EP3449533B1 - Contact sleeve - Google Patents
Contact sleeve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3449533B1 EP3449533B1 EP17711083.0A EP17711083A EP3449533B1 EP 3449533 B1 EP3449533 B1 EP 3449533B1 EP 17711083 A EP17711083 A EP 17711083A EP 3449533 B1 EP3449533 B1 EP 3449533B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grooves
- central line
- contact sleeve
- crimping
- wings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
- H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
- H01R4/188—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping having an uneven wire-receiving surface to improve the contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
- H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
- H01R4/183—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section
- H01R4/184—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section comprising a U-shaped wire-receiving portion
- H01R4/185—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section comprising a U-shaped wire-receiving portion combined with a U-shaped insulation-receiving portion
Definitions
- the invention relates to a contact sleeve for connecting at least one stranded wire with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- crimp contacts go, for example, from DE 10 2013 203 796 A1 emerged.
- crimp contacts are from the WO 2009/119514 A1 known.
- connection and connection terminals also go, for example, from the DE 36 34 099 C2 , of the JP 2003 249 284 A or the WO 2009/096590 A1 emerged.
- the US 2011/0028054 A1 discloses a crimp terminal with both linear and curved line-shaped markings which are arranged entirely on the crimping wings.
- the line-shaped markings can be realized by indentations.
- the contact sleeve according to the invention for the connection of at least one stranded wire with arrow-like grooves to the center line on both crimping wings, which are curved with a continuously decreasing slope and extend outwards from the center line, has the advantage of a particularly firm and gas-tight contacting of stranded cables. Due to the curved grooves, the strands are pressed together much better than with non-curved grooves. Extensive investigations by the applicant have shown this.
- the grooves preferably begin at the center line and extend over the crimping wings up to a predetermined distance from the end of the crimping wings or even up to the end of the crimping wings themselves.
- a tangent to the grooves on the center line has an angle of approximately 7 ⁇ 2 ° with a line perpendicular to the center line and the slope of the tangent decreases towards the edge of the grooves until the tangent has an end angle of approximately 2 ⁇ 1 ° with a line perpendicular to the center line.
- the crimping wings In the area of the center line, where the crimping wings only cover a short distance during crimping, there is a greater slope of the grooves than at the outer edge of the crimping wings, which cover a greater distance during the crimping process.
- the grooves could be designed asymmetrically to the center line, that is, the grooves on one side can run differently than the grooves on the other side.
- a particularly preferred embodiment provides that the grooves run symmetrically to the center line.
- the formation of the grooves can be done in the most varied of ways.
- An advantageous embodiment provides that the grooves are groove-like depressions which are arranged on the sides of the receiving area and the crimping wing facing the stranded wire.
- the contact sleeve shown has a contact crimping area 10, which is used to crimp strands 10b with crimping wings 10a, and an insulation crimping area 11 for fastening the contact crimping area 10 to an insulation of a stranded wire 12.
- the contact crimping area 10 has a receiving surface 12a. Together with the crimping wings 10a, it is used to press the strands 10b in a manner known per se.
- the insulation crimping area 11 encompassing an insulation of the stranded wire 12 is then arranged on the contact crimping area 10.
- the insulation crimping area 11 engages around and clamps the stranded wire 12 and thus serves to fasten the stranded wire 12 and its strain relief.
- FIG. 2 The top view shown on a contact crimping area 15, which has two crimping wings 15a, 15b, comprises grooves 13 which are arranged symmetrically to a center line 14 and which are curved, wing-shaped, in the manner of bird wings.
- the curvature is designed in such a way that a tangent to the grooves in the region of the center line 14 encloses an angle ⁇ s with a line perpendicular to the center line 14.
- the slope decreases steadily towards the outer edge of the crimping wings 15a, 15b, so that the tangent to the grooves in the outer area encloses an angle ⁇ E with a line perpendicular to the center line 14.
- the angle ⁇ s is preferably approximately 7 ⁇ 2 °, whereas the angle ⁇ E is approximately 2 ⁇ 1 °.
- This curved shape of the grooves with a curvature that continuously decreases from the center line 14 outward in the direction of the edge of the crimping wings 15a, 15b, optimal compression of strands in the crimping wings 15a, 15b is achieved.
- the curved arrangement of the grooves takes into account the fact that during crimping in the area of the center line 14 the crimping wings 15a, 15b only cover a short distance, whereas they cover a long distance in the outer area of the crimping wings 15a, 15b.
- This smaller path in the region of the center line 14 is taken into account by the greater slope of the grooves, whereas the larger path covered during crimping in the outer region of the crimping wings 15a, 15b is taken into account by the smaller slope. Crimping with the aid of these curved grooves enables optimal contacting of the strands, in particular gas-tight contacting of the strands, which cannot be achieved with linear grooves.
- the curved grooves are preferably designed symmetrically to the center line 14. However, it can also be provided in an alternative embodiment to design the grooves asymmetrically, that is to say to provide grooves with a different pitch on one crimping wing than on the other crimping wing.
- the grooves are, for example, impressions, beads and the like that protrude in the direction of the strands and thus press the strands.
- the grooves preferably begin at the center line 14 and extend over the crimping wings 15a, 15b to a predetermined distance from the end of the crimping wings or even to the end of the crimping wings themselves.
Landscapes
- Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kontakthülse für einen Anschluss wenigstens einer Litzenleitung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a contact sleeve for connecting at least one stranded wire with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Derartige Crimpkontakte gehen beispielsweise aus der
Elektrische Verbindungs- und Anschlussklemmen gehen auch beispielsweise aus der
Insbesondere aus der
Aus der
Die
Die linienförmigen Markierungen können durch Vertiefungen realisiert werden.The line-shaped markings can be realized by indentations.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kontakthülse für den Anschluss wenigstens einer Litzenleitung mit pfeilartig zu der Mittellinie auf beiden Crimpflügeln verlaufenden Rillen, die gekrümmt mit kontinuierlicher abnehmender Steigung jeweils von der Mittellinie beginnend nach außen verlaufen, weist den Vorteil einer besonders festen und gasdichten Kontaktierung von Litzenleitungen auf. Durch die schwingenartig gekrümmt verlaufenden Rillen werden die Litzen noch wesentlich besser verpresst als bei nicht gekrümmten Rillen. Dies haben umfängliche Untersuchungen der Anmelderin ergeben. Bevorzugt beginnen die Rillen an der Mittellinie und erstrecken sich über die Crimpflügel bis zu einem vorgegebenen Abstand vom Ende der Crimpflügel oder sogar bis zum Ende der Crimpflügel selbst.The contact sleeve according to the invention for the connection of at least one stranded wire with arrow-like grooves to the center line on both crimping wings, which are curved with a continuously decreasing slope and extend outwards from the center line, has the advantage of a particularly firm and gas-tight contacting of stranded cables. Due to the curved grooves, the strands are pressed together much better than with non-curved grooves. Extensive investigations by the applicant have shown this. The grooves preferably begin at the center line and extend over the crimping wings up to a predetermined distance from the end of the crimping wings or even up to the end of the crimping wings themselves.
Die Rillen verlaufen gewissermaßen nach Art von Vogelschwingen schwingenförmig. Eine Tangente an die Rillen an der Mittellinie weist gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung einen Winkel von etwa 7 ± 2° mit einer Linie senkrecht zur Mittellinie auf und die Steigung der Tangente nimmt zum Rand der Rillen hin ab, bis die Tangente einen Endwinkel von etwa 2 ± 1° mit einer Linie senkrecht zur Mittellinie einschließt. Im Bereich der Mittellinie, wo die Crimpflügel während des Crimpens nur einen geringen Weg zurücklegen, ist damit eine größere Steigung der Rillen gegeben als am äußeren Rand der Crimpflügel, die während des Crimpvorgangs einen größeren Weg zurücklegen.The grooves run in the shape of a wing like a bird's wing. According to an advantageous embodiment, a tangent to the grooves on the center line has an angle of approximately 7 ± 2 ° with a line perpendicular to the center line and the slope of the tangent decreases towards the edge of the grooves until the tangent has an end angle of approximately 2 ± 1 ° with a line perpendicular to the center line. In the area of the center line, where the crimping wings only cover a short distance during crimping, there is a greater slope of the grooves than at the outer edge of the crimping wings, which cover a greater distance during the crimping process.
Rein prinzipiell könnten die Rillen asymmetrisch zur Mittellinie ausgestaltet sein, das heißt die Rillen auf der einen Seite können anders verlaufen als die Rillen auf der anderen Seite. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass die Rillen zur Mittellinie symmetrisch verlaufen.In principle, the grooves could be designed asymmetrically to the center line, that is, the grooves on one side can run differently than the grooves on the other side. A particularly preferred embodiment provides that the grooves run symmetrically to the center line.
Die Ausbildung der Rillen kann auf die unterschiedlichste Art und Weise geschehen. Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass die Rillen rillenartige Vertiefungen sind, welche auf den der Litzenleitung zugewandten Seiten des Aufnahmebereichs und der Crimpflügel angeordnet sind.The formation of the grooves can be done in the most varied of ways. An advantageous embodiment provides that the grooves are groove-like depressions which are arranged on the sides of the receiving area and the crimping wing facing the stranded wire.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Figuren dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.
-
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Kontakthülse mit Crimpflügeln gemäß dem Stand der Technik. -
Fig. 2 zeigt eine Aufsicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Kontaktcrimpbereichs.
-
Fig. 1 shows a contact sleeve with crimping wings according to the prior art. -
Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a contact crimping area according to the invention.
Eine in
Eine in
Untersuchungen der Anmelderin haben ergeben, dass der Winkel αs bevorzugt etwa 7 ± 2° beträgt, wohingegen der Winkel αE etwa 2 ± 1° beträgt.Investigations by the applicant have shown that the angle α s is preferably approximately 7 ± 2 °, whereas the angle α E is approximately 2 ± 1 °.
Durch diese gekrümmt verlaufende Form der Rillen mit einer Krümmung, die kontinuierlich von der Mittellinie 14 nach außen in Richtung des Randes der Crimpflügel 15a, 15b abnimmt, wird eine optimale Verpressung von Litzen in den Crimpflügeln 15a, 15 b erreicht. Dabei trägt die gekrümmt verlaufende Anordnung der Rillen dem Umstand Rechnung, dass während des Crimpens im Bereich der Mittellinie 14 die Crimpflügel 15a, 15b nur einen kleinen Weg zurücklegen, wohingegen sie im äußeren Bereich der Crimpflügel 15a, 15b einen großen Weg zurücklegen. Diesem kleineren Weg im Bereich der Mittellinie 14 wird durch die größere Steigung der Rillen Rechnung getragen, wohingegen dem größeren zurückgelegten Weg während des Crimpens im äußeren Bereich der Crimpflügel 15a, 15b durch die kleinere Steigung Rechnung getragen wird. Die Crimpung mit Hilfe dieser gekrümmten Rillen ermöglicht eine optimale Kontaktierung der Litzen, insbesondere eine gasdichte Kontaktierung der Litzen, die mit linear verlaufenden Rillen nicht erzielt werden kann.This curved shape of the grooves with a curvature that continuously decreases from the
Die gekrümmt verlaufenden Rillen sind bevorzugt symmetrisch zur Mittellinie 14 ausgebildet. Es kann allerdings auch bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform vorgesehen sein, die Rillen unsymmetrisch auszubilden, also auf einem Crimpflügel Rillen mit einer anderen Steigung vorzusehen als auf dem anderen Crimpflügel. Die Rillen sind beispielsweise Einprägungen, Sicken und dergleichen, die in Richtung der Litzen vorspringen und so die Litzen pressen.The curved grooves are preferably designed symmetrically to the
Die Rillen beginnen bevorzugterweise an der Mittellinie 14 und erstrecken sich über die Crimpflügel 15a, 15b bis zu einem vorgegebenen Abstand vom Ende der Crimpflügel oder sogar bis zum Ende der Crimpflügel selbst.The grooves preferably begin at the
Claims (5)
- Contact sleeve for connecting at least one stranded wire having a receiving region extending longitudinally to a central line (14) running in parallel to the stranded wire for inserting stripped ends of the at least one stranded wire and having two crimp wings (15a, 15b) that are each directed towards each other and, in the folded state, clamp the stripped ends, wherein the crimp wings (15a, 15b) have grooves (13) that run on both crimp wings (15a, 15b) relative to the central line (14) in the shape of an arrow, characterised in that the grooves (13) run outwards in the direction of the edge of the crimp wings (15a, 15b), in each case starting from the central line (14) and being curved with a continuously decreasing gradient.
- Contact sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the groves (13) start on the central line (14) and extend across the crimp wings (15a, 15b) up to a predetermined distance from the end of the crimp wings (15a, 15a).
- Contact sleeve according to claim 2, wherein a tangent to the grooves (13) on the central line (14) has an angle (αs) of about 7 ± 2° with a line perpendicular to the central line and a gradient of the tangent decreases constantly to the external edge of the crimp wing (15a, 15b), such that a tangent of the grooves (13) forms an end angle (αE) of 2 ± 1° with a line perpendicular to the central line (14) in the external region.
- Contact sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the grooves (13) run symmetrically relative to the central line (14).
- Contact sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the grooves (13) are groove-like indentations that are arranged on the side of the receiving region and the crimp wings (15a, 15b) facing towards the stranded wire.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016107659.7A DE102016107659A1 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | contact sleeve |
PCT/DE2017/100145 WO2017186208A1 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2017-02-21 | Electrical crimp contact |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3449533A1 EP3449533A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
EP3449533B1 true EP3449533B1 (en) | 2021-03-10 |
Family
ID=58347017
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17711083.0A Active EP3449533B1 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2017-02-21 | Contact sleeve |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10566707B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3449533B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6788031B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102182467B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109196722A (en) |
BR (1) | BR112018071913A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3022012C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016107659A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL262571B (en) |
TW (1) | TWI703781B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017186208A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202013010987U1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-20 | Erni Production Gmbh & Co. Kg | Contact sleeve for a connection of at least one stranded conductor |
JP2014164865A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-09-08 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Crimped terminal and wiring harness using crimped terminal |
JP2015130311A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-07-16 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Terminal metal fitting and electric wire with terminal |
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US3533055A (en) * | 1968-03-14 | 1970-10-06 | Alfred M Zak | Electrical connector and method and apparatus for making same |
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DE3634099C2 (en) | 1986-10-07 | 1994-12-01 | Vossloh Schwabe Gmbh | Electrical connection or connection terminal |
DE19812093C1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-10-07 | Framatome Connectors Int | Crimp connection |
JP3824809B2 (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2006-09-20 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Automotive power cable and terminal for the power cable |
JP2003249284A (en) | 2002-02-25 | 2003-09-05 | Auto Network Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Crimp style terminal for aluminum wire |
TWM287513U (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2006-02-11 | Mu-De Li | Conducting wire terminal press-part structure containing milling slot |
CN2701110Y (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-05-18 | 黎木德 | Wire terminal crimping structure with milling groove |
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JP4550791B2 (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2010-09-22 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Aluminum stranded wire crimp terminal and aluminum stranded wire terminal structure to which the crimp terminal is connected |
CN101420142A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-29 | 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 | Wiring terminal for compressor motor |
JP4922897B2 (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2012-04-25 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Crimp terminal, electric wire with terminal, and manufacturing method thereof |
JP5078572B2 (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2012-11-21 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Joint structure and joint method of copper wire and aluminum wire |
JP5119532B2 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2013-01-16 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Crimp terminal for aluminum wire |
JP5076072B2 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2012-11-21 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Crimp terminal and crimp structure using this crimp terminal |
JP2009245697A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Crimp terminal |
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-
2016
- 2016-04-25 DE DE102016107659.7A patent/DE102016107659A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-02-21 JP JP2018555902A patent/JP6788031B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-02-21 CN CN201780032896.3A patent/CN109196722A/en active Pending
- 2017-02-21 CA CA3022012A patent/CA3022012C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-02-21 BR BR112018071913A patent/BR112018071913A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-02-21 KR KR1020187033722A patent/KR102182467B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-02-21 US US16/096,018 patent/US10566707B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-02-21 WO PCT/DE2017/100145 patent/WO2017186208A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-02-21 EP EP17711083.0A patent/EP3449533B1/en active Active
- 2017-04-25 TW TW106113736A patent/TWI703781B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2018
- 2018-10-24 IL IL262571A patent/IL262571B/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2014164865A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-09-08 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Crimped terminal and wiring harness using crimped terminal |
JP2015130311A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-07-16 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Terminal metal fitting and electric wire with terminal |
DE202013010987U1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-20 | Erni Production Gmbh & Co. Kg | Contact sleeve for a connection of at least one stranded conductor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20190140367A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
JP2019515433A (en) | 2019-06-06 |
CA3022012A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
KR102182467B1 (en) | 2020-11-24 |
TW201743506A (en) | 2017-12-16 |
IL262571A (en) | 2018-12-31 |
BR112018071913A2 (en) | 2019-02-05 |
EP3449533A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
KR20190013762A (en) | 2019-02-11 |
DE102016107659A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
CA3022012C (en) | 2020-10-27 |
JP6788031B2 (en) | 2020-11-18 |
WO2017186208A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
US10566707B2 (en) | 2020-02-18 |
CN109196722A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
IL262571B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
TWI703781B (en) | 2020-09-01 |
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