substrate manufacturing apparatus 12 by spreading a sized wood fiber on a conveyor 20.
- the wood-based panel manufacturing device 10 comprises an infrared camera 22, in whose field of view 23 an application region 24 is located.
- the application region 24 is the region of the substrate 18 that is wetted with liquid 16.
- a press 26 is arranged, which presses the fiber cake 18 to a raw wood material board 27.
- a cutting device may be present, which cuts the resulting raw wood board 27 and stratified in a warehouse. These devices are in FIG. 1 Not shown. In this way, wood-based panels are obtained, which have a temporally and spatially constant quality.
- the raw wood-based panel 27 is further processed into a floor panel 29.
- the corresponding inventive Method is explained below.
- the substrate 18, this time in the form of the raw wood-based panel 27, is wetted by a second applicator 14.2 with a second liquid 16.2 in the form of a liquid synthetic resin. This application of the liquid 16.2 is detected by a second infrared camera 22.2.
- a paper laying device 28 is arranged, which hangs a paper layer at least on top of the wood material board 27.
- a connection profile such as a groove and / or a spring in the Edge region of the wood-based panel 27 introduced so that a floor panel is created.
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed schematic detail view of the wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus 10. It can be seen that the applicator 14 a liquid container 34, a pump 36 for pumping a mixture of the liquid 16 and air and a plurality of nozzles 38.1, 38.2, .. ., 38.8.
- the liquid 16 is surfactant-containing water. When the substrate 18 passes through the press 26, the water evaporates.
- the liquid 16 has a liquid temperature T 16 , which differs from a substrate temperature T 42 in a flow region 42, wherein the flow region 42 is located in the material flow direction M in front of the application region 24.
- FIG. 3 shows an image B taken with the infrared camera 22. It can be seen that the lead region 42 is warmer than the application region 24.
- the infrared camera 22 (see FIG. FIG. 2 ) continuously takes such images B, for example, five images or more per second. Within the application area 24 a measuring range A is fixed.
- the infrared camera 22 is part of an inhomogeneity monitoring device 44, which additionally comprises an evaluation unit 46.
- the evaluation unit 46 is designed to automatically determine an inhomogeneity parameter P, which is calculated, for example, in the manner determined below.
- the respective temperature T is determined.
- This warning signal can be, for example, an acoustic and / or visual signal, which signals to an operator of the wood-based panel manufacturing device 10 that there may possibly be a malfunction.
- the wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus 10 may include a redundant auxiliary applicator 48, which may be incorporated in FIG FIG. 2 indicated by dashed lines. If the inhomogeneity parameter P deviates too much from the target value S, the wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus 10 automatically switches to the auxiliary application apparatus 48 so that the application apparatus 14 can be repaired and / or cleaned.
- the FIG. 1 shows that the application device 14 has a first application system 15.1 and a second application system 15.2, which is arranged with respect to a material flow direction M behind the first application system 15.1.
- the second application system 15.2 is designed to be redundant with respect to the first application system 15.1, that is to say that it is dispensable as long as the first application system 15.1 functions.
- the first application system 15.1 has at least three, in the present case namely four nozzles 38.1, 38.2, 38.3 and 38.4.
- the second application system 15.2 has at least three, in this case four nozzles.
- the further application systems 15.1 and 15.2 can be brought into an active position, as for the first application system 15.1 is shown.
- the application systems 15.1, 15.2 can also be brought into a maintenance position, as shown for the second application system 15.2. In this condition, the nozzles can be cleaned or replaced during the production process.
- the application systems are designed for folding away. But it is also possible that the application systems are for example slidably mounted.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, mit den Schritten: (a) Herstellen eines Substrats (S) und (b) Aufbringen einer Flüssigkeit (16) auf einen Aufbringbereich (24) des Substrats (S) mittels einer Aufbringvorrichtung (14). Erfindungsgemäß ist der Schritt des Überwachens des Aufbringens mittels einer Infrarot-Kamera (22) durch Erfassen einer Inhomogenität des Aufbringens anhand einer durch das Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit (16) bewirkten Temperaturänderung vorgesehen.The invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based panel, comprising the steps of: (a) producing a substrate (S) and (b) applying a liquid (16) to an application area (24) of the substrate (S) by means of an application device (14) , According to the invention, the step of monitoring the application by means of an infrared camera (22) by detecting an inhomogeneity of the application on the basis of a caused by the application of the liquid (16) temperature change is provided.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, mit den Schritten (a) Herstellen des Substrats und (b) Aufbringen einer Flüssigkeit auf einen Aufbringbereich des Substrats mittels einer Aufbringvorrichtung. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, insbesondere einer MDF- oder HDF-Platte, oder eines Fußbodenpaneels.The invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based panel, comprising the steps of (a) producing the substrate and (b) applying a liquid to an application area of the substrate by means of an application device. In particular, the invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based panel, in particular an MDF or HDF board, or a floor panel.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung eine Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung, die ausgebildet ist zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, insbesondere einer MDF- oder HDF-Platte, oder eines Fußbodenpaneels, mit (a) einer Substrat-Herstellvorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Substrats und (b) einer Aufbringvorrichtung zum Aufbringen einer Flüssigkeit auf einen Aufbringbereich des Substrats.According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus, which is designed for producing a wood-based panel, in particular an MDF or HDF board, or a floor panel, with (a) a substrate-producing device for producing a substrate and (b) a Applicator for applying a liquid to an application area of the substrate.
Beim Herstellen von Holzwerkstoffplatten, beispielsweise für Fußbodenpaneele, wird ein Faserkuchen gestreut, der aus mit Klebstoff geleimten Holzfasern oder aus Holzfasern und Leim besteht. Dieses Substrat wird mit einer Flüssigkeit versehen und danach zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte verpresst. Es ist dabei wichtig, dass die Flüssigkeit möglichst gleichmäßig auf das Substrat aufgetragen wird.In the manufacture of wood-based panels, for example, for floor panels, a fiber cake is strewn, which consists of glue-glued wood fibers or wood fibers and glue. This substrate is provided with a liquid and then pressed to a wood-based panel. It is important that the liquid is applied as evenly as possible to the substrate.
Es ist möglich und stellt eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform dar, dass das Aufbringen ein Zerstäuben ist. Bei einem solchen Verfahren wird bislang der entstehende Nebel optisch analysiert, indem Licht auf den Nebel gerichtet und das Streulicht betrachtet wird. Das ist vergleichsweise aufwändig und wenig genau.It is possible, and represents a preferred embodiment, that the application is sputtering. In such a method, so far, the resulting mist is optically analyzed by directing light on the fog and viewing the scattered light. That is comparatively complex and not very accurate.
Im Herstellungsprozess für Fußbodenpaneele wird zudem oft eine Flüssigkeit in Form eines flüssigen Kunstharzes auf ein Substrat in Form der Holzwerkstoffplatte aufgebracht, dann eine Papierlage auf die Holzwerkstoffplatte aufgelegt und beides anschließend in einer Presse unter so hohem Druck und so hoher Temperatur verpresst, dass das Harz aufschmilzt und die Papierlage mit der Holzwerkstoffplatte fest verbindet. Eine feste Verbindung zwischen der Papierlage und der Holzwerkstoffplatte ist ein wichtiges Qualitätskriterium, da eine zu schwache Verbindung zwischen beiden zu Blasen führen kann. Um das zu vermeiden, muss auch in diesem Verfahrensstadium sichergestellt werden, dass eine möglichst gleichmäßige Schicht an Flüssigkeit auf das Substrat aufgebracht wird.In the manufacturing process for floor panels also often a liquid in the form of a liquid resin is applied to a substrate in the form of wood-based panel, then placed a paper layer on the wood-based panel and then both in a press under such high pressure and high temperature compresses that the resin melts and firmly connects the paper layer with the wood-based panel. A firm connection between the paper layer and the wood-based panel is an important quality criterion, since too weak a connection between the two can lead to bubbles. To avoid this, it must also be ensured in this stage of the process that as uniform a layer of liquid as possible is applied to the substrate.
Aus der
Eine ortsaufgelöste infrarotspektroskopische Messung des Gehalts an pulverförmigem Harz in einer Pflanzenfaserplatte ist in der
In der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Aufbringen einer Flüssigkeit auf ein Substrat zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to improve the application of a liquid to a substrate.
Die Erfindung löst das Problem durch ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren, das den Schritt des Überwachens des Aufbringens der Flüssigkeit mittels einer Infrarot-Kamera, sodass eine Inhomogenität des Aufbringens erfassbar ist, aufweist.The invention solves the problem by a generic method, which comprises the step of monitoring the application of the liquid by means of an infrared camera so that an inhomogeneity of the application can be detected.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt löst die Erfindung das Problem durch eine gattungsgemäße Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung, die eine Infrarot-Kamera aufweist, die ausbildet ist zum automatischen Aufnehmen zumindest eines Teils des Aufbringbereichs. Insbesondere ist die Infrarot-Kamera so angeordnet und ausgebildet, dass eine Inhomogenität des Aufbringens der Flüssigkeit erfassbar ist.According to a second aspect, the invention solves the problem by a generic wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus having an infrared camera formed to automatically receive at least a portion of the application area. In particular, the infrared camera is arranged and designed so that an inhomogeneity of the application of the liquid can be detected.
Vorteilhaft an der Erfindung ist, dass die Inhomogenität der aufgebrachten Flüssigkeit mit einfachen technischen Mitteln überwachbar ist. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass der beim Aufbringen vorzugsweise entstehende Nebel sehr fein ist, sodass er zwar erkennbar ist, insbesondere im Gegenlicht oder wenn das Licht von der Seite kommt, dass diese optische Erkennung der Nebelverteilung jedoch aufwändig ist und sich kaum automatisieren lässt. Demgegenüber kann mittels einer Infrarot-Kamera schnell erkannt werden, wenn beispielsweise eine Aufbringdüse verstopft ist, da das die durch das Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit bewirkte Temperaturänderung im Aufbringbereich ändert.An advantage of the invention is that the inhomogeneity of the applied liquid can be monitored by simple technical means. It has been found that the mist which preferably develops during application is very fine, so that it is recognizable, in particular in the backlight or when the light comes from the side, however, that this optical detection of the mist distribution is complicated and can hardly be automated. In contrast, can be quickly detected by means of an infrared camera, for example, when an application nozzle is clogged, since that changes the effect caused by the application of the liquid temperature change in the application area.
In anderen Worten ist die Temperaturverteilung des Substrats im Aufbringbereich ein zuverlässiges und dennoch leicht erfassbares Maß für die Inhomogenität, mit der die Flüssigkeit aufgebracht wird.In other words, the temperature distribution of the substrate in the application region is a reliable and yet easily detectable measure of the inhomogeneity with which the liquid is applied.
Es ist ein weiterer Vorteil, dass die Prozesskontrolle des Aufbringens mit vergleichsweise einfachen Mitteln automatisiert werden kann. So kann die räumliche Temperaturverteilung, gegebenenfalls in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit, automatisch erfasst und mit einer Soll-Temperaturverteilung verglichen werden. Wird die Abweichung zwischen den beiden zu groß, deutet dies auf einen Fehler beim Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit hin und es kann ein Warnsignal ausgegeben werden.It is a further advantage that the process control of the application can be automated with comparatively simple means. Thus, the spatial temperature distribution, optionally as a function of time, automatically detected and compared with a desired temperature distribution. If the deviation between the two is too large, this indicates an error during the application of the liquid and a warning signal can be issued.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung wird unter dem Substrat insbesondere ein aus Holzfasern aufgebautes Objekt verstanden, das entweder bereits verpresst wurde oder im weiteren Verfahren verpresst wird. Das Substrat ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ein Faserkuchen. Vorzugsweise ist das Substrat ein Endlos-Substrat, das kontinuierlich hergestellt wird.In the context of the present description, the substrate is understood in particular to mean an object constructed of wood fibers which has either already been pressed or is pressed in the further process. The substrate is a fibrous cake according to a preferred embodiment. Preferably, the substrate is an endless substrate that is manufactured continuously.
Ein Faserkuchen ist damit insbesondere ein Objekt, das durch kontinuierliches oder diskontinuierliches Streuen von Holzfasern, die mit Leim vermengt sein können, hergestellt ist. Das Verpressen dieses Faserkuchens ergibt eine Holzwerkstoffplatte. Aus der Holzwerkstoffplatte wird im Rahmen eines ebenfalls erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ein Fußbodenpaneel hergestellt.A fiber cake is thus in particular an object which is produced by continuous or discontinuous scattering of wood fibers which may be mixed with glue. The pressing of this fiber cake results in a wood-based panel. From the wood-based panel, a floor panel is produced as part of a likewise inventive method.
Unter einer Infrarot-Kamera wird eine Kamera verstanden, die ausgebildet ist zum Aufnehmen von Infrarot-Strahlung, sodass eine Aussage über Temperaturunterschiede im aufgenommenen Bild gemacht werden kann. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, dass die Infrarot-Kamera zudem auch sichtbares Licht verarbeiten kann. Die Kamera kann dann von sichtbarem Licht kommende Signale elektrisch entfernen. Der Aufbringbereich liegt im Sichtfeld der Infrarot-Kamera. Vorzugsweise liegt auch ein Bereich in Materialflussrichtung vor dem Aufbringbereich im Sichtfeld.An infrared camera is understood to mean a camera which is designed to record infrared radiation, so that it is possible to make a statement about temperature differences in the recorded image. Of course, it is possible that the infrared camera can also process visible light. The camera can then electrically remove signals from visible light. The application area is within the field of view of the infrared camera. Preferably, an area in the material flow direction before the application area is in the field of view.
Unter dem Aufbringbereich wird insbesondere derjenige Bereich des Substrats verstanden, auf den die Flüssigkeit aufgebracht wird oder wurde. Der Aufbringbereich kann unterschieden werden in einen Abscheidebereich, in dem der Flüssigkeitsgehalt des Substrats steigt, und einem Auslaufbereich, der in Materialflussrichtung hinter dem Abscheidebereich liegt und vor einer etwaig vorhandenen Presse endet.The application region is understood in particular to be that region of the substrate to which the liquid is or has been applied. The application region can be differentiated into a deposition region in which the liquid content of the substrate increases, and an outlet region, which lies downstream of the deposition region in the material flow direction and ends in front of any existing press.
Das Aufbringen kann beispielsweise ein Zerstäuben, Verdüsen oder Vernebeln sein. Beim Zerstäuben wird aus der Flüssigkeit ein Nebel erzeugt, indem die Flüssigkeit mit einem Trägergas komprimiert und schlagartig mittels einer Düse entspannt wird. Die Energie zur Bildung des Nebels stammt aus dem Trägergas. Beim Verdüsen wird die Flüssigkeit ohne Trägergas durch eine Düse gepresst, die Energie zur Bildung des Nebels entstammt der Druckenergie der Flüssigkeit. Beim Vernebeln wird die Energie zur Bildung des Nebels von einem starren Bauteil aufgebracht, beispielsweise einem rotierenden oder mit Ultraschallfrequenz beaufschlagten Bauteil.The application can be, for example, atomization, atomization or misting. During atomization, a mist is produced from the liquid by compressing the liquid with a carrier gas and releasing it suddenly by means of a nozzle. The energy to form the mist comes from the carrier gas. During atomization, the liquid is pressed through a nozzle without carrier gas, the energy for forming the mist comes from the pressure energy of the liquid. During misting, the energy for forming the mist is applied by a rigid component, for example a rotating or ultrasonically charged component.
Unter dem Überwachen des Aufbringens wird insbesondere verstanden, dass mit der Infrarot-Kamera automatisch eine Folge von Bildern aufgenommen wird, anhand derer beurteilt werden kann, wie homogen die Flüssigkeit aufgebracht wird.By monitoring the application, it is understood, in particular, that the infrared camera automatically records a sequence of images, by means of which it can be judged how homogeneously the liquid is applied.
Mittels der Infrarot-Kamera wird die Temperatur des Substrats ortsaufgelöst gemessen.By means of the infrared camera, the temperature of the substrate is measured spatially resolved.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform erfolgt das Überwachen des Aufbringens mittels einer Infrarot-Kamera durch Erfassen einer Inhomogenität des Aufbringens anhand einer durch das Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit bewirkten Temperaturänderung. In anderen Worten wird die Temperatur-Inhomogenität ermittelt und daraus die Inhomogenität der aufgebrachten Flüssigkeit bestimmt. Das Verfahren wird insbesondere so durchgeführt, dass ein möglichst homogener Auftrag erreicht wird.According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring of the application by means of an infrared camera by detecting an inhomogeneity of the Applying on the basis of a caused by the application of the liquid temperature change. In other words, the temperature inhomogeneity is determined and determines the inhomogeneity of the applied liquid. In particular, the method is carried out in such a way that the most homogeneous possible application is achieved.
Vorzugsweise wird mittels der Infrarot-Kamera zumindest ein Teil des Aufbringbereichs aufgenommen, insbesondere über die volle Breite des Substrats. Die Breite ist dabei die Erstreckung senkrecht zur Materialflussrichtung.Preferably, at least part of the application area is received by means of the infrared camera, in particular over the full width of the substrate. The width is the extent perpendicular to the material flow direction.
Besonders günstig ist es, wenn das automatische Aufnehmen zumindest des Teils des Aufbringbereichs kontinuierlich erfolgt, das heißt in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen. Beispielsweise erfolgt das automatische Aufnehmen zumindest alle 5 Sekunden oder häufiger. Auf diese Weise können Fehler beim Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit schnell entdeckt und behoben werden.It is particularly advantageous if the automatic picking up of at least the part of the application area takes place continuously, that is to say at regular time intervals. For example, the automatic recording takes place at least every 5 seconds or more frequently. In this way, errors in applying the liquid can be quickly detected and corrected.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird auch die Aufbringvorrichtung mittels der Infrarot-Kamera aufgenommen. Das hat den Vorteil, das beispielsweise nicht ordnungsgemäß funktionierende Aufbringdüsen schnell als defekt identifiziert werden können.According to a preferred embodiment, the application device is also recorded by means of the infrared camera. This has the advantage that, for example, not properly functioning application nozzles can be quickly identified as defective.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird durch das Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit eine Temperaturänderung der Substratoberfläche bewirkt. Das kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, dass die Umgebungs-Luftfeuchtigkeit und die Umgebungs-Lufttemperatur in der Umgebung so gewählt sind, dass die Verdunstungskälte zur Temperaturänderung führt. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Flüssigkeit eine Temperatur haben, die sich von der Umgebungs-Lufttemperatur unterscheidet. Besonders günstig ist es, wenn die Temperatur der Flüssigkeit kleiner ist als die Umgebungs-Lufttemperatur, da die Verdunstungskälte den Temperaturunterschied verstärkt.According to a preferred embodiment, a temperature change of the substrate surface is effected by the application of the liquid. This can be done, for example, that the ambient humidity and the ambient air temperature in the environment are chosen so that the evaporative cooling leads to temperature change. Alternatively or additionally, the liquid may have a temperature that differs from the ambient air temperature. It is particularly favorable if the temperature of the liquid is lower than the ambient air temperature, since the evaporation coldensens the temperature difference.
Unter dem Merkmal, dass anhand der Temperaturänderung die Inhomogenität überwacht wird. wird insbesondere verstanden, dass anhand der Temperaturänderung ermittelt wird, ob die Flüssigkeit homogen oder inhomogen aufgetragen wurde.Under the feature that the inhomogeneity is monitored by the temperature change. is understood in particular that based on the temperature change It is determined whether the liquid was applied homogeneously or inhomogeneous.
Vorzugsweise erfolgt das Überwachen passiv. Das heißt, dass zum Messen der Infrarotstrahlung mittels der Infrarot-Kamera keine Zusatz-Energie auf das Substrat aufgebracht wird. In anderen Worten wird insbesondere die Wärme-Information der Infrarot-Kamera zum Erfassen der Inhomogenität verwendet, es wird aber keine Infrarot-Spektroskopie durchgeführt.Preferably, the monitoring is passive. This means that no additional energy is applied to the substrate for measuring the infrared radiation by means of the infrared camera. In other words, in particular, the heat information of the infrared camera is used to detect the inhomogeneity, but no infrared spectroscopy is performed.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Substrat ein Faserkuchen und nach dem Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit wird der Faserkuchen mittels einer, insbesondere beheizten, Heißpresse zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte verpresst.According to a preferred embodiment, the substrate is a fiber cake and after the application of the liquid, the fiber cake is pressed by means of a, in particular heated, hot press to a wood-based panel.
Unter einer Heißpresse wird eine Presse verstanden, die das Substrat, insbesondere den Faserkuchen, dadurch erhitzt, dass sie eine höhere Temperatur als der Faserkuchen hat. Das Substrat wird daher durch Wärmeleitung aus der Heißpresse in das Substrat erhitzt. Eine Heißpresse wird insbesondere nicht mittels Mikrowellen beheizt. Vorzugsweise ist die Heißpresse mittels eines Wärmeübertragungsmediums, insbesondere eines Thermoöls, beheizt. Die Heißpresse ist vorzugsweise eine Bandpresse, insbesondere eine Doppelbandpresse. Bei Doppelbandpressen wird das Substrat zwischen zwei umlaufenden Pressblechen gepresst. Insbesondere ist zumindest eines der Pressbleche beheizt.A hot press is understood to mean a press that heats the substrate, in particular the fiber cake, by having a higher temperature than the fiber cake. The substrate is therefore heated by conduction from the hot press into the substrate. In particular, a hot press is not heated by means of microwaves. Preferably, the hot press is heated by means of a heat transfer medium, in particular a thermal oil. The hot press is preferably a belt press, in particular a double belt press. In double-belt presses, the substrate is pressed between two rotating press plates. In particular, at least one of the press plates is heated.
Der Faserkuchen hat, insbesondere im besprühten Bereich, vorzugsweise eine Dicke von zumindest 10 Millimeter, höchstens 150 Millimeter. Daraus hergestellte Holzwerkstoffplatten weisen eine Dicke von 4 bis 15 Millimeter auf. Der Faserkuchen ist zumindest vorzugsweise zumindest 20-fach so breit wie hoch.The fiber cake, in particular in the sprayed area, preferably has a thickness of at least 10 millimeters, at most 150 millimeters. Wood-based panels made of this have a thickness of 4 to 15 millimeters. The fiber cake is at least preferably at least 20 times as wide as high.
Vorzugsweise hat das Substrat in Materialflussrichtung vor der Aufbringvorrichtung eine Substrat-Temperatur, wobei die Flüssigkeit beim Aufbringen eine Flüssigkeits-Temperatur hat, die sich um zumindest 5 Kelvin, insbesondere zumindest 10 Kelvin, von der Substrat-Temperatur unterscheidet. Wenn das Substrat nicht über seine volle Breite senkrecht zur Materialflussrichtung die gleiche Temperatur hat, so ist unter der Substrat-Temperatur der Mittelwert der lokalen Temperaturen gemeint, insbesondere der arithmetische Mittelwert. Die Substrat-Temperatur bezieht sich insbesondere auf den Bereich unmittelbar vor dem Abscheidebereich, insbesondere den Bereich in einem Abstand von höchstens 1 m vor dem Abscheidebereich.The substrate preferably has a substrate temperature in the material flow direction in front of the application device, the liquid having a liquid temperature during application which differs by at least 5 Kelvin, in particular at least 10 Kelvin, from the substrate temperature. If the substrate does not have the same temperature over its full width perpendicular to the material flow direction, then below the substrate temperature is the mean of the local temperatures meant, in particular the arithmetic mean. The substrate temperature relates in particular to the area immediately before the deposition area, in particular the area at a distance of at most 1 m before the deposition area.
Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass die Substrat-Temperatur absolut oder in einer Temperatureinheit bekannt ist. Es ist ausreichend, dass die Temperatur-Differenz zwischen Substrat-Temperatur und Flüssigkeits-Temperatur ermittelbar ist. Dabei ist es möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass diese Temperatur-Differenz in Form einer Temperatureinheit, beispielsweise in Grad Celsius, Kelvin oder Fahrenheit, bekannt ist. Insbesondere ist es auch möglich, dass die Temperatur oder die Temperatur-Differenz durch ein elektrisches Signal kodiert ist. Maßgeblich ist lediglich, dass zeitliche und/oder räumliche Temperaturunterschiede detektierbar sind, sodass eine Entscheidung darüber möglich ist, ob sich die Inhomogenität des Aufbringens geändert hat.It is possible, but not necessary, for the substrate temperature to be absolute or known in one unit of temperature. It is sufficient that the temperature difference between substrate temperature and liquid temperature can be determined. It is possible, but not necessary, for this temperature difference to be known in the form of a temperature unit, for example in degrees Celsius, Kelvin or Fahrenheit. In particular, it is also possible that the temperature or the temperature difference is coded by an electrical signal. All that is decisive is that temporal and / or spatial temperature differences can be detected so that it is possible to decide whether the inhomogeneity of the application has changed.
Es ist günstig, wenn die Temperatur der Flüssigkeit gemessen wird, das ist aber nicht notwendig. Beispielsweise kann die Flüssigkeit auch Umgebungstemperatur haben, während das Substrat eine höhere Temperatur hat als die Umgebung.It is convenient if the temperature of the liquid is measured, but this is not necessary. For example, the liquid may also have ambient temperature while the substrate has a higher temperature than the environment.
Günstig ist es, wenn die Flüssigkeits-Temperatur kleiner ist als die Substrat-Temperatur. In diesem Fall kann Verdunstungskälte, die beim Verdunsten von Teilen der Flüssigkeit entsteht, den Kontrast verstärken.It is favorable if the liquid temperature is lower than the substrate temperature. In this case, evaporative coldness, which develops when parts of the liquid evaporate, can increase the contrast.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Verfahren die Schritte eines kontinuierlichen automatischen Erfassens eines Inhomogenitätsparameters, der eine Inhomogenität des Auftrages, also das Ergebnis des Aufbringens, an Flüssigkeit beschreibt. Vorzugweise umfasst das Verfahren den Schritt eines Ausgebens eines Signals, wenn der Inhomogenitätsparameter von einem vorgegebenen Soll-Wert um mehr als einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert abweicht. Beispielsweise ist der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter minimal, wenn die Flüssigkeit ideal homogen aufgetragen wird. Je inhomogener der Auftrag der Flüssigkeit ist, desto größer wird der Inhomogenitätsparameter. Selbstverständlich kann der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter auch maximal sein, wenn eine ideal homogene Verteilung vorliegt, und sinken, wenn der Auftrag an Kunstharz inhomogener wird. Das Erfassen des Inhomogenitätsparameters umfasst das Aufnehmen von Bildern mittels der Infrarot-Kamera und deren Auswertung. Selbstverständlich kann der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter auch maximal sein, wenn die Flüssigkeit ideal homogen aufgetragen wird und kleiner werden, je inhomogener der Auftrag der Flüssigkeit ist.Preferably, the method comprises the steps of a continuous automatic detection of an inhomogeneity parameter which describes an inhomogeneity of the order, ie the result of the application to liquid. Preferably, the method includes the step of outputting a signal if the inhomogeneity parameter deviates from a predetermined desired value by more than a predetermined threshold. For example, the inhomogeneity parameter is minimal when the liquid is ideally homogeneously applied. The more inhomogeneous the order of the liquid is, the greater the inhomogeneity parameter becomes. Of course, the inhomogeneity parameter can also be maximal when there is an ideally homogeneous distribution and sink, when the order of synthetic resin becomes inhomogeneous. Detecting the inhomogeneity parameter includes taking pictures using the infrared camera and evaluating them. Of course, the inhomogeneity parameter can also be maximum, if the liquid is ideally homogeneously applied and smaller, the more inhomogeneous the order of the liquid is.
Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass das ausgegebene Signal von Menschen wahrnehmbar ist. Insbesondere ist es auch möglich, dass das Signal ein elektrisches und/oder optisches Signal ist. In diesem Fall wird das Signal vorzugsweise an eine Steuervorrichtung der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung weitergeleitet.It is possible, but not necessary, for the output signal to be perceived by humans. In particular, it is also possible that the signal is an electrical and / or optical signal. In this case, the signal is preferably forwarded to a control device of the wood-based panel manufacturing device.
Beispielsweise ist der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter eine Aufbringbereich-Temperaturdifferenz innerhalb des Aufbringbereichs, insbesondere des Auslaufbereichs. Unter der Aufbringbereich-Temperaturdifferenz wird die maximale Temperaturdifferenz zwischen zwei Punkten oder Gruppen von Punkten des Aufbringbereichs verstanden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der Inhomogenitätsparameter eine Temperatur-Varianz innerhalb des Aufbringbereichs und/oder eines Anteils der Punkte außerhalb eines vorgegebenen Temperatur-Intervalls, beispielsweise um den arithmetischen Mittelwert, beschreiben.For example, the inhomogeneity parameter is an application area temperature difference within the application area, especially the exit area. The application area temperature difference is understood to mean the maximum temperature difference between two points or groups of points of the application area. Alternatively or additionally, the inhomogeneity parameter may describe a temperature variance within the application area and / or a proportion of the points outside of a predetermined temperature interval, for example around the arithmetic mean.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren den Schritt eines automatischen Aufnehmens des Auslaufbereichs mit der Infrarot-Kamera. Günstig ist es, wenn der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter auch eine Auslaufbereich-Temperatur-Differenz beschreibt, die zeitliche und/oder räumliche Temperaturdifferenzen im Auslaufbereich charakterisiert.Preferably, the method according to the invention comprises the step of automatically picking up the outlet area with the infrared camera. It is favorable if the inhomogeneity parameter also describes a discharge range temperature difference which characterizes temporal and / or spatial temperature differences in the discharge region.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Herstellen des Substrats ein Streuen von beleimten Holzfasern zu einem Faserkuchen, wobei die Flüssigkeit nach dem Streuen auf den Faserkuchen aufgebracht wird und wobei der Faserkuchen nach dem Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte verpresst wird. Auf diese Weise wird eine gleichmäßige Produktqualität der Holzwerkstoffplatte erreicht.Preferably, the production of the substrate comprises spreading glued wood fibers into a fiber cake, wherein the liquid is applied to the fiber cake after spreading and wherein the fiber cake is pressed after the application of the liquid to a wood material board. In this way, a uniform product quality of the wood-based panel is achieved.
Günstig ist es, wenn die Flüssigkeit dann zumindest 50 Gewichtsprozent, insbesondere 75 Gewichtsprozent, Wasser umfasst. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Flüssigkeit ein Tensid enthält, um die Benetzung des Substrats zu verbessern.It is favorable if the liquid then comprises at least 50 percent by weight, in particular 75 percent by weight, of water. It is advantageous if the liquid contains a surfactant to improve the wetting of the substrate.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält die Flüssigkeit 1,5 bis 4 Gewichtsprozent an Polyol und 1 bis 7 Gewichtsprozent an anionischen Tensiden, also einem oder mehr Tensiden. Günstig ist es, wenn die Flüssigkeit höchstens 1% an nichtionischen Tensiden enthält.According to a preferred embodiment, the liquid contains 1.5 to 4 percent by weight of polyol and 1 to 7 percent by weight of anionic surfactants, ie one or more surfactants. It is favorable if the liquid contains at most 1% of nonionic surfactants.
Vorzugsweise ist das Aufbringen ein Zerstäuben, Sprühen oder Verdüsen. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform erfolgt das Aufbringen mittels zumindest dreier Aufbringelemente, insbesondere Düsen, wobei das Überwachen des Auftragens ein Erfassen eines Funktionierens der Aufbringelemente anhand des Sprühbilds, das von der Infrarot-Kamera aufgenommen wird, umfasst. So kann schnell und einfach festgestellt werden, ob ein Aufbringelemente, insbesondere eine Düse, verstopft oder ein Flüssigkeitstank leer ist.Preferably, the application is sputtering, spraying or atomizing. According to a preferred embodiment, the application is carried out by means of at least three application elements, in particular nozzles, wherein the monitoring of the application comprises detecting a functioning of the application elements based on the spray pattern, which is received by the infrared camera. Thus, it can be quickly and easily determined whether an applicator, especially a nozzle, clogged or a liquid tank is empty.
Vorzugsweise werden Bereiche der Holzwerkstoffplatte, für den die Inhomogenität des Flüssigkeitsauftrags zu groß ist, ausgesondert. Das kann beispielsweise dadurch geschehen, dass diese Bereiche sichtbar oder unsichtbar markiert werden. Beispielsweise werden nur solche Holzwerkstoffplatten oder Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatten mit einer Papierlage versehen, für die der Flüssigkeitsauftrag hinreichend homogen war. Insbesondere werden solche Bereiche ausgesondert, für die der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter größer als der vorgegebene Schwellenwert.Preferably, areas of the wood-based panel for which the inhomogeneity of the liquid application is too large, are discarded. This can be done, for example, by marking these areas visibly or invisibly. For example, only such wood-based panels or raw wood-based panels are provided with a paper layer for which the liquid was sufficiently homogeneous. In particular, those areas are discarded for which the inhomogeneity parameter is greater than the predetermined threshold value.
Die Erfindung ist aber nicht auf das Befeuchten des Faserkuchens beschränkt, sondern kann beispielsweise auch in einem Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fußbodenpaneels eingesetzt werden. Dazu umfasst das Herstellen des Substrats bevorzugt ein Streuen von beleimten Holzfasern zu einem Faserkuchen und ein Verpressen des Faserkuchens zu einer Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte. Vorzugsweise wird die Flüssigkeit, insbesondere in Form von flüssigem Kunstharz, auf eine Presshaut, insbesondere eine ungeschliffene Presshaut, der verpressten Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte aufgebracht. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass eine vorzugsweise danach aufgebrachte Papierlage besonders gut haftet. So entsteht eine Holzwerkstoffplatte in Form eines Fußbodenpaneelrohlings. Das Verpressen erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels einer Kurztaktpresse.The invention is not limited to the moistening of the fiber cake, but can for example also be used in a method for producing a floor panel. For this purpose, the production of the substrate preferably comprises a spreading of glued wood fibers to a fiber cake and a pressing of the fiber cake to a raw wood material board. The liquid, in particular in the form of liquid synthetic resin, is preferably applied to a press skin, in particular an uncut press skin, of the pressed raw wood-based panel. It has been found that a preferably subsequently applied paper layer adheres particularly well. This creates a wood-based panel in the form of a floor panel blank. The pressing is preferably carried out by means of a short-cycle press.
Der Begriff Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte soll lediglich ausdrücken, dass diese Holzwerkstoffplatte in der Regel weiter verarbeitet wird, und bedeutet inhaltlich das Gleiche wie der Begriff Holzwerkstoffplatte. In anderen Worten soll aus Klarheitsgründen lediglich vermieden werden, die gleiche Bezeichnung der Holzwerkstoffplatte für verschiedene Verarbeitungsstufen auf dem Weg zur (fertigen) Holzwerkstoffplatte zu verwenden. Der Begriff Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte wird für Verfahren verwendet, bei denen Flüssigkeit auf ein Substrat in Form eines verpressten Faserkuchen aufgebracht wird. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte auch eine Holzwerkstoffplatte ist.The term raw wood-based panel is merely intended to express that this wood-based panel is usually processed further, and in terms of content means the same as the term wood-based panel. In other words, for reasons of clarity, it should only be avoided to use the same designation of the wood-based panel for different processing stages on the way to the (finished) wood-based panel. The term raw wood-based panel is used for methods in which liquid is applied to a substrate in the form of a compressed fiber cake. It should be noted that the raw wood-based panel is also a wood-based panel.
Vorzugsweise ist die Flüssigkeit dann ein flüssiges Kunstharz, insbesondere ein Melaminharz, ein Harnstoffharz oder eine Mischung aus einem Melaminharz und einem Harzstoffharz. Das Aufbringen ist beispielsweise ein Aufwalzen, Aufspritzen oder Aufsprühen.Preferably, the liquid is then a liquid synthetic resin, in particular a melamine resin, a urea resin or a mixture of a melamine resin and a resinous resin. The application is for example a rolling, spraying or spraying.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass es vorteilhaft ist, zumindest 5 g flüssigen Kunstharzes pro Quadratmeter Substrat aufzubringen. Beispielsweise werden 10 bis 20 Milliliter pro Quadratmeter Substrat aufgebracht. Vorzugsweise ist die Menge der pro Quadratmeter Substrat aufgebrachten Menge an Kunstharz kleiner als 100 g, insbesondere kleiner als 50 g, vorzugsweise kleiner als 25 g. In diesem Fall ist eine aktive Trocknung entbehrlich. Es ist aber auch möglich, dass mehr als 100 g pro Quadratmeter an flüssigem Kunstharz aufgebracht werden, dann aber wird der Faserkuchen nach dem Aufbringen vorzugsweise aktiv getrocknet.It has been found that it is advantageous to apply at least 5 g of liquid synthetic resin per square meter of substrate. For example, 10 to 20 milliliters per square meter of substrate are applied. The amount of synthetic resin applied per square meter of substrate is preferably less than 100 g, in particular less than 50 g, preferably less than 25 g. In this case, an active drying is dispensable. But it is also possible that more than 100 g per square meter of liquid synthetic resin are applied, but then the fiber cake is preferably dried actively after application.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Verfahren die Schritte eines Aufbringens zumindest einer Papierlage, die mit einem Kunstharz getränkt sein kann und vorzugsweise ein Dekorpapier ist, auf eine Oberseite/eine Unterseite der Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte, sodass eine papierbeschichtete Holzwerkstoffplatte entsteht, und eines Verpressens der papierbeschichteten Holzwerkstoffplatte, sodass das Kunstharz aufschmilzt und sich die Papierlage mit der Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte verbindet, wobei das flüssige Kunstharz vor dem Aufbringen der Papierlage aufgebracht wird. Auf diese Weise verbindet sich die Papierlage unter Ausbildung eines Laminats mit der Platte.Preferably, the method comprises the steps of applying at least one paper layer, which may be impregnated with a synthetic resin and is preferably a decorative paper, to a top side / a bottom side of the raw wood-based panel, so that a paper-coated wood-based panel is formed, and a pressing of the paper-coated wood-based panel, so melts the resin and the paper layer connects to the raw wood-based panel, wherein the liquid resin applied before applying the paper layer becomes. In this way, the paper layer connects to form a laminate with the plate.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Verfahren die Schritte eines Aufbringens einer Overlay-Papierschicht, bei der es sich vorzugsweise um eine Schicht aus Dekorpapier handelt. Das erfolgt vorzugsweise nach dem Aufbringen der Papierlage. Günstig ist es zudem, wenn eine Verschleißschutzschicht auf die Papierlage oder die Overlay-Papierschicht aufgebracht wird.Preferably, the method comprises the steps of applying an overlay paper layer, which is preferably a layer of decorative paper. This is preferably done after applying the paper layer. It is also beneficial if a wear protection layer is applied to the paper layer or the overlay paper layer.
Im Rahmen eines bevorzugten Verfahrens wird die Holzwerkstoffplatte geschnitten. So kann beispielsweise ein Fußbodenpaneel entstehen. In die Holzwerkstoffplatte, insbesondere ein Fußbodenpaneele werden vorzugsweise Nuten und/ oder Federn in den Randbereich eingebracht. Daher ist auch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fußbodenpaneels erfindungsgemäß.In a preferred method, the wood-based panel is cut. For example, a floor panel can be created. In the wood-based panel, in particular a floor panels preferably grooves and / or springs are introduced into the edge region. Therefore, a method for producing a floor panel according to the invention is also.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise ausgebildet zum Durchführen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Eine erfindungsgemäße Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung umfasst dazu vorzugsweise eine Inhomogenitäts-Überwachungsvorrichtung, die die Infrarot-Kamera aufweist. Die Inhomogenitäts-Überwachungsvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise eingerichtet zum kontinuierlichen automatischen Erfassen des Inhomogenitäts-Parameters. Günstig ist es, wenn sie zudem ausgebildet ist zum automatischen Ausgeben eines Signals, wenn der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter von einem Soll-Wert um mehr als einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert abweicht.A wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus according to the invention is preferably designed for carrying out a method according to the invention. A wood-based panel manufacturing device according to the invention preferably comprises an inhomogeneity monitoring device which has the infrared camera. The inhomogeneity monitor is preferably arranged for continuously automatically detecting the inhomogeneity parameter. It is favorable if it is additionally designed to automatically output a signal if the inhomogeneity parameter deviates from a desired value by more than a predetermined threshold value.
Vorzugsweise besitzt die Aufbringvorrichtung ein erstes Aufbringsystem zum Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit und ein zweites Aufbringsystem zum Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit (16), das zum ersten Aufbringsystem redundant angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise besitzen das erste Aufbringsystem zumindest drei Aufbringelemente, insbesondere Düsen und das zweite Aufbringsystem zumindest drei Aufbringelemente, insbesondere Düsen, wobei zumindest das erste Aufbringsystem so bewegbar, insbesondere klappbar, ausgebildet ist, dass zumindest eine Düse im Betrieb der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung austauschbar ist.Preferably, the application device has a first application system for applying the liquid and a second application system for applying the liquid (16), which is arranged redundantly to the first application system. The first application system preferably has at least three application elements, in particular nozzles and the second application system, at least three application elements, in particular nozzles, wherein at least the first application system is designed to be movable, in particular hinged, such that at least one nozzle is interchangeable during operation of the particleboard production device.
Vorzugsweise besitzt die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung eine Steuervorrichtung, die mit der Inhomogenitäts-Überwachungsvorrichtung verbunden ist und eingerichtet ist zum automatischen Anschalten des zweiten Aufbringsystems und Abschalten der ersten Aufbringsystems, wenn der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter vom vorgegebenen Soll-Wert um mehr als den vorgegebenen Schwellenwert abweicht.Preferably, the wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus has a controller connected to the inhomogeneity monitor and configured to automatically turn on the second application system and shut down the first application system when the inhomogeneity parameter deviates from the predetermined desired value by more than the predetermined threshold.
Erfindungsgemäß ist also insbesondere eine Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung, die ausgebildet ist zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, insbesondere einer MDF- oder HDF-Platte, mit (a) einer Substrat-Herstellvorrichtung in Form einer Faserkuchen-Herstellvorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Substrats in Form eines Faserkuchens und (b) einer Aufbringvorrichtung zum Aufbringen einer Flüssigkeit auf einen Aufbringbereich des Faserkuchens, gekennzeichnet durch (c) eine Infrarot-Kamera, die ausgebildet ist zum automatischen Aufnehmen zumindest eines Teils des Aufbringbereichs, sodass eine Inhomogenität des Aufbringens erfassbar ist. Die bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen, die oben genannt sind, beziehen sich auch auf diese Erfindung. Diese Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung umfasst vorzugsweise eine Heißpresse zum Pressen des Faserkuchens zu einer Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte oder Holzfaserplatte, beispielsweise einer MDF-Platte oder, was bevorzugt ist, zu einer HDF-Platte.Thus, according to the invention, in particular a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus is provided, which is designed for producing a wood-based panel, in particular an MDF or HDF panel, with (a) a substrate-manufacturing apparatus in the form of a fiber-pie-manufacturing apparatus for producing a substrate in the form of a fiber cake and ( b) an application device for applying a liquid to an application region of the fiber cake, characterized by (c) an infrared camera, which is designed to automatically pick up at least part of the application region, so that an inhomogeneity of the application can be detected. The preferred embodiments mentioned above also relate to this invention. This wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus preferably comprises a hot press for pressing the fiber cake into a raw wood-based panel or fiberboard, for example, an MDF panel, or, preferably, an HDF panel.
Erfindungsgemäß ist insbesondere auch eine Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung, die ausgebildet ist zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, insbesondere einer MDF- oder HDF-Platte oder eines Fußbodenpaneels, mit (a) einer Substrat-Herstellvorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte durch Verpressen eines Faserkuchens und (b) einer Aufbringvorrichtung zum Aufbringen einer Flüssigkeit auf einen Aufbringbereich der Holzwerkstoffplatte, gekennzeichnet durch (c) eine Infrarot-Kamera, die ausgebildet ist zum automatischen Aufnehmen zumindest eines Teils des Aufbringbereichs, sodass eine Inhomogenität des Aufbringens erfassbar ist. Die bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen, die oben genannt sind, beziehen sich auch auf diese Erfindung.In particular, according to the invention, a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus is also provided, which is designed for producing a wood-based panel, in particular an MDF or HDF panel or a floor panel, with (a) a substrate-producing apparatus for producing a wood-based panel by pressing a fiber cake and (b) a An application device for applying a liquid to an application region of the wood-based panel, characterized by (c) an infrared camera, which is designed for automatically picking up at least part of the application region, so that an inhomogeneity of the application can be detected. The preferred embodiments mentioned above also relate to this invention.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Steuervorrichtung der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung ausgebildet zum automatischen Ansteuern einer Ausschleusevorrichtung, sodass die Ausschleusevorrichtung solche Substrate ausschleust, bei deren Herstellung der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter vom vorgegebenen Soll-Wert um mehr als den vorgegebenen Schwellenwert abgewichen ist.According to a preferred embodiment, the control device of the wood-based panel manufacturing device is designed for automatic control a discharge device, so that the discharge device ejects such substrates, in the production of the inhomogeneity parameter has deviated from the predetermined target value by more than the predetermined threshold value.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist die Steuervorrichtung ausgebildet zum automatischen Markieren solcher Substrate, bei deren Herstellung der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter vom vorgegebenen Soll-Wert um mehr als den vorgegebenen Schwellenwert abgewichen ist, mit einer Markierung, die diese Tatsache kodiert. So können diese Substrate beispielsweise für Produkte verwendet werden, an die geringere Ansprüche gestellt werden. Dieses Markieren kann dadurch erfolgen, dass eine wahrnehmbare Markierung, beispielsweise eine alphanumerische Kodierung, auf das Substrat aufgebracht wird. Alternativ ist aber auch möglich, dass in der Steuervorrichtung Daten abgelegt werden, anhand derer für jeden Abschnitt des Substrats feststellbar ist, ob der Inhomogenitäts-Parameter vom vorgegebenen Soll-Wert um mehr als den vorgegebenen Schwellenwert abgewichen ist oder nicht.Alternatively or additionally, the control device is designed to automatically mark such substrates, in the production of which the inhomogeneity parameter has deviated from the predetermined desired value by more than the predetermined threshold value, with a marking which codes this fact. For example, these substrates can be used for products to which lower demands are made. This marking can be effected by applying a perceptible marking, for example an alphanumeric coding, to the substrate. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for data to be stored in the control device on the basis of which it can be established for each section of the substrate whether or not the inhomogeneity parameter has deviated from the predefined setpoint value by more than the predetermined threshold value.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt
- Figur 1
- ein Schema einer erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung zum Durchführen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Herstellen einer Holzwerkstoffplatte,
- Figur 2
- eine schematische Detailansicht einer Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung, die gegenüber der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung nach
Figur 1 leicht modifiziert ist, und - Figur 3
- ein Bild der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung gemäß
Figur 2 , das von der Infrarot-Kamera der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung analog zuFigur 1 aufgenommen wurde.
- FIG. 1
- a diagram of a wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention for producing a wood-based panel,
- FIG. 2
- a schematic detail view of a wood-based panel manufacturing device, which compared to the wood-based panel manufacturing device according to
FIG. 1 is slightly modified, and - FIG. 3
- an image of the wood-based panel manufacturing apparatus according to
FIG. 2 , the analog of the infrared camera of the wood-based panel manufacturing deviceFIG. 1 has been recorded.
Die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung 10 umfasst eine Infrarot-Kamera 22, in deren Sichtfeld 23 ein Aufbringbereich 24 liegt. Der Aufbringbereich 24 ist der Bereich des Substrats 18, der mit Flüssigkeit 16 benetzt ist. In einer Materialflussrichtung hinter der Aufbringvorrichtung ist eine Presse 26 angeordnet, die den Faserkuchen 18 zu einer Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte 27 verpresst.The wood-based
In Materialflussrichtung M hinter der Presse 26 kann eine Schneidevorrichtung vorhanden sein, die die entstandene Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte 27 schneidet und in ein Lager einschichtet. Diese Vorrichtungen sind in
Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass die Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte 27 zu einem Fußbodenpaneel 29 weiter verarbeitet wird. Das entsprechende erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird im Folgenden erläutert. Das Substrat 18, diesmal in Form der Roh-Holzwerkstoffplatte 27, wird dazu von einer zweiten Aufbringvorrichtung 14.2 mit einer zweiten Flüssigkeit 16.2 in Form eines flüssigen Kunstharzes benetzt. Dieses Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit 16.2 wird von einer zweiten Infrarot-Kamera 22.2 erfasst.It is possible, but not necessary, for the raw wood-based
In Materialflussrichtung M hinter der zweiten Aufbringvorrichtung 14.2 ist eine Papierauflegevorrichtung 28 angeordnet, die eine Papierschicht zumindest oben auf die Holzwerkstoffplatte 27 auflegt. Eine dahinter angeordnete zweite Presse 30, bei der es sich um eine Kurztaktpresse handeln kann, verpresst die Papierlage mit der Holzwerkstoffplatte 27. In einer nachgeschalteten Besäumanlage 32, die optional ist, wird ein Verbindungsprofil, beispielsweise eine Nut und/oder eine Feder, in den Randbereich der Holzwerkstoffplatte 27 eingebracht, sodass ein Fußbodenpanel entsteht.In the material flow direction M behind the second applicator 14.2, a
Die Flüssigkeit 16 hat eine Flüssigkeits-Temperatur T16, die sich von einer Substrat-Temperatur T42 in einem Vorlaufbereich 42 unterscheidet, wobei der Vorlaufbereich 42 in Materialflussrichtung M vor dem Aufbringbereich 24 liegt. Durch das Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit 16 sinkt daher die Temperatur eines Flächenstücks des Substrats 18. Das wird von der Infrarot-Kamera 22 erfasst.The liquid 16 has a liquid temperature T 16 , which differs from a substrate temperature T 42 in a
Für alle Bildpunkte des Bildes B, die im Messbereich A liegen, wird die jeweilige Temperatur T ermittelt. Es wird dann die Durchschnittstemperatur in den extremen Quantilen ermittelt, beispielsweise im ersten Dezil (T1;10) und im zehnten Dezil (T10;10). Weicht eine Temperaturdifferenz ΔT = T1;10 - T10;10 dieser beiden Temperaturen um mehr als einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert F von beispielsweise F = 0,5 Kelvin von einem Soll-Wert S = 0 Kelvin ab, so wird ein Warnsignal ausgegeben.For all pixels of the image B, which are in the measuring range A, the respective temperature T is determined. The average temperature in the extreme quantiles is then determined, for example in the first decile (T 1; 10 ) and in the tenth decile (T 10; 10 ). If a temperature difference ΔT = T 1; 10 -T 10; 10 of these two temperatures deviates from a desired value S = 0 Kelvin by more than a predetermined threshold value F of, for example, F = 0.5 Kelvin, a warning signal is output.
Dieses Warnsignal kann beispielsweise ein akustisches und/oder optisches Signal sein, das einem Bediener der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung 10 signalisiert, dass möglicherweise eine Fehlfunktion vorliegt.This warning signal can be, for example, an acoustic and / or visual signal, which signals to an operator of the wood-based
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung 10 eine redundante Hilfs-Aufbringvorrichtung 48 aufweisen, die in
Die
Claims (14)
gekennzeichnet durch den Schritt:
characterized by the step:
gekennzeichnet durch
marked by
die Aufbringvorrichtung (14) ausgebildet ist zum Aufbringen der Flüssigkeit (16) mit einer Temperatur, die sich um zumindest 1 Kelvin, insbesondere zumindest 5 Kelvin, von einer Substrat-Temperatur (T42) unterscheidet, die das Substrat (S) vor dem Aufbringen hat.Wood material board manufacturing device (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that
the applicator device (14) is designed to apply the liquid (16) at a temperature which differs by at least 1 Kelvin, in particular at least 5 Kelvin, from a substrate temperature (T 42 ) which the substrate (S) prior to application Has.
die Substrat-Herstellvorrichtung (12) eine Heißpresse aufweist,
wobei die Heißpresse mittels eines Heizfluids beheizt ist.Wood material board manufacturing apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that
the substrate manufacturing device (12) has a hot press,
wherein the hot press is heated by means of a heating fluid.
die Infrarot-Kamera (22) Teil einer Inhomogenitäts-Überwachungsvorrichtung (44) ist, die eingerichtet ist zum
the infrared camera (22) is part of an inhomogeneity monitor (44) adapted for
das zweite Aufbringsystem (15.2) zumindest drei Düsen (38.5, 38.6, 38.7) aufweist und dass
zumindest das erste (15.1) Aufbringsystem so bewegbar, insbesondere klappbar, ausgebildet ist, dass zumindest eine Düse (38.1) im Betrieb der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Herstellvorrichtung (10) austauschbar ist.
the second application system (15.2) has at least three nozzles (38.5, 38.6, 38.7) and that
at least the first (15.1) Aufbringsystem so movable, in particular hinged, is formed, that at least one nozzle (38.1) in the operation of the wood-based panel manufacturing device (10) is interchangeable.
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EP (2) | EP3181313B1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2788899T3 (en) |
PL (2) | PL3181313T3 (en) |
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Cited By (3)
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EP3470192A1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-17 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Method and device for manufacturing a wood composite board |
EP3470191A1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-17 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Method and device for manufacturing a wood composite board |
RU2778083C2 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2022-08-15 | СВИСС КРОНО Тек АГ | Method and device for manufacture of chipboard |
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CN111216214B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2021-06-08 | 南兴装备股份有限公司 | Automatic edge bonding machine for soft forming |
EP4378650A1 (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2024-06-05 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Method for producing osb and osb production device |
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- 2016-12-15 US US15/380,769 patent/US10442112B2/en active Active
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3470192A1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-17 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Method and device for manufacturing a wood composite board |
EP3470191A1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-17 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Method and device for manufacturing a wood composite board |
WO2019076545A1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-25 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Method and device for producing a composite wood board |
WO2019076556A1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-25 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Method and device for producing a composite wood board |
CN111225777A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2020-06-02 | 瑞士克罗诺泰克股份公司 | Method and device for producing a wood composite panel |
CN111225778A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2020-06-02 | 瑞士克罗诺泰克股份公司 | Method and device for producing a wood composite panel |
RU2765816C2 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2022-02-03 | СВИСС КРОНО Тек АГ | Method and device for making board based on wood material |
RU2778083C2 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2022-08-15 | СВИСС КРОНО Тек АГ | Method and device for manufacture of chipboard |
CN111225777B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2022-09-16 | 瑞士克罗诺泰克股份公司 | Method and device for producing a wood composite panel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2788899T3 (en) | 2020-10-23 |
UA126649C2 (en) | 2023-01-11 |
PT3181313T (en) | 2020-05-19 |
RU2016149514A3 (en) | 2020-05-25 |
EP3189951B1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
RU2735409C2 (en) | 2020-11-02 |
PL3181313T3 (en) | 2020-08-24 |
RU2016149514A (en) | 2018-06-20 |
PL3189951T3 (en) | 2019-03-29 |
EP3181313A1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
ES2694576T3 (en) | 2018-12-21 |
EP3181313B1 (en) | 2020-03-18 |
US20170173820A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 |
TR201819135T4 (en) | 2019-01-21 |
PT3189951T (en) | 2018-12-04 |
US10442112B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
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