Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
  • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
  • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
  • F16H57/0413—Controlled cooling or heating of lubricant; Temperature control therefor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
  • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
  • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
  • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
  • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
  • F01P2060/045—Lubricant cooler for transmissions

Definitions

• the invention relates to a powertrain of a vehicle, including automotive.
• the invention applies in particular, but not limited to, a vehicle comprising a heat engine and a gearbox.
• the bodies constituting the gearbox of a vehicle are immersed in a viscous liquid, typically oil, so as to ensure optimum lubrication of these bodies during their movements relative to each other. other.
• a viscous liquid typically oil
• a low kinematic viscosity oil has a reduced resistance to high temperatures.
• the higher the temperature of this oil increases the lower its viscosity, which causes a decrease in its lubricating properties. This can eventually lead to malfunctions of the gearbox.
• a cooling circuit of the oil of a gearbox of a motor vehicle It is known, particularly from FR 2890430, a cooling circuit of the oil of a gearbox of a motor vehicle.
• This cooling circuit is connected to a pipe of the cooling circuit of the engine of the vehicle. It is therefore the heat transfer fluid circulating in the engine cooling circuit that allows the gearbox oil to be cooled.
• the engine cooling circuit further comprises a radiator for cooling the heat transfer fluid, and a thermostatic device ensuring the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the radiator only when the engine temperature exceeds a certain value.
• a distributor to force the flow of fluid to the cooling circuit.
• the present invention aims to overcome the above disadvantages of the prior art.
• the powertrain according to the invention comprises a heat engine, a gearbox, a thermal control system of the engine by a heat transfer fluid able to flow in a circuit of the thermal control system, this the latter further comprising a heat exchanger ensuring the heat exchange between the coolant and the outside air and a thermostatic device for controlling the flow of coolant in the heat exchanger that can move between an open position to ensure the circulation of fluid coolant in the heat exchanger and a closed position to prevent the circulation of heat transfer fluid in the heat exchanger, the powertrain further comprising a device for thermal regulation of the gearbox by the heat transfer fluid connected to the circuit of the control system thermal engine so that the coolant circulation in the thermal control device of the gearbox is provided when the thermostatic device is in the open position, the thermal control system of the engine comprising a thermostatic valve device housed in the circuit of the thermal control system of the engine and arranged to ensure the circulation permanent heat transfer fluid in this circuit, an output of the thermostatic valve device being connected to the input of the thermal control device of the gear
• the thermal control system of the engine comprises a heat transfer fluid outlet housing of the engine in which is housed the thermostatic device for controlling the flow of coolant in the heat exchanger and a first output is connected to one end of a heat transfer fluid circulation tube, the other end of this tube being connected to a pump included in the thermal control system of the engine and ensuring the circulation of the coolant in the circuit of the thermal regulation system of the motor.
• the thermal control device of the gearbox is connected in parallel to a pipe whose ends are respectively connected to the output of the first heat exchanger and to an inlet of the coolant outlet housing, the thermal control device of the gearbox being capable of receiving, at its inlet, the coolant coming from both the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the outlet of the thermostatic valve device when the valve of the thermostatic device and the thermostatic device for controlling the coolant flow rate are in the open position, the thermal control device further comprising a non-return valve disposed between the inlet of the thermal control device and the pipe to prevent the reflux of heat transfer fluid in the circuit of the thermal control system of the engine towards the housing inlet of the coolant outlet.
• a second pipe from the outlet of the second pipe of the thermostatic device forms with a third inlet pipe of the thermal control device connected to the pipe, an acute angle forcing the heat transfer fluid from the second conduit of the thermostatic device to flow entirely in the thermal control device without being flowed back to the pipe.
• the powertrain comprises a second heat exchanger housed in the passenger compartment of the vehicle and ensuring the exchange of heat between the coolant and the air in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the entrance and the output of this second heat exchanger being respectively connected to a second output of the heat transfer fluid outlet housing of the engine and to an inlet of the heat transfer fluid circulation tube through the thermostatic valve device.
• the thermostatic valve device comprises a first pipe whose inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger and to the inlet of the fluid circulation tube, and a second conduit in fluid communication by its input with the first conduit and whose output is connected to the input of the thermal control device of the gearbox, and in that the valve of the thermostatic device is housed in the interface between the first pipe and the second conduit of the latter and allows to close or open the outlet of the second pipe of the thermostatic device according to the temperature of the heat transfer fluid flowing in the first pipe.
• the thermostatic valve device comprises an electric actuator controlled by a vehicle computer, to allow electrical actuation of the valve of the thermostatic device implemented by a control law stored in a memory space of the computer according to the temperature of the heat transfer fluid flowing respectively in the first pipe and in the heat transfer fluid outlet housing.
• the thermal control device of the gearbox comprises a tubular coil whose input and output are connected to the circuit of the thermal control system of the engine, and a part of which is housed in the housing of the gearbox and immersed in the gearbox oil to allow a heat exchange between the gearbox oil and the heat transfer fluid circulating in the tubular coil.
• the gearbox is a manual gearbox.
• the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a powertrain as defined above.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a powertrain of the invention and its thermal control systems respectively of the engine and the gearbox according to the invention, and illustrating a first heat transfer fluid circulation mode
• FIG. 2 represents the powertrain of FIG. 1, and illustrating a second mode of circulation of the coolant
• FIG. 3 represents the powertrain of FIG. 1, and illustrating a third mode of circulation of the coolant
• FIG. 4 represents the powertrain of FIG. 1, and illustrating a fourth mode of circulation of the heat transfer fluid
• - Figure 5 shows a schematic view of the heat transfer fluid outlet housing of the engine when the heat transfer fluid does not circulate in a heat exchanger of the thermal control system of the engine;
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the heat transfer fluid outlet housing of the engine when the heat transfer fluid circulates in the heat exchanger of the thermal control system of the engine;
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a valve device in a position preventing the flow of fluid to the thermal control device of the gearbox
• - Figure 8 shows a schematic view of the valve device of Figure 7 in a position for the circulation of fluid to the thermal control device of the gearbox.
• the powertrain of the motor vehicle comprises a heat engine 1, connected to a gearbox 2 and for driving at least one set of wheels of the vehicle.
• the terms front and rear of the vehicle are defined with respect to the direction of travel of the vehicle adopting its cruising speed.
• the gearbox 2 is preferably manual.
• the powertrain comprises a thermal control system of the engine 1 by a coolant flowing in a circuit of the thermal control system, a portion of this circuit flowing through the engine 1 so that the coolant can regulate the engine temperature.
• the thermal regulation system also comprises a first heat exchanger 3 connected to the aforementioned circuit and intended to ensure the exchange of heat between the coolant and the outside air, and a hydraulic pump P ensuring the circulation of heat transfer fluid in the circuit, and ensuring a fluid flow all the more important that the engine speed is high.
• a hydraulic pump P ensuring the circulation of heat transfer fluid in the circuit, and ensuring a fluid flow all the more important that the engine speed is high.
• the term "radiator" will be used in the following description to define this heat exchanger 3.
• the thermal control system of the engine 1 also comprises a heat transfer fluid outlet housing 18 comprising a first inlet 19 opening into a chamber for collecting the coolant circulating out of the heat engine 1.
• the housing further comprises a first conduit 20, one end of which acts as a first heat transfer fluid outlet 21 of the housing 18.
• This first outlet 21 is connected to one end of a heat transfer fluid tube 14 external to the motor 1, the other end of the coolant circulation tube 14 being connected to the pump P.
• the chamber of the heat transfer fluid outlet housing 18 opens into a second conduit 22 of heat transfer fluid which opens into the first conduit 20 and is arranged to convey the heat transfer fluid leaving the chamber to the first outlet 21 of the housing 18.
• a second outlet 23 of the heat transfer fluid outlet housing 18 is connected to the inlet of a second heat exchanger A housed in the passenger compartment of the vehicle and intended to ensure the exchange of heat between the coolant and the heat transfer medium. air of the passenger compartment.
• the output of the second heat exchanger A is in turn connected to an inlet 17 of the heat transfer fluid circulation tube 14. As long as the pump P is in operating condition, the heat transfer fluid circulates continuously in the circuit.
• This second heat exchanger A will be named in the following description "heater”.
• a third outlet 24 of the coolant outlet housing is connected to the inlet 3 of the radiator 3 to allow the circulation of heat transfer fluid in the radiator 3.
• the heat transfer fluid outlet 3s of the radiator 3 is connected to at the other end 25 of the first conduit 21, so as to convey the heat transfer fluid from the radiator 3 to the first outlet 21 of the housing 18.
• the heat transfer fluid outlet housing 18 comprises a last output to the vehicle expansion tank (not shown). This expansion vessel, whose structure and function are well known to those skilled in the art, will not be described further here.
• the heat transfer fluid outlet housing 18 comprises a thermostatic device for controlling the flow of heat transfer fluid 4 in the radiator 3.
• This thermostatic device 4 housed in the chamber of the fluid outlet housing 18, comprises an integral shaft 26 perpendicularly of a fixed wall 27 of the chamber of the housing and a thermosensitive member 28 with two opposite valves 30, 31 sliding along the axis 26 between a position in which the first valve 30 closes the second conduit 22 and a position in which the second valve 31 closes the third outlet 24 to the radiator 3.
• the thermostatic device 4 comprises a stirrup 32 whose branches are integral with the wall 27 of the chamber of the housing and whose core 33 comprises a guiding orifice the sliding movement of the thermosensitive member 28.
• the thermosensitive member 28 with valves comprises a reservoir filled with a wax 29 in which an end of the axis 26 of the thermostatic device 18 is immersed.
• the wax 29 of the thermosensitive member 28 is solid and the second valve 31 closes the third outlet 24 of the coolant outlet housing 18.
• the coolant, circulated through the pump P flows in the engine 1 in a closed circuit, that is to say that it circulates in the motor at the pump outlet P, spring motor 1 to the chamber of the heat transfer fluid outlet housing 18, borrows the second outlet 23 of the housing 18 to the heater A and the second conduit 22 to the first outlet 21 of the housing 18 to be conveyed to the pump P via the fluid circulation tube 14.
• This circulating closed circuit allows t quickly warm up the engine 1 and the heat transfer fluid and, if necessary, ensure the heating of the passenger compartment by the air heater A.
• thermosensitive member 28 begins to melt and expand. This causes the displacement of the thermosensitive member 28 relative to the axis 26 of the thermostatic device 18 to an intermediate position of opening of the two valves 30, 31 (intermediate position of opening not shown). This movement is made against a return means 34, for example a spring whose ends bear respectively between the second valve 31 intended to close the third outlet 24 of the housing 18 and the core 33 of the stirrup 32. Under these conditions, the coolant can flow both to the second conduit 22 leading to the first outlet 21 of the housing 18 and to the radiator 3 via the third outlet 24 of the housing 18.
• a return means 34 for example a spring whose ends bear respectively between the second valve 31 intended to close the third outlet 24 of the housing 18 and the core 33 of the stirrup 32.
• the distribution of the heat transfer fluid to one or the other of the first 21 and third 24 outputs depends on the position of the thermosensitive member 28 with valves 30, 31. The higher the temperature of the coolant increases, the wax 29 liquefies and expands, and the thermosensitive member 28 slides toward the closure of the second conduit 22 by the first valve 30, promoting the circulation of heat transfer fluid to the radiator 3 and the cooling of this fluid. Once a temperature threshold T max has been reached or exceeded, T max being greater than T min , the first valve 30 completely closes the second conduit 22 and all the heat transfer fluid leaves the housing 18 to the radiator 3 and the heater A.
• the flow of heat transfer fluid directed in the housing 18 to the second conduit 22 and the first outlet 21 by the position then taken, when the temperature of the heat transfer fluid is less than T min , by the thermosensitive member 28, the valve 31 is then closed and the valve 30 is then open, is directed, when the temperature of the heat transfer fluid is greater than T max , to the third outlet 24 by the position then taken by the thermosensitive member 28 whose valve 30 is then closed and the valve 31 is then open.
• thermosensitive member 28 with valves 30, 31 can occupy a plurality of intermediate positions when the temperature of the heat transfer fluid is between T min and T max , positions in which the coolant flows at a time in the second conduit 22 to the outlet 21 of the housing 18 and in the third outlet 24 and the radiator 3, in a fluid flow distribution dependent on the temperature of the heat transfer fluid as described above.
• the powertrain also comprises a thermal control device 5 of the gearbox 2 by the heat transfer fluid.
• This thermal regulation device 5 preferably comprises a tubular coil in which the coolant can circulate. Part 6 of this coil 5 is housed in the casing of the gearbox 2 and immersed in the oil of the gearbox 2 to allow a heat exchange between the coolant circulating in the coil 5 and the oil of the gearbox.
• the portion of the coil 6 immersed in the oil of the gearbox 2 comprises a plurality of fins to increase the contact surface between the portion 6 of the tubular coil 5 housed in the housing of the gear box. speeds 2 and the gearbox oil 2 in order to improve the heat exchange between the coolant circulating in the coil 5 and the gearbox oil 2.
• the coil 5 is connected to the circuit of the thermal control system of the engine 1.
• the coil 5 is connected in parallel to a pipe 35, the ends of which are respectively connected to the outlet 3s of the radiator 3 and to the inlet end 25 of the first conduit 21 of the heat transfer fluid outlet housing 18. in this way, the coolant can both flow from the outlet 3s of the radiator 3 to the first conduit 21 of the heat transfer fluid outlet box 18, and from the outlet 3s of the radiator 3 to the inlet of the coil 5.
• the connection of the coil 5 to the pipe 35 is via a known heat transfer fluid distributor, not shown in FIGS.
• a non-return valve 36 is disposed between the inlet of the coil 5 and the pipe 35 to prevent any reflux of heat transfer fluid from the coil 5 to the pipe 35.
• the thermal control system of the engine 1 comprises a thermostatic device with movable valve 9 housed in the circuit of the thermal control system of the engine 1 and positioned between the heater A and the fluid circulation tube coolant 14, being also connected to the inlet of the tubular coil 5.
• the thermostatic device with movable valve 9 is intended to control the distribution of heat transfer fluid between the circuit of the thermal control system of the engine 1 and the tubular coil 5 in function the temperature of the coolant.
• the thermostatic device valve 9 consists of a block, and comprises a first conduit 15 whose inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the output of the heater A and the inlet port 17 of the heat transfer fluid circulation tube 14. This first pipe 15 remains open so that the circulation of heat transfer fluid from the heater A to the fluid circulation tube is always assured, as long as the pump P is running.
• the thermostatic valve device 9 further comprises a second pipe 16 in fluid communication with the first pipe 15 and whose output 9s is connected to the inlet of the tubular coil 5 downstream of the non-return valve 36 relative to in the direction of circulation of the coolant. In this way, the coolant coming from the outlet 9s of the second pipe 16 of the thermostatic valve device 9 does not discharge into the pipe 35.
• the pipe from the outlet 9s of the second pipe 16 of the thermostatic device 9 forms with the inlet pipe of the coil 5 connected to the pipe 35, an acute angle forcing the heat transfer fluid from the second pipe 16 of the thermostatic device 9 to circulate completely in the coil 5 without being discharged to the pipe 35.
• the valve of the thermostatic device 9 is housed at the interface between the first pipe 15 and the second pipe 16 of the latter and can move between a closed position closing the outlet 9s of the second pipe 16 of the thermostatic device 9 and a open position allowing the circulation of coolant from the outlet 9s to the inlet of the tubular coil 5.
• the open or closed position of the valve of the thermostatic device 9 depends on the temperature of the coolant, especially in the first conduit 15 of the thermostatic valve device 9.
• the thermostatic valve device 9 comprises a thermosensitive element 10, housed in the first pipe 15 being integral with the inner face of the first pipe 15, so that the thermosensitive element 10 is constantly subjected to a flow of heat transfer fluid.
• thermosensitive element 10 is implanted within the first pipe 15 upstream of a transverse inner annular wall 16a in the second pipe 16, relative to the circulation of the coolant from the first pipe 15 to the second pipe 16.
• the heat-sensitive element 10 is thus constantly subjected to a coolant flow rate and the reduction of the heat transfer fluid passage section through the first pipe 15 from the heater A to the inlet port 17 of the circulation tube of Heat transfer fluid 14, as well as the reduction of the heat transfer fluid passage section from the first pipe 15 to the second pipe 16 and its outlet 9s to the inlet of the coil 5 are minimized.
• the thermosensitive element 10 is thus irrigated by the heat transfer fluid of the circuit of the thermal control system of the heat engine 1 at the output of the heater A.
• the movable valve comprises a rod 1 1 coaxial with the second pipe 16 and is slidable in the thermosensitive element 10, one end of the rod 1 1 immersed in the thermosensitive element 10 and the other end of the rod 1 1 comprising a valve 12 for closing or opening the second pipe 16.
• the valve 12 depends on the position of the rod 1 1 in the thermosensitive element 10, which itself depends on the temperature of the heat transfer fluid from the air heater A.
• the valve 12 has the shape of a disc, integral with the end of the rod 1 1 of the movable valve and positioned coaxially with the rod 1 January.
• the heat-sensitive element 10 is filled with wax whose solid or liquid state changes as a function of the temperature of the coolant coming from the heater A.
• a return spring 13 of the disc-shaped valve 12 at its position of closing the second pipe 16 is housed in this second pipe 16 being mounted prestressed between the disk 12 and an inner annular shoulder of the second pipe 16.
• thermostatic valve device 9 The operation of the thermostatic valve device 9 will now be described.
• the rod 1 1 of the thermostatic valve device 9 housed in the first pipe 15 is movable relative to the thermosensitive element 10 according to the liquid or solid state of the wax contained within the thermosensitive element 10.
• T 0 is less than T min , which means, with reference to Figure 5, that the second valve 31 of the thermosensitive member to valves 28 of the thermostatic device 4 housed in the housing 18 closes the third outlet 24 of the coolant outlet housing 18.
• the heat transfer fluid circulates neither in the radiator 3 nor in the tubular coil 5, whether from the radiator 3 through the pipe 35 or from the output of the heater A by the second pipe 16 of the thermostatic valve device 9, to accelerate the temperature rise of the engine.
• the second valve 31 of the thermosensitive valve member 28 moves away from the third outlet 24 of the coolant outlet housing 18.
• the heat transfer fluid circulates within the housing 18 at a time towards the second conduit 22 leading at the first outlet 21 and to the radiator 3 via the third outlet 24 of the housing 18.
• the thermostatic valve device 9 occupies the same configuration as that detailed in FIG. 8. The cold heat transfer fluid coming from the radiator outlet 3s and the fluid hot from the outlet 9s of the thermostatic valve device 9 arrive at the inlet of the tubular coil 5 and runs through it. The mixture is nevertheless sufficiently cold to ensure the cooling of the gearbox 2.
• the thermostatic valve device 9 comprises an electric actuator 37 controlled by a vehicle computer and for actuating the valve of the thermostatic device 9.
• the actuation of this valve is implemented by a registered control law in a memory space of the computer, in particular according to the temperature of the coolant flowing respectively in the first pipe 15 and in the fluid outlet housing 18.
• a heater A in the first duct 15 is estimated from the rotational speed of the heat engine 1 and known input data of the function regulating the thermal comfort of the passenger compartment, such as the ambient ambient temperature, the speed of rotation of the engine.
• the air blower in the passenger compartment the position of the air distribution flaps through the air conditioning group of the vehicle (also called gr HVAC - Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning - by the person skilled in the art: outdoor air supply, total or partial recycling of the air in the passenger compartment, air inlet and outlet air temperatures. output of the air heater A and the set temperature of the air in the passenger compartment.
• the air conditioning group of the vehicle also called gr HVAC - Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning - by the person skilled in the art: outdoor air supply, total or partial recycling of the air in the passenger compartment, air inlet and outlet air temperatures. output of the air heater A and the set temperature of the air in the passenger compartment.
• the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the heater A and running through the first conduit 15 is such that the heat transfer fluid mixture, respectively from the outlet 3s of the radiator and the outlet 9s of the thermostatic valve device 9 and circulating in the coil tubular 5, no longer allows the cooling of the gearbox 2.
• the computer controls the electrical actuation of the valve of the thermostatic device 9 to close the second pipe 16 and prevent the arrival of heat transfer fluid from the outlet 9s of the thermostatic device valve 9 to the inlet of the tubular coil 5.
• the coolant circulating in the coil 5 then comes only from the outlet 3s of the radiator and is therefore cold enough to cool the gearbox 2.
• the electric actuator 37 and the thermosensitive element 10 constitute an electrically controlled thermostat, known to those skilled in the art: axis 1 1 or member 37 electrically heated, the latter then being implanted within the thermosensitive element 10.
• valve thermostatic device 9 in the circuit of the heat transfer fluid thermal control system of the engine 1, between the output of the heater A and the inlet 17 of the circulation tube of heat transfer fluid 14, allows, as long as the engine 1 and the hydraulic pump P are in operation, to ensure a continuous circulation of heat transfer fluid in the engine 1, while ensuring a circulation of heat transfer fluid in the coil 5 just needed to thermally regulate the gearbox 2 without interfering with the heating and cooling cycles of the engine 1 by the heat transfer fluid, which results in a temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the output of the heater A exceeding the threshold value T 0 .
• thermostatic valve device 9 at another place in the circuit of the thermal control system of the engine 1, in particular between the second outlet 23 of the heat transfer fluid outlet box 18 and the inlet of the heater, or within the fluid circulation tube 14 between the first outlet 21 of the fluid outlet housing 18 and the inlet port 17, in this case by bringing together in a same heat transfer fluid distributor housing thermostatic valve 9 and the bypass on the pipe 35 at the inlet and outlet of the tubular coil 5.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=56411765

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

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Family Cites Families (3)

• 2016
  • 2016-05-24 FR FR1654609A patent/FR3051873B1/fr active Active
• 2017
  • 2017-05-02 EP EP17725703.7A patent/EP3464952A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-05-02 WO PCT/FR2017/051037 patent/WO2017203116A1/fr unknown

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