EP3455837B1 - Détecteur d'incendie doté d'une photodiode pour détecter la lumière ambiante, de sorte à accélérer le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie en fonction du résultat - Google Patents

Détecteur d'incendie doté d'une photodiode pour détecter la lumière ambiante, de sorte à accélérer le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie en fonction du résultat Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3455837B1
EP3455837B1 EP17720811.3A EP17720811A EP3455837B1 EP 3455837 B1 EP3455837 B1 EP 3455837B1 EP 17720811 A EP17720811 A EP 17720811A EP 3455837 B1 EP3455837 B1 EP 3455837B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
detector
signal
light
photodiode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17720811.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3455837A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Fischer
Thomas Rohrer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102016208358.9A external-priority patent/DE102016208358B3/de
Priority claimed from DE102016208359.7A external-priority patent/DE102016208359B3/de
Priority claimed from DE102016208357.0A external-priority patent/DE102016208357A1/de
Application filed by Siemens Schweiz AG filed Critical Siemens Schweiz AG
Publication of EP3455837A1 publication Critical patent/EP3455837A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3455837B1 publication Critical patent/EP3455837B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/183—Single detectors using dual technologies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire detector, in particular an open and closed scattered light smoke detector and a thermal detector.
  • a fire detector such as a light transmitter and light receiver in a scattered light arrangement with a scattered light center located outside the scattered light smoke detector.
  • the fire sensor can also be an optical measuring chamber arranged in a detector housing, shielded from ambient light and permeable to smoke to be detected.
  • the fire sensor can have one or more temperature sensors.
  • Such a temperature sensor can be, for example, a temperature-dependent resistor (thermistor), such as a so-called NTC or PTC, or a contactless temperature sensor with a thermopile or microbolometer.
  • the fire detector further comprises a control unit, preferably a microcontroller.
  • the control unit is set up to analyze and evaluate a sensor signal received by the fire sensor for at least one characteristic fire parameter and to output a fire alarm in the event of a detected fire.
  • a characteristic fire parameter is, for example, in the case of a scattered-light smoke detector, exceeding a minimum scattered light level, which correlates with a smoke particle concentration. Alternatively or additionally, an inadmissibly high level increase in the scattered light can also be a characteristic fire parameter.
  • a characteristic fire parameter is, for example, exceeding a minimum temperature in the (immediate) surroundings of the fire detector, such as, for example, at least 60 ° C, 65 °, 70 ° C or 75 ° C.
  • a characteristic fire parameter such as, for example, of at least 5 ° C per minute or of at least 10 ° C per minute.
  • Open scattered light smoke detectors are, for example, from the EP 2093734 A1 and the EP 1039426 A2 known. From the WO 2010/100288 A1 an open scattered light detector is also known, which analyzes the received photo signal for the presence of flickering frequencies.
  • Flame detectors are also known from the prior art, such as from DE 10 2011 083 455 A1 or from the EP 2 251 846 A1 . Such flame detectors are specially designed to detect open flames and to issue an alarm in less than a second. They usually include two or more pyro sensors as radiation sensors. Such sensors are tuned for the detection of characteristic flickering frequencies of open fire, that is to say of flames and blazing embers, in the infrared range and possibly in the visible and ultraviolet range. The flickering frequencies are typically in a range from 2 Hz to 20 Hz.
  • a smartphone with a fire alarm application which has suitable program steps in order to analyze video image data recorded by an internal camera with regard to at least one piece of information characteristic of fire and to output an alarm via an output unit if the same is present.
  • This smartphone is also set up to analyze the received video signal for the presence of flickering frequencies characteristic of open fire and to switch from a first low refresh rate to a second high refresh rate if there is a significant deviation in two successive video images.
  • the infrared pyrosensors are typically sensitive to infrared radiation in the wavelength range from 4.0 to 4.8 ⁇ m. This specific radiation arises from the combustion of carbon and hydrocarbons. Another pyrosensor is sensitive to characteristic emissions from metal fires in the UV range.
  • flame detectors can also have a radiation sensor that is sensitive to infrared radiation in the wavelength range from 5.1 to 6.0 ⁇ m. This radiation is primarily interference radiation, e.g. infrared radiation from hot bodies or sunlight. A more reliable evaluation is then possible on the basis of all sensor signals, i.e. whether this is open fire or not.
  • the fire detector has a photodiode for detecting ambient light in a spectrally limited range from 400 nm to 1150 nm, i.e. of ambient light in the optically visible range as well as in the adjacent near UV and infrared range.
  • the control unit is also set up to analyze a photo signal received by the photodiode for the presence of flickering frequencies characteristic of open fire and, depending on this, to output a possible fire alarm by increasing a sampling rate for the detection of the sensor signal from the fire sensor, by reducing one Accelerate filter time of an evaluation filter for fire analysis and / or by lowering an alarm threshold.
  • the filter time is in particular a time constant or an integration time.
  • the essence of the invention thus lies in the use of an inexpensive photodiode as a "mini flame detector", the qualitative significance of which is sufficient, however, and justifies accelerating the output of a fire alarm in the event of detected flicker frequencies as an indication of the presence of a fire.
  • the fire sensor reacts more sensitively and more quickly when characteristic flicker frequencies are detected, but this is advantageously accepted because of the high probability of a subsequent rise in the scattered light level due to a fire. If there is then no "expected" level increase in the exemplary case of the open scattered light arrangement as a fire sensor, then there is no fire alarm either.
  • an increase in this fire sensor signal can advantageously be detected more quickly and thus a fire alarm can also be output more quickly.
  • the detected, preferably digitized sensor signal from the fire sensor is fed to the evaluation filter on the input side.
  • It is preferably a digital filter which is implemented as a software program and is executed by the microcontroller as a control unit.
  • the digital filter is preferably a low pass or a so-called drag filter. This involves a certain averaging of the detected sensor signal values, so that a fire alarm is not output immediately when a fire is detected. Rather, it is awaited whether this event occurs not sporadically but several times in succession in order to avoid the issuing of a false alarm
  • the fire detector By lowering the alarm threshold, the fire detector is switched more sensitive and less robust, so to speak. As a result, the alarm threshold is advantageously reached faster and the fire alarm is consequently also issued faster.
  • the output of a possible fire alarm is preferably accelerated the higher the level of the detected flicker frequencies.
  • the acceleration can be proportional, progressive or degressive depending on the flicker frequency level. Alternatively or additionally, it can only take place after a minimum detection level has been exceeded.
  • the photodiode is preferably a silicon photodiode and in particular a silicon PIN photodiode. It can be preceded by a daylight blocking filter which only allows light in a range from 700 nm to 1150 nm, in particular from 730 nm to 1100 nm, to pass.
  • a daylight blocking filter which only allows light in a range from 700 nm to 1150 nm, in particular from 730 nm to 1100 nm, to pass. The additional effort for the integration of such a photodiode in a fire detector is therefore very low in terms of circuitry and costs.
  • a transimpedance amplifier or a transimpedance converter which converts the photocurrent generated by the photodiode into a measurement voltage proportional to it, is preferably connected downstream of the photodiode.
  • the photocurrent is in turn proportional to the luminous flux received. This advantageously reduces optical disturbances such as the flickering of fluorescent tubes or incident sunlight.
  • Such a photodiode e.g. from OSRAM (type BPW 34 FAS), i. Compare to a pyro sensor available at a particularly low price.
  • the control unit is preferably set up to suppress or prevent the output of a possible fire alarm solely on the basis of detected characteristic flickering frequencies in the received photo signal.
  • the presence of a characteristic fire parameter in the sensor signal received by the fire sensor must have been detected at least by the control unit. This prevents the output of a possible false alarm if the expected fire event is not subsequently detected by the actual fire sensor. This is e.g. the case when flickering candlelight is detected by the photodiode as an open fire, but this does not lead to any appreciable increase in the level of stray light in the vicinity of the fire detector, in which the optical measuring chamber of the fire detector or this does not lead to any appreciable temperature increase in the area surrounding the fire detector.
  • the fire detector is an open scattered-light smoke detector.
  • the latter has a housing, a circuit carrier as well as a light transmitter and a light receiver.
  • the light transmitter and the light receiver are arranged in the housing.
  • the light transmitter and the light receiver are arranged in a scattered light arrangement with a scattered light center located outside the scattered light smoke detector, in particular outdoors.
  • the scattered light arrangement forms the fire sensor with the light transmitter and the light receiver.
  • the control unit is set up to analyze a scattered light signal received by the fire sensor, which forms the sensor signal, for an impermissibly high signal level as a fire parameter and / or for an impermissibly high rate of rise of the sensor signal as a further fire parameter.
  • the light transmitter and the light receiver are preferably arranged on the circuit carrier. The latter is preferably accommodated in the housing of the scattered light smoke detector.
  • the light receiver for optical scattered light detection and the photodiode for detecting ambient light are implemented as a common photodiode.
  • the particular advantage is the use of a single photodiode for scattered light detection as well as for flame detection. This simplifies the construction of the fire detector according to the invention. It is also cheaper to manufacture.
  • control unit is set up to analyze the scattered light / photo signal received by the common photodiode in time-separated phases.
  • the control unit is set up to analyze the received scattered light / photo signal in a respective first phase for an impermissibly high signal level and / or for an impermissibly high rate of rise. It is also set up to analyze the received scattered light / photo signal in a respective second phase for the presence of characteristic flickering frequencies.
  • the two temporal phases do not overlap. They are preferably repeated alternately periodically.
  • Several first phases or several second phases can also follow one another. This e.g. when a sharp rise in the scattered light signal has been detected or when a flicker frequency has been detected.
  • the light transmitter is repeated in the respective first phase, in particular periodically, with a pulsed signal sequence for emitting corresponding light pulses.
  • the period of the pulsed signal sequence is preferably in the range from 1 to 10 seconds.
  • a pulsed signal sequence is transmitted every 1 to 10 seconds.
  • the pulsed signal sequence is preferably a rectangular clock signal which the light transmitter e.g. controlled by a switch in the same cycle, so that a sequence of periodic light pulses is generated in the light transmitter.
  • such a pulsed signal sequence has a number of pulses, preferably in the range from 32 to 1000 pulses.
  • the duration of such a signal sequence itself is in the range from 0.25 to 2 milliseconds.
  • the ratio of the signal sequence period to the duration of a signal sequence itself is in the range of two to three orders of magnitude above.
  • the duration of a single pulse itself is typically in the range of 0.25 to 2 microseconds.
  • a first filter which is preferably tuned to the same clock signal frequency of the pulsed signal sequence
  • light signals with other frequencies are effectively suppressed.
  • a bandpass filter or high-pass filter is used for this purpose, which at least suppresses the frequency components in the photodiode or scattered light signal below the clock signal frequency.
  • the filter frequency of the high-pass filter or the lower filter frequency of the bandpass filter is in the range from 250 kHz to 2 MHz, assuming that the pulse duration of an individual pulse is in the range from 0.25 to 2 microseconds and that the clock or light signal is rectangular.
  • the photodiode or scattered light signal filtered in this way is then fed to an A / D converter, which converts this signal into corresponding digital values for further fire analysis.
  • the light transmitter is dark-controlled.
  • the second phase can thus also be referred to as the dark phase, in which the light transmitter does not emit any light.
  • the frequency components in the photodiode signal of the light receiver are limited in terms of signal technology by means of a second filter, the second filter being a low-pass filter.
  • the corner frequency of the low-pass filter is dimensioned such that the flicker frequencies to be detected in the respective second phase can pass through the low-pass filter in the range from 2 to 20 Hz.
  • the corner frequency, i.e. the filter frequency of the low-pass filter is preferably set to a frequency in the range from 20 Hz to 40 Hz, but at least to a frequency of at least 20 Hz.
  • optical light signals e.g. effectively suppressed by fluorescent tubes or computer monitors.
  • the photodiode signal filtered in this way is then fed to a further A / D converter, which converts this signal into corresponding digital values for further flicker frequency analysis.
  • control unit is set up to determine a first DC component from the received scattered light / photo signal, and is also set up to subtract this first DC component from the received scattered light / photo signal in order to obtain an essentially DC-free scattered light / photo signal .
  • the signal processing can e.g. a transimpedance amplifier, bandpass or lowpass filter or an A / D converter.
  • the scattered light / photo signal is fed to a low-pass filter, the corner frequency of which is in a range from 1 to 2000 Hz, preferably in the range from 20 to 150 Hz.
  • control unit is set up to compare the determined first DC component with a predefined override value and to output a fault message if the determined first DC component exceeds the override value for a predefined minimum time.
  • the photodiode is exposed to such a high brightness that it overdrives. Under these circumstances, reliable optical smoke detection is no longer possible. A user can then be alerted by a fault message.
  • the overdrive value can be related, for example, to the illuminance of the photodiode to which the photodiode or the common photodiode is exposed.
  • the predefined override value is preferably over 100,000 lux.
  • the value of 100,000 lux corresponds to a bright sunny day, the fire detector or the photodiode then being exposed to direct sunlight of such a bright sunny day.
  • the predetermined minimum time for issuing the fault message is preferably in the range from 10 seconds to 10 minutes.
  • the control unit is set up to monitor the scattered light / photo signal emitted by the (common) photodiode for falling below a minimum brightness value and, depending on this, to lower an alarm threshold for the output of a possible fire alarm.
  • the control unit is set up to determine a second DC component from the received scattered light / photo signal. This represents a long-term average brightness value. It is also set up to monitor this second DC component for falling below the minimum brightness value and, depending on this, to lower the alarm threshold for the output of a possible fire alarm.
  • the fire detector is an (exclusive) scattered-light smoke detector which has an optical measuring chamber, which is arranged in a detector housing and is shielded from ambient light and permeable to smoke to be detected, as a fire sensor.
  • the control unit is set up to analyze a scattered light signal received by the optical measuring chamber, which forms the sensor signal, for an impermissibly high signal level as a fire parameter and / or for an impermissibly high rate of rise of the sensor signal as a further fire parameter and, in the event of a detected fire, a fire alarm to spend.
  • the fire detector has at least one temperature sensor, in particular a thermistor, for detecting an ambient temperature in the immediate area around the fire detector.
  • the control unit is set up to take the detected ambient temperature into account in the fire analysis.
  • a thermistor is e.g. a so-called NTC or PTC.
  • the temperature sensor can also be a contactless temperature sensor with a thermopile or a microbolometer.
  • the fire detector is an (exclusive) thermal detector with a temperature sensor as the fire sensor.
  • the control unit is set up to convert a temperature signal received by the temperature sensor as a sensor signal to an impermissibly high ambient temperature as a fire parameter and / or to an impermissibly high temperature rise as a further fire parameter to analyze and issue a fire alarm in the event of a detected fire.
  • a temperature sensor can be a temperature-dependent resistor (thermistor), such as an NTC or PTC.
  • the temperature sensor is a contactless temperature sensor which comprises a heat radiation sensor sensitive to heat radiation in the infrared range.
  • the latter is, for example, a thermopile or a microbolometer.
  • the thermal radiation sensor is not imaging. In other words, it has a single pixel.
  • the fire detector comprises a detector housing with a detector hood, the heat radiation sensor then being arranged in the detector housing and optically aligned with the inside of the detector hood for the derivation of the ambient temperature.
  • the detector hood is designed so as to be thermally conductive to an opposite area of the outside of the detector hood that the housing temperature which arises on the inside follows the ambient temperature at the opposite area of the detector hood, in particular within a few seconds, such as 5 seconds.
  • the temperature sensor built into the detector housing makes the fire detector less susceptible to contamination. In addition, it is not necessary to lay the thermistor in the housing in terms of circuitry and assembly.
  • the control unit is set up to monitor the photo signal emitted by the photodiode for falling below a minimum brightness value and is set up to lower an alarm threshold for the output of a possible fire alarm to speed up the issuance of a possible fire alarm. Because of the more sensitive setting of the fire detector, it is at night, faster alarms possible. This is possible because at lower brightness, e.g. with lux values of less than 1 lux, fewer disturbances from the detector environment can be expected as during the day. Such disturbances are e.g. lighting candles, spreading smoke when cooking and roasting, or lighting a fireplace.
  • the fire detectors under consideration are wired or wirelessly connected to a higher-level control center.
  • the control unit is set up to output to the control center as a day / night identifier when the minimum brightness level is exceeded or fallen below.
  • FIG. 1 shows a spectral characteristic of a silicon PIN photodiode with and without an upstream daylight filter.
  • the maximum spectral sensitivity S Rel standardized to 100%, is at a light wavelength ⁇ of approximately 900 nm, that is to say in the near infrared range.
  • the solid curve shows the spectral sensitivity S Rel of a silicon PIN photodiode with an upstream daylight filter. Light with a wavelength ⁇ of less than 730 nm is suppressed.
  • the dashed branch of the characteristic shows the spectral sensitivity S Rel of the silicon PIN photodiode without daylight filter.
  • FIG 2 shows an example of a photo signal PD received by a photodiode 6 with characteristic flickering frequencies for open fire measured in millivolts. It will be the one at the Photodiode 6 generated photo voltage measured as a photo signal PD. The measurement was carried out over a period of 4 seconds and shows cyclical voltage peaks in the range from 20 to 30 mV, which correlate with the flickering of the flames from open fire.
  • FIG 3 shows that to the photo signal PD according FIG 2 associated frequency spectrum.
  • A denotes the spectral amplitude, measured in dB and plotted against the frequency f in Hertz. If you only consider the frequency range of at least 2 Hz that is decisive for flickering, you can see the reciprocal decrease in amplitude for increasing frequencies from 2 Hz. The spectrum shown is typical and significant for open flickering fire.
  • FIG 4 shows an example of an open scattered light detector 1 with a scattered light center SZ located outside the detector 1 for smoke detection and with a photodiode 6 for detecting ambient light for detecting open fire according to the invention.
  • the detector 1 has a housing 2, which is composed of a base body 21 and a detector hood 22. With the base body 21, the detector 1 can then preferably be detachably attached to a detector base mounted on a ceiling. Both housing parts 21, 22 are usually made of a light-tight plastic housing.
  • a circuit carrier 3 is accommodated in or on the housing 2, on which a light transmitter S in the form of a light-emitting diode, a light receiver E in the form of a photosensor and a microcontroller 4 as a control unit are applied.
  • the photosensor E is preferably a photodiode.
  • Light transmitter S and light receiver E are thus arranged on the one hand in the housing 2. On the other hand, they are also arranged in a scattered light arrangement SA with a scattered light center SZ lying outside the scattered light smoke detector 1.
  • the scattered light arrangement SA forms the actual fire sensor together with the light transmitter S and the light receiver E.
  • the detector hood 22 There are two openings in the detector hood 22 for smoke detection outdoors.
  • a light beam emitted by the light transmitter S passes through the first opening to the outside.
  • the scattered light from the smoke particles to be detected passes through the second opening to the light receiver E in the housing 2.
  • the two openings which are not further specified, are through a transparent cover, such as e.g. made of plastic, closed.
  • the control unit 4 shown is now set up to analyze a scattered light signal received by the fire sensor for an impermissibly high signal level as a fire parameter. Alternatively or additionally, it can be set up to analyze the scattered light signal for an impermissibly high rate of rise as a further fire parameter. In the event of a detected fire, a fire alarm AL can be output by means of the control unit 4.
  • the scattered light smoke detector 1 has a photodiode 6 for detecting ambient light.
  • the photodiode 6 is arranged on the circuit carrier 3 and aligned in such a way that it "looks through” through a further opening in the detector hood 22.
  • the further opening is preferably located at a central point of the detector hood 22, so that a symmetrical all-round view is possible for the detection of ambient light.
  • Z is the central main axis of the detector 1.
  • Such detectors 1 typically have a rotationally symmetrical design.
  • FOV denotes the optical detection area of the photodiode 6.
  • the further opening is closed by a further transparent cover AB in order to prevent dirt from penetrating into the interior of the housing.
  • the covers AB can already be provided with a daylight filter or have one.
  • the central cover AB is also designed as an optical lens L. This enables an expanded optical all-round view.
  • control unit 4 is now set up to analyze a photo signal received by the photodiode 6 for the presence of flickering frequencies characteristic of open flames and, depending on this, to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm. It is also set up to monitor the photo signal for exceeding and falling below a minimum brightness level and to output it as a day / night identifier T / N, symbolized by a sun and moon symbol, e.g. to a higher-level headquarters.
  • FIG 5 shows a first embodiment of the fire detector 1 according to the invention with a common photodiode 6 '. It is set up for both smoke detection and ambient light detection.
  • FIG 6 shows a functional block diagram of a detector control unit 4 with an evaluation filter 41 with an adjustable time constant T filter in order to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm according to the invention.
  • the functional blocks 40-44 shown are preferably implemented as software, i.e. as program routines carried out by a processor-based control unit, e.g. by a microcontroller.
  • the program routines are loaded in a memory of the microcontroller 4.
  • the memory is preferably a non-volatile electronic memory, e.g. a flash memory.
  • the microcontroller 4 can also have specific function blocks that are already integrated as hardware functional units in the microcontroller 4, such as Analog / digital converters 51, 52, signal processors, digital input / output units and bus interfaces.
  • the microcontroller 4 comprises two analog / digital converters 51, 52.
  • the first A / D converter 51 is provided for digitizing a filtered scattered light signal BS ', which comes indirectly from the light receiver E of the scattered light arrangement SA.
  • the second A / D converter 52 is provided for digitizing a photo signal PD output by the photodiode 6.
  • the light transmitter S ie the light-emitting diode
  • a frequency generator 46 with a pulsed signal sequence in the range from 0.25 to 2 MHz.
  • the light emitting diode S in turn emits corresponding light pulses into the scattered light center SZ.
  • the frequency generator 46 is driven on the input side via a logic block 40 of the control unit 4 by means of a clock signal f clock , the frequency generator 46 emitting a pulsed signal sequence with a predetermined number of pulses per clock cycle, for example in the range from 32 to 1000 pulses.
  • the clock signal f clock output by the logic block 40 has a frequency in the range from 0.1 to 1 Hz.
  • the photodiode E provided for scattered light detection is followed by a transimpedance amplifier 62, which converts the photocurrent generated by the photodiode E into a suitable measurement voltage for further signal processing.
  • This amplified scattered light signal BS is finally fed to a bandpass filter 56, which is implemented as a digital filter.
  • This bandpass filter 56 only allows the high-frequency signal components in the unfiltered scattered light signal BS to pass, which roughly correspond to the high-frequency pulsed signal sequence. As a result, low-frequency optical interference signals are effectively suppressed.
  • the clock signal f clock is also fed to the first A / D converter 51, which then converts the currently applied filtered scattered light signal BS 'into a digital value.
  • the digitized scattered light signal BS ' is then fed to a (digital) evaluation filter 41 along the optical path.
  • the weighting filter 41 is preferably a digital low-pass filter, which carries out a certain signal smoothing or averaging. However, this filtering requires a delayed filter response at the output of the evaluation filter 41 analogous to a filter time constant in the case of a low pass.
  • the output signal of the evaluation filter 41 which is not further specified, is subsequently fed to a comparator 44, which compares it with an alarm threshold LEV, which corresponds to a minimum smoke concentration value for the fire alarm. If the filter output signal exceeds this comparison value LEV, a fire alarm AL is output, e.g. to a higher-level fire alarm center.
  • the microcontroller 4 is also set up to analyze the photo signal PD received by the photodiode 6 for the presence of flickering frequencies characteristic of open fire and, depending on this, to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm.
  • the spectral signal analysis can be carried out, for example, by means of a digital Fourier transformation or by means of a wavelet analysis. Technically, this is accomplished on the one hand by the flicker frequency detector 42 function block.
  • the flicker indicator F can be, for example, a binary value, such as 0 or 1, or a digital value, such as in the value range from 0 to 9.
  • the value 0 can, for example, be the absence of flicker frequencies and the value 1 corresponding to that in the binary case Represent existence. In the digital case, the value 0 can represent, for example, the absence of flickering frequencies.
  • the values 1 to 9 can, for example, indicate the presence of flicker frequencies, high numerical values indicating high flicker frequency levels and low numerical values indicating low flicker frequency levels.
  • the digitized, filtered scattered light signal BS ' is more quickly present at the evaluation filter 41 for further processing.
  • the evaluation filter 41 responds more quickly by reducing the filter time constant T filter , so that an actual increase in the filtered scattered light signal BS 'also leads to a faster fire alarm AL.
  • the sampling rate can be increased and / or the filter time constant T filter decreased, for example for the digital case of the flicker indicator F depending on its value range.
  • the logic block 40 can be programmed so that the alarm threshold LEV is lowered depending on the flickering indicator F, e.g. 10%, 20%, 30% or 50%. This results in an accelerated output of a fire alarm for the fire that is likely to occur due to the detected flicker frequency.
  • FIG 7 shows a second functional block diagram of a detector control unit 4 with input-side detection and evaluation of a scattered light / photo signal BS from a common photodiode 6 'and with night detection according to the invention.
  • the control unit 4 is set up to analyze the scattered light / photo signal BS, PD received by the common photodiode 6 'in time-separated phases.
  • the control unit 4 analyzes the signal level of the filtered scattered light / photo signal BS 'to determine whether it is impermissibly high. Alternatively or additionally, it analyzes whether this signal level rises excessively quickly.
  • control unit 4 is set up to analyze the received scattered light / photo signal BS, PD in a respective second phase, to which the second clock signal f clock2 is assigned, for the presence of characteristic flicker frequencies.
  • the received scattered light / photo signal BS, PD first passes through a low-pass filter 57, in particular to suppress the high-frequency signal components that come indirectly from the clock generator 46.
  • the signal at the output of the low-pass filter 57 is fed to an A / D converter 52, which converts this signal into corresponding digital values for the subsequent flicker frequency detector 42.
  • phase-shifted control of the two A / D converters 51, 52 is only necessary in the context of the fire analysis.
  • both A / D converters 51, 52 can also be controlled simultaneously, which can be advantageous for the power consumption in accordance with the respective concept.
  • the control unit 4 additionally comprises a night detection function block 43 in order to lower an alarm threshold LEV for the output of a possible fire alarm AL in accordance with the invention depending on the brightness determined in the vicinity of the fire detector.
  • Control unit 4 determines a second DC component H / D from received scattered light / photo signal BS, PD, which represents a long-term averaged brightness value. It monitors this second DC component H / D for falling below a minimum brightness value and then, depending on this, reduces the alarm threshold LEV for the output of a possible fire alarm AL.
  • the night detection block 43 has a digital low-pass filter with a corner frequency in the range from 0 to 0.1 for the determination of the second direct component H / D.
  • the night detection block 43 is supplied with the stray light / photo signal which has already been pre-filtered by the low-pass filter 57 and digitized by means of the A / D converter 52.
  • the second DC component H / D can represent a binary brightness value for light or dark. It preferably represents a digital value, e.g. a lux value with a graded range of values.
  • the logic block 40 is now programmed in such a way that the alarm threshold LEV is lowered in particular when the second DC component H / D falls below a minimum brightness value, e.g. a value of 1 lux.
  • a minimum brightness value e.g. a value of 1 lux.
  • This exemplary value corresponds to a dark to very dim environment. In such an environment, less optical interference from the detector environment can be expected than during the day.
  • the LEV alarm threshold can be lowered by assuming minor disturbances from the detector environment. The more sensitive setting accelerates the output of a fire alarm, since the reduced alarm threshold LEV is now exceeded more quickly by the output signal of the evaluation filter 41.
  • FIG 8 shows a third functional block diagram of a control unit 4 as an exemplary embodiment for the offset compensation according to the invention for the photodiode 6 '.
  • the present circuit arrangement thus schematically represents a transimpedance converter known per se, which converts the photocurrent generated by the photodiode 6 'into a proportional photo voltage at the output of the operational amplifier 63. Override of the transimpedance amplifier is advantageously prevented by the offset compensation.
  • the circuit arrangement in the FIG 8 shows in detail a control loop for offset compensation according to the invention.
  • the control circuit comprises the operational amplifier 63 as a comparison element, a downstream low-pass filter 57 with a corner frequency of 20 Hz, which is an example here, a following A / D converter 52, a controller implemented by the logic block 40, which on the input side connects to the output of the A / D Converter 52 is connected, a digital / analog converter 58 following the controller and a voltage-controlled current source, not further designated, following the D / A converter 58.
  • the latter acts as a feedback of the control loop on the inverting input of the transimpedance converter or operational amplifier 63.
  • an essentially DC-free scattered light / photo signal AC is present at the output of the operational amplifier 63.
  • this signal AC is fed to a bandpass filter 56 which is tuned to the carrier or clock frequency of the frequency generator 46.
  • the scattered light / photosignal BS 'thus filtered is then, as already described above, output to an A / D converter 51, which feeds the corresponding digitized values to a downstream evaluation filter 41 for fire analysis.
  • the scattered light / photo signal AC which is essentially free of direct components, is fed to a low-pass filter 57 with an exemplary corner frequency of 20 Hz.
  • the signal present at the filter output forms the control deviation RA of the control loop.
  • This is fed to the A / D converter 52, which converts the signal of the control deviation RA into corresponding digital values of the control deviation RA '.
  • a subsequent controller implemented in software in logic block 40 determines a first DC component OFFSET for the offset compensation of the received scattered light / photo signal BS, PD, depending on the level of control deviation RA '.
  • This first DC component OFFSET converts a downstream D / A converter 58 into a DC voltage, by means of which a subsequent voltage-controlled current source is controlled.
  • the latter causes, via the inverting input of the operational amplifier 63, that this first DC component OFFSET is subtracted from the received scattered light / photo signal BS, PD, in order to finally generate the essentially DC-free scattered light / photo signal AC.
  • the control loop is now closed.
  • the output signal of the A / D converter 52 is again fed to a flicker frequency block 42 for the detection of flicker frequencies characteristic of open fire.
  • the logic block 40 is also set up or programmed to compare the determined first DC component OFFSET with a predetermined override value and to output a fault message ST if the determined first DC component OFFSET exceeds the override value for a predetermined minimum time.
  • FIG. 9 shows an exemplary scattered light smoke detector 1 of the closed type as a fire detector with an optical measuring chamber 10 and with a photodiode 6 for ambient light for the detection of open fire according to the invention in a sectional view.
  • the detector 1 has a housing 2, which is composed of a base body 21 and a detector hood 22. With the base body 21, the detector 1 can then preferably be detachably attached to a detector base 11 mounted on a ceiling. Both housing parts 21, 22 are usually made of a light-tight plastic housing.
  • a circuit carrier 3 is accommodated in the interior of the detector 1.
  • a transmitter S typically an LED
  • a receiver E typically a photodiode
  • SZ denotes the scattered light center SZ or measurement volume formed by the scattered light arrangement SA for optical smoke detection.
  • the scattered light arrangement SA is surrounded by a labyrinth and together with it forms the optical measuring chamber 10.
  • the latter thus forms a fire sensor 10.
  • OF also designates a circumferential smoke inlet opening and N denotes an insect screen.
  • N denotes an insect screen.
  • thermistors 5 In the area of the smoke inlet opening OF there are two opposite thermistors 5 for detecting the ambient temperature as an additional fire parameter.
  • a photodiode 6 Arranged inside the detector hood 22 is a photodiode 6, which lies opposite a recess AN on the outside of the detector hood 22. Through this recess AN, the photodiode 6 can "see through” the surroundings around the detector 1.
  • the associated optical detection range of the photodiode 6 is designated by FOV. Open fire in this detection area FOV, symbolized by a flame symbol, can then be optically detected by the photodiode 6.
  • the recess AN in the detector hood 22 is provided with a transparent cover AB for protection against contamination.
  • the cover AB is preferably made of a translucent plastic. It can be equipped with a daylight filter. In the event of a detected fire, an AL fire alarm can be issued to a higher-level fire alarm control panel. A day / night identifier T / N can also be output.
  • Z is the geometric central main axis of the detector 1.
  • FIG 10 shows the example according to FIG. 9 in a plan view along the entered viewing direction X.
  • the control unit 4 is now set up to analyze a photo signal received by the photodiode 6 for the presence of flickering frequencies characteristic of open fire and, depending on this, to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm.
  • it is already set up to monitor the photo signal for exceeding and falling below a minimum brightness level and to output it as a day / night identifier T / N, symbolized by a sun and moon symbol.
  • the latter can be output to a higher-level control center, for example to extend or retract blinds or to switch lights on and off, for example.
  • FIG 11 shows an embodiment of the fire detector 1 according to the invention with a common light guide 7 for ambient light detection by means of the photodiode 6 and as an indicator in the sense of a ready display.
  • the photodiode 6 shown is preferably a silicon photodiode and in particular a silicon PIN photodiode.
  • the photodiode 6 for the ambient light detection is now arranged on the circuit carrier 3. It is preferably applied adjacent to an indicator light-emitting diode LED likewise arranged on the circuit carrier 3.
  • the light guide 7 is designed such that it has a first end opposite both the indicator light-emitting diode LED and the photodiode 6.
  • the second end of the light guide 7 preferably projects through a central recess in the detector hood 22.
  • ambient light can be detected through the light guide 7 by means of the photodiode 6.
  • light of the indicator light-emitting diode LED can be coupled out through the light guide 7 at the second end of the light guide 7 in the opposite way.
  • the indicator light-emitting diode LED becomes cyclical, e.g. activated every 30 seconds to send an optically visible pulse to indicate that fire detector 1 is ready for operation.
  • the second end of the light guide 7 is designed as an optical lens L. This makes it possible to detect ambient light from a larger optical detection area FOV. In addition, the ready display of the fire detector 1 can be seen in a larger solid angle range.
  • the light guide 7 is preferably in one piece and made of a transparent plastic.
  • FIG 12 shows the example according to FIG 11 in a top view along the in FIG 11 registered viewing direction XII.
  • the central arrangement of the second end of the light guide 7 can be seen in particular.
  • FIG. 13 shows a functional block diagram of a detector control unit 4 with an evaluation filter 41 with an adjustable time constant T filter in order to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm according to the invention.
  • the functional blocks 40-44 shown are preferably implemented as software, i.e. as program routines carried out by a processor-based control unit, e.g. by a microcontroller.
  • the program routines are loaded in a memory of the microcontroller 4.
  • the memory is preferably a non-volatile electronic memory, e.g. a flash memory.
  • the microcontroller 4 can also have specific function blocks that are already integrated as hardware functional units in the microcontroller 4, such as Analog / digital converter 51 - 53, signal processors, digital input / output units and bus interfaces.
  • a scattered light arrangement SA can be seen as part of the optical measuring chamber or the fire sensor.
  • the scattered light arrangement SA has a transmitter S and receiver E. Both are aligned to a common scattered light center SZ as the measuring volume and spectrally coordinated.
  • the transmitter S is in particular a light emitting diode.
  • the receiver E is a photosensor and preferably a photodiode.
  • the light-emitting diode is designed in particular to emit monochromatic infrared light, preferably in the range from 860 to 940 nm ⁇ 40 nm, and / or from monochromatic ultraviolet light, preferably in the range from 390 to 460 nm ⁇ 40 nm.
  • Scattered light which originates from particles to be detected such as smoke particles in the scattered light center SZ, can then be detected by the receiver E.
  • the scattered light level or the amplitude of the scattered light signal BS is a measure of the concentration of the detected particles.
  • the scattered light signal BS is preferably amplified beforehand by means of an amplifier 62, in particular by means of a transimpedance amplifier.
  • the logic block 40 of the control unit 4 outputs a pulsed clock signal f clock .
  • This is amplified by a further amplifier 61 and fed to the light emitting diode S.
  • the clock signal f clock is typically cyclical. It preferably has a pulse width in the range from 50 to 500 ⁇ s and a clock frequency in the range from 0.1 to 2 Hz.
  • this clock signal f clock is fed to an assigned analog / digital converter 51.
  • the microcontroller 4 comprises, for example, three analog / digital converters 51-53.
  • the first A / D converter 51 is used to digitize the scattered light signal BS from the fire sensor, ie here from the optical measuring chamber.
  • the second A / D converter 52 is provided for digitizing a photo signal PD, which is provided by a photodiode 6 for surrounding ambient light in the (immediate) environment of the detector 1.
  • the photo signal PD is preferably amplified beforehand by means of an amplifier 61, typically by means of a transimpedance amplifier.
  • the third A / D converter 53 is provided for digitizing a temperature signal TS, which is output by an NTC as a temperature sensor 5 for detecting the ambient temperature UT in the (immediate) environment of the detector 1.
  • the digitized scattered light signal is then fed to a (digital) evaluation filter 41 along the optical path.
  • the weighting filter 41 is preferably a digital low-pass filter, which carries out a certain signal smoothing or averaging. However, this filtering requires a delayed filter response at the output of the evaluation filter 41 analogous to a filter time constant in the case of a low pass.
  • the output signal of the evaluation filter 41 which is not further specified, is subsequently fed to a comparator 44 which compares it with an alarm threshold LEV, such as e.g. with a minimum concentration value for the alarm. If the filter output signal exceeds this comparison value LEV, a fire alarm AL is output, e.g. to a higher-level fire alarm center.
  • the microcontroller 4 is also set up to analyze the photo signal PD received by the photodiode 6 for the presence of flickering frequencies characteristic of open fire and, depending on this, to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm.
  • the spectral signal analysis can be carried out, for example, by means of a digital Fourier transformation or by means of a wavelet analysis.
  • this is accomplished on the one hand by the flicker frequency detector 42 function block.
  • this outputs a flickering indicator F to a logic block 40, which then increases the sampling rate of the A / D converter 51 for digitizing the scattered light signal BS and / or reduces the filter time constant T filter .
  • the flicker indicator F can be, for example, a binary value, such as 0 or 1, or a digital value, such as in the value range from 0 to 9.
  • the value 0 can, for example, be the absence of flicker frequencies and the value 1 corresponding to that in the binary case Represent existence.
  • the value 0 can represent, for example, the absence of flickering frequencies.
  • the values 1 to 9 can, for example, indicate the presence of flicker frequencies, high numerical values indicating high flicker frequency levels and low numerical values indicating low flicker frequency levels.
  • the evaluation filter 41 responds more quickly by reducing the filter time constant T filter , so that an actual increase in the scattered light level BS also leads to a faster fire alarm AL.
  • the sampling rate f clock rate and / or the filter time constant T filter can be increased, for example for the digital case of the flicker indicator F, depending on its value range.
  • the logic block 40 can also be programmed such that the alarm threshold LEV is lowered when a light / dark indicator H / D, which is provided by the function block 43 of the microcontroller 4, falls below a minimum brightness value.
  • a minimum brightness value is, for example, 0.1 lux, 1 lux or 5 lux. These exemplary values correspond to a dark to very dim environment.
  • the value for the alarm threshold LEV can, for example, be reduced by 10%, 20, 30% or 50%.
  • the alarm threshold LEV can also be lowered.
  • the more sensitive setting results in an accelerated output of a fire alarm in that the reduced alarm threshold LEV is exceeded more quickly by the output signal of the evaluation filter 41.
  • the day / night detection is carried out by low-pass filtering the photo signal PD with a time constant of less than 1 Hz, in particular less than 0.1 Hz.
  • control unit 4 is connected to a thermistor 5 (NTC) for detecting the ambient temperature UT in the immediate area around the fire detector.
  • NTC thermistor 5
  • the control unit 4 is set up according to the invention to take the detected ambient temperature UT into account in the fire analysis. As a result, a fire can be detected even more reliably in the sense of a multi-criteria fire detector.
  • the temperature signal TS output by the thermistor 5 is converted by the third A / D converter 53 into digital temperature values T, which are then taken into account by the logic block 40 of the control unit 4 in the fire analysis.
  • FIG 14 shows an exemplary thermal detector 1 with a temperature sensor 5 and with a photodiode 6 for detecting ambient light for the detection of open fire according to the invention in a sectional view.
  • the detector 1 has a housing 2, which is composed of a base body 21 and a detector hood 22. With the base body 21, the detector 1 can then preferably be detachably attached to a detector base mounted on a ceiling. Both housing parts 21, 22 are usually made of a light-tight plastic housing. A central opening is provided in the detector hood 22, in which a thermistor 5 is mounted as a temperature sensor, protected against possible mechanical influences. The central arrangement enables direction-independent detection of the ambient temperature UT in the immediate vicinity of detector 1 (see also FIG. 15 ). A circuit carrier 3 is also accommodated in the interior IR of the detector 1, on which the photodiode 6 is arranged in addition to a microcontroller 4 as a control unit.
  • the photodiode 6 there is a recess AN in the detector hood 22, through which the photodiode 6 can "see through” the surroundings around the detector 1.
  • the associated optical detection range of the photodiode 6 is designated by FOV. Open fire in this detection area FOV, symbolized by a flame symbol, can then be optically detected by the photodiode 6.
  • the recess AN in the detector hood 22 is provided with a transparent cover AB for protection against contamination.
  • the cover AB is preferably made of a translucent plastic. You can also use a daylight filter be provided or have such. In the event of a detected fire, a fire alarm AL and a day / night identifier T / N, symbolized by an arrow, can be output.
  • FIG. 15 shows the example according to FIG 14 in a top view along the in FIG 14 registered line of sight.
  • Z is the geometric central main axis of the detector 1.
  • control unit 4 is now set up to analyze a photo signal received by the photodiode 6 for the presence of flickering frequencies characteristic of open fire and, depending on this, to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm. It is also set up to monitor the photo signal for exceeding and falling below a minimum brightness level and to output it as a day / night identifier T / N, symbolized by a sun and moon symbol, e.g. to a higher-level headquarters.
  • FIG 16 shows a first embodiment of the fire alarm 1 according to the invention with a contactless temperature sensor 5 having a thermopile 50 sensitive to heat radiation W in the infrared range as the heat radiation sensor.
  • thermopile 50 is arranged in the detector housing 2 on the circuit carrier 3 and is optically aligned with the inside IS of the detector hood 22 in order to detect the ambient temperature UT.
  • the optically detected surface on the inside IS of the detector hood 22 is in the FIG 16 referred to as the measuring surface M.
  • thermopile 50 is again arranged centrally in the detector housing 2 in order to enable the ambient temperature UT in the immediate vicinity of the detector 1 to be detected as independently of the direction as possible.
  • the detector hood 22 is formed in the central region 23 of the inside IS in such a way that it thermally conducts to an opposite region of the outside of the detector hood 22 that the housing temperature T which arises on the inside IS follows the ambient temperature UT on the opposite region of the detector hood 22.
  • the wall thickness in the central area 23 can be reduced, for example to half a millimeter.
  • this central area 23 can be thermally insulated from the rest of the surrounding detector hood 22. In most cases, no change in the wall thickness of the detector hood 22 will be necessary.
  • the current ambient temperature UT or the housing temperature T following this is arithmetically derived from the thermal radiation value detected by the thermal radiation sensor 50 according to the pyrometric measuring principle.
  • the emissivity for the heat radiation W from the measuring surface M is included in the calculation. This value can be determined by measurement and is typically in the range from 0.75 to 0.9. The following applies: the blacker the measurement surface, the greater the emissivity. An emissivity of 1.0 corresponds to the theoretically maximum achievable value for a black radiator.
  • the computational determination can be carried out by a microcontroller integrated in the Thermopile 50, which outputs the currently determined temperature value on the output side and thus represents a non-contact temperature sensor.
  • the thermopile 50 can only output a current heat radiation value, which is then detected by the microcontroller 4 of the fire detector 1 and processed further for the mathematical determination of the current temperature value.
  • the associated emissivity is preferably stored in the microcontroller 4.
  • FIG 17 shows a second embodiment of the fire detector 1 according to the invention with a common light guide 7 for ambient light detection by means of the photodiode 6 and as an indicator in the sense of a ready display.
  • an indicator light-emitting diode LED is arranged adjacent to the photodiode 6 on the circuit carrier 6.
  • the light guide 7 is designed such that it has a first end opposite both the indicator light-emitting diode LED and the photodiode 6.
  • the second end of the light guide 7 preferably projects through a central recess in the detector hood 22.
  • ambient light can be detected through the light guide 7 by means of the photodiode 6.
  • light of the indicator light-emitting diode LED can be coupled out through the light guide 7 at the second end of the light guide 7 in the opposite way.
  • the indicator light-emitting diode LED is typically cyclically used to emit an optically visible pulse, e.g.
  • the second end of the light guide 7 is designed as an optical lens L. This makes it possible to detect ambient light from a larger optical detection area FOV. In addition, the ready display of the fire detector 1 can be seen in a larger solid angle range.
  • the light guide 7 is preferably in one piece and made of a transparent plastic.
  • the photodiode 6 shown is preferably a silicon photodiode and in particular a silicon PIN photodiode.
  • such a photodiode specially manufactured for light detection can be dispensed with.
  • the first end of the light guide 7 is only opposite the indicator light-emitting diode LED. The light coupling out of the LED light takes place again at the second end of the light guide 7 in the vicinity of the fire detector 1.
  • the indicator light-emitting diode LED is now provided for ambient light detection, since in principle every light-emitting diode is also suitable for the detection of ambient light, albeit with significantly lower efficiency.
  • the indicator light-emitting diode LED is alternately switched into an operating mode for generating light and into an operating mode as a photodiode (see the explanations below in the FIG 20 ).
  • the fire detector 1 has, for example, two opposing temperature sensors 5 for detecting the ambient temperature UT.
  • FIG 18 shows a functional block diagram of a detector control unit 4 with an evaluation filter 41 with adjustable filter time in order to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm.
  • the functional blocks 40-44 shown are preferably implemented as software, i.e. as program routines carried out by a processor-based control unit, e.g. by a microcontroller.
  • the program routines are loaded in a memory of the microcontroller 4.
  • the memory is preferably a non-volatile electronic memory, e.g. a flash memory.
  • the microcontroller 4 can also have specific function blocks that are already integrated as hardware functional units in the microcontroller 4, such as Analog / digital converters 51, 52, signal processors, digital input / output units and bus interfaces.
  • the microcontroller 4 comprises, by way of example, two analog / digital converters 51, 52 in order to generate a current temperature signal BS from the fire sensor 5, i.e. digitized here by an NTC, and a photosignal PD by a photodiode 6.
  • the digitized temperature signal is then fed to a (digital) evaluation filter 41 along the thermal path.
  • the weighting filter 41 is preferably a digital low-pass filter, which carries out a certain signal smoothing or averaging. However, this filtering requires a delayed filter response at the output of the evaluation filter 41 analogous to a filter time constant in the case of a low pass.
  • the output signal of the evaluation filter 41 which is not further specified, is subsequently fed to a comparator 44 which compares it with an alarm threshold LEV, such as e.g. with a temperature value for 65 °. If the filter output signal exceeds this comparison value LEV, a fire alarm AL is output, e.g. to a higher-level fire alarm center.
  • LEV alarm threshold
  • the microcontroller 4 is also set up to analyze the photo signal PD received by the photodiode 6 for the presence of flickering frequencies characteristic of open fire and, depending on this, to accelerate the output of a possible fire alarm.
  • the spectral signal analysis can be carried out, for example, by means of a digital Fourier transformation or by means of a wavelet analysis.
  • this is accomplished on the one hand by the flicker frequency detector 42 function block.
  • this outputs a flickering indicator F to a logic block 40, which then increases the sampling rate f clock of the A / D converter 51 for digitizing the temperature signal BS and / or reduces the filter time constant T filter .
  • the flicker indicator F can be, for example, a binary value, such as 0 or 1, or a digital value, such as in the value range from 0 to 9.
  • the value 0 can, for example, be the absence of flicker frequencies and the value 1 corresponding to that in the binary case Represent existence.
  • the value 0 can represent, for example, the absence of flickering frequencies.
  • the values 1 to 9 can, for example, indicate the presence of flicker frequencies, high numerical values indicating high flicker frequency levels and low numerical values indicating low flicker frequency levels.
  • the weighting filter 41 speaks by reducing the filter time constant T filter on faster, so that an actual rise in the temperature signal BS also leads to a faster fire alarm AL.
  • the sampling rate f clock rate and / or the filter time constant T filter can be increased, for example for the digital case of the flicker indicator F, depending on its value range.
  • the logic block 40 can be programmed to lower the alarm threshold LEV, e.g. from 65 ° to 60 °. This results in an accelerated output of a fire alarm for the fire that is likely to occur due to the detected flicker frequency.
  • the logic block 40 can also be programmed such that the alarm threshold LEV is lowered in particular when a light / dark indicator H / D provided by the function block 43 of the microcontroller 4 falls below a minimum brightness value, such as e.g. a value of 1 lux.
  • a minimum brightness value such as e.g. a value of 1 lux.
  • This exemplary value corresponds to a dark to very dim environment. In such an environment, less thermal disturbances from the detector environment can be expected than during the day, e.g. with the temperature fluctuations described at the beginning.
  • the LEV alarm threshold can be lowered by assuming minor disturbances from the detector environment. The more sensitive setting accelerates the output of a fire alarm, since the reduced alarm threshold LEV is now exceeded more quickly by the output signal of the evaluation filter 41.
  • the day / night detection is carried out by low-pass filtering the photo signal PD with a time constant of less than 1 Hz, in particular less than 0.1 Hz.
  • FIG 19 shows a second functional block diagram of a detector control unit 4 with a temperature sensor 5 with thermopile 50 according to the invention.
  • the current ambient temperature UT or the housing temperature T following this is determined with a temperature calculation block 54 of the microcontroller 4.
  • the latter is supplied with a digitized heat signal WS by means of an A / D converter 51 from a thermopile 50 as an example of a heat radiation sensor.
  • the emissivity for the heat radiation W in the infrared range of the measuring surface M is included in the calculation.
  • FIG 20 shows a third functional block diagram of a detector control unit 4 in addition to alternately actuating an indicator light-emitting diode LED and for detecting the ambient light by means of the indicator light-emitting diode LED, switched in an operating mode as a photodiode 5 according to the invention.
  • the logic block 40 alternately controls a switching unit 55 via a switching signal US, so that in a first phase the indicator light-emitting diode LED can be controlled with a current signal IND by a pulse generation unit 45 for brief lighting, such as every 30 seconds.
  • the logic block 40 controls the switchover unit 55 in such a way that the low photo signal PD is fed from the indicator light-emitting diode LED to an amplifier 60.
  • Amplifier 60 is preferably a transimpedance amplifier.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Détecteur d'incendie, en particulier détecteur de fumées à lumière diffuse ouvert, comprenant un capteur d'incendie, doté d'une unité de commande (4) et d'une photodiode (6, 6') pour détecter la lumière environnante dans une plage spectrale limitée de 400 à 1150 nm, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour analyser, évaluer un signal de capteur (BS) reçu du capteur d'incendie quant à au moins une grandeur caractéristique d'incendie et en cas d'incendie détecté, déclencher une alarme incendie (AL), et dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est en outre conçue pour analyser un photosignal (PD) reçu de la photodiode (6, 6') quant à la présence de fréquences de scintillement caractéristiques d'un feu ouvert et en fonction de cela, accélérer le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie (AL) par une augmentation d'une vitesse de balayage pour la détection du signal de capteur (BS) du capteur d'incendie (5), par une baisse d'une durée de filtrage (Tfilter), en particulier une constante de temps, d'un filtre d'évaluation (41) pour l'analyse d'incendie et/ou par une baisse d'un seuil d'alarme (LEV).
  2. Détecteur d'incendie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour supprimer le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie (AL) en se basant uniquement sur des fréquences de scintillement caractéristique détectées dans le photosignal (PD) reçu.
  3. Détecteur d'incendie selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la photodiode (6, 6') est une photodiode de silicium.
  4. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel est monté en amont de la photodiode (6, 6'), un filtre d'arrêt de lumière naturelle qui ne laisse passer que de la lumière dans une plage de 700 à 1150 nm, en particulier de 730 à 1100 nm.
  5. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le détecteur d'incendie est un détecteur de fumées à lumière diffuse, dans lequel le détecteur de fumées à lumière diffuse présente un boîtier (2), un support de circuit (3), un photoémetteur (S) et un photorécepteur (E), dans lequel le photoémetteur (S) et le photorécepteur (E) sont disposés dans le boîtier (2), dans lequel le photoémetteur (S) et le photorécepteur (E) sont disposés dans un agencement de lumière diffuse (SA) avec un centre de lumière diffuse (SZ) reposant hors du détecteur de fumées à lumière diffuse, dans lequel l'agencement de lumière diffuse (SA) forme le capteur d'incendie avec le photoémetteur (S) et le photorécepteur (E) et dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour analyser un signal de lumière diffuse reçu du capteur d'incendie en tant que signal de capteur (BS) quant à un niveau de signal élevé non autorisé en tant que grandeur caractéristique d'incendie et/ou quant à une vitesse d'augmentation élevée non autorisée du signal de capteur (BS) en tant qu'autre grandeur caractéristique d'incendie, et en cas d'incendie détecté, déclencher une alarme incendie (AL).
  6. Détecteur d'incendie selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le photorécepteur (E) pour la détection de lumière diffuse et la photodiode (6) pour la détection de lumière environnante sont réalisés en tant que photodiode (6, 6') commune.
  7. Détecteur d'incendie selon la revendication 6, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour analyser le photosignal/signal de lumière diffuse (BS, PD) reçu de la photodiode (6') commune en deux phases séparées temporellement, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour analyser le photosignal/signal de lumière diffuse (BS, PD) reçu dans une première phase respective quant à un niveau de signal élevé non autorisé et/ou une vitesse d'augmentation élevée non autorisée et ainsi conçue pour analyser le photosignal/signal de lumière diffuse (BS, PD) reçu dans une deuxième phase respective quant à la présence de fréquences de scintillement caractéristiques.
  8. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour déterminer une première composante continue (OFFSET) à partir du photosignal/signal de lumière diffuse (BS, PD) reçu et est en outre conçue pour soustraire cette première composante continue (OFFSET) du photosignal/signal de lumière diffuse (BS, PD) reçu pour obtenir un photosignal/signal de lumière diffuse (AC) essentiellement exempt de composante continue.
  9. Détecteur d'incendie selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour comparer la première composante continue (OFFSET) déterminée à une valeur de saturation prédéfinie et émettre un message de défaut (ST) si la première composante continue (OFFSET) déterminée dépasse la valeur de saturation pendant une durée minimale prédéfinie.
  10. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour déterminer une deuxième composante continue (H/D) à partir du photosignal/signal de lumière diffuse (BS, PD) reçu qui représente une valeur de clarté moyennée sur longue durée, et dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est en outre conçue pour surveiller cette deuxième composante continue (H/D) quant à un dépassement en-deça d'une valeur minimale de clarté ainsi qu'en fonction de cela, baisser un seuil d'alarme (LEV) pour le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie (AL).
  11. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le détecteur d'incendie est un détecteur de fumées à lumière diffuse, lequel présente en tant que capteur d'incendie, une chambre de mesure (10) optique disposée dans un boîtier de détecteur (2) blindée contre la lumière environnante et perméable pour de la fumée à détecter, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour analyser un signal de lumière diffuse reçu de la chambre de mesure (10) en tant que signal de capteur (BS) quant à un niveau de signal élevé non autorisé en tant que grandeur caractéristique d'incendie et/ou une vitesse d'augmentation élevée non autorisée du signal de capteur (BS) en tant qu'autre grandeur caractéristique d'incendie, et en cas d'incendie détecté, déclencher une alarme incendie (AL).
  12. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le détecteur d'incendie présente un capteur de température (5), en particulier une thermistance pour détecter une température environnante (UT) dans la zone directement autour du détecteur d'incendie et dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour prendre en compte la température environnante (UT) détectée lors de l'analyse d'incendie.
  13. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le détecteur d'incendie est un détecteur exclusivement thermique avec un capteur de température (5) en tant que capteur d'incendie (5), dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour analyser un signal de température reçu du capteur de température (5) en tant que signal de capteur (BS) quant à une température environnante (UT) élevée non autorisée en tant qu'autre grandeur caractéristique d'incendie et/ou une augmentation de température élevée non autorisée en tant qu'autre grandeur caractéristique d'incendie et en cas d'incendie détecté, déclencher une alarme incendie (AL) .
  14. Détecteur d'incendie selon la revendication 13, dans lequel le capteur de température (5) est un capteur de température fonctionnant sans contact qui comprend un détecteur de rayonnement thermique pour un rayonnement thermique (W) sensible dans la plage d'infrarouges, en particulier une pile thermo-électrique ou un microbolomètre, dans lequel le détecteur d'incendie présente un boîtier de détecteur (2) avec un capot de détecteur (22), dans lequel le capteur de rayonnement thermique (6) est disposé dans le boîtier de détecteur (2) et est aligné visuellement sur la face intérieure (IS) du capot de détecteur (22) pour dériver par calcul la température environnante (UT), et dans lequel le capot de détecteur (22) est conçu au niveau de la face intérieure (IS) en conductivité thermique vers une partie opposée de la face extérieure du capot de détecteur (22) de telle sorte que la température de boîtier (T) qui se règle sur la face intérieure (IS) suit la température environnante (UT) sur la partie opposée du capot de détecteur (22).
  15. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour abaisser un seuil d'alarme (LEV) pour déclencher une alarme incendie (AL) afin d'accélérer le déclenchement d'une alarme incendie (AL) si la présence de fréquences de scintillement caractéristiques d'un feu ouvert a été détectée.
  16. Détecteur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications 11 à 15, dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour surveiller le photosignal (PD) émis par la photodiode (6) quant à un dépassement en-deça d'une valeur minimale de clarté et est conçue pour baisser un seuil d'alarme (LEV) pour le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie (AL).
  17. Détecteur d'incendie selon la revendication 16, dans lequel le détecteur d'incendie est raccordé par liaison filaire ou sans fil à une centrale maître et dans lequel l'unité de commande (4) est conçue pour transmettre à la centrale le dépassement en-delà et en-deça du niveau minimal de clarté en tant qu'identificateur jour/nuit (T/N).
EP17720811.3A 2016-05-13 2017-05-03 Détecteur d'incendie doté d'une photodiode pour détecter la lumière ambiante, de sorte à accélérer le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie en fonction du résultat Active EP3455837B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016208358.9A DE102016208358B3 (de) 2016-05-13 2016-05-13 Brandmelder, insbesondere thermischer Melder, mit einer Photodiode zur Erfassung von Umgebungslicht, um davon abhängig die Ausgabe eines möglichen Brandalarms zu beschleunigen
DE102016208359.7A DE102016208359B3 (de) 2016-05-13 2016-05-13 Brandmelder, insbesondere geschlossener Streulichtrauchmelder, mit einer separaten Photodiode zur Erfassung von Umgebungslicht, um davon abhängig die Ausgabe eines möglichen Brandalarms zu beschleunigen
DE102016208357.0A DE102016208357A1 (de) 2016-05-13 2016-05-13 Brandmelder, insbesondere offener Streulichtrauchmelder, mit einer Photodiode zur Erfassung von Umgebungslicht, um davon abhängig den optischen Signalpfad bei der Streulicht-Brandanalyse zu beschleunigen
PCT/EP2017/060526 WO2017194367A1 (fr) 2016-05-13 2017-05-03 Détecteur d'incendie doté d'une photodiode pour détecter la lumière ambiante, de sorte à accélérer le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie en fonction du résultat

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3455837A1 EP3455837A1 (fr) 2019-03-20
EP3455837B1 true EP3455837B1 (fr) 2020-03-11

Family

ID=58664719

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17720811.3A Active EP3455837B1 (fr) 2016-05-13 2017-05-03 Détecteur d'incendie doté d'une photodiode pour détecter la lumière ambiante, de sorte à accélérer le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie en fonction du résultat

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US10467874B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3455837B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109155097B (fr)
WO (1) WO2017194367A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109155097B (zh) 2016-05-13 2020-10-09 西门子瑞士有限公司 具有用于感测环境光的光电二极管以基于其来加速发出潜在火警报的火检测器
EP3454311B1 (fr) * 2017-09-08 2020-06-10 Tyco Fire & Security GmbH Détecteur de fumée sans chambre
EP3704679A1 (fr) * 2017-10-30 2020-09-09 Carrier Corporation Compensateur dans un dispositif détecteur
US20190293556A1 (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-09-26 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Protective cover for chamberless point sensor
WO2019189128A1 (fr) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-03 ホーチキ株式会社 Dispositif de détection d'incendie
US11430313B2 (en) * 2018-05-31 2022-08-30 Autronica Fire & Security As Printed circuit board for smoke detector
CN208737642U (zh) * 2018-07-12 2019-04-12 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 烟雾报警系统
US11137331B2 (en) 2018-08-21 2021-10-05 Viavi Solutions Inc. Multispectral sensor based alert condition detector
CN110428574B (zh) * 2019-08-11 2021-12-31 南京中消安全技术有限公司 一种烟雾探测器及其烟雾探测方法
US11676466B2 (en) 2020-08-19 2023-06-13 Honeywell International Inc. Self-calibrating fire sensing device
CN112150751B (zh) * 2020-08-27 2023-07-07 福建信通慧安科技有限公司 一种火灾探测器、网关及火灾预警系统
US11735020B2 (en) * 2021-08-24 2023-08-22 Mara Christine Drummond Combined heat-smoke detector with a shielding controlled by a thermal bolt containing a thermal element changing its state at a threshold temperature
CN115206050B (zh) * 2022-07-15 2023-08-01 江苏稻源科技集团有限公司 一种烟雾报警装置
KR102522696B1 (ko) * 2023-01-20 2023-04-17 주식회사엘디티 연기에 따라 화재를 감지하는 화재감지기 및 스위치를 구비한 화재 감지 시스템

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4491406A (en) * 1979-12-31 1985-01-01 Polaroid Corporation Method and apparatus employing dual photocells for removing spectral filter during strobe pulse
JP2000504132A (ja) * 1996-01-29 2000-04-04 エンゲルハード センサー テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド 火災検知基準のダイナミックな調整方法
US5995008A (en) * 1997-05-07 1999-11-30 Detector Electronics Corporation Fire detection method and apparatus using overlapping spectral bands
EP1039426A3 (fr) 1999-03-22 2001-01-31 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad Kg Dispositif pour détecter de la fumée
ATE293821T1 (de) * 2001-02-14 2005-05-15 Infrared Integrated Syst Ltd Brandmelder
US7436038B2 (en) * 2002-02-05 2008-10-14 E-Phocus, Inc Visible/near infrared image sensor array
JP4344269B2 (ja) * 2004-03-30 2009-10-14 能美防災株式会社 火災感知器およびその状態情報取得システム
US7746236B2 (en) * 2007-05-01 2010-06-29 Honeywell International Inc. Fire detection system and method
PL2093734T3 (pl) 2008-02-19 2011-11-30 Siemens Ag Czujka dymu z oceną czasową sygnału rozproszenia wstecznego, sposób testowania funkcjonalności czujki dymu
US7786877B2 (en) * 2008-06-20 2010-08-31 Billy Hou Multi-wavelength video image fire detecting system
EP2227068A1 (fr) 2009-03-06 2010-09-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Emission variable de rayonnements électromagnétiques à l'aide de sources de rayonnement doubles
EP2251846B1 (fr) 2009-05-13 2017-04-05 Minimax GmbH & Co KG Détecteur de flammes
CN102713540A (zh) * 2009-12-09 2012-10-03 松下电器产业株式会社 红外线式火焰检测器
US8704262B2 (en) * 2011-08-11 2014-04-22 Goldeneye, Inc. Solid state light sources with common luminescent and heat dissipating surfaces
EP2565857B1 (fr) * 2011-09-01 2017-05-31 Siemens Schweiz AG Procédé et système d'évaluation de la position de sécurité dans un bâtiment doté de zones d'attente avec autorisation d'accès
DE102011083455A1 (de) 2011-09-26 2012-09-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verschmutzungsüberwachung einer Schutzscheibe bei einem Flammenmelder mittels fächerartig in die Schutzscheibe eingekoppelten Lichts bei mehrfacher Totalreflexion
EP2688274A1 (fr) 2012-07-18 2014-01-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Périphérique de communication mobile avec un application d'alarme incendie utilisable dessus et une application d'alarme incendie téléchargeable d'un portail de vente sur Internet
DE102012213125A1 (de) 2012-07-26 2014-01-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandüberwachungssystem
PL2775465T3 (pl) * 2013-03-06 2018-01-31 Siemens Schweiz Ag Detektor zagrożenia z pracującym bezdotykowo czujnikiem promieniowania cieplnego do określania temperatury otoczenia
US9179105B1 (en) * 2014-09-15 2015-11-03 Belkin International, Inc. Control of video camera with privacy feedback
US9627424B2 (en) * 2014-11-19 2017-04-18 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Photodiodes for ambient light sensing and proximity sensing
CN109155097B (zh) 2016-05-13 2020-10-09 西门子瑞士有限公司 具有用于感测环境光的光电二极管以基于其来加速发出潜在火警报的火检测器

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190180590A1 (en) 2019-06-13
EP3455837A1 (fr) 2019-03-20
US10467874B2 (en) 2019-11-05
CN109155097A (zh) 2019-01-04
CN109155097B (zh) 2020-10-09
WO2017194367A1 (fr) 2017-11-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3455837B1 (fr) Détecteur d'incendie doté d'une photodiode pour détecter la lumière ambiante, de sorte à accélérer le déclenchement d'une éventuelle alarme incendie en fonction du résultat
EP2603907B1 (fr) Évaluation de signaux de lumière diffusée dans le cas d'un avertisseur optique de danger, et émission d'un avertissement de présence de poussière /vapeur ou d'une alarme incendie
EP1550093B1 (fr) Detecteur de fumees
DE102008001391A1 (de) Brandmeldervorrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Branddetektion
EP2407949B1 (fr) Source lumineuse auxiliaire en forme annulaire
US9530074B2 (en) Flame detection system and method
DE102016208357A1 (de) Brandmelder, insbesondere offener Streulichtrauchmelder, mit einer Photodiode zur Erfassung von Umgebungslicht, um davon abhängig den optischen Signalpfad bei der Streulicht-Brandanalyse zu beschleunigen
DE102008001383A1 (de) Detektionsvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Detektion von Bränden und/oder von Brandmerkmalen
JP5876347B2 (ja) 水素火炎可視化装置および方法
DE1960218A1 (de) Temperaturstrahlungsdetektor zur automatischen Brandentdeckung oder Flammenueberwachung
US7154400B2 (en) Fire detection method
WO1995033248A1 (fr) Detecteur infrarouge d'intrusion actif
EP1071931B1 (fr) Dispositif detecteur et procede destine au fonctionnement d'un dispositif detecteur
DE102016208359B3 (de) Brandmelder, insbesondere geschlossener Streulichtrauchmelder, mit einer separaten Photodiode zur Erfassung von Umgebungslicht, um davon abhängig die Ausgabe eines möglichen Brandalarms zu beschleunigen
US5245196A (en) Infrared flame sensor responsive to infrared radiation
DE102016208358B3 (de) Brandmelder, insbesondere thermischer Melder, mit einer Photodiode zur Erfassung von Umgebungslicht, um davon abhängig die Ausgabe eines möglichen Brandalarms zu beschleunigen
DE10210470B4 (de) Beleuchtungsanordnung
EP2758948B1 (fr) Détecteur d'incendie avec ensemble de capteurs
WO2014180773A1 (fr) Détecteur d'incendie
WO2023174641A1 (fr) Détecteur d'incendie à thermistances non chauffées, en particulier ntc, pour la capture de fluctuations thermiques dans la région des ouvertures d'entrée, et procédé correspondant
KR20020023577A (ko) 적외선 감지장치
KR200227878Y1 (ko) 적외선 감지장치
DE4435336A1 (de) Verfahren zur Steuerung von Video-Überwachungsanlagen
JPH04175998A (ja) 監視装置
JPS6255199B2 (fr)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20181016

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20191127

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1262292

Country of ref document: HK

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1244095

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200315

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502017004211

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200611

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200611

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200612

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200711

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200805

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502017004211

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20201214

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20200531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200503

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200503

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200531

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20210525

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20210802

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200311

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220531

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220531

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230523

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 1244095

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220503

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220503

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220503

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20230511

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230515

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20220620

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230605

Year of fee payment: 7