EP3469603B1 - Coaxial electrical line for automatable processing processes - Google Patents

Coaxial electrical line for automatable processing processes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3469603B1
EP3469603B1 EP17732042.1A EP17732042A EP3469603B1 EP 3469603 B1 EP3469603 B1 EP 3469603B1 EP 17732042 A EP17732042 A EP 17732042A EP 3469603 B1 EP3469603 B1 EP 3469603B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical
layer
wall thickness
outer layer
inner layer
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EP17732042.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3469603A1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Nottebrock
Christian Eck
Helmut Wichmann
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Coroplast Fritz Mueller GmbH and Co KG
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Coroplast Fritz Mueller GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to PL17732042T priority Critical patent/PL3469603T3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H01B7/0208—Cables with several layers of insulating material
    • H01B7/0216—Two layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H01B7/0275—Disposition of insulation comprising one or more extruded layers of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • H01B9/024—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients composed of braided metal wire

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a single-core, shielded, coaxially constructed electrical line, comprising an electrical conductor which is centrally surrounded by an electrical insulation layer, and an electrical shield arranged on the circumference of the electrical insulation layer, and an electrically insulating sheath layer surrounding the electrical shield, the electrical insulation layer at least has two concentric sublayers, namely at least one radially inner inner layer and at least one radially outer outer layer, and the inner layer has at least one wall thickness which is designed for a respective dielectric strength at a given electrical operating voltage.
  • Such lines are used in particular in commercially available antenna lines as so-called coaxial lines. There is also a need for such lines in electrically powered vehicles. In electrically powered vehicles, such lines are operated in particular with nominal voltages greater than 30 volts AC and 60 volts DC.
  • This cable has a conductor core which is covered by an inner layer made of polyethylene, which itself is covered by a second layer also made of polyethylene.
  • the inner layer has a low density and the second layer has a high density.
  • the insulation layer of the line is preferably produced by an extrusion process.
  • the shielding can in particular consist of a shielding braid or a combination of shielding braid and a further shielding measure such as a metallized film.
  • the coaxial electrical lines In order to connect the coaxial electrical lines to other electrical components of a vehicle electrical system, they are connected to shielded connectors as part of the further processing. For this purpose, the complete electrical lines are cut to specified lengths, the outer sheath and the insulation layer having to be removed at the specified lengths.
  • the shielding must also be cut to specific lengths according to customer-specific and tight-tolerance specifications.
  • rotating knife tools Due to the coaxial structure and the required dimensional accuracy, rotating knife tools are preferably used. The cutting depth of the knife tools can be adjusted by electronic control depending on the application-specific requirements. However, there are tolerances due to the manufacturing process during the manufacture of the line, in particular with regard to the wall thickness and the concentricity of the insulation layer.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a single-core, shielded, coaxially constructed electrical line in which an automatic processing process is improved and the proportion of rejects in the processing of the line is reduced.
  • the ratio of the wall thickness of the inner layer to the wall thickness of the outer layer is one to three, the wall thickness of the outer layer being dimensioned as a function of a deviation in the centricity of the line structure in such a way that it is greater than / equal to a penetration depth of a knife tool when stripping the sheath layer and the shielding in the inner layer is.
  • the material density of the inner layer (4a) is 0.85 g / cm 3 to 1.3 g / cm 3
  • the material density of the outer layer is greater than the material density of the inner layer.
  • the outer layer forms an incision aid. When the knife tools are cut, the cut is only made in the outer layer and the inner layer remains undamaged. In addition, this enables an optimized wall thickness of the outer layer for the conductor cross-sections commonly used in electric vehicles.
  • the automotive industry has in particular defined the specification LV 216-2, as of December 2015, for electrical shielded cables, which specifies certain requirements for single-core shielded coaxial electrical cables, in particular for standardizing the cable sizes and thus also the connectors.
  • the cable according to the invention has the advantage that the requirements of LV 216-2 can be met further and in particular the cables according to the invention can be used with the already existing plug connectors for use in electric vehicles.
  • the wall thickness of the inner layer is advantageously 50% to 75% of the total wall thickness of the electrical insulation layer. This ensures sufficient dielectric strength for the nominal voltages customary in electric vehicles and for the conductor cross-sections usually used through the inner layer alone.
  • the wall thickness of the outer layer is 50% to 25% of the total wall thickness of the electrical insulation layer. This avoids cutting the knife tools into the inner layer for conductor cross-sections common in electric vehicles. In addition, if the incision is too severe, the outer layer is completely severed and an incision that is too severe is recognized.
  • the material density of the inner layer is 1.2 g / cm 3 . This enables the inner layer to be sufficiently stable while at the same time providing sufficient line flexibility.
  • the material density of the outer layer is 1.5 g / cm 3 to 2.2 g / cm 3 , preferably 1.8 g / cm 3 . This enables the outer layer to be sufficiently stable while at the same time providing sufficient line flexibility.
  • the inner layer and the outer layer are based in particular on HTV (hot cross-linked) silicone rubber such as, in particular, solid and liquid silicone rubber, HD-PE, MD-PE, LLD-PE, LD-PE, polyolefin elastomer, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene acrylate copolymers, copolyesters, Copolyether or polypropylene or in particular polyvinyl chloride.
  • HTV hot cross-linked silicone rubber
  • the outer layer preferably has at least one filler with a degree of filling of 10% to 90% by weight.
  • the outer layer has at least one filler from the group of the following fillers: amorphous or cryptocrystalline silica, lamellar kaolinite, uncoated or silane-coated Neucaul silica, coated or uncoated calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate hydrate, coated or uncoated nephenyl syenite. This enables in particular cost-effective production and a clearer distinction of the outer layer from the inner layer.
  • the outer layer has at least one halogen-free or halogenated flame retardant as an additive. This reduces the risk of fire.
  • the outer layer and the inner layer are firmly connected to one another.
  • the outer layer and the inner layer are designed to be separable from one another. Due to the fact that the insulation layer is divided into two separable sub-layers, it is easier to recognize an incision that is too strong, since in this case the outer layer is completely severed and can thus be detached from the inner layer on its own or more easily.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section through a line 1 according to the invention.
  • Line 1 is designed as a single-core, shielded, coaxially constructed electrical line 1.
  • the line 1 has in particular a total diameter D3 of 4.0 to 27.0 mm.
  • the line 1 comprises an electrical conductor 3, which is centrally surrounded by an electrical insulation layer 4, and an electrical shield 5 arranged on the circumference of the electrical insulation layer 4 and an electrically insulating sheath layer 7 surrounding the electrical shield 5.
  • the electrical conductor 3 consists of a Single wire or several twisted single wires.
  • the material of the electrical conductor 3 is either copper or aluminum.
  • the conductor 3 made of copper preferably has a conductor diameter D1 of 1.6 to 18.0 mm and the conductor 3 made of aluminum has a conductor diameter D1 of 4.5 to 19.0 mm.
  • the electrical resistance of the conductor 3 made of copper is 0.1 ⁇ / km to 13 ⁇ / km.
  • the electrical resistance of the conductor 3 made of aluminum is 0.15 ⁇ / km to 3.5 ⁇ / km.
  • the concentricity factor of the insulation layer 4 and the cladding layer 7 is in particular greater than 45%.
  • the concentricity factor in% is calculated as the minimum wall thickness divided by the maximum wall thickness times 100.
  • the electrical insulation layer 4 has at least two concentric partial layers, namely at least one radially inner layer 4a and at least one radially outer layer 4b.
  • the inner layer 4a and the outer layer 4b can either be firmly connected to one another or be separable.
  • the inner layer 4a and the outer layer 4b are produced with the usual production processes of extrusion in one operation (co-extrusion) or in different operations.
  • the outer layer 4b and the inner layer 4a are firmly connected to one another, in particular in the case of production in one operation by means of co-extrusion.
  • the outer layer 4b and the inner layer 4a are designed to be separable from one another, in particular when produced in two separate extrusion processes.
  • the inner layer and the outer layer are preferably based on HTV silicone rubber such as, in particular, solid and liquid silicone rubber, HD-PE, MD-PE, LLD-PE, LD-PE, POE, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene acrylate copolymers, copolyesters, copolyethers or polypropylene or in particular Made of polyvinyl chloride.
  • HTV silicone rubber such as, in particular, solid and liquid silicone rubber, HD-PE, MD-PE, LLD-PE, LD-PE, POE, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene acrylate copolymers, copolyesters, copolyethers or polypropylene or in particular Made of polyvinyl chloride.
  • the outer layer has at least one filler with a degree of filling of 10% to 90% by weight.
  • the outer layer has at least one filler from the group of the following fillers: amorphous or cryptocrystalline silica, lamellar kaolinite, uncoated or silane-coated Neucaul silica, coated or uncoated calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate hydrate.
  • the outer layer 4b advantageously has at least one halogen-free or halogenated flame retardant as an additive.
  • the wall thickness of the outer layer 4b is dimensioned as a function of a deviation in the centricity of the line structure of the line 1 such that it is greater than / equal to the depth of penetration of the knife tool when the outer layer 7 is stripped and the shielding into the inner layer 4a.
  • the wall thickness of the outer layer 4b is preferably 50% to 25% of the total wall thickness S of the electrical insulation layer 4th
  • the inner layer 4a has at least one wall thickness Si which is suitable for a respective dielectric strength for a given electrical one
  • the wall thickness Si of the inner layer 4a is preferably 50% to 75% of the total wall thickness S of the electrical Insulation layer 4.
  • the ratio of the wall thickness Si of the inner layer 4a to the wall thickness Sa of the outer layer 4b is one to three.
  • the material density of the outer layer 4b is in particular greater than the material density of the inner layer 4a.
  • the material density of the inner layer is in particular 1.1 g / cm 3 to 1.3 g / cm 3 , preferably 1.2 g / cm 3 .
  • the material density of the outer layer is 1.7 g / cm 3 to 2.2 g / cm 3 , preferably 1.8 g / cm 3 .
  • a line 1 is listed in a row in a table.
  • This is a line 1 with an electrical conductor 3 made of copper. All dimensions in mm.
  • Si / Sa is the ratio of the wall thickness Si of the inner layer 4a to the wall thickness Sa of the outer layer 4b.
  • D1 D2 D3 Si Sat Si / Sa 1.6 2.30 4.0 0.25 0.13 1.92 3.0 4.10 6.5 0.35 0.20 1.75 6.1 7.60 11.0 0.55 0.20 2.75 6.8 9.40 13.4 0.65 0.65 1.00 13.2 16.50 20.7 0.95 0.70 1.36 18.0 22.00 27.0 1.30 0.70 1.86

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  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine einadrige geschirmte koaxial aufgebaute elektrische Leitung, umfassend einen elektrischen Leiter, der von einer elektrischen Isolierungsschicht zentrisch umschlossen ist, und eine am Umfang der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht angeordnete elektrische Abschirmung sowie eine die elektrische Abschirmung umschließende elektrisch isolierende Mantelschicht, wobei die elektrische Isolierungsschicht mindestens zwei konzentrische Teilschichten, und zwar mindestens eine radial innen liegende Innenschicht und mindestens eine radial außen liegende Außenschicht aufweist, und die Innenschicht mindestens eine Wanddicke aufweist, die für eine jeweilige elektrische Durchschlagsfestigkeit bei einer gegebenen elektrischen Betriebsspannung ausgelegt ist.The invention relates to a single-core, shielded, coaxially constructed electrical line, comprising an electrical conductor which is centrally surrounded by an electrical insulation layer, and an electrical shield arranged on the circumference of the electrical insulation layer, and an electrically insulating sheath layer surrounding the electrical shield, the electrical insulation layer at least has two concentric sublayers, namely at least one radially inner inner layer and at least one radially outer outer layer, and the inner layer has at least one wall thickness which is designed for a respective dielectric strength at a given electrical operating voltage.

Derartige Leitungen werden insbesondere bei handelsüblichen Antennenleitungen als so genannte Koaxialleitungen verwendet. Zudem besteht ein Bedarf für derartige Leitungen auch bei elektrisch angetriebenen Fahrzeugen. In elektrisch angetriebenen Fahrzeugen werden derartige Leitungen insbesondere mit Nennspannungen größer 30 Volt AC und 60 Volt DC betrieben.Such lines are used in particular in commercially available antenna lines as so-called coaxial lines. There is also a need for such lines in electrically powered vehicles. In electrically powered vehicles, such lines are operated in particular with nominal voltages greater than 30 volts AC and 60 volts DC.

Aus der EP 0 893 801 A1 ist ein mehrfach beschichteter elektrischer Leiter der eingangs genannten Art bekannt, wobei mindestens eine Beschichtungsschicht aus einem wiederverwertbaren und halogenfreien Material besteht.From the EP 0 893 801 A1 a multiply coated electrical conductor of the type mentioned is known, at least one coating layer consisting of a recyclable and halogen-free material.

Aus der US 3,852,518 ist ein 600 Volt starkes unterirdisches Strom- und Serviceeingangskabel bekannt. Dieses Kabel weist einen Leiterkern auf, welcher von einer inneren Schicht aus Polyethylen umhüllt ist, welche selbst von einer ebenfalls aus Polyethylen bestehenden zweiten Schicht bedeckt ist. Hierbei weist die innere Schicht eine niedrige Dichte und die zweite Schicht eine hohe Dichte auf. Die Isolierungsschicht der Leitung wird vorzugsweise durch ein Extrusionsverfahren hergestellt. Die Abschirmung kann insbesondere aus einem Abschirmgeflecht oder aus einer Kombination aus Abschirmgeflecht und einer weiteren Abschirmmaßnahme wie zum Beispiel einer metallisierten Folie bestehen. Bei der Verwendung in elektrischen Fahrzeugen besteht insbesondere für einadrige geschirmte koaxial aufgebaute Leitungen ein Bedarf an Leiterquerschnitten von 1,5 mm2 bis 160 mm2.From the US 3,852,518 a 600 volt underground power and service input cable is known. This cable has a conductor core which is covered by an inner layer made of polyethylene, which itself is covered by a second layer also made of polyethylene. The inner layer has a low density and the second layer has a high density. The insulation layer of the line is preferably produced by an extrusion process. The shielding can in particular consist of a shielding braid or a combination of shielding braid and a further shielding measure such as a metallized film. When used in electric vehicles, there is a need for conductor cross sections of 1.5 mm 2 to 160 mm 2 , in particular for single-core shielded coaxially constructed lines.

Um die koaxialen elektrischen Leitungen mit anderen elektrischen Komponenten eines Fahrzeugbordnetzes zu verbinden, werden diese im Rahmen der Weiterverarbeitung an geschirmte Steckverbinder angeschlossen. Dazu werden die vollständigen elektrischen Leitungen auf vorgegebene Längen geschnitten, wobei der Außenmantel und die Isolierungsschicht auf Vorgabelängen entfernt werden müssen. Dabei muss die Abschirmung ebenfalls auf konkrete Längen nach kundenspezifischen und engtolerierten Vorgaben geschnitten werden. Aufgrund des koaxialen Aufbaus und der geforderten Maßhaltigkeit werden vorzugsweise rotierende Messerwerkzeuge verwendet. Die Schnitttiefe der Messerwerkzeuge kann dabei durch elektronische Steuerung engstufig in Abhängigkeit der einsatzspezifischen Anforderungen eingestellt werden. Allerdings ergeben sich bei der Herstellung der Leitung herstellungsprozessbedingte Toleranzen, insbesondere bezüglich der Wanddicke und der Konzentrizität der Isolierungsschicht. Dadurch entsteht eine potenzielle Gefahr des Einschneidens in die Isolierungsschicht beim Durchtrennen der Abschirmung. Bei einem automatischen Verarbeitungsprozess der Leitung entsteht ein erhöhter Ausschussanteil. Um das Risiko des Einschneidens zu minimieren, wird in der Regel eine aufwändige fortlaufende und manuelle Nachjustierung der Messerschnitttiefen der Messerwerkzeuge durchgeführt.In order to connect the coaxial electrical lines to other electrical components of a vehicle electrical system, they are connected to shielded connectors as part of the further processing. For this purpose, the complete electrical lines are cut to specified lengths, the outer sheath and the insulation layer having to be removed at the specified lengths. The shielding must also be cut to specific lengths according to customer-specific and tight-tolerance specifications. Due to the coaxial structure and the required dimensional accuracy, rotating knife tools are preferably used. The cutting depth of the knife tools can be adjusted by electronic control depending on the application-specific requirements. However, there are tolerances due to the manufacturing process during the manufacture of the line, in particular with regard to the wall thickness and the concentricity of the insulation layer. This creates a potential risk of cutting into the insulation layer when severing the shield. In the case of an automatic processing process for the line, there is an increased proportion of rejects. In order to minimize the risk of cutting, an expensive, continuous and manual readjustment of the knife cutting depth of the knife tools is usually carried out.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine einadrige geschirmte koaxial aufgebaute elektrische Leitung zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei der ein automatischer Verarbeitungsprozess verbessert und der Ausschussanteil bei der Verarbeitung der Leitung reduziert wird.The object of the invention is to provide a single-core, shielded, coaxially constructed electrical line in which an automatic processing process is improved and the proportion of rejects in the processing of the line is reduced.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß beträgt das Verhältnis der Wanddicke der Innenschicht zu der Wanddicke der Außenschicht eins bis drei, wobei die Wanddicke der Außenschicht in Abhängigkeit von einer Zentrizitätsabweichung des Leitungsaufbaus derart bemessen ist, dass sie größer/gleich einer Eindringtiefe eines Messerwerkzeuges beim Abmanteln der Mantelschicht und der Abschirmung in die Innenschicht ist. Die Materialdichte der Innenschicht (4a) beträgt 0,85 g/cm3 bis 1,3 g/cm3 ,und Materialdichte der Außenschicht ist größer als die Materialdichte der Innenschicht ausgebildet. Beim Verarbeitungsprozess bildet die Außenschicht eine Einschnitthilfe. Bei einem Einschneiden der Messerwerkzeuge erfolgt der Einschnitt lediglich in die Außenschicht, und die Innenschicht bleibt unbeschädigt. Zudem ermöglicht dies eine optimierte Wanddicke der Außenschicht für die in elektrischen Fahrzeugen üblicherweise verwendeten Leiterquerschnitte.The object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. According to the invention, the ratio of the wall thickness of the inner layer to the wall thickness of the outer layer is one to three, the wall thickness of the outer layer being dimensioned as a function of a deviation in the centricity of the line structure in such a way that it is greater than / equal to a penetration depth of a knife tool when stripping the sheath layer and the shielding in the inner layer is. The material density of the inner layer (4a) is 0.85 g / cm 3 to 1.3 g / cm 3 , and the material density of the outer layer is greater than the material density of the inner layer. During the processing process, the outer layer forms an incision aid. When the knife tools are cut, the cut is only made in the outer layer and the inner layer remains undamaged. In addition, this enables an optimized wall thickness of the outer layer for the conductor cross-sections commonly used in electric vehicles.

Zudem hat die Automobilindustrie insbesondere die Spezifikation LV 216-2, Entwurfsstand vom Dezember 2015, für elektrische abgeschirmte Leitungen definiert, in der bestimmte Anforderungen an einadrige abgeschirmte koaxial aufgebaute elektrische Leitungen insbesondere zur Standardisierung der Leitungsgrößen und damit auch der Steckverbinder spezifiziert sind. Die erfindungsgemäße Leitung hat den Vorteil, dass die Anforderungen der LV 216-2 weiter erfüllt werden können und insbesondere die erfindungsgemäßen Leitungen mit den bereits existierenden Steckverbindern für den Einsatz in elektrischen Fahrzeugen verwendet werden können.In addition, the automotive industry has in particular defined the specification LV 216-2, as of December 2015, for electrical shielded cables, which specifies certain requirements for single-core shielded coaxial electrical cables, in particular for standardizing the cable sizes and thus also the connectors. The cable according to the invention has the advantage that the requirements of LV 216-2 can be met further and in particular the cables according to the invention can be used with the already existing plug connectors for use in electric vehicles.

Vorteilhafterweise beträgt für einen Durchmesser der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht von 2,3 bis 22 mm und einer Gesamtwanddicke der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht von 0,38 bis 2,0 mm die Wanddicke der Innenschicht 50% bis 75% der Gesamtwanddicke der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht. Dies stellt eine ausreichende Durchschlagsfestigkeit für die bei elektrischen Fahrzeugen üblichen Nennspannungen und für die üblicherweise verwendeten Leiterquerschnitte allein durch die Innenschicht sicher.For a diameter of the electrical insulation layer of 2.3 to 22 mm and a total wall thickness of the electrical insulation layer of 0.38 to 2.0 mm, the wall thickness of the inner layer is advantageously 50% to 75% of the total wall thickness of the electrical insulation layer. This ensures sufficient dielectric strength for the nominal voltages customary in electric vehicles and for the conductor cross-sections usually used through the inner layer alone.

Insbesondere beträgt für einen Durchmesser der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht von 2,3 bis 22 mm und einer Gesamtwanddicke der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht von 0,38 bis 2,0 mm die Wanddicke der Außenschicht 50% bis 25% der Gesamtwanddicke der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht. Dies vermeidet für bei elektrischen Fahrzeugen übliche Leiterquerschnitte ein Einschneiden der Messerwerkzeuge in die Innenschicht. Zudem wird bei einem zu starken Einschneiden die Außenschicht vollständig durchtrennt und somit ein zu starkes Einschneiden erkannt.In particular, for a diameter of the electrical insulation layer of 2.3 to 22 mm and a total wall thickness of the electrical insulation layer of 0.38 to 2.0 mm, the wall thickness of the outer layer is 50% to 25% of the total wall thickness of the electrical insulation layer. This avoids cutting the knife tools into the inner layer for conductor cross-sections common in electric vehicles. In addition, if the incision is too severe, the outer layer is completely severed and an incision that is too severe is recognized.

In einer bevorzugen Ausführungsform beträgt die Materialdichte der Innenschicht 1,2 g/cm3. Dies ermöglicht eine ausreichende Stabilität der Innenschicht bei gleichzeitiger ausreichender Flexibilität der Leitung.In a preferred embodiment, the material density of the inner layer is 1.2 g / cm 3 . This enables the inner layer to be sufficiently stable while at the same time providing sufficient line flexibility.

In einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform beträgt die Materialdichte der Außenschicht 1,5 g/cm3 bis 2,2 g/cm3, vorzugsweise 1,8 g/cm3. Dies ermöglicht eine ausreichende Stabilität der Außenschicht bei gleichzeitiger ausreichender Flexibilität der Leitung.In a further preferred embodiment, the material density of the outer layer is 1.5 g / cm 3 to 2.2 g / cm 3 , preferably 1.8 g / cm 3 . This enables the outer layer to be sufficiently stable while at the same time providing sufficient line flexibility.

Die Innenschicht und die Außenschicht sind insbesondere auf Basis von HTV (heißvernetzten)-Silikonkautschuk wie insbesondere Fest- und Flüssigsilikonkautschuk, HD-PE, MD-PE, LLD-PE, LD-PE, Polyolefin-Elastomer, Ethylenvinylacetat, Ethylenacrylat copolymers, Copolyester, Copolyether oder Polypropylen oder insbesondere Polyvinylchlorid hergestellt.The inner layer and the outer layer are based in particular on HTV (hot cross-linked) silicone rubber such as, in particular, solid and liquid silicone rubber, HD-PE, MD-PE, LLD-PE, LD-PE, polyolefin elastomer, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene acrylate copolymers, copolyesters, Copolyether or polypropylene or in particular polyvinyl chloride.

Vorzugsweise weist die Außenschicht mindestens einen Füllstoff mit einem Füllgrad von 10% bis 90% Gew% auf. Dabei weist die Außenschicht mindestens einen Füllstoff aus der Gruppe der folgenden Füllstoffe auf: amorphe oder kryptokristalline Kieselsäure, lamellares Kaolinit, unbeschichtete oder Silan-beschichtete Neuenburger Kieselerde, beschichtetes oder unbeschichtetes Calciumcarbonat, Magnesiumsilikathydrat, beschichtetes oder unbeschichtetes Nephenylsyenit. Dies ermöglicht insbesondere eine kostengünstige Herstellung und eine klarere Unterscheidung der Außenschicht von der Innenschicht.The outer layer preferably has at least one filler with a degree of filling of 10% to 90% by weight. The outer layer has at least one filler from the group of the following fillers: amorphous or cryptocrystalline silica, lamellar kaolinite, uncoated or silane-coated Neuchâtel silica, coated or uncoated calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate hydrate, coated or uncoated nephenyl syenite. This enables in particular cost-effective production and a clearer distinction of the outer layer from the inner layer.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist die Außenschicht mindestens ein halogenfreies oder halogeniertes Flammschutzmittel als Zusatzstoff auf. Dies vermindert die Brandgefahr.In a further embodiment, the outer layer has at least one halogen-free or halogenated flame retardant as an additive. This reduces the risk of fire.

In einer weiteren Ausbildung sind die Außenschicht und die Innenschicht fest miteinander verbunden. Dies ermöglicht eine schnelle und kostengünstige Herstellung mittels eines Co-Extrusionsverfahrens. Alternativ dazu sind die Außenschicht und die Innenschicht trennbar voneinander ausgebildet. Dadurch dass die Isolierungsschicht in zwei trennbare Teilschichten aufgeteilt wird, kann ein zu starkes Einschneiden leichter erkannt werden, da in diesem Fall die Außenschicht voll durchtrennt ist und sie sich somit von der Innenschicht von selbst löst oder leichter lösen lässt.In a further embodiment, the outer layer and the inner layer are firmly connected to one another. This enables fast and inexpensive production by means of a co-extrusion process. Alternatively, the outer layer and the inner layer are designed to be separable from one another. Due to the fact that the insulation layer is divided into two separable sub-layers, it is easier to recognize an incision that is too strong, since in this case the outer layer is completely severed and can thus be detached from the inner layer on its own or more easily.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Figurenbeschreibung und den abhängigen Unteransprüchen. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße einadrige geschirmte koaxial aufgebaute elektrische Leitung.
Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the following description of the figures and the dependent subclaims. It shows:
Fig. 1
a cross section through a single-core shielded coaxially constructed electrical line.

In den verschiedenen Figuren der Zeichnung sind gleiche Teile stets mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.In the different figures of the drawing, the same parts are always provided with the same reference symbols.

Zu der anschließenden Beschreibung wird beansprucht, dass die Erfindung nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele und dabei nicht auf alle oder mehrere Merkmale von beschriebenen Merkmalskombinationen beschränkt ist, vielmehr ist jedes einzelne Teilmerkmal des/jedes Ausführungsbeispiels auch losgelöst von allen anderen im Zusammenhang damit beschriebenen Teilmerkmalen für sich und auch in Kombination mit beliebigen Merkmalen eines anderen Ausführungsbeispiels von Bedeutung für den Gegenstand der Erfindung.In the following description, it is claimed that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and not to all or more features of the described combinations of features, but rather each individual partial feature of the / each exemplary embodiment is also detached from all other partial features described in connection with it and also in combination with any features of another embodiment of importance for the subject of the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Leitung 1. Die Leitung 1 ist als eine einadrige geschirmte koaxial aufgebaute elektrische Leitung 1 ausgebildet. Die Leitung 1 weist insbesondere einen Gesamtdurchmesser D3 von 4,0 bis 27,0 mm auf. Die Leitung 1 umfasst einen elektrischen Leiter 3, der von einer elektrischen Isolierungsschicht 4 zentrisch umschlossen ist, und eine am Umfang der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht 4 angeordnete elektrische Abschirmung 5 sowie eine die elektrische Abschirmung 5 umschließende elektrisch isolierende Mantelschicht 7. Der elektrische Leiter 3 besteht aus einem Einzeldraht oder mehreren verdrillten Einzeldrähten. Das Material des elektrischen Leiters 3 ist entweder Kupfer oder Aluminium. Vorzugsweise weist der Leiter 3 aus Kupfer einen Leiterdurchmesser D1 von 1,6 bis 18,0 mm und der Leiter 3 aus Aluminium einen Leiterdurchmesser D1 von 4,5 bis 19,0 mm auf. Der elektrische Widerstand des Leiters 3 aus Kupfer beträgt 0,1 Ω/km bis 13 Ω/km. Der elektrische Widerstand des Leiters 3 aus Aluminium beträgt 0,15 Ω/km bis 3,5 Ω/km. Der Konzentrizitätsfaktor der Isolierungsschicht 4 und der Mantelschicht 7 ist insbesondere größer als 45%. Dabei berechnet sich der Konzentrizitätsfaktor in % als minimale Wanddicke geteilt durch maximalen Wanddicke mal 100. Figure 1 shows a cross section through a line 1 according to the invention. Line 1 is designed as a single-core, shielded, coaxially constructed electrical line 1. The line 1 has in particular a total diameter D3 of 4.0 to 27.0 mm. The line 1 comprises an electrical conductor 3, which is centrally surrounded by an electrical insulation layer 4, and an electrical shield 5 arranged on the circumference of the electrical insulation layer 4 and an electrically insulating sheath layer 7 surrounding the electrical shield 5. The electrical conductor 3 consists of a Single wire or several twisted single wires. The material of the electrical conductor 3 is either copper or aluminum. The conductor 3 made of copper preferably has a conductor diameter D1 of 1.6 to 18.0 mm and the conductor 3 made of aluminum has a conductor diameter D1 of 4.5 to 19.0 mm. The electrical resistance of the conductor 3 made of copper is 0.1 Ω / km to 13 Ω / km. The electrical resistance of the conductor 3 made of aluminum is 0.15 Ω / km to 3.5 Ω / km. The concentricity factor of the insulation layer 4 and the cladding layer 7 is in particular greater than 45%. The concentricity factor in% is calculated as the minimum wall thickness divided by the maximum wall thickness times 100.

Die elektrische Isolierungsschicht 4 weist mindestens zwei konzentrische Teilschichten, und zwar mindestens eine radial innen liegende Innenschicht 4a und mindestens eine radial außen liegende Außenschicht 4b auf. Die Innenschicht 4a und die Außenschicht 4b können sowohl fest miteinander verbunden, als auch trennbar sein. Die Innenschicht 4a und die Außenschicht 4b werden mit den üblichen Herstellungsprozessen der Extrusion in einem Arbeitsgang (Co-Extrusion) oder in unterschiedlichen Arbeitsgängen hergestellt. Insbesondere bei der Herstellung in einem Arbeitsgang mittels Co-Extrusion sind die Außenschicht 4b und die Innenschicht 4a fest miteinander verbunden. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform sind insbesondere bei einer Herstellung in zwei getrennten Extrusionsverfahren die Außenschicht 4b und die Innenschicht 4a voneinander trennbar ausgebildet.The electrical insulation layer 4 has at least two concentric partial layers, namely at least one radially inner layer 4a and at least one radially outer layer 4b. The inner layer 4a and the outer layer 4b can either be firmly connected to one another or be separable. The inner layer 4a and the outer layer 4b are produced with the usual production processes of extrusion in one operation (co-extrusion) or in different operations. The outer layer 4b and the inner layer 4a are firmly connected to one another, in particular in the case of production in one operation by means of co-extrusion. In an alternative embodiment, the outer layer 4b and the inner layer 4a are designed to be separable from one another, in particular when produced in two separate extrusion processes.

Die Innenschicht und die Außenschicht sind vorzugsweise auf Basis von HTV-Silikonkautschuk wie insbesondere Fest- und Flüssigsilikonkautschuk, HD-PE, MD-PE, LLD-PE, LD-PE, POE, Ethylenvinylacetat, Ethylenacrylat copolymers, Copolyester, Copolyether oder Polypropylen oder insbesondere Polyvinylchlorid hergestellt. Dies ermöglicht eine elektrische Isolierungsfunktion durch Innenschicht 4a und Außenschicht 4b.The inner layer and the outer layer are preferably based on HTV silicone rubber such as, in particular, solid and liquid silicone rubber, HD-PE, MD-PE, LLD-PE, LD-PE, POE, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene acrylate copolymers, copolyesters, copolyethers or polypropylene or in particular Made of polyvinyl chloride. This enables an electrical insulation function through the inner layer 4a and outer layer 4b.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist die Außenschicht mindestens einen Füllstoff mit einem Füllgrad von 10% bis 90% Gew% auf. Insbesondere weist die Außenschicht mindestens einen Füllstoff aus der Gruppe der folgenden Füllstoffe auf: amorphe oder kryptokristalline Kieselsäure, lamellares Kaolinit, unbeschichtete oder Silan-beschichtete Neuenburger Kieselerde, beschichtetes oder unbeschichtetes Calciumcarbonat, Magnesiumsilikathydrat. Dadurch werden insbesondere die mechanischen Eigenschaften wie zum Beispiel Kerbfestigkeit und Weiterreißfestigkeit der Außenschicht 4b reduziert, ohne jedoch die Isolierungsfunktion ausschlaggebend zu reduzieren.In an advantageous embodiment, the outer layer has at least one filler with a degree of filling of 10% to 90% by weight. In particular, the outer layer has at least one filler from the group of the following fillers: amorphous or cryptocrystalline silica, lamellar kaolinite, uncoated or silane-coated Neuchâtel silica, coated or uncoated calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate hydrate. As a result, in particular the mechanical properties, such as, for example, notch resistance and tear propagation resistance of the outer layer 4b, are reduced without, however, decisively reducing the insulation function.

Vorteilhafterweise weist die Außenschicht 4b mindestens ein halogenfreies oder halogeniertes Flammschutzmittel als Zusatzstoff auf.The outer layer 4b advantageously has at least one halogen-free or halogenated flame retardant as an additive.

Die Wanddicke der Außenschicht 4b ist in Abhängigkeit von einer Zentrizitätsabweichung des Leitungsaufbaus der Leitung 1 derart bemessen, dass sie größer/gleich der Eindringtiefe des Messerwerkzeuges beim Abmanteln der Mantelschicht 7 und der Abschirmung in die Innenschicht 4a ist. Vorzugsweise beträgt für einen Durchmesser D2 der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht 4 von 2,3 bis 22 mm und einer Gesamtwanddicke S der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht 4 von 0,38 bis 2,0 mm die Wanddicke der Außenschicht 4b 50% bis 25% der Gesamtwanddicke S der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht 4.The wall thickness of the outer layer 4b is dimensioned as a function of a deviation in the centricity of the line structure of the line 1 such that it is greater than / equal to the depth of penetration of the knife tool when the outer layer 7 is stripped and the shielding into the inner layer 4a. For a diameter D2 of the electrical insulation layer 4 of 2.3 to 22 mm and a total wall thickness S of the electrical insulation layer 4 of 0.38 to 2.0 mm, the wall thickness of the outer layer 4b is preferably 50% to 25% of the total wall thickness S of the electrical insulation layer 4th

Die Innenschicht 4a weist mindestens eine Wanddicke Si auf, die für eine jeweilige elektrische Durchschlagsfestigkeit bei einer gegebenen elektrischenThe inner layer 4a has at least one wall thickness Si which is suitable for a respective dielectric strength for a given electrical one

Betriebsspannung ausgelegt ist. Vorzugsweise beträgt für einen Durchmesser D2 der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht 4 von 2,3 bis 22 mm und einer Gesamtwanddicke S der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht 4 von 0,38 bis 2,0 mm die Wanddicke Si der Innenschicht 4a 50% bis 75% der Gesamtwanddicke S der elektrischen Isolierungsschicht 4.Operating voltage is designed. For a diameter D2 of the electrical insulation layer 4 of 2.3 to 22 mm and a total wall thickness S of the electrical insulation layer 4 of 0.38 to 2.0 mm, the wall thickness Si of the inner layer 4a is preferably 50% to 75% of the total wall thickness S of the electrical Insulation layer 4.

Das Verhältnis der Wanddicke Si der Innenschicht 4a zu der Wanddicke Sa der Außenschicht 4b beträgt erfindungsgemäß eins bis drei.According to the invention, the ratio of the wall thickness Si of the inner layer 4a to the wall thickness Sa of the outer layer 4b is one to three.

Die Materialdichte der Außenschicht 4b ist insbesondere größer als die Materialdichte der Innenschicht 4a ausgebildet. Dabei beträgt die Materialdichte der Innenschicht insbesondere 1,1 g/cm3 bis 1,3 g/cm3, vorzugsweise 1,2 g/cm3. Insbesondere beträgt die Materialdichte der Außenschicht 1,7 g/cm3 bis 2,2 g/cm3, vorzugsweise 1,8 g/cm3.The material density of the outer layer 4b is in particular greater than the material density of the inner layer 4a. The material density of the inner layer is in particular 1.1 g / cm 3 to 1.3 g / cm 3 , preferably 1.2 g / cm 3 . In particular, the material density of the outer layer is 1.7 g / cm 3 to 2.2 g / cm 3 , preferably 1.8 g / cm 3 .

Im Folgenden sind einige beispielhafte Ausführungsformen einer erfindungsgemäßen Leitung 1 tabellarisch jeweils in einer Zeile aufgeführt. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine Leitung 1 mit elektrischem Leiter 3 aus Kupfer. Alle Angaben in mm. Si / Sa ist das Verhältnis der Wanddicke Si der Innenschicht 4a zur Wanddicke Sa der Außenschicht 4b. D1 D2 D3 Si Sa Si/Sa 1,6 2,30 4,0 0,25 0,13 1,92 3,0 4,10 6,5 0,35 0,20 1,75 6,1 7,60 11,0 0,55 0,20 2,75 6,8 9,40 13,4 0,65 0,65 1,00 13,2 16,50 20,7 0,95 0,70 1,36 18,0 22,00 27,0 1,30 0,70 1,86 In the following, some exemplary embodiments of a line 1 according to the invention are listed in a row in a table. This is a line 1 with an electrical conductor 3 made of copper. All dimensions in mm. Si / Sa is the ratio of the wall thickness Si of the inner layer 4a to the wall thickness Sa of the outer layer 4b. D1 D2 D3 Si Sat Si / Sa 1.6 2.30 4.0 0.25 0.13 1.92 3.0 4.10 6.5 0.35 0.20 1.75 6.1 7.60 11.0 0.55 0.20 2.75 6.8 9.40 13.4 0.65 0.65 1.00 13.2 16.50 20.7 0.95 0.70 1.36 18.0 22.00 27.0 1.30 0.70 1.86

Bezugszeichenliste:Reference symbol list:

11
Leitungmanagement
33rd
elektrischer Leiterelectrical conductor
44th
IsolierungsschichtInsulation layer
4a4a
InnenschichtInner layer
4b4b
AußenschichtOuter layer
55
Abschirmungshielding
77
MantelschichtCladding layer
D1D1
LeitungsdurchmesserCable diameter
D2D2
Durchmesser IsolierungsschichtInsulation layer diameter
D3D3
Gesamtdurchmesser LeitungOverall diameter of the pipe
SS
Gesamtwanddicke IsolierungsschichtTotal wall insulation layer
SiSi
Wanddicke InnenschichtWall thick inner layer
SaSat
Wanddicke AußenschichtWall-thick outer layer

Claims (13)

  1. Single-core shielded electrical line (1) of coaxial construction, comprising an electrical conductor (3) centrally enclosed by an electrical insulation layer (4), and an electrical shield (5) arranged on the circumference of the electrical insulation layer (4), and electrically insulating sheath layer (7) enclosing the electrical shield (5), wherein the electrical insulation layer (4) has at least two concentric sublayers, specifically at least one inner layer (4a) situated radially on the inside and at least one outer layer (4b) situated radially on the outside, and the inner layer (4a) has at least a wall thickness (Si) which is designed for a respective electrical breakdown strength at a given electrical operating voltage,
    characterized in that
    a ratio (Si/Sa) of a wall thickness (Si) of the inner layer (4a) to a wall thickness (Sa) of the outer layer (4b) is one to three, such that the wall thickness (Sa) of the outer layer (4b) is dimensioned depending on a centricity deviation of the line construction of the line (1) in such a way that it is greater than/equal to a penetration depth of a blade tool into the inner layer (4a) during the process of stripping the sheath layer (7) and the shield (5), and the material density of the inner layer (4a) is 0.85 g/cm3 to 1.3 g/cm3, and the material density of the outer layer (4b) is configured to be greater than the material density of the inner layer (4a).
  2. Electrical line (1) according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    for a diameter (D2) of the electrical insulation layer (4) of 2.3 mm to 22 mm and a total wall thickness (S) of the electrical insulation layer (4) of 0.38 mm to 2.0 mm, the wall thickness (Si) of the inner layer (4a) is 50% to 75% of the total wall thickness (S) of the electrical insulation layer (4) .
  3. Electrical line (1) according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    for a diameter (D2) of the electrical insulation layer (4) of 2.3 mm to 22 mm and a total wall thickness (S) of the electrical insulation layer (4) of 0.38 mm to 2.0 mm, the wall thickness (Sa) of the outer layer (4b) is 50% to 25% of the total wall thickness (S) of the electrical insulation layer (4) .
  4. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the material density of the inner layer (4a) is 1.2 g/cm3.
  5. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the material density of the outer layer (4b) is 1.5 g/cm3 to 2.2 g/cm3, preferably 1.8 g/cm3.
  6. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the inner layer (4a) and the outer layer (4b) are produced on the basis of HTV silicone rubber such as, in particular, solid and liquid silicone rubber, HD-PE, MD-PE, LLD-PE, LD-PE, polyolefin elastomer, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene acrylate copolymers, copolyester, copolyether or polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride.
  7. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the outer layer (4b) comprises at least one filler with a degree of filling of 10% to 90% by weight.
  8. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the outer layer (4b) comprises at least one filler from the group of the following fillers: amorphous or cryptocrystalline silica, lamellar kaolinite, uncoated or silane-coated Neuburg siliceous earth, coated or uncoated calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate hydrate, coated or uncoated nephenyl syenite.
  9. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the outer layer (4b) comprises at least one halogen-free or halogenated flame retardant as additive.
  10. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the electrical conductor (3) consists of copper and has a conductor diameter (D1) of 1.6 to 18.0 mm.
  11. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the electrical conductor (3) consists of aluminium and has a conductor diameter (D1) of 4.5 to 19.0 mm.
  12. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that
    the outer layer (4b) and the inner layer (4a) are fixedly connected to one another.
  13. Electrical line (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that
    the outer layer (4b) and the inner layer (4a) are embodied as separable from one another.
EP17732042.1A 2016-06-08 2017-06-06 Coaxial electrical line for automatable processing processes Active EP3469603B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17732042T PL3469603T3 (en) 2016-06-08 2017-06-06 Coaxial electrical line for automatable processing processes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016110571.6A DE102016110571A1 (en) 2016-06-08 2016-06-08 "Coaxial electrical cable for automatable processing processes"
PCT/EP2017/063712 WO2017211828A1 (en) 2016-06-08 2017-06-06 Coaxial electrical line for automatable processing processes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3469603A1 EP3469603A1 (en) 2019-04-17
EP3469603B1 true EP3469603B1 (en) 2020-05-13

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3469603B1 (en)
DE (2) DE102016110571A1 (en)
PL (1) PL3469603T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3469603T (en)
WO (1) WO2017211828A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3852518A (en) * 1973-11-29 1974-12-03 Gen Cable Corp Irradiation cross-linked composite low density/high density polyethylene insulated 600 volt power cables
IT1293759B1 (en) * 1997-07-23 1999-03-10 Pirelli Cavi S P A Ora Pirelli CABLES WITH LOW RESIDUAL RECYCLABLE LINING
DE10037010A1 (en) * 2000-07-29 2002-02-07 Alcatel Sa Flexible electrical cable for drag chains
DE10242254A1 (en) * 2002-09-12 2004-03-25 Nexans Electrical cable for connecting movable electrical consumers
DE202011004949U1 (en) * 2011-04-06 2012-07-09 Coroplast Fritz Müller Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrical line for transmitting data signals

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102016110571A9 (en) 2018-03-15
WO2017211828A1 (en) 2017-12-14
PT3469603T (en) 2020-06-19
EP3469603A1 (en) 2019-04-17
PL3469603T3 (en) 2020-10-19
DE102016110571A1 (en) 2017-12-14
DE202017007246U1 (en) 2020-04-09

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