EP3450109A1 - Hammer device, preferably hand-held hammer device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hammer device (1), preferably a hand-held hammer device (1), with an impact mechanism (13), which is formed in the axial direction (A) along the longitudinal axis (X) on a tool (2), preferably a chisel (2) to be able to strike, and at least one impact energy storage element (18) which is adapted to receive a striking force (D) of the impact mechanism (13) in the axial direction (A) along the longitudinal axis (X) at least partially storing and at least partially as an impact force (D ') of the striking mechanism (13) in the counter-axial direction (B) along the longitudinal axis (X) again. The hammer device (1) is characterized by a striking force redirecting element (15) which is designed and arranged in the force flow between the percussion mechanism (13) and the impact energy storage element (18) or can be arranged so that the striking force (D) of the striking mechanism ( 13) in the axial direction (A) along the longitudinal axis (X) under at least partial, preferably complete, bypassing the tool (2) at least partially storing the impact energy storage element (18) can be discharged.

Description

The present invention relates to a hammer device, preferably a hand-held hammer device according to the preamble of patent claim 1, a tool for use in such a hammer device according to claim 13 and a hammer system with such a hammer device and with such a tool according to claim 16.

Various applications are known in which a tool is to be driven into a material. For example, it has been known since ancient times that a chisel or similar tool can be manually driven by a user into a rock or the like by means of a hammer. This is still known today, but devices such as e.g. Pneumatic hammers e.g. used in mining, road construction and other construction work, and in particular demolition work, which may be performed manually by an operator, but e.g. be powered by compressed air, electricity, hydraulic or petrol driven. Such devices can also be obtained from a machine such as be performed by an excavator in the execution of a hydraulic hammer.

A pneumatic hammer usually works in such a way that air is compressed by a compressor outside the compressed air hammer and is led over a sufficiently robust hose to the pneumatic hammer. There, the compressed air passes in operation on actuation of a valve by the operator via a valve mechanism and a controller in the working cylinder of the pneumatic hammer. A piston is accelerated by the incoming compressed air toward the bit tip and meets there on a hammer, which is commonly referred to as anvil, or on the tool directly. Due to the rapid braking of the piston, the impulse is transferred directly to the hammer on the striking piece or, in the case of execution without a hammer, directly on the tool. The impact energy thus reaches the tool, such as the chisel, which can thus be driven forwards into the workpiece, ie, along the longitudinal axis in the axial direction away from the piston or from the striking piece. The return of the piston in the starting position is carried out by redirected air from one or more holes on the cylinder side facing the tool. The combination of a high pulse energy transfer, small chisel tip and the attachment of the Pneumatic hammer can give a tremendous impact force, which can be exerted on the workpiece.

A disadvantage is the use of pneumatic hammers and other such hammer devices that a shock or a pulse can be performed only in an axial direction along the longitudinal axis. This restricts the use of hammers to applications which only require hammering in the axial direction.

A further disadvantage is that with pneumatic hammers and other such hammer devices it can happen that the tool, such as an impact tool, is deflected by an axial impact. the bit in the workpiece, e.g. in a rock can be fixed by clamping, so that the chisel can not be moved. If then the pneumatic hammer under pressure of the operator or by a device such as. by a machine such as e.g. operated by an excavator on, so this usually strengthens the existing clamping action. When the operator or device pulls on the striking hammer, it interrupts the transmission of impact energy from the piston to the workpiece, but does not significantly improve the breakage of the clamping tool bit. Also, the pneumatic hammer can thereby damage itself, as the piston exerts undamped shocks against its own cylinder or percussion gear housing.

The "freeing" of the fixed tool can then be e.g. only unfavorably by levering the hammer with or without simultaneous impact action to reduce the clamping action of the clamping material and to allow pulling the tool as a whole again.

Another disadvantage is that these leveraging liberation attempts with respect to the clamped tool both the tool very strong, often to break, claim as well as the hammer itself can wear out. In particular, the wear can affect the tool holding latch of the hammer.

In the extreme case, the release of the fixed tool must be done by other tools.

During this time of clamping, the pneumatic hammer may not be available for use.

Furthermore, the machining of the workpiece at this point must be interrupted during this time.

The DE 10 2016 101 675 A1 describes a hammer device with a striking mechanism, which is designed to act in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis striking a tool can. The hammer device has at least one impact energy storage device, which is designed to at least partially store an impact force of the percussion mechanism in the axial direction over the tool take and at least partially deliver as an impact force in the counter-axial direction back to the tool in the opposite direction. In this way, not only a hitting of the tool by the operator as the hammers handling person away, but also a hitting the tool to the operator are made possible. This can be used to machine a workpiece from behind and drive it toward the operator. As an example, an object fixed in the axial direction can be released again in the counter-axial direction by the tool.

In this case, the impact energy storage means is held by a releasable retaining element of the hammer device such that the impact energy storage means are in continuous or temporary contact with the percussion or spaced so axially of the percussion that a transfer of the impact force from the impact mechanism to the impact energy storage means can be completely avoided , As a result, either a purely axial impact of the tool as previously known and described above can be done or its impact force can be partially or completely converted to the impact energy storage means in a gegenaxialen setback of the tool.

In this way, the hammer device is the DE 10 2016 101 675 A1 Although suitable for an appropriate setting of the releasable holding element to convert an axial impact of the hammer mechanism partially or completely into a gegenaxialen setback of the tool to hit from behind against a workpiece can. However, a fixed tool must be solved even with such a hammer device by other techniques or tools, because in the hammer device of DE 10 2016 101 675 A1 just as in the known pneumatic hammers described above, there is always an axial impact force transmission from the striking mechanism to the tool, so that no movement of the tool can be produced in the case of a stuck tool.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hammer device of the type described in the opening paragraph, so that an impact force in the counter-axial direction can also be transmitted to a fixed tool of the hammer device. In particular, a hammer device of the type described above is to be provided, so that a stuck tool of the hammer device can be acted upon by an impact force of the hammer device in gegenaxialer direction to release the tool again. Alternatively or additionally, an alternative possibility for the hammer device of DE 10 2016 101 675 A1 be created to charge an impact energy storage element with kinetic energy, so that a movement of a tool can be effected exclusively in gegenaxialer direction, which allows by rigid coupling of objects to be solved to the tool, for example by means of suitable hook or gripping elements, this purely zugschlagend to loosen or remove materials or unfold forces. Furthermore, targeted vibrations with exciting forces in the axial and / or counter-axial direction should be achievable.

The object is achieved by a hammer device with the features of claim 1, by a tool with the features of claim 13 and by a hammer system with the features of claim 16. Advantageous developments are described in the subclaims.

Thus, the present invention relates to a hammer device such as a hammer. a pneumatic hammer. Preferably, this hammer device can be hand-guided, i. held and guided by a person as an operator in one hand or with both hands. However, the hammering device may also be controlled by a device such as e.g. by a machine such as e.g. be guided by an excavator. It is also conceivable for use in hammer systems in the field of natural gas production, oil production, geothermal energy and, in principle, in deep drilling applications, since here too combined axial and occasionally counter-axial impact functions are of interest.

The hammer device has an impact mechanism, which is designed to act in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis striking a tool can. The tool may be mounted in a tool holder of the hammer device, e.g. be received by means of a holding element, as will be described in more detail below. The tool can be exchanged or permanently taken up. The tool may preferably be a chisel, e.g. a striking fragmentation of e.g. Rock, masonry, concrete, asphalt or the like to be able to effect.

The hammer device furthermore has at least one impact energy storage element, which is designed to at least partially store a striking force of the percussion mechanism in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis and at least partially release it again as a striking force of the percussion mechanism in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis. Under a impact energy storage element is understood to mean any means which is able to absorb kinetic energy in the axial direction and at least partially, preferably as completely as possible to deliver again in the counter-axial direction. The impact energy storage element may preferably be an elastic means which can deflect the kinetic energy of the impact mechanism from the axial direction in the counter-axial direction.

The axial direction designates one of the two directions along the longitudinal axis of the hammer device; the counter axial direction denotes the opposite direction along the longitudinal axis of the hammer device.

The hammer device also has a Schlagkraftumleitungselement, which is formed and is arranged in the power flow between the hammer mechanism and the impact energy storage element or can be arranged so that the impact force of the percussion in the axial Direction under at least partial, preferably complete, bypassing the tool at least partially storing can be delivered to the impact energy storage element.

The present invention is based on the finding that a tool of a hammer device driven by blows with a striking force of the impact mechanism in the axial direction in a workpiece or in a material to be machined (Stemmschlag) and thereby if necessary. To free the set tool, i. release, an operator or machine, such as an excavator, which guide the hammer means and can for machining the workpiece in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, pull the hammer device for releasing the tool in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis of the workpiece away. However, on the one hand, the tensile forces may not be sufficient to free the tool of the hammer device. On the other hand, the tensile forces required for the liberation can damage the hammer device.

Therefore, it may be advantageous instead to apply blows in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis to the fixed tool in order to cancel the clamping action of the previous blows in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis again. However, this is usually not possible from the direction of the tool tip, because the tool tip stuck in the workpiece.

However, according to the present invention, blows in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis can be exerted on the tool by the hammering device itself, in order to prevent it, e.g. from a stuck position within a workpiece to free (pull). For this purpose, by means of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements the impact of the percussion in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis of the tool are passed into the impact energy storage element, so that the impact force stored there and can be discharged again in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis. In this case, the stored energy can be released both partially back to the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and the tool as well as completely and exclusively to the tool.

In this way, according to the invention, the impact force of the percussion mechanism, bypassing the tool, can be passed past the impact energy storage element and partially or completely transferred thereto in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis, so that the tool is driven in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis can. In this way, a tool that has been set by the use of the hammer device, also be released by the hammer device itself again. Thus, further laborious or improper techniques, tools and other aids can be dispensed with to free the set tool. This can reduce the expense of this measure and in particular the funds used from misuse or unnecessary wear or even before Keep breakage and significantly reduce the time of interruption of the machining of the workpiece at this point significantly.

It is furthermore advantageous that this effect can also be utilized with a tool movable in the direction along the longitudinal axis, in order thereby to effect a movement in a counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis in an alternative manner as from the hammer device of FIG DE 10 2016 101 675 A1 known to produce. However, if the tool is stuck, eg by being clamped in a workpiece, then the redirection of the impact force by the striking force diverting element past the stuck tool is the only known way of charging the impact force storage element with kinetic energy even in this position and thereby liberating blows in the counter-axial direction to exert on the workpiece along the longitudinal axis. In the hammer device of DE 10 2016 101 675 A1 this is not possible because it lacks the possibility of bypassing the tool.

The impact force diverting element can be arranged continuously between the percussion mechanism and the tool, so that in this case e.g. by a variable spacing of the impact force diverting element to the impact energy storage element, e.g. can be selected by the operator, whether by the Schlagkraftumleitungselement a transfer of the axial impact force of the percussion on the tool and or on the impact energy storage element should be made, as will be described in more detail below. Alternatively, however, the Schlagkraftumleitungselement can also be arranged outside the power flow between the percussion and the tool, if the tool is to be driven by the percussion by means of a Stemmschlags direct hitting the workpiece.

For exerting a pure pull stroke, the impact force redirecting element may e.g. by the operator e.g. longitudinal displacement of a holding element along the longitudinal axis in a direct contact with the percussion on one side and the impact energy storage element are placed on the opposite side, so that a power flow can be effected by the striking mechanism on the Schlagkraftumleitungselement on the tool over on the impact energy storage element the tool then after discharge of the impact energy storage element from the rear, ie in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis, strikingly driving. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to use the impact force diverting element to exert a pure draft when required, e.g. To introduce this function laterally to the longitudinal axis in the power flow between the hammer mechanism and the tool.

In this case, the redirection of the axial impact force of the percussion mechanism by means of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements completely past the tool on the one hand as a kickback function of a tool which is accommodated in the hammer device can be used to a releasing stuck tool from the workpiece. On the other hand, the kickback function of a tool may be used to achieve force application of the tool to a workpiece in a counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis, such as for loosening bolts, nails, chisels, drill pipe or the like, as with respect to the hammer device DE 10 2016 101 675 A1 described there. In this case, the tool can be coupled in a rigid design to the component to be detached, so that a good guidance of the tool during handling for releasing workpieces can be effected.

Furthermore, there is the possibility of partially exerting the axial impact force on the tool, so that this portion of the impact force of a hammer impact can be transmitted to a workpiece in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis, and at the same time to transfer the axial impact force partially storing on the impact energy storage element, so that then this proportion of the impact force of the impact of the impact mechanism can be used in gegenaxialer direction along the longitudinal axis, eg to safely remove the tool from the workpiece. In this way, a further function can be created to prevent sticking of the tool in the workpiece by Stemmschläge preventive by each Stemmschlag follows a draft. It may be preferable to supply a larger part to even the substantial portion of the kinetic energy of a blow of the striking mechanism the tool directly for the Stemmschlag and only to provide a comparatively small proportion of the kinetic energy of the impact of the percussion impact train. This can make the machining of the workpiece more effective, while at the same time the possibility of avoiding the sticking can be used.

It is also advantageous in this possibility that the spacing between the impact force diverting element and the impact energy storage element can be used to influence the penetration depth of the impact stroke. This makes it possible to predetermine the Stemmschlagtiefe for an exact machining of a workpiece. This can increase the quality of the processing.

In any case, however, the hammer device according to the invention is preferably designed to offer the functions of the partial and / or the complete draft in addition to the Stemmschlag. In other words, the hammer device according to the invention is preferably designed to be able to exert sole stoppers on a workpiece in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis as well as sole pulls on a workpiece from behind in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis as well as on a tool stuck in a workpiece. Furthermore, the possibility may additionally be created in addition to implement a stroke of the impact mechanism in a Stemmschlag followed by a draft. In this way, the hammer device according to the invention as hitherto known for the practice of pure Stemmschläge used and by the optional possibility for the exercise of complete or partial Zugschläge and preferably further extended by combined Stemm- / Zugschläge to additional functions.

The at least partial or optional bypass of the tool with regard to the force flow between the impact mechanism and the impact energy storage element by the Schlagkraftumleitungselement can be done by each body, which is arranged and designed, a kinetic energy of an axial impact of the percussion partially or completely instead of the tool on the To transfer impact storage element, so that a previously described train impact can be exercised.

This body or a plurality of bodies, as will be described in more detail below, may be formed as a one-piece or one-piece component of the impact-force diverting element and / or as a component of the impact energy storage element or as an element separate therefrom and arranged at least in sections along the longitudinal axis his. A one-piece and a separate training can allow a separate production of the body, which can simplify the production. This also allows different materials for the body, the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and or or the impact energy storage element can be used, which can increase the design freedom of the body and elements. A one-piece design can simplify manufacturing because the body may be formed prior to assembly as part of the impact diverter element or the impact energy storage element, which may save at least one assembly step and improve the strength of the connection between the body and the element. The latter can increase the longevity of the compound just because of the impulsive loads by the impact forces.

Preferably, a tool can be received by the hammer device along the longitudinal axis and the body is spaced along the longitudinal axis, in particular radially spaced. As a result, a power transmission and a power line on the outside of the tool done over, whereby the most uniform power transmission can be achieved. This can be achieved in particular by the use of several bodies distributed around the longitudinal axis, preferably in the circumferential direction, or with a body closed around the longitudinal axis, preferably in the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the percussion is by means of compressed air, by means of pressurized fluid, by means of a fuel-powered drive such as by means of a gasoline engine and or or operated electromechanically. As a result, different variants of drive means can be used. When operated with compressed air or pressurized fluid percussion can impact on the tool in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis by means of a movable piston or impact mechanism and in the gegenaxialen Direction along the longitudinal axis by at least one charged in the previous blow impact energy storage element be effected.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the striking force redirecting member is configured to receive, in the direction along the longitudinal axis on one side, the striking force of the striking mechanism in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis, and the striking force redirecting member is further formed in the direction along the longitudinal axis on the opposite side Impact force of the percussion in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis of the tool and or or to the impact energy storage element. In this way, via the Schlagkraftumleitungselement a distribution of the absorbed axial impact force done to the effect that the axial impact force can be forwarded either completely to a recorded tool or completely to the impact energy storage element. As a result, either a pure Stemmschlag or a pure draft can be exercised by the tool. Alternatively, a distribution of the axial impact force on the tool and the impact energy storage element can be carried out, which can lead to exercise first a Stemmschlags the tool with parallel charging of the impact energy storage element and subsequent draft in gegenaxial direction along the longitudinal axis (combined Stemm- / Zugschlag), such as previously described.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the impact-force redirecting element and / or the impact-energy-storing element are formed at least in sections in the direction along the longitudinal axis, at least in sections extending past the tool, preferably in parallel. In this way, a spatial bypass of the tool by either the Schlagkraftumleitungselement or only the impact energy storage element or partially achieved both by the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and by the impact energy storage element, so that by a contacting contact between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and the impact energy storage element, a transmission of kinetic energy Impact stroke in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis can be done to charge the impact energy storage element with this kinetic energy, which can then be discharged again in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis.

By the distance traveled to the contact touching contact, which can be achieved by the measure of the distance between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and the impact energy storage element in the direction along the longitudinal axis or by avoiding such a distance, the degree of transmission of the kinetic energy, if necessary ., In the first case, a combined Stemmschlag with subsequent draft and in the second case can perform a pure draft.

Avoiding this contacting contact to make a stamper of the tool can also avoid transmission of the kinetic energy of an impact stroke in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis from the impact diverter to the impact storage element, which may be required to maximize the kinetic energy of a shock to transfer the impact mechanism to the tool. This can be achieved by a correspondingly large distance between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and the impact energy storage element in the direction along the longitudinal axis.

It can be advantageous if the impact-force diverting element and / or the impact-force storage element preferably extend parallel to the tool in order to be able to realize the properties described above in as small a space as possible.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the impact-force redirecting element and / or the impact-energy storage element has at least sections at least one web, preferably a plurality of webs, which extends or at least partially past the tool, preferably in parallel, past or behind extend. In this way, a power transmission to the tool over done by means of the smallest possible space. This may be the case in particular when using only one web. In this case, a web can be understood to mean a body extending in the direction along the longitudinal axis, which is viewed only in sections in the circumferential direction of the tool. This may be sufficient for the achievement of the properties described above. In this case, the web can be completely formed as part of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements or completely as part of the impact energy storage element or partially as a respective component or as an independent component or as separate components. Furthermore, for the reasons already explained above, the web can be formed in one piece and preferably in one piece with the impact force diverting element or with the impact energy storage element.

Preferably, to use a plurality of webs may be advantageous because in the circumferential direction around the longitudinal axis around a more uniform force transmission and distribution of forces can be done. As a result, the impulsive loads between the contact partners can be distributed more evenly. This can save the impact diverting element and the impact energy storage element and increase its longevity. Furthermore, this may be e.g. Canting the Schlagkraftumleitungselements and or or the impact energy storage element can be avoided.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the impact force diverting element and / or the impact energy storage element has, at least in sections, at least one pair, preferably a plurality of pairs, diametrically opposite the longitudinal axis of opposite webs, which or which extend or extend at least in sections on the tool, preferably in parallel. Through a pair of webs the advantages already described above can be used by multiple webs. However, these webs of the pair to arrange diametrically opposite to the longitudinal axis can help to achieve as even as possible force transmission and force distribution with as few webs in favor of the reduced space, so that the advantages described hereby can be achieved. This applies correspondingly to the use of several pairs diametrically opposed to the longitudinal axis of opposite webs, said pairs of webs preferably in the circumferential direction evenly distributed and spaced from each other to further increase these advantages with the least possible number of pairs of webs.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the impact-force redirecting element and / or the impact-energy storage element has at least sections at least one body circumferentially closed about the longitudinal axis, preferably at least one annular body and / or a polygonal, preferably hexagonal, body, which at least partially extends past the tool, preferably in parallel.

By such a body, a correspondingly uniform distribution of forces and forces can be transmitted in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, a very stable body for the pulse-like power transmission can be provided, so that e.g. can be dispensed with lateral guide elements in the circumferential direction between individual webs. Also, in a one-piece design, the assembly can be simplified because only a single body must be mounted on the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and or or on the impact energy storage element.

In this case, the body can be completely formed as part of the impact-force diverting element or completely as part of the impact-energy storage element or partially as a respective component or as an independent component or as separate components. Furthermore, for the reasons already explained above, the body may be formed integrally and preferably integrally with the impact-force diverting element or with the impact-force-storing element.

The formation of a ring in the form of a body can be advantageous in order to create a body that is as cost-effective as possible, which can be produced, for example, as a turning time. Alternatively, however, a square and in particular a hexagonal, ie hexagonal, body can be used, which can accommodate the tool against rotation with its inner contour. An angular body can be more expensive to manufacture and therefore more expensive, yet prevent rotation of the tool about the longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the hammer device preferably has a tool holder, which is formed correspondingly angular.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the impact force redirecting element has a contact surface facing the impact energy storage element in the direction along the longitudinal axis, and the impact energy storage element has a first contact surface facing the impact force redirecting element in the direction along the longitudinal axis with the contact surface of the impact force redirecting element being the impact force the percussion in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis to be transmitted by contact with the first contact surface of the impact energy storage element. In this way, a sufficient planar transmission capability can be created to transmit the momentum of the axial impact force of the hammer mechanism of the Schlagkraftumleitungselement on the impact energy storage element. In this case, the two contact surfaces may preferably be arranged in such a way to each other, i. their coverage in contact in the direction along the longitudinal axis be dimensioned such that the pulse-like impact force of each application can be effectively transferred. At the same time, the contact surfaces can be dimensioned sufficiently large that a longevity of the contact surfaces or their elements can be achieved even with prolonged use.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the impact energy storage element in the direction along the longitudinal axis of the tool facing a second contact surface, wherein the second contact surface of the impact energy storage element is formed, the impact force of the striking mechanism in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis by contact with a contact surface of the tool , Preferably on a contact surface of a radial projection of the tool to transmit. As a result, the same properties and advantages can be achieved with respect to the tool as described above.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the impact energy storing member is configured to be spaced apart in a first position from the striking force redirecting member in the direction along the longitudinal axis so that the impact force of the hammer mechanism can not be absorbed in the axial direction, and the impact force storing member is further formed to be so closely disposed in a second position relative to the impact diverter in the direction along the longitudinal axis so that the percussion force of the impact mechanism in the axial direction can be at least partially, preferably completely, absorbed by the impact diverter. In this way, a first position can be taken to perform a pure Stemmschlag as previously known. Furthermore, a further position can be taken in order to perform a combined Stemmschlag with subsequent draft or preferably a pure draft. Preferably, in a second position, a combined Stemmschlag be followed by a train hit and in a third position, a pure draft. This allows a switch between these functions by the operator to be able to use these functions as needed optional.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the impact energy storage element can be reciprocated in a rotational movement about the longitudinal axis between the first position and the second position in the direction along the longitudinal axis, wherein the rotational movement preferably less than a full revolution about the longitudinal axis, particularly preferably about half a turn around the longitudinal axis, can be performed. In this way, a very simple and / or intuitive switching between the functions described above by the operator can be done. This is especially true for a hand-held hammer device. It may be particularly simple and / or intuitive for the operator, the rotational movement over only a relatively small angular range such. To have to perform less than 360 ° as a full turn or about 180 ° as a half turn about the longitudinal axis in order to effect a switch between two functions. Especially with only half a turn around the longitudinal axis, this can be performed without gripping the hand, which can make the type of switching particularly simple.

In this case, by the rotational movement, e.g. a distance between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and the impact energy storage element in the direction along the longitudinal axis can be effected via a thread with a corresponding slope. The greater the pitch of the thread, the lower the degree of rotational movement about the longitudinal axis must be to cause a change in distance in the direction along the longitudinal axis. Alternatively, a purely translational approach of Schlagkraftumleitungselements in the direction of the impact energy storage element along the longitudinal axis take place, the position to be taken then can be fixed preferably by a lock.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the impact energy storage element is designed to be held on a housing body of the hammer device by means of a holding element, wherein the holding element together with the impact energy storage element is adjustable in the direction along the longitudinal axis relative to the housing body, preferably rotatable about the longitudinal axis, and / or or wherein the impact energy storage element is adjustable in the direction along the longitudinal axis relative to the holding element, preferably rotatable about the longitudinal axis.

By a holding element such as by a holding cap can be done a completion of the hammer device in the direction along the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, through which the recorded tool can be performed. In this case, the retaining element can preferably be removable and particularly preferably be unscrewed to accommodate the tool can. The tool may preferably have a collar in the form of a radial edge or a radial projection in order to carry out in the execution of Stemmschläge by the radial projection within the holding element to be held, that is not driven out by the impact force from the hammer device.

Such or other holding element can be used to hold the impact energy storage element, either the holding element together with impact energy storage element relative to the housing body of the hammer device or the impact energy storage element relative to the holding element of the hammer device at least along the longitudinal axis can be movable so that by this relative movement of the distance along the longitudinal axis between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and the impact energy storage element, for example can be adjusted by the operator. This can basically be done by a relative movement of the corresponding movement partner of the hammer device in the direction along the longitudinal axis. Preferably, this change in distance in the direction along the longitudinal axis can be achieved by a separate rotational movement of either the retaining cap or the impact energy storage element, wherein a combined rotational movement of both elements and a combined rotational and translational movement in the direction along the longitudinal axis is possible, both alone can be performed partially or completely together by the holding cap or the impact energy storage element as well as by both bodies.

It may be preferable to arrange the impact energy storage element fixed in the retaining cap and to carry out the change in distance between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement and the impact energy storage element in the direction along the longitudinal axis by a, preferably about half, rotational movement of the retaining cap about the longitudinal axis, so that an operator between two the functions described above, preferably between the three functions described above, can switch by a simple, intuitive and direct hand movement.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the impact energy storage element is elastically restoring, preferably elastically resiliently incompressible, wherein the impact energy storage element preferably comprises an elastomer body, particularly preferably consists of an elastomer body, and / or preferably a metallic spring, particularly preferably a metallic coil spring, has, preferably consists of this. In this way, storage and release of the absorbed kinetic energy of a shock in the opposite direction along the longitudinal axis can be implemented. In particular, an elastically restoring impact energy storage element can return its energy quickly and with little loss, counter to the previous impact direction, back to the tool. In this case, the efficiency can be increased by using a nearly incompressible impact energy storage element.

By means of an elastomeric body, which may also be referred to as an elastomeric spring, or a metallic spring, the function of an impact force storage and delivery in opposite Direction to be implemented. Elastomeric body can be easily prepared and adjusted by the choice of material to the desired Shore hardness to provide the desired impact energy storage for each application. Also, metallic springs can be adjusted by their geometry, material selection, etc. to the desired spring constant. In particular, helical compression springs can be used for a deflection in the direction along the longitudinal axis. It is also possible to use a plurality of elastomeric bodies and / or a plurality of metallic springs together. Also, at least one elastomeric body can be used together with at least one metallic spring as impact energy storage element.

The present invention also relates to a tool for use in a hammer device as described above, wherein the tool is adapted to the impact force of the percussion hammer mechanism in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis, preferably via a tool insertion end axially opposite a tool tip, particularly preferably via a tool tip axially opposed tool insertion end of a tool shank, the tool having at least one radial projection configured to at least partially receive the impact force of the impactor of the hammer device in the counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis from the impact energy storage element of the hammer device. In this way, a tool can be provided which can enable the implementation of the previously described properties and advantages of a hammer device according to the invention. Such a tool can be used to perform some or all previously described possible functions of the hammer device such as sole Stemmschlag, sole pull and combined Stemmschlag with subsequent pull.

According to an aspect of the present invention, in the direction along the longitudinal axis, the radial projection has a contact surface facing the impact energy storing member of the hammer device, the contact surface of the radial projection being formed, the striking force of the hammer mechanism of the hammer device in the counter axial direction along the longitudinal axis of the impact force storing element Hammer device to record. For the dimensioning of this contact surface applies accordingly, what has already been described above with respect to the contact surfaces of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements and or or the impact energy storage element.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the tool has a tool end for machining a workpiece, wherein the tool end is formed exchangeable. The tool end for machining a workpiece can also be referred to as a tool tip. In particular, the tool end or the tool tip can be made exchangeable with respect to a shank of the tool. Preferably, the tool end or the tool tip can be fastened or removed from the shank of the tool by a screwing movement. On This way it is possible to provide the appropriate end of the tool or the tool shank depending on the desired function with a suitable tool end or with a suitable tool tip, so that the tool can be used in many ways. For example, for a Stemmschlag a chisel tip can be used, which can be exchanged for a pull against a hook. Also, depending on the task different chisel tips (chisel tip bits) or hooks can be used. The tool itself can thus be considered as a universal adapter, which serves the connection between the replaceable tool tip and the hammer device and can be retrofitted and used depending on the task.

It may also be advantageous in this case that, when the tool end or the tool tip is worn, only these need to be replaced, but the tool itself can continue to be used. This can reduce operating costs and increase availability.

The present invention also relates to a hammer system with a hammer device as described above and with a tool as described above. As a result, the implementation of the properties and advantages described above can take place.

Figur 1

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Hammereinrichtung gemäß eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels ohne Werkzeug;

Figur 2

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugs;

Figur 3

eine Detaildarstellung der Figur 1 mit aufgenommenem Werkzeug;

Figur 4

eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Figur 3;

Figur 5

eine Detaildarstellung vergleichbar der Figur 3 für eine erfindungsgemäße Hammer-einrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel mit Werkzeug;

Figur 6

eine Detaildarstellung vergleichbar der Figur 3 für eine erfindungsgemäße Hammer-einrichtung gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel mit Werkzeug;

Figur 7

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Hammereinrichtung gemäß des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels mit Werkzeug in einem ersten Schritt eines Stemmschlags;

Figur 8

die Darstellung der Figur 7 in einem zweiten Schritt des Stemmschlags;

Figur 9

die Darstellung der Figur 7 in einem dritten Schritt des Stemmschlags;

Figur 10

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Hammereinrichtung gemäß des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels mit Werkzeug in einem ersten Schritt eines Zugschlags;

Figur 11

die Darstellung der Figur 10 in einem zweiten Schritt des Zugschlags;

Figur 12

die Darstellung der Figur 10 in einem dritten Schritt des Zugschlags; und

Figur 13

die Darstellung der Figur 10 in einem vierten Schritt des Zugschlags.

Several embodiments and further advantages of the invention will be explained below in connection with the following figures. It shows:

FIG. 1

a schematic sectional view of a hammer device according to the invention according to a first embodiment without tools;

FIG. 2

a schematic sectional view of a tool according to the invention;

FIG. 3

a detailed view of the FIG. 1 with tool included;

FIG. 4

an enlarged view of FIG. 3 ;

FIG. 5

a detailed representation comparable to the FIG. 3 for a hammer device according to the invention according to a second embodiment with a tool;

FIG. 6

a detailed representation comparable to the FIG. 3 for a hammer device according to the invention according to a third embodiment with a tool;

FIG. 7

a schematic sectional view of the hammer device according to the invention according to the first embodiment with a tool in a first step of a Stemmschlags;

FIG. 8

the representation of FIG. 7 in a second step of the stemming stroke;

FIG. 9

the representation of FIG. 7 in a third step of the stemming stroke;

FIG. 10

a schematic sectional view of the hammer device according to the invention according to the first embodiment with a tool in a first step of a Zugschlags;

FIG. 11

the representation of FIG. 10 in a second step of the draft;

FIG. 12

the representation of FIG. 10 in a third step of the draft; and

FIG. 13

the representation of FIG. 10 in a fourth step of the draft.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a hammer device according to the invention 1 according to a first embodiment without tool 2. The hammer device 1 extends substantially along a longitudinal axis X, to which a radial direction R is oriented vertically. In this case, one of the two directions along the longitudinal axis X may be referred to as axial direction A and the opposite direction along the longitudinal axis X as counter axial direction B. FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a tool 2 according to the invention.

The hammer device 1 can be subdivided into a stationary housing part 10, which can also be referred to as a housing body 10, and into an adjustable housing part 16, which can also be referred to as a retaining element 16 or as a retaining cap 16. In this case, the retaining cap 16 can be moved relative to the housing body 10 along the longitudinal axis X, as will be explained below. The housing body 10, the retaining cap 16 and all other associated elements of the hammer device 1 are preferably cylindrical and rotationally symmetrical to the longitudinal axis X.

In the embodiments considered here, the hammer device 1 is designed as a hand-held hammer device 1 and preferably as a pneumatic hammer 1. Therefore, the housing body 10 has at its one end along the longitudinal axis X a handle 11 which can be gripped by an operator who manually guides the pneumatic hammer 1, with one hand. From the handle 11 away along the longitudinal axis X in the axial direction A as part of the housing body 10 extends a percussion recording 12, which may also be referred to as striking mechanism housing 12. In the Schlagwerkaufnahme 12 the percussion mechanism 13 is arranged, which can also be referred to as a percussion piston 13 or 13 as a hammer. In the case of the implementation of the hammer device 1 as a pneumatic hammer 1, the percussion mechanism 13 is operated by compressed air, which from outside the air hammer 1, for. can be supplied from a compressor via a hose (not shown).

The hammer mechanism receptacle 12 is adjoined as a further component of the housing body 10 along the longitudinal axis X in the axial direction A by a tool receptacle 14, which can also be referred to as a tool housing 14. Within the tool holder 14, a tool 2, such as in the FIG. 2 shown, recorded. The transition region between the impact mechanism holder 12 and the tool holder 14 is formed radially narrower and constitutes a separating element 14a of the two receptacles 12, 14. The separating element 14a serves in the axial direction A as a stop surface along the longitudinal axis X for the radially outer part of the impact mechanism 13th and in the counter-axial direction B as a stop surface along the longitudinal axis X for the radially outer part of a Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15, which will be described below. By a radially inwardly through passage opening of the separating element 14a, which extends along the longitudinal axis X, the two radially inner region of the percussion mechanism 13 and the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 can touch through force-transmitting.

The tool 2 is formed in this case as a chisel 2 and has a cylindrical tool shank 20 which extends along the longitudinal axis X, see FIG. 2 , Alternatively, a hexagonal tool shank 20 could be used. The tool shank 20 has at its end in the axial direction A a tool end 21, which is designed as a tool tip 21 in the form of a chisel tip 21, which can be replaced by unscrewing or screwing. At its end opposite the longitudinal axis X of the bit tip 21, the tool shank 20 has a tool insertion end 22 as a striking end 22 which has a striking surface 22a. If the tool 2 is received in the tool holder 14 of the hammer device 1, the percussion mechanism 13 of the hammer device 1 can exert blows on the striking face 22a of the striking end 22 of the tool 2 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X and thereby the chisel tip 21 of the tool 2 in FIG drive a workpiece 3 such as in a stone wall 3, a concrete wall 3, a rock 3 or the like, see, for example FIGS. 7 to 13 , Further details of the tool 2 will be described below.

Thus, during operation of the hammer device 1, impacts D or impact forces D of the percussion mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X can be exerted on the tool 2 received in order to make the tool 2 impact on a workpiece 3 by means of stub strokes, as described below will be explained in more detail, cf. FIGS. 7 to 9 , In other words, kinetic energy can be impulsively transmitted from the impact mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X on the tool 2, which can then be forwarded to the workpiece 3, for example, to smash it.

In known hammers 1, it is common that the striking mechanism 13 can act directly on the tool 2 hitting. As a result, however, only a force transmission in the axial direction A can take place along the longitudinal axis X, so that only stub impacts can be exerted. Furthermore, a stuck in a workpiece 3 tool 2 only further impact forces D are acted upon without these can lead to a machining of the workpiece 3. Also a stuck tool 2 must be solved by other tools or leveraging handling techniques consuming.

In order to overcome these disadvantages of known hammer devices 1, the hammer device 1 according to the invention has a striking-force redirecting element 15, which can also be referred to as a sliding-tool receptacle 15. The Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 is within the tool holder 14 arranged in the direction along the longitudinal axis X, so that the impact force D of the percussion mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X if necessary passed to the tool 2 and the tool 2 after direction reversal by means of an impact energy storage element 18 in the counter-axial direction B as a striking force D 'along the longitudinal axis X can be supplied. For this purpose, the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 has a radially inner part, which is formed projecting along the longitudinal axis X in the passage opening of the partition member 14a to be contacted in the event of a shock of the corresponding cylindrical radially inner part of the percussion mechanism 13 and thus the impact force D record, see eg FIG. 1 ,

In this case, can be done on the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 a division of the absorbed kinetic energy of a shock D of the percussion mechanism 13 between the tool 2 and the previously mentioned impact energy storage element 18, which also referred to as a return spring element 18 and preferably by an elastomer body 18 as elastomeric spring 18 or through a metallic spring 18, in particular by a metallic coil spring 18, can be realized. Also, several identical or different impact energy storage elements 18 can be used in combination. In the embodiments considered here, a cylindrical elastomeric spring 18 is used as the impact force storage element 18, through which the tool 2 can be guided.

The impact energy storage element 18 is thereby encompassed and held by the retaining cap 16, so that the impact energy storage element 18 is arranged within the retaining cap 16 and within the tool receptacle 14. The holding cap 16 has a passage opening 17, through which a tool 2 accommodated in the tool holder 14 can be guided outwards. In this case, the passage opening 17 is formed such that the tool 2 can be held within the tool holder 14 by a radial projection 23 of the tool shaft 20 of the tool 2, see. FIG. 2 , At least partially radially larger than the passage opening 17 of the retaining cap 16 is formed. As a result, the tool 2 can not be expelled therefrom by the impacts D of the percussion mechanism 13 of the hammer device 1, since the radial projection 23 of the tool shaft 20 abuts against the retaining cap 16 from the inside in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X and thereby in the axial direction A. along the longitudinal axis X can be blocked.

The impact energy storage element 18 is arranged along the longitudinal axis X in extension of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 on a recorded tool 2 over. It can be taken between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 along the longitudinal axis X a distance e by the retaining cap 16 which receives the impact energy storage element 18 fixed, by a rotational or screwing movement of preferably about 180 ° about the longitudinal axis X around is moved relative to the housing body 10 along the longitudinal axis X. This can be done with one-handed guided hammer devices 1 with a fist handle by the second hand of the operator who can hold the holding cap 16 and simultaneously rotate. The adjustable distance e between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 along the longitudinal axis X may correspond to the distance between the housing body 10 and the retaining cap 16.

• Wird der verstellbare Abstand e derart groß gewählt, dass ein Kontakt zwischen dem Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 und dem Schlagkraftspeicherelement 18 bei einem Schlag D des Schlagwerks 13 sicher vermieden werden kann, so wird wie bisher bekannt die Schlagkraft D des Schlagwerks 13 in axialer Richtung A entlang der Längsachse X vom Schlagwerk 13 über einen radial innenliegenden Bereich des Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 direkt auf das aufgenommene Werkzeug 2 übertragen. Dabei wird die Hammereinrichtung 1 vom Bediener in axialer Richtung A entlang der Längsachse X auf das Werkstück 3 gedrückt, um dieses zu bearbeiten. Hierdurch wird das Werkzeug 2, welches sonst entlang der Längsachse X in einem gewissen Maße lose beweglich ist, durch den Kontakt mit dem Werkstück 3 möglichst nahe an das Schlagwerk 13 in axialer Richtung A entlang der Längsachse X herangedrückt, so dass das Werkzeug 2 die Schlagkraft D des Schlagwerks 13 in axialer Richtung A entlang der Längsachse X vom Schlagwerk 13 über das Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 möglichst direkt aufnehmen kann. Gleichzeitig wird die dem Werkzeug 2 abgewandte Seite des radial äußeren Bereichs des Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 entlang der Längsachse X in gegenaxialer Richtung B gegen das Trennelement 14a gedrückt, so dass das Werkzeug 2 durch die Kraft C des Bedieners auf das Werkstück 3 gedrückt werden kann. Hierdurch kann ein Stemmschlag wie bisher bekannt ausgeübt werden, vgl. Figuren 7 bis 9.
• Wird der verstellbare Abstand e zu Null gewählt, kommt es zu einem Kontakt zwischen dem Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 und dem Schlagkraftspeicherelement 18 entlang der Längsachse X, so dass ein Schlag D des Schlagwerks 13 sofort eine Schlagenergieübertragung auf das Schlagkraftspeicherelement 18 bewirkt. Da das Werkzeug 2 der Hammereinrichtung 1 stets entlang der Längsachse X relativ beweglich zur Hammereinrichtung 1 im Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 aufgenommen wird, liegt der radiale Vorsprung 23 des Werkzeugs 2 bei Einsatz der Kraft C' des Bedieners zu sich hin vor Schlagausführung an der ersten Kontaktfläche 18a des Schlagkraftspeicherelements 18 an und nicht am Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15. In diesem Fall wird die Schlagkraft D des Schlagwerks 13 über das Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 vollständig entlang der Längsachse X am Werkzeug 2 vorbei auf das Schlagkraftspeicherelement 18 übertragen. Auf diese Weise kann die kinetische Energie des Schlags D des Schlagwerks 13 von dem Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 speichernd auf das Schlagkraftspeicherelement 18 übertragen werden.

By changing the distance e, it is possible for the operator to adjust the effect of the impact force diverting element 15 as follows:

• If the adjustable distance e chosen so large that a contact between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 can be safely avoided in a shock D of the percussion mechanism 13, so is known as the impact force D of the percussion mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X transmitted directly from the impact mechanism 13 via a radially inner region of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 on the recorded tool 2. In this case, the hammer device 1 is pressed by the operator in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X on the workpiece 3 in order to edit this. As a result, the tool 2, which is otherwise loosely movable along the longitudinal axis X to a certain extent, pressed by the contact with the workpiece 3 as close as possible to the impact mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X, so that the tool 2, the impact force D of the percussion mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X from the impact mechanism 13 via the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 can record as directly as possible. At the same time, the side of the radially outward portion of the striking force redirecting element 15 facing away from the tool 2 is pressed against the separating element 14a in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X, so that the tool 2 can be pressed onto the workpiece 3 by the force C of the operator. As a result, a Stemmschlag be exercised as previously known, cf. FIGS. 7 to 9 ,
• If the adjustable distance e selected to zero, there is a contact between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 along the longitudinal axis X, so that a shock D of the striking mechanism 13 immediately causes a impact energy transfer to the impact energy storage element 18. Since the tool 2 of the hammer device 1 is always taken along the longitudinal axis X relatively movable to the hammer device 1 in the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15, the radial projection 23 of the tool 2 is when using the force C 'of the operator to himself before impact on the first contact surface 18 a of Impact energy storage element 18 and not on Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15. In this case, the impact force D of the percussion mechanism 13 via the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 completely along the longitudinal axis X on the tool 2 over on the impact energy storage element 18 transmitted. In this way, the kinetic energy of the impact D of the percussion mechanism 13 can be transferred to the impact energy storage element 18 by the impact energy diverting element 15.

• Als weitere Möglichkeit kann der verstellbare Abstand e entlang der Längsachse X zwischen den beiden zuvor beschrieben extremen Einstellungen gewählt werden, so dass bei einem Andrücken der Hammereinrichtung 1 durch den Bediener an das Werkstück 3 die kinetische Energie des Schlags D des Schlagwerks 13 teilweise und vorzugsweise größtenteils für einen Stemmschlag wie zuvor beschrieben verwendet werden kann, jedoch parallel ein Teil der kinetischen Energie des Schlags D des Schlagwerks 13 an dem Werkzeug 2 vorbei in das Schlagkraftspeicherelement 18 eingeleitet und anschließend für einen zumindest geringen Zugschlag verwendet werden kann. Hierdurch kann ein Stemmschlag mit einem Zugschlag innerhalb desselben Schlags D des Schlagwerks 13 kombiniert werden, um z.B. ein Feststecken des Werkzeugs 2 in dem Werkstück 3 durch den anschließenden Zugschlag zu vermeiden. Dabei kann über die Wahl des verstellbaren Abstands e vom Bediener das Maß der Aufteilung der kinetischen Energie zwischen Stemmschlaganteil und Zugschlaganteil vorgegeben werden. Figur 3 zeigt eine Detaildarstellung der Figur 1 mit aufgenommenem Werkzeug 2. Figur 4 zeigt eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Figur 3. Die Figuren 3 und 4 betreffen das erste Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Hammereinrichtung 1 der Figur 1. Dargestellt wird hierbei eine Situation zur Durchführung eines Stemmschlags kurz nach einem Schlag des Schlagwerks 13 in axialer Richtung A entlang der Längsachse X. In diesem Fall ist das Schlagwerk 13 entlang der Längsachse X zu der ihm zugewandten Seite des Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 bereits etwas beabstandet, da sich das Schlagwerk 13 nach der Schlagabgabe schon auf dem Umkehrweg befindet. Gleichzeitig wird ein sich radial erstreckender Bereich des Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 in der gegenaxialen Richtung B entlang der Längsachse X gegen einen sich radial nach innen erstreckenden Vorsprung des Gehäusekörpers 10, welcher die Schlagwerkaufnahme 12 entlang der Längsachse X von der Werkzeugaufnahme 14 trennt, geschoben.

Subsequently, the stored kinetic energy of the impact energy storage element 18 can be released again as a striking force D 'in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X. Since at this moment the striking mechanism 13 no longer acts on the impact-diverting element 15 and the impact-diverting element 15 is movable in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X to a certain extent, ie by a distance f ', the main part of the released kinetic energy becomes of the reverse impact is not absorbed again by the impact diverting element 15. Rather, the hammer device 1 is pulled away by the operator by the force C 'in the counter axial direction B either from the workpiece 3, for example, to free a stuck tool 2, or attracted from the back to a workpiece 3 to the workpiece 3 with the tool 2 along the To machine longitudinal axis X from the rear. In both cases causes the force C 'of the operator in the counter-axial direction B that the tool 2 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X on the impact energy storage element 18 abuts against the first contact surface 18c, see for example FIGS. 4 and 13 , and thus can receive the kinetic energy stored there. As a result, an impact force D 'of the percussion mechanism 13 in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X are exerted on the workpiece 3. Thus, on the one hand, a train hit as from the DE 10 2016 101 675 A1 known to be carried out in an alternative manner. On the other hand, a pull on a stuck tool 2 can be exercised in a previously unknown manner, cf. FIGS. 10 to 13 ,

• As a further possibility, the adjustable distance e along the longitudinal axis X between the two extreme settings described above can be selected, so that upon pressing the hammer device 1 by the operator to the workpiece 3, the kinetic energy of the impact D of the percussion mechanism 13 partially and preferably largely can be used for a Stemmschlag as described above, but in parallel a portion of the kinetic energy of the impact D of the percussion mechanism 13 can be introduced past the tool 2 in the impact energy storage element 18 and then used for at least a small draft. In this way, a Stemmschlag be combined with a draft within the same impact D of the percussion mechanism 13, for example, to avoid sticking of the tool 2 in the workpiece 3 by the subsequent draft. In this case, the degree of distribution of the kinetic energy between Stemmschlaganteil and Zugschlaganteil can be specified by the choice of the adjustable distance e from the operator. FIG. 3 shows a detailed representation of the FIG. 1 with recorded tool 2. FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of FIG. 3 , The FIGS. 3 and 4 relate to the first embodiment of a hammer device 1 of the invention FIG. 1 , In this case, the percussion mechanism 13 is already slightly spaced apart along the longitudinal axis X to the side of the impact force diverting element 15 facing it, since it is a stroke of the impact mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X. Schlagwerk 13 is already on the return route after the strike. At the same time a radially extending portion of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X against a radially inwardly extending projection of the housing body 10, which separates the percussion receiver 12 along the longitudinal axis X of the tool holder 14, pushed.

The impact energy storage element 18, which is accommodated integrally in the holding cap 16, is in this case spaced along the longitudinal axis X by the adjustable distance e in such a way to the impact force diverting element 15 that contact with contact can be avoided. Thereby, the kinetic energy of a shock D of the percussion mechanism 13 in the axial direction A can be transmitted directly to a striking surface 22a of the striking end 22 of the tool 2 via the striking force redirecting element 15 and introduced into a workpiece 3, without causing energy to be introduced into the impact energy storing element 18 is coming.

Alternatively, it is equally feasible to arrange the impact energy storing element 18 movably within the holding cap 16 along the longitudinal axis X. When using the adjustable distance e, it may then come to a contact between Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and impact energy storage element 18 during a Schlagenergieübertragung, but due to the axial mobility of the impact energy storage element 18 with the movement distance e and due to the lack of axial support of the impact energy storage element 18 on the retaining cap 16th no energy saving will be recorded.

However, this adjustable distance e or the granted range of motion e between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 along the longitudinal axis X is reduced to zero and pulled simultaneously the hammer device 1 by the operator in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X to himself, see. FIGS. 10 to 13 Thus, the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 are continuously in contact and the radial projection 23 of the tool shaft 20 of the tool 2 abuts the impact energy storage element 18 so that a transmission of kinetic energy from the percussion mechanism 13 via the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 on the tool passing in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X in the Impact storage element 18 and from there in counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X can be done in the tool 2.

For this purpose, the impact-force diverting element 15 has a contact surface 15a facing the impact energy storage element 18 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X, which can be in touching contact with a corresponding first contact surface 18a of the impact energy storage element 18 at a correspondingly small distance e. Via the contact of these two contact surfaces 15a, 18a, a force transmission in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X can take place. Between these two contact surfaces 15a, 18a of the adjustable distance e between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 is taken.

For the corresponding transmission of force from the impact energy storage element 18 to the tool 2, the radial projection 23 of the tool shank 20 has a corresponding contact surface 23a which can be in contact with a corresponding second contact surface 18c of the impact energy storage element 18 at a correspondingly small distance e. Via the contact of these two contact surfaces 18c, 23a, a power transmission in the counter-axial direction B can take place.

The contact surfaces 15a, 18a, 18c, 23a are designed such that the respective kinetic energy can be transmitted safely and as gently as possible for the impact force diverting element 15, the impact energy storage element 18 and the tool 2. This makes it possible to use correspondingly robust materials for the contact partners. Also, the contact surfaces 15a, 18a, 18c, 23a can be dimensioned correspondingly large area. This can increase the longevity of the contact surfaces 15a, 18a, 18c, 23a.

In order to be able to handle the tool 2 in the power flow during the power transmission to effect a draft, the impact diverting element 15 and / or the impact energy storage element 18 are designed so that they can be in touching contact with the tool 2 at a correspondingly small distance e ,

According to the first embodiment, for example, the FIG. 3 the impact force redirecting element 15 extends parallel to the part of the tool shank 20 which has the striking end 22 by means of a side element 15b in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X with a radially larger area. Subsequently, the side member 15b of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 extends in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X with a radially smaller area in parallel to the part of the tool shank 20, which has the radial projection 23. In this case, the side member 15b of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 protrudes in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X beyond the radial projection 23 and terminates with its contact surface 15a. The impact energy storage element 18 is in this case with a counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X. formed surface, which forms the radially inner side, the second contact surface 18c and radially outside the first contact surface 18a.

According to the second embodiment of the FIG. 5 The side member 15b of the impact force diverting member 15 extends in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X only with the radially larger portion of the first embodiment parallel to that part of the tool shank 20 having the striking end 22, and then directly terminates with its contact surface 15a , In return, a side element 18b of the impact energy storage element 18 now extends in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X correspondingly parallel to that part of the tool shaft 20 which has the chisel tip 21, cf. FIG. 2 so that the same distance e as in the first embodiment between the two contact surfaces 15a, 18a of the two side members 15b, 18b is achieved. As a result, the two contact surfaces 18a, 18c of the impact energy storage element 18 are formed separately from each other.

According to the third embodiment of the FIG. 6 does not extend in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X parallel to the part of the tool shank 20, which has the radial projection 23 extends the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15. For this purpose, the side element 18b of the impact energy storage element 18 extends correspondingly far in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X parallel to the tool 2 over. In addition, a tool insertion end guide member 22a in the form of a chisel bushing 19 is disposed radially between the side member 18b of the impact energy storing member 18 and the tool 2 serving to guide the tool insertion end 22a. Also in this case, the two contact surfaces 18a, 18c of the impact energy storage element 18 are formed separately from each other.

In all three embodiments, the side surfaces 15b, 18b in the form of individual webs 15b, 18b may be formed, which are preferably provided in pairs. In the schematic sectional views of FIGS. 1 and 3 to 12 Therefore, in each case a pair of side surfaces 15b, 18b may be shown, wherein the individual webs 15b, 18b may be arranged uniformly spaced from each other in the circumferential direction. In this case, the webs 15b, 18b can be positioned such that the contact surfaces 15a, 18a of the impact force diverting element 15 and of the impact energy storage element 18 can touch one another along the longitudinal axis X. Alternatively, the side surfaces 15b, 18b may each be in the form of a hexagonal or polyhedral radial body 15b, 18b formed circumferentially around the longitudinal axis X in a circumferential direction. This can also be demonstrated by the schematic sectional views of FIGS. 1 and 3 to 12 be shown.

Further, the side surfaces 15b, 18b may be formed differently. For example, the impact force diverting element 15 may have a completely cylindrical side surface 15b, and the Side surface 18b of the impact energy storing element 18 can be formed by at least one pair of webs 18b. Also, the radially larger area of the side member 15b of the impact energy storage element 15 of the FIG. 3 be formed as a cylindrical body, connect to the radially smaller webs 15b in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X. Likewise, the impact force diverting element 15 may have webs 15b as side elements 15b and the side element 18b of the impact energy storage element 18 may be formed as a cylindrical body 18b. In addition, other such combinations are possible. It is also possible that the side surfaces 15b, 18b are each formed as separate detachable elements, which are used if necessary, to allow the impact energy transfer from the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 on the impact energy storage element 18.

The use of a hammer device 1 according to the invention according to the first embodiment is now intended for a Stemmschlag on the basis of FIGS. 7 to 9 be explained in more detail. FIG. 7 shows a schematic sectional view of the hammer device 1 according to the invention according to the first embodiment with tool 2 in a first step of a Stemmschlags. FIG. 8 shows the representation of FIG. 7 in a second step of the stemming. FIG. 9 shows the representation of FIG. 7 in a third step of the Stemmschlag.

In the first step, the hammer device 1 is pressed by the force C of an operator in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X against a workpiece 3 in the form of a rock 3. As a result, the tool 2 is pressed within the hammer device 1 of the rock 3 against the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and this against the separating element 14a. In order to perform clean staking strokes, the retaining cap 16 is axially displaced by the operator, e.g. 180 ° about the longitudinal axis X has been rotated, whereby a distance e or a movement distance e between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 along the longitudinal axis X is taken over a thread between the tool holder 14 and the retaining cap 16 along the longitudinal axis X, which a can prevent energy transmitting contact between the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and the impact energy storage element 18 during operation along the longitudinal axis X.

Will now in the first step of a Stemmschlags the FIG. 7 an impact force D exerted by the striking mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X, so this impact force D in the second step of FIG. 8 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X completely on the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 and in the third step of FIG. 9 further transmitted along the longitudinal axis X on the tool 2, so that a Stemmschlag is exerted on the rock 3.

The alternative use of a hammer device according to the invention 1 according to the first embodiment for a pull on a stuck in a workpiece 3 tool 2 is now based on the FIGS. 10 to 12 be explained in more detail. FIG. 10 shows a schematic sectional view the hammer device 1 according to the invention according to the first embodiment with tool 2 in a first step of a draft. FIG. 11 shows the representation of FIG. 10 in a second step of the draft. FIG. 12 shows the representation of FIG. 10 in a third step of the draft. FIG. 13 shows the representation of FIG. 10 in a fourth step of the draft.

For such a draft, the hammer 1 is pulled by the operator with a force C 'in the counter axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X of the workpiece 3 as rock 3, in which the tool 2 as a chisel 2 stuck. As a result, the radial projection 23 lies with its contact surface 23a, cf. Figures 2 and 4 at the corresponding second contact surface 18c of the impact energy storage element 18, cf. eg FIG. 4 , on. Previously, by a rotation of the retaining cap 16 about the longitudinal axis X, the impact energy storage element 18 with the cylindrical side member 15b of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15, see. eg FIG. 3 , brought into contact along the longitudinal axis X, so that the contact surface 15a of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15, see. eg FIG. 4 , and the radially outer side contact surface 18a of the impact energy storage element 18, cf. eg FIG. 4 , abut one another along the longitudinal axis X, cf. FIG. 10 ,

Will now in the first step of such a train of the FIG. 10 an impact force D exerted by the striking mechanism 13 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X, so this impact force D in the second step of FIG. 11 in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X completely transferred to the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15. In this case, the absorbed impact force D in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X via the side member 15b of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 parallel to the tool 2 on this passing directly to the impact energy storage element 18, so that there in the third step of FIG. 12 a storage of kinetic energy takes place. This elastic storage of the kinetic energy leads to a deflection of the impact energy storage element 18 in the axial direction A (not shown), so that a distance f 'between the axial direction A facing surface of the separating element 14a and the radially outer region of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements 15 sets ,

In the subsequent fourth step of the FIG. 13 the striking mechanism 13 has already completed its stroke D in the axial direction A along the longitudinal axis X and is located in a rebounded to the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 along the longitudinal axis X sprung position with a Federweglänge, which corresponds to a distance f, so that the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X by the distance f can move freely. Thus, if the absorbed kinetic energy of the impact force D of the percussion mechanism 13 from the impact energy storage element 18 in the counter axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X, so this kinetic energy is transmitted as a shock D 'from the back over the radial projection 23 on the tool 2, since the radial Projection 23 by the force C 'of the operator in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X abuts the impact energy storage element 18 while the Schlagkraftumleitungselement 15 due to its ability to move by the distance f along the longitudinal axis X of the kinetic energy of the impact energy storage element 18 in the counter-axial direction B along the longitudinal axis X can escape. In this way, a stuck tool 2 can be freed by the hammer device 1 itself again.

REFERENCE LIST (part of the description)

A

axial direction along the longitudinal axis X (in the direction of the material to be processed)

B

counter-axial direction along the longitudinal axis X (in the opposite direction of the material to be processed)

C

Direction of the force of the operator (towards the material to be processed)

C '

Direction of the force of the operator (in the opposite direction of the material to be processed)

D

Direction of the impact or impact of the impact mechanism 13

D '

Direction of force transmitted by the impact energy storage element to the tool

e

adjustable distance or granted movement between Schlagkraftumleitungs element 15 and impact energy storage element 18th

f

Distance between impact force diverting element 15 and separating element 14a or compression travel of the impact energy storage element 15

f '

maximum distance between the impact force diverting element 15 and the separating element 14a or the maximum compression travel of the impact energy storage element 15

R

radial direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X

X

longitudinal axis

1

(hand-held) hammer device; Drucklufthammer

10

fixed housing part; housing body

11

handle

12

Percussion recording; Percussion mechanism housing

13

Percussion; Percussion piston; firing pin

14

Chuck; tool housing

14a

separating element

15

Clout diversion element; Sliding Chuck; sliding adapter

15a

Contact surface of the impact diverting element 15

15b

Side member (s) of the impact force diverting element 15; Web (s); annular or (six) angular body

15c

Contact surface for impact surface 22a of the tool 2

16

Holding member; adjustable housing part; retaining cap

17

Passage opening of the holding element 16 for tool 2

18

Clout memory element; Check spring element; Elastomeric body; (metallic) spring; (metallic) coil spring

18a

first contact surface of the impact energy storage element 18th

18b

Side element (s) of the impact energy storage element 18; Web (s); annular or (six) angular body

18c

second contact surface of the impact energy storage element 18th

19

Tool insertion end guide element 22a; tool bushing

2

Tool; chisel

20

tool shank

21

Tool end; (replaceable) tool tip; chisel tip

22

tool shank; beating

22a

Impact surface of the tool 2

23

radial projection of the tool shank 20

23a

Contact surface of the radial projection 23rd

3

Workpiece; body to be processed; Stone wall; Concrete wall; Rock;

Claims (16)

Hammer device (1), preferably hand-held hammer device (1), with
an impact mechanism (13), which is designed to act in the axial direction (A) along the longitudinal axis (X) on a tool (2), preferably on a chisel (2), striking, and
at least one impact energy storage element (18) which is designed to at least partially store a striking force (D) of the percussion mechanism (13) in the axial direction (A) along the longitudinal axis (X) and at least partially as an impact force (D ') of the percussion mechanism ( 13) in the counter-axial direction (B) along the longitudinal axis (X) again,
marked by
a Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15), which is designed and in the power flow between the percussion mechanism (13) and the impact energy storage element (18) is arranged or can be arranged so that the impact force (D) of the striking mechanism (13) in the axial direction (A) along the longitudinal axis (X) under at least partial, preferably complete, bypassing the tool (2) at least partially storing the impact energy storage element (18) can be discharged. Hammer device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that
the Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15) is adapted to receive in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) on one side of the impact force (D) of the striking mechanism (13) in the axial direction (A), and
the Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15) is further formed, in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) on the opposite side of the impact force (D) of the striking mechanism (13) in the axial direction (A) to the tool (2) and / or to the impact energy storage element (18). Hammer device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
the Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15) and / or the impact energy storage element (18) at least partially in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) is / are formed, at least partially on the tool (2), preferably parallel to extend past. Hammer device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15) and / or the impact energy storage element (18) at least partially at least one web (15b, 18b), preferably a plurality of webs (15b, 18b), which (r) at least partially on the tool ( 2), preferably in parallel, extends past / extend. Hammer device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that
the Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15) and / or the impact energy storage element (18) at least partially at least one pair, preferably a plurality of pairs, diametrically to the longitudinal axis (X) of opposite webs (15b, 18b) which (s) at least partially on the Tool (2), preferably in parallel, extending past / extend. Hammer device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15) and / or the impact energy storage element (18) at least partially at least one circumferentially about the longitudinal axis (X) closed body (15b, 18b), preferably at least one annular body (15b, 18b) and / or a square, preferably hexagonal, body (15b, 18b), has /, which extends at least partially on the tool (2), preferably in parallel, over. Hammer device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15) in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) the impact energy storage element (18) facing a contact surface (15a), and
the impact energy storage element (18) has a first contact surface (18a) facing the impact force redirecting element (15) in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X),
wherein the contact surface (15a) of the Schlagkraftumleitungselements (15) is adapted to the impact force (D) of the hammer mechanism (13) in the axial direction (A) by contact with the first contact surface (18a) of the impact energy storage element (18) to transmit. Hammer device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that
the impact energy storage element (18) has a second contact surface (18c) facing the tool (2) in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X),
wherein the second contact surface (18c) of the impact energy storage element (18) is formed, the impact force (D ') of the percussion mechanism (13) in the counter - axial direction (B) by contact with a Contact surface (23 a) of the tool (2), preferably on a contact surface (23 a) of a radial projection (23) of the tool (2) to transmit. Hammer device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the impact energy storage element (18) is designed to be spaced in a first position relative to the impact force redirecting element (15) in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) such that the impact force (D) of the striking mechanism (13) in the axial direction (A) can not be included, and
the impact energy storage element (18) is further configured to be so close to the impact force redirecting element (15) in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) that the impact force (D) of the impact mechanism (13) in the axial direction ( A) at least partially, preferably completely, of the Schlagkraftumleitungselement (15) can be accommodated. Hammer device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that
the impact energy storage element (18), preferably together with a holding element (16) receiving the impact energy storage element (18), preferably by means of a rotational movement about the longitudinal axis (X), between the first position and the second position in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) and can be moved,
wherein the rotational movement preferably by less than a full revolution about the longitudinal axis (X), particularly preferably by about half a revolution about the longitudinal axis (X), can be performed. Hammer device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the impact energy storage element (18) is designed to be held by means of a holding element (16) on a housing body (10) of the hammer device (1),
wherein the holding element (16) together with impact energy storage element (18) in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) relative to the housing body (10) translationally adjustable, preferably about the longitudinal axis (X) rotatable, is formed, and / or
wherein the impact energy storage element (18) in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) relative to the holding element (16) is translationally adjustable, preferably about the longitudinal axis (X) rotatable formed. Hammer device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the impact energy storage element (18) is resiliently restoring, preferably elastically restoring incompressible,
wherein the impact energy storage element (18) preferably comprises an elastomer body (18), particularly preferably consists of an elastomer body (18), and / or preferably, a metallic spring (18), more preferably a metallic coil spring (18), preferably consists of this , Tool (2) for use in a hammer device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12,
wherein the tool (2) is formed, the impact force of the impact mechanism (13) of the hammer device (1) in the axial direction (A), preferably via a tool insertion end (22) axially opposite a tool tip (21), particularly preferably via a tool tip ( 21) axially opposite tool insertion end (22) of a tool shank (20),
wherein the tool (2) has at least one radial projection (23) which is formed, the impact force (D) of the percussion mechanism (13) of the hammer device (1) in the counter-axial direction (B) at least partially by the impact energy storage element (18) of the hammer device (1) record. Tool (2) according to claim 13, characterized in that
the radial projection (23) in the direction along the longitudinal axis (X) has a contact surface (23a) facing the impact energy storage element (18) of the hammer device (1),
wherein the contact surface (23a) of the radial projection (23) is adapted to receive the impact force (D ') of the percussion mechanism (13) of the hammer device (1) in the counter-axial direction (B) from the impact energy storage element (18) of the hammer device (1). Tool (2) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the tool (2) has a tool end (21) for machining a workpiece (3), wherein the tool end (21) is designed replaceable. Hammer system, with
a hammer device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, and
a tool (2) according to any one of claims 13 to 15.

Images