EP3452874A1 - Timepiece hairspring - Google Patents

Timepiece hairspring

Info

Publication number
EP3452874A1
EP3452874A1 EP17721468.1A EP17721468A EP3452874A1 EP 3452874 A1 EP3452874 A1 EP 3452874A1 EP 17721468 A EP17721468 A EP 17721468A EP 3452874 A1 EP3452874 A1 EP 3452874A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
spiral
relief angle
flanks
spiral according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17721468.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3452874B1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric Maier
Jean-Luc Bucaille
Jean-Pierre Musy
Sylvain Jeanneret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Patek Philippe SA Geneve
Original Assignee
Patek Philippe SA Geneve
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patek Philippe SA Geneve filed Critical Patek Philippe SA Geneve
Publication of EP3452874A1 publication Critical patent/EP3452874A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3452874B1 publication Critical patent/EP3452874B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spiral intended to be associated with a balance to form an oscillator (regulating member) of a watch movement.
  • the present invention aims to remedy this drawback or at least to mitigate it, and proposes for this purpose a hairspring according to claim 1 and a spiral manufacturing method according to claim 9.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view showing a hairspring according to a particular embodiment of the invention, with its shell, and a clamp for fixing the outer end of the hairspring;
  • Figure 2 is a radial section through three adjacent turns of the spiral shown in Figure 1.
  • a hairspring 1 is intended to be mounted on a balance shaft A by means of a shell 2 to form with the balance the oscillator of a watch movement.
  • the hairspring 1 consists of a blade 3 wound in a spiral from an inner end 4 joined to the ferrule 2 to an outer end 5 to be fixed to the frame of the movement through one or more organs.
  • the outer end 5 of the blade 3 is extended by a rigid attachment portion 6 which is held by a clamp 7 mounted on the frame of the movement, as described in EP 178061 1 of the applicant.
  • the outer end 5 could however be fixed to the frame in another way, for example by means of a traditional stud.
  • the assembly comprising the blade 3, the ferrule 2 and the rigid fixing portion 6 may be monolithic, as shown, and be made of silicon by deep reactive ion etching (DRIE).
  • the average plane in which the blade 3 is wound is designated by P in FIG. 2.
  • This average plane P is located at mid-height between an upper surface 8 and a lower surface 9 of the blade 3, surfaces 8, 9 which typically are flat and parallel.
  • This mean plane P passes through the two flanks 10, 1 1 of the blade 3 which each connect the upper surface 8 to the lower surface 9.
  • These two flanks 10, 1 1 are rectilinear in radial section, that is to say in a plane containing the imaginary oscillation axis O of the spiral 1, and have a low roughness.
  • the flanks 10, 1 1 of the blade 3, in radial section are not perpendicular to the average plane P but are each inclined by a draft angle a (visible only in FIG. equal to 2.5 °, preferably greater than or equal to 3 °, more preferably greater than or equal to 4 °, more preferably greater than or equal to 5 ° and typically between 2.5 ° and 20 °, more particularly between 2.5 ° and 6 °, giving the radial section of the blade 3 a trapezoidal shape.
  • a draft angle a visible only in FIG. equal to 2.5 °, preferably greater than or equal to 3 °, more preferably greater than or equal to 4 °, more preferably greater than or equal to 5 ° and typically between 2.5 ° and 20 °, more particularly between 2.5 ° and 6 °, giving the radial section of the blade 3 a trapezoidal shape.
  • the flanks 10, 1 1 thus form, in radial section, an angle ⁇ greater than or equal to 5 °, preferably greater than or equal to 6 °, more preferably greater than or equal to 8 °, more preferably greater than or equal to at 10 °, and typically between 5 ° and 40 °, more particularly between 5 ° and 12 °.
  • Such angles can be obtained by adjusting the parameters of the DRIE method, in particular the ratio between the etching and passivation times.
  • each flank of the monolithic assembly 2, 3, 6 can be tilted from the draft angle a.
  • the present invention does not exclude, however, that the draft angle has differed from one flank to another.
  • the turns of the hairspring 1 can move radially and touch.
  • the contact between the turns can not be plane, unless the turns twist.
  • the absence of plane contact over a sufficient height prevents the turns from adhering to each other.
  • the higher the draft angle the more difficult it is for the turns to twist sufficiently.
  • the risk of gluing the turns together is thus reduced.
  • the present invention also reduces the risk of bonding between the first turn and the ferrule 2 and between the last turn and the clamp 7 or other fastener to the frame of the movement, in case of shock or mishandling.
  • Another advantage of the hairspring according to the present invention is that, thanks to its straight flanks 10, 11, it is relatively easy to manufacture.
  • the present invention is applicable to other materials than silicon, for example silicon carbide, boron nitride, glasses, ceramics or diamond, and other manufacturing processes.
  • the DRIE engraving for example laser machining, molding, etc.
  • the spiral according to the invention may be coated with one or more layers, for example a silicon oxide layer in the case of a silicon spiral.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hairspring for a timepiece oscillator comprising a blade (3) forming a plurality of turns according to a mean plane (P). The blade (3) comprises an upper surface (8), a lower surface (9) and first and second opposing flanks (10, 11), crossed by the mean plane (P) and each extending from the upper surface (8) to the lower surface (9). On at least one portion of the length of the blade (3) the first and second flanks (10, 11), in a radial section, are straight and tilted by a relief angle (a) of at least 2.5° so as to reduce the risk of the turns adhering together in the event of a shock or incorrect manipulation.

Description

Spiral d'horlogerie  Watchmaking spiral

La présente invention concerne un spiral destiné à être associé à un balancier pour former un oscillateur (organe réglant) d'un mouvement horloger. The present invention relates to a spiral intended to be associated with a balance to form an oscillator (regulating member) of a watch movement.

Les nouvelles techniques de fabrication utilisées dans l'horlogerie, telles que la gravure ionique réactive profonde (DRIE), et les nouveaux matériaux, tels que le silicium, permettent l'obtention de composants de très grande qualité. Ces avancées technologiques ont contribué à améliorer la précision, le rendement et la robustesse des mécanismes horlogers. Cependant, dans le cas des spiraux, on a constaté un risque de collage des spires entre elles lors de chocs reçus par le mouvement ou de mauvaises manipulations au montage. Ce risque tient probablement à l'excellent état de surface des flancs du spiral. Dès que deux spires se touchent sous l'effet d'un choc ou d'une mauvaise manipulation, leurs flancs en contact peuvent facilement adhérer l'un à l'autre car ils sont lisses.  New manufacturing techniques used in watchmaking, such as deep reactive ion etching (DRIE), and new materials, such as silicon, make it possible to obtain very high quality components. These technological advances have helped to improve the accuracy, efficiency and robustness of watchmaking mechanisms. However, in the case of spirals, there has been a risk of sticking the turns together during impacts received by the movement or mishandling assembly. This risk is probably due to the excellent surface condition of the flanks of the hairspring. As soon as two turns touch one another under the effect of shock or mishandling, their flanks in contact can easily adhere to each other because they are smooth.

La présente invention vise à remédier à cet inconvénient ou au moins à l'atténuer, et propose à cette fin un spiral selon la revendication 1 et un procédé de fabrication de spiral selon la revendication 9.  The present invention aims to remedy this drawback or at least to mitigate it, and proposes for this purpose a hairspring according to claim 1 and a spiral manufacturing method according to claim 9.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée suivante faite en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés dans lesquels :  Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following detailed description given with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings in which:

- la figure 1 est une vue de dessus montrant un spiral selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, avec sa virole, et une pince de fixation de l'extrémité extérieure du spiral ;  - Figure 1 is a top view showing a hairspring according to a particular embodiment of the invention, with its shell, and a clamp for fixing the outer end of the hairspring;

- la figure 2 est une section radiale à travers trois spires adjacentes du spiral illustré à la figure 1 .  - Figure 2 is a radial section through three adjacent turns of the spiral shown in Figure 1.

En référence aux figures 1 et 2, un spiral 1 selon l'invention est destiné à être monté sur un axe de balancier A par l'intermédiaire d'une virole 2 pour former avec le balancier l'oscillateur d'un mouvement horloger. Le spiral 1 est constitué d'une lame 3 enroulée en spirale depuis une extrémité intérieure 4 jointe à la virole 2 jusqu'à une extrémité extérieure 5 destinée à être fixée au bâti du mouvement par l'intermédiaire d'un ou plusieurs organes. Dans l'exemple représenté, l'extrémité extérieure 5 de la lame 3 est prolongée par une partie rigide de fixation 6 qui est tenue par une pince 7 montée sur le bâti du mouvement, comme décrit dans le brevet EP 178061 1 de la demanderesse. L'extrémité extérieure 5 pourrait cependant être fixée au bâti d'une autre manière, par exemple au moyen d'un piton traditionnel. L'ensemble comprenant la lame 3, la virole 2 et la partie rigide de fixation 6 peut être monolithique, comme représenté, et être fabriqué en silicium par gravure ionique réactive profonde (DRIE). Le plan moyen dans lequel la lame 3 est enroulée est désigné par P à la figure 2. Ce plan moyen P est situé à mi-hauteur entre une surface supérieure 8 et une surface inférieure 9 de la lame 3, surfaces 8, 9 qui typiquement sont planes et parallèles. Ce plan moyen P traverse les deux flancs 10, 1 1 de la lame 3 qui relient chacun la surface supérieure 8 à la surface inférieure 9. Ces deux flancs 10, 1 1 sont rectilignes en section radiale, c'est-à-dire dans un plan contenant l'axe imaginaire d'oscillation O du spiral 1 , et présentent une faible rugosité. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a hairspring 1 according to the invention is intended to be mounted on a balance shaft A by means of a shell 2 to form with the balance the oscillator of a watch movement. The hairspring 1 consists of a blade 3 wound in a spiral from an inner end 4 joined to the ferrule 2 to an outer end 5 to be fixed to the frame of the movement through one or more organs. In the example shown, the outer end 5 of the blade 3 is extended by a rigid attachment portion 6 which is held by a clamp 7 mounted on the frame of the movement, as described in EP 178061 1 of the applicant. The outer end 5 could however be fixed to the frame in another way, for example by means of a traditional stud. The assembly comprising the blade 3, the ferrule 2 and the rigid fixing portion 6 may be monolithic, as shown, and be made of silicon by deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). The average plane in which the blade 3 is wound is designated by P in FIG. 2. This average plane P is located at mid-height between an upper surface 8 and a lower surface 9 of the blade 3, surfaces 8, 9 which typically are flat and parallel. This mean plane P passes through the two flanks 10, 1 1 of the blade 3 which each connect the upper surface 8 to the lower surface 9. These two flanks 10, 1 1 are rectilinear in radial section, that is to say in a plane containing the imaginary oscillation axis O of the spiral 1, and have a low roughness.

Conformément à l'invention, les flancs 10, 1 1 de la lame 3, en section radiale, ne sont pas perpendiculaires au plan moyen P mais sont chacun inclinés d'un angle de dépouille a (visible uniquement à la figure 2) supérieur ou égal à 2,5°, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 3°, de préférence encore supérieur ou égal à 4°, de préférence encore supérieur ou égal à 5° et typiquement compris entre 2,5° et 20°, plus particulièrement entre 2,5° et 6°, donnant à la section radiale de la lame 3 une forme trapézoïdale. Les flancs 10, 1 1 forment ainsi entre eux, en section radiale, un angle β supérieur ou égal à 5°, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 6°, de préférence encore supérieur ou égal à 8°, de préférence encore supérieur ou égal à 10°, et typiquement compris entre 5° et 40°, plus particulièrement entre 5° et 12°. De tels angles peuvent être obtenus en ajustant les paramètres du procédé DRIE, notamment le rapport entre les temps de gravure et de passivation. En pratique, chaque flanc de l'ensemble monolithique 2, 3, 6 peut être incliné de l'angle de dépouille a. La présente invention n'exclut toutefois pas que l'angle de dépouille a diffère d'un flanc à un autre. According to the invention, the flanks 10, 1 1 of the blade 3, in radial section, are not perpendicular to the average plane P but are each inclined by a draft angle a (visible only in FIG. equal to 2.5 °, preferably greater than or equal to 3 °, more preferably greater than or equal to 4 °, more preferably greater than or equal to 5 ° and typically between 2.5 ° and 20 °, more particularly between 2.5 ° and 6 °, giving the radial section of the blade 3 a trapezoidal shape. The flanks 10, 1 1 thus form, in radial section, an angle β greater than or equal to 5 °, preferably greater than or equal to 6 °, more preferably greater than or equal to 8 °, more preferably greater than or equal to at 10 °, and typically between 5 ° and 40 °, more particularly between 5 ° and 12 °. Such angles can be obtained by adjusting the parameters of the DRIE method, in particular the ratio between the etching and passivation times. In practice, each flank of the monolithic assembly 2, 3, 6 can be tilted from the draft angle a. The present invention does not exclude, however, that the draft angle has differed from one flank to another.

Dans le cas d'un choc ou d'une mauvaise manipulation, les spires du spiral 1 peuvent se déplacer radialement et se toucher. Toutefois, grâce à l'inclinaison des flancs 10, 1 1 , le contact entre les spires ne peut pas être plan, à moins que les spires se tordent. L'absence de contact plan sur une hauteur suffisante empêche les spires d'adhérer les unes aux autres. Plus l'angle de dépouille a est élevé, plus il est difficile pour les spires de se tordre suffisamment. Le risque de collage des spires entre elles est ainsi diminué. On notera que la présente invention permet également de réduire le risque de collage entre la première spire et la virole 2 et entre la dernière spire et la pince 7 ou autre organe de fixation au bâti du mouvement, en cas de choc ou de mauvaise manipulation. Un autre avantage du spiral selon la présente invention est que, grâce à ses flancs 10, 1 1 rectilignes, il est relativement facile à fabriquer.  In the case of shock or mishandling, the turns of the hairspring 1 can move radially and touch. However, thanks to the inclination of the flanks 10, 1 1, the contact between the turns can not be plane, unless the turns twist. The absence of plane contact over a sufficient height prevents the turns from adhering to each other. The higher the draft angle, the more difficult it is for the turns to twist sufficiently. The risk of gluing the turns together is thus reduced. Note that the present invention also reduces the risk of bonding between the first turn and the ferrule 2 and between the last turn and the clamp 7 or other fastener to the frame of the movement, in case of shock or mishandling. Another advantage of the hairspring according to the present invention is that, thanks to its straight flanks 10, 11, it is relatively easy to manufacture.

II va de soi que la présente invention est applicable à d'autres matériaux que le silicium, par exemple au carbure de silicium, au nitrure de bore, à des verres, à des céramiques ou au diamant, et à d'autres procédés de fabrication que la gravure DRIE, par exemple l'usinage laser, le moulage, etc. Le spiral selon l'invention peut être revêtu d'une ou plusieurs couches, par exemple d'une couche d'oxyde de silicium dans le cas d'un spiral en silicium.  It goes without saying that the present invention is applicable to other materials than silicon, for example silicon carbide, boron nitride, glasses, ceramics or diamond, and other manufacturing processes. as the DRIE engraving, for example laser machining, molding, etc. The spiral according to the invention may be coated with one or more layers, for example a silicon oxide layer in the case of a silicon spiral.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1 . Spiral pour oscillateur horloger comprenant une lame (3) formant plusieurs spires selon un plan moyen (P), la lame (3) comprenant une surface supérieure (8), une surface inférieure (9) et des premier et deuxième flancs (10, 1 1 ) opposés, traversés par le plan moyen (P) et s'étendant chacun de la surface supérieure (8) à la surface inférieure (9), caractérisé en ce que sur au moins une partie de la longueur de la lame (3) les premier et deuxième flancs (10, 1 1 ), en section radiale, sont rectilignes et inclinés d'un angle de dépouille (a) d'au moins 2,5°. 1. Clock oscillator spiral comprising a blade (3) forming a plurality of turns in a mean plane (P), the blade (3) comprising an upper surface (8), a lower surface (9) and first and second flanks (10, 1) 1) opposite, traversed by the middle plane (P) and each extending from the upper surface (8) to the lower surface (9), characterized in that on at least a part of the length of the blade (3) the first and second flanks (10, 1 1), in radial section, are rectilinear and inclined at a draft angle (a) of at least 2.5 °. 2. Spiral selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit angle de dépouille (a) est d'au moins 3°. 2. Spiral according to claim 1, characterized in that said relief angle (a) is at least 3 °. 3. Spiral selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit angle de dépouille (a) est d'au moins 4°. 3. Spiral according to claim 2, characterized in that said draft angle (a) is at least 4 °. 4. Spiral selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit angle de dépouille (a) est d'au moins 5°. 4. Spiral according to claim 3, characterized in that said relief angle (a) is at least 5 °. 5. Spiral selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit angle de dépouille (a) est d'au plus 20°. 5. Spiral according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said relief angle (a) is at most 20 °. 6. Spiral selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit angle de dépouille (a) est d'au plus 6°. 6. Spiral according to claim 5, characterized in that said relief angle (a) is at most 6 °. 7. Spiral selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit angle de dépouille (a) est le même pour les premier et deuxième flancs (10, 1 1 ). 7. Spiral according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said relief angle (a) is the same for the first and second sidewalls (10, 1 1). 8. Spiral selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé, au moins en partie, en silicium, en carbure de silicium, en nitrure de bore, en verre, en céramique ou en diamant. 8. Spiral according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made, at least in part, of silicon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, glass, ceramic or diamond. 9. Procédé de fabrication d'un spiral selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape de gravure ionique réactive profonde, ledit angle de dépouille (a) étant obtenu en ajustant des paramètres de l'étape de gravure ionique réactive profonde. 9. A method of manufacturing a hairspring according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a step of deep reactive ion etching, said relief angle (a) being obtained by adjusting parameters of the step deep reactive ion etching.
EP17721468.1A 2016-05-02 2017-04-26 Clock hairspring Active EP3452874B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16167917 2016-05-02
PCT/IB2017/052407 WO2017191533A1 (en) 2016-05-02 2017-04-26 Timepiece hairspring

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3452874A1 true EP3452874A1 (en) 2019-03-13
EP3452874B1 EP3452874B1 (en) 2020-06-10

Family

ID=55910166

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17721468.1A Active EP3452874B1 (en) 2016-05-02 2017-04-26 Clock hairspring

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EP (1) EP3452874B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017191533A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3418816B1 (en) * 2017-06-20 2019-10-16 Lakeview Innovation Ltd. Balance spring with lozenge section for a mechanical clockwork of a watch and method for producing said balance spring
WO2019103977A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 Firehouse Horology, Inc. Geometries for hairsprings for mechanical watches enabled by nanofabrication
EP4398046A1 (en) 2023-01-03 2024-07-10 Damasko Präzisionstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Optical measurement method for archimedean flat spirals and spiral spring with geometry optimized therefor
DE102023133827B4 (en) 2023-01-03 2024-12-05 Damasko Präzisionstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Optical measuring method for Archimedean flat spirals and spiral springs with optimized geometry

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH327796A (en) * 1954-02-22 1958-02-15 Horlogerie Suisse S A Asuag Flat hairspring
CH700805B1 (en) 2005-10-25 2010-10-29 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Device controller for a timepiece and watch movement comprising such a device.
KR20090103819A (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 니바록스-파 에스.에이. One-piece hairspring and method of manufacturing the same
CH704686B1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2016-06-30 Lvmh Swiss Mft Sa spring watchmaker wristwatch.
FR2992745B1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2015-03-27 Philippe Rhul SPIRAL GUIDE OF LIGHT, IN-SITU CONTROL SYSTEM OF A WATCHING MOVEMENT EQUIPPED WITH THIS SPIRAL, AND PORTABLE CONTROL DEVICE
EP2748684B1 (en) * 2012-08-07 2016-05-18 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Oscillating system for clock movements
EP2804054B1 (en) * 2013-05-17 2020-09-23 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Anti-adhesion device of a spiral on a bridge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3452874B1 (en) 2020-06-10
WO2017191533A1 (en) 2017-11-09

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