EP3446785B1 - Method for treating a liquid loaded with chips - Google Patents

Method for treating a liquid loaded with chips Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3446785B1
EP3446785B1 EP18187895.0A EP18187895A EP3446785B1 EP 3446785 B1 EP3446785 B1 EP 3446785B1 EP 18187895 A EP18187895 A EP 18187895A EP 3446785 B1 EP3446785 B1 EP 3446785B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
cutting
pump
chips
cutting assembly
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EP18187895.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3446785A2 (en
EP3446785A3 (en
Inventor
Dirk Wenderott
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Brinkmann Pumpen KH Brinkmann GmbH and Co KG
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Brinkmann Pumpen KH Brinkmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3446785A3 publication Critical patent/EP3446785A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04D7/02—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type
    • F04D7/04—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type the fluids being viscous or non-homogenous
    • F04D7/045—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type the fluids being viscous or non-homogenous with means for comminuting, mixing stirring or otherwise treating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/181—Axial flow rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2261—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures
    • F04D29/2288—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures for comminuting, mixing or separating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating a chip-loaded liquid in a collecting basin, the liquid being sucked from the bottom of the collecting basin by means of a cutting mechanism which is immersed in the liquid and has a rotating cutting wheel.
  • the invention is concerned with a method for treating cooling lubricant emulsions which are used in machine tools for cooling and lubricating the tools and workpieces.
  • the cooling lubricant emulsion running off the tool and the workpiece in the machining zone of a machine tool is collected and passed into a collecting basin, from which it is then sucked off with the aid of a cooling lubricant pump and then filtered and returned to the machining zone.
  • the cooling lubricant emulsions are often contaminated with metal chips that have arisen in the machining process and then reach the collecting basin with the collected liquid.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid malfunctions in systems in which a chip-laden liquid is collected in a collecting basin and pumped out again, even in the event of a large amount of chips.
  • this object is achieved in that, after the chips have been comminuted, the liquid is returned to the collecting basin with the cutting device.
  • the function of comminuting the chips is thus separated from the function of pumping the liquid out of the collecting basin.
  • the cutting unit reduces the amount of coarse chips in the liquid and thus relieves the actual suction pump. This has the advantage that malfunctions when the chips are shredded, for example due to an overload of the cutting unit, do not directly impair the function of the pump, so that the machine tool can continue to operate undisturbed.
  • the size reduction can be adapted to the respective amount of chips.
  • Another advantage is that the size of the chips returned to the tool with the emulsion does not depend on the current delivery rate of the pump, but is controlled via the size reduction rate of the cutting pump and the operating time of this pump and, for example, with the help of a sieve at the inlet of the delivery pump can be limited.
  • the invention also relates to a cutting mechanism which is designed to carry out the method described above.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out with a conventional pump with an integrated cutting unit, by connecting a valve arrangement to the pressure port of the pump, with which the liquid is optionally returned to the filter and then to the processing zone of the machine tool or is returned directly to the collecting basin .
  • the pump can then be used to shred chips "in stock" with the aid of the cutting unit.
  • a peripheral region of a collecting basin 10 is shown in a vertical section, which serves, for example, for collecting cooling lubricant emulsion in the machine bed of a machine tool, not shown.
  • the collecting basin 10 has a bottom 12 and a side wall 14 and is filled to a certain level with a liquid 16 (cooling lubricant emulsion). If the fill level exceeds an upper limit value, liquid is drawn off with the aid of a cooling lubricant pump (not shown) and returned to the machining zone of the machine tool via a filter.
  • a cutting mechanism 18 is arranged in the collecting basin 10, which serves to shred chips, in particular metal chips, that have arisen during the machining process with the machine tool and have reached the collecting basin 10 with the liquid 16 and then predominantly settle the bottom 12 of the collecting basin.
  • the cutting device 18 is mounted on a lower end of a motor housing 20, which is arranged for the most part outside of the collecting basin 10 and receives a motor, not shown, which drives a motor shaft 22 which is rotatably mounted in the motor housing.
  • the cutting unit 18 has a cutting unit housing 24, which is immersed in the liquid 16 and forms a vertical, downwardly opening suction nozzle 26 in the lower region, to which a pump chamber 28 with a larger diameter adjoins at the top.
  • a radial impeller 30 is arranged on the motor shaft 22 within the pump chamber 28 and a cutting wheel 32 is arranged inside the intake port 26, which is designed here as an axial impeller.
  • the intake port 26 is closed at the bottom by a cutting plate 34 which forms a plurality of inlet openings through which the liquid 16 can enter the intake port 26.
  • Radially running edges at the lower ends of the wings of the cutting wheel 32 are designed as cutting edges, and Radial webs of the cutting plate 34, which separate the inlet openings from one another, form counter-knives over which the cutting edges of the cutting wheel 32 move so that a shearing effect is achieved.
  • the cutting edges of the cutting wheel 32 or the counter knives can optionally be serrated.
  • An extension 36 of the motor shaft 22 protrudes downward out of the cutter housing 24 and carries at the lower end a pre-shredder 38 with two radial vanes which move close above the bottom 12 of the collecting basin and are inclined in such a way that they move upwards in the liquid generate directed flow to the intake port 26.
  • the pump chamber 28 is connected at its outer circumferential edge to a plurality of outlet channels 40 distributed over the circumference, which open into the collecting basin 10 on the underside of the cutter housing 24.
  • the suction pump can have its own cutting unit, which in principle is the has the same structure as the cutting unit 18 shown here, so that overall a greater size reduction capacity is available.
  • a solution is preferred in which only the size of the passed chips is limited in the suction pump, for example with the aid of a sieve.
  • the pre-shredder 38, the cutting wheel 32 designed as an axial impeller and the radial impeller 30 generate a circulating flow in the liquid 16 which is directed radially to the axis of the motor shaft 22 near the bottom of the collecting basin 10, so that also chips which are at a greater distance from it
  • the radial impeller 30 can be omitted.
  • the liquid 16 then circulates more slowly through the cutting mechanism, so that fewer chips per unit of time are fed to the cutting wheel 32, while on the other hand practically the entire torque of the motor is available for comminuting the chips.
  • This variant is therefore particularly suitable for applications with very thick or hard and therefore difficult to shred chips.
  • Fig. 2 the lower end of a known suction pump for cooling lubricants is shown in an axial section, into which a cutting mechanism 18 'is integrated.
  • the cutting mechanism 18 ' has the same structure as the cutting mechanism 18 described above, with the difference that there are no outlet channels on the outer circumference of the pump chamber 28 which lead directly back into the interior of the collecting basin.
  • the pump chamber 28 is connected on the outer circumference of its upper side to a spiral housing 44 which opens into a pressure port 46.
  • the engine case 20 after Fig. 1 is replaced here by a pump housing 20 ', which receives the drive motor of the pump and also forms the pressure port 46.
  • a valve arrangement 48 which is shown only schematically here and has two check valves 50, 52, is connected to the pressure port 46.
  • the check valve 50 is arranged in a line 54 which leads to the machining zone of the machine tool via a filter, not shown.
  • the valve 52 is arranged in a branch line 56, which branches off from the line 54 or from the pressure connection and leads back into the collecting basin 10.
  • the check valves 50, 52 can be switched electronically, for example.
  • the check valve 50 In normal pump operation, the check valve 50 is open and the check valve 52 is closed. However, if no cooling lubricant emulsion is to be pumped because there is no need in the processing zone or because the fill level in the collecting basin is too low, the pump operation is continued and only the shut-off valve 50 is closed and instead the shut-off valve 52 is opened so that the liquid is similar as in Fig. 1 circulates in a closed circuit, the chips being shredded by the cutter 18 '.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Behandeln einer spänebelasteten Flüssigkeit in einem Sammelbecken, die Flüssigkeit mittels eines in die Flüssigkeit eintauchenden, ein rotierendes Schneidrad aufweisenden Schneidwerkes vom Boden des Sammelbeckens angesaugt wird.The invention relates to a method for treating a chip-loaded liquid in a collecting basin, the liquid being sucked from the bottom of the collecting basin by means of a cutting mechanism which is immersed in the liquid and has a rotating cutting wheel.

Insbesondere befasst sich die Erfindung mit einem Verfahren zum Behandeln von Kühlschmierstoffemulsionen, die in Werkzeugmaschinen zum Kühlen und Schmieren der Werkzeuge und Werkstücke dienen.In particular, the invention is concerned with a method for treating cooling lubricant emulsions which are used in machine tools for cooling and lubricating the tools and workpieces.

Die in der Bearbeitungszone einer Werkzeugmaschine vom Werkzeug und vom Werkstück ablaufende Kühlschmierstoffemulsion wird aufgefangen und in ein Sammelbecken geleitet, aus dem sie dann mit Hilfe einer Kühlschmierstoffpumpe abgesaugt und anschließend gefiltert und wieder zur Bearbeitungszone zurückgeleitet wird. Häufig sind die Kühlschmierstoffemulsionen mit Metallspänen belastet, die im Bearbeitungsprozess entstanden sind und dann mit der aufgefangenen Flüssigkeit in das Sammelbecken gelangen.The cooling lubricant emulsion running off the tool and the workpiece in the machining zone of a machine tool is collected and passed into a collecting basin, from which it is then sucked off with the aid of a cooling lubricant pump and then filtered and returned to the machining zone. The cooling lubricant emulsions are often contaminated with metal chips that have arisen in the machining process and then reach the collecting basin with the collected liquid.

Es ist deshalb bekannt, in den Ansaugstutzen einer Kühlschmierstoffpumpe ein Schneidwerk zu integrieren, das ein durch die Pumpenwelle angetriebenes Schneidrad aufweist und dazu dient, grobe Späne beim Eintritt in die Pumpe zu zerkleinern, so dass sie nicht zu Funktionsstörungen in der Pumpe oder im nachgeschalteten Leitungssystem führen. Beispiele solcher Pumpen werden beschrieben in EP 1 817 501 B1 , EP 1 861 624 B1 und EP 3 042 081 A1 . WO 2015/017740 A1 beschreibt eine Schmutzwasserpumpe mit einem Schneidwerk zum zerkleinern von Schmutzpartikeln.It is therefore known to integrate a cutting unit in the intake manifold of a cooling lubricant pump, which has a cutting wheel driven by the pump shaft and serves to crush coarse chips when entering the pump, so that they do not lead to malfunctions in the pump or in the downstream line system. Examples of such pumps are described in EP 1 817 501 B1 , EP 1 861 624 B1 and EP 3 042 081 A1 . WO 2015/017740 A1 describes a dirty water pump with a cutting unit for crushing dirt particles.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, in Systemen, in denen eine spänebelastete Flüssigkeit in einem Sammelbecken aufgefangen und wieder abgepumpt wird, Funktionsstörungen auch bei starkem Späneanfall zu vermeiden.The object of the invention is to avoid malfunctions in systems in which a chip-laden liquid is collected in a collecting basin and pumped out again, even in the event of a large amount of chips.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Flüssigkeit nach Zerkleinerung der Späne mit dem Schneidwerk unmittelbar wieder in das Sammelbecken zurückgeleitet wird.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that, after the chips have been comminuted, the liquid is returned to the collecting basin with the cutting device.

Erfindungsgemäß wird somit die Funktion der Zerkleinerung der Späne von der Funktion des Abpumpens der Flüssigkeit aus dem Sammelbecken getrennt. Das Schneidwerk verringert den Anteil grober Späne in der Flüssigkeit und entlastet so die eigentliche Saugpumpe. Das hat den Vorteil, dass Funktionsstörungen beim Zerkleinern der Späne, etwa aufgrund einer Überlastung des Schneidwerkes, nicht unmittelbar die Funktion der Pumpe beeinträchtigen, so dass der Betrieb der Werkzeugmaschine ungestört fortgesetzt werden kann. Außerdem kann durch Einsatz eines oder mehrerer Schneidwerke, ggf. zusätzlich zu dem in die Pumpe integrierten Schneidwerk, die Zerkleinerungsleistung an den jeweiligen Späneanfall angepasst werden.According to the invention, the function of comminuting the chips is thus separated from the function of pumping the liquid out of the collecting basin. The cutting unit reduces the amount of coarse chips in the liquid and thus relieves the actual suction pump. This has the advantage that malfunctions when the chips are shredded, for example due to an overload of the cutting unit, do not directly impair the function of the pump, so that the machine tool can continue to operate undisturbed. In addition, by using one or more cutting units, possibly in addition to the cutting unit integrated in the pump, the size reduction can be adapted to the respective amount of chips.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass die Größe der mit der Emulsion zum Werkzeug zurückgeführten Späne nicht von der momentanen Förderleistung der Pumpe abhängig ist, sondern über die Zerkleinerungsleistung der Zerspanungspumpe und die Betriebsdauer dieser Pumpe gesteuert und mit z.B. mit Hilfe eines Siebes am Einlass der Förderpumpe begrenzt werden kann.Another advantage is that the size of the chips returned to the tool with the emulsion does not depend on the current delivery rate of the pump, but is controlled via the size reduction rate of the cutting pump and the operating time of this pump and, for example, with the help of a sieve at the inlet of the delivery pump can be limited.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch ein Schneidwerk, das für die Durchführung des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens ausgebildet ist.The invention also relates to a cutting mechanism which is designed to carry out the method described above.

Wahlweise lässt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch mit einer herkömmlichen Pumpe mit integriertem Schneidwerk ausführen, indem an den Druckstutzen der Pumpe eine Ventilanordnung angeschlossen wird, mit der die Flüssigkeit wahlweise in den Filter und dann zur Bearbeitungszone der Werkzeugmaschine zurückgeleitet wird oder unmittelbar in das Sammelbecken zurückgeführt wird. In den Betriebsphasen, in denen am Werkzeug keine Kühlschmierstoffemulsion benötigt wird und die Pumpe normalerweise stillstehen würde, kann dann die Pumpe dazu benutzt werden, mit Hilfe des Schneidwerkes Späne "auf Vorrat" zu zerkleinern. Dabei ergibt sich zugleich der Vorteil, dass in den Phasen, in denen keine Kühlschmierstoffemulsion benötigt wird oder die Flüssigkeit im Sammelbecken ihren minimalen Füllstand erreicht, so dass keine weitere Flüssigkeit abgepumpt werden sollte, der Pumpenbetrieb fortgesetzt werden kann, so dass lange Stillstandszeiten und ein häufiges Ein- und Ausschalten der Pumpe und die damit verbundenen Probleme vermieden werden.Optionally, the method according to the invention can also be carried out with a conventional pump with an integrated cutting unit, by connecting a valve arrangement to the pressure port of the pump, with which the liquid is optionally returned to the filter and then to the processing zone of the machine tool or is returned directly to the collecting basin . In the operating phases in which no cooling lubricant emulsion is required on the tool and the pump would normally be at a standstill, the pump can then be used to shred chips "in stock" with the aid of the cutting unit. This also has the advantage that in those phases in which no cooling lubricant emulsion is required or the liquid in the reservoir reaches its minimum level so that no further liquid should be pumped out, pump operation can be continued, so that long downtimes and a frequent one Switching the pump on and off and the problems associated with it can be avoided.

Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen axialen Schnitt durch ein Schneidwerk in einem Kühlschmier-stoff-Sammelbecken einer Werkzeugmaschine; und
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch eine Pumpe mit Schneidwerk und einer schema-tisch dargestellten Ventilanordnung zur Durchführung des erfindungs-gemäßen Verfahrens.
Show it:
Fig. 1
an axial section through a cutting unit in a cooling lubricant reservoir of a machine tool; and
Fig. 2
a section through a pump with cutter and a schematic valve arrangement for performing the inventive method.

In Fig. 1 ist in einem vertikalen Schnitt ein Randbereich eines Sammelbeckens 10 gezeigt, das beispielsweise zum Sammeln von Kühlschmierstoffemulsion im Maschinenbett einer nicht gezeigten Werkzeugmaschine dient. Das Sammelbecken 10 weist einen Boden 12 und eine Seitenwand 14 auf und ist bis zu einem gewissen Füllstand mit einer Flüssigkeit 16 (Kühlschmierstoffemulsion) gefüllt. Wenn der Füllstand einen oberen Grenzwert überschreitet, wird mit Hilfe einer nicht gezeigten Kühlschmierstoffpumpe Flüssigkeit abgesaugt und über einen Filter zur Bearbeitungszone der Werkzeugmaschine zurückgeleitet.In Fig. 1 a peripheral region of a collecting basin 10 is shown in a vertical section, which serves, for example, for collecting cooling lubricant emulsion in the machine bed of a machine tool, not shown. The collecting basin 10 has a bottom 12 and a side wall 14 and is filled to a certain level with a liquid 16 (cooling lubricant emulsion). If the fill level exceeds an upper limit value, liquid is drawn off with the aid of a cooling lubricant pump (not shown) and returned to the machining zone of the machine tool via a filter.

Unabhängig von der Kühlschmierstoffpumpe ist in dem Sammelbecken 10 ein Schneidwerk 18 angeordnet, das dazu dient, Späne, insbesondere Metallspäne zu zerkleinern, die bei dem Bearbeitungsprozess mit der Werkzeugmaschine entstanden sind und mit der Flüssigkeit 16 in das Sammelbecken 10 gelangt sind und sich dann vorwiegend auf dem Boden 12 des Sammelbeckens absetzen.Regardless of the cooling lubricant pump, a cutting mechanism 18 is arranged in the collecting basin 10, which serves to shred chips, in particular metal chips, that have arisen during the machining process with the machine tool and have reached the collecting basin 10 with the liquid 16 and then predominantly settle the bottom 12 of the collecting basin.

Das Schneidwerk 18 ist an einem unteren Ende eines Motorgehäuses 20 montiert, das größtenteils außerhalb des Sammelbeckens 10 angeordnet ist und weiter oberhalb einen nicht gezeigten Motor aufnimmt, der eine drehbar im Motorgehäuse gelagerte Motorwelle 22 antreibt.The cutting device 18 is mounted on a lower end of a motor housing 20, which is arranged for the most part outside of the collecting basin 10 and receives a motor, not shown, which drives a motor shaft 22 which is rotatably mounted in the motor housing.

Das Schneidwerk 18 weist ein Schneidwerkgehäuse 24 auf, das in die Flüssigkeit 16 eintaucht und im unteren Bereich einen vertikalen, sich nach unten öffnenden Ansaugstutzen 26 bildet, an den sich nach oben eine Pumpenkammer 28 mit größerem Durchmesser anschließt. Auf der Motorwelle 22 ist innerhalb der Pumpenkammer 28 ein Radiallaufrad 30 und innerhalb des Ansaugstutzens 26 ein Schneidrad 32 angeordnet, das hier als Axiallaufrad ausgebildet ist. Der Ansaugstutzen 26 ist nach unten durch eine Schneidplatte 34 abgeschlossen, die mehrere Einlassöffnungen bildet, über die die Flüssigkeit 16 in den Ansaugstutzen 26 eintreten kann. Radial verlaufende Kanten an den unteren Enden der Flügel des Schneidrades 32 sind als Schneiden ausgebildet, und radiale Stege der Schneidplatte 34, die die Einlassöffnungen voneinander trennen, bilden Gegenmesser, über die sich die Schneiden des Schneidrades 32 so hinweg bewegen, dass eine Scherwirkung erzielt wird. Wahlweise können die Schneiden des Schneidrades 32 oder die Gegenmesser gezahnt sein.The cutting unit 18 has a cutting unit housing 24, which is immersed in the liquid 16 and forms a vertical, downwardly opening suction nozzle 26 in the lower region, to which a pump chamber 28 with a larger diameter adjoins at the top. A radial impeller 30 is arranged on the motor shaft 22 within the pump chamber 28 and a cutting wheel 32 is arranged inside the intake port 26, which is designed here as an axial impeller. The intake port 26 is closed at the bottom by a cutting plate 34 which forms a plurality of inlet openings through which the liquid 16 can enter the intake port 26. Radially running edges at the lower ends of the wings of the cutting wheel 32 are designed as cutting edges, and Radial webs of the cutting plate 34, which separate the inlet openings from one another, form counter-knives over which the cutting edges of the cutting wheel 32 move so that a shearing effect is achieved. The cutting edges of the cutting wheel 32 or the counter knives can optionally be serrated.

Ein Fortsatz 36 der Motorwelle 22 ragt nach unten aus dem Schneidwerkgehäuse 24 heraus und trägt am unteren Ende einen Vorzerkleinerer 38 mit zwei radialen Flügeln, die sich dicht oberhalb des Bodens 12 des Sammelbeckens bewegen und derart schräg angestellt sind, dass sie in der Flüssigkeit eine aufwärts gerichtete Strömung zum Ansaugstutzen 26 hin erzeugen.An extension 36 of the motor shaft 22 protrudes downward out of the cutter housing 24 and carries at the lower end a pre-shredder 38 with two radial vanes which move close above the bottom 12 of the collecting basin and are inclined in such a way that they move upwards in the liquid generate directed flow to the intake port 26.

Die Pumpenkammer 28 ist an ihrem äußeren Umfangsrand mit mehreren auf dem Umfang verteilten Auslasskanälen 40 verbunden, die sich an der Unterseite des Schneidwerkgehäuses 24 in das Sammelbecken 10 öffnen.The pump chamber 28 is connected at its outer circumferential edge to a plurality of outlet channels 40 distributed over the circumference, which open into the collecting basin 10 on the underside of the cutter housing 24.

Wenn die Motorwelle 22 angetrieben wird, so werden mit Hilfe des Vorzerkleinerers 38 Späne angesaugt, die sich auf dem Boden 12 des Sammelbeckens abgesetzt haben. Die angesaugten Späne werden dabei zum Teil durch die Flügel des Vorzerkleinerers zerschlagen und gelangen dann über die Einlassöffnungen der Schneidplatte 34 in den Ansaugstutzen 26. Beim Eintritt in den Ansaugstutzen werden die Späne durch die Schneiden des Schneidrades 32 und die damit zusammenwirkenden Gegenmesser weiter zerkleinert. Das Radiallaufrad 30 erzeugt einen aufwärts und radial auswärts gerichteten Sog, durch den die Flüssigkeit und die fein zerkleinerten Späne in die Auslasskanäle 40 gefördert und dann wieder in das Sammelbecken 10 zurückgeleitet werden.When the motor shaft 22 is driven, chips which have settled on the floor 12 of the collecting basin are sucked in with the aid of the pre-shredder 38. The sucked-in chips are partially broken up by the wings of the pre-shredder and then reach the intake port 26 via the inlet openings of the cutting plate 34. When entering the intake port, the chips are further crushed by the cutting wheel 32 and the counter knife interacting therewith. The radial impeller 30 generates an upward and radially outward suction, through which the liquid and the finely ground chips are conveyed into the outlet channels 40 and then returned to the collecting basin 10.

Auf diese Weise wird durch das Schneidwerk 18 der Anteil grober Späne im Sammelbecken 10 verringert, so dass das Sammelbecken vorwiegend fein zerkleinerte Späne enthält, die den Betrieb der nicht gezeigten Saugpumpe nicht beeinträchtigen. Wahlweise kann jedoch die Saugpumpe ein eigenes Schneidwerk aufweisen, das im Prinzip den gleichen Aufbau hat wie das hier gezeigte Schneidwerk 18, so dass insgesamt eine größere Zerkleinerungsleistung zur Verfügung steht. Bevorzugt ist jedoch eine Lösung, bei der in der Saugpumpe lediglich die Größe der durchgelassenen Späne begrenzt wird, beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Siebes.In this way, the proportion of coarse chips in the collecting basin 10 is reduced by the cutting unit 18, so that the collecting basin predominantly contains finely ground chips which do not impair the operation of the suction pump, not shown. Optionally, however, the suction pump can have its own cutting unit, which in principle is the has the same structure as the cutting unit 18 shown here, so that overall a greater size reduction capacity is available. However, a solution is preferred in which only the size of the passed chips is limited in the suction pump, for example with the aid of a sieve.

Der Vorzerkleinerer 38, das als Axiallaufrad ausgebildete Schneidrad 32 und das Radiallaufrad 30 erzeugen in der Flüssigkeit 16 eine zirkulierende Strömung, die in Bodennähe des Sammelbeckens 10 radial zur Achse der Motorwelle 22 gerichtet ist, so dass auch Späne, die sich in größerer Entfernung zu dem Schneidwerk 18 auf dem Boden 12 des Sammelbeckens abgesetzt haben, in den Einzugsbereich des Vorzerkleinerers 38 transportiert werden. Dabei sind es insbesondere die gröberen und schwereren Späne, die auf diese Weise zum Schneidwerk transportiert werden, während die bereits zerkleinerten feineren Späne sich langsamer absetzen und deshalb länger in der Flüssigkeit 16 oberhalb des Bodens 12 in der Schwebe bleiben.The pre-shredder 38, the cutting wheel 32 designed as an axial impeller and the radial impeller 30 generate a circulating flow in the liquid 16 which is directed radially to the axis of the motor shaft 22 near the bottom of the collecting basin 10, so that also chips which are at a greater distance from it Have set the cutting unit 18 on the floor 12 of the collecting basin, are transported into the feed area of the pre-shredder 38. In particular, it is the coarser and heavier chips that are transported to the cutting unit in this way, while the finer chips that have already been comminuted settle more slowly and therefore remain in suspension in the liquid 16 above the base 12 for longer.

In einer modifizierten Ausführungsform kann das Radiallaufrad 30 fortgelassen werden. Die Flüssigkeit 16 zirkuliert dann langsamer durch das Schneidwerk, so dass dem Schneidrad 32 weniger Späne pro Zeiteinheit zugeführt werden, während andererseits praktisch das gesamte Drehmoment des Motors für die Zerkleinerung der Späne zur Verfügung steht. Diese Variante eignet sich deshalb besonders für Einsatzfälle mit sehr dicken oder harten und daher schwer zu zerkleinernden Spänen.In a modified embodiment, the radial impeller 30 can be omitted. The liquid 16 then circulates more slowly through the cutting mechanism, so that fewer chips per unit of time are fed to the cutting wheel 32, while on the other hand practically the entire torque of the motor is available for comminuting the chips. This variant is therefore particularly suitable for applications with very thick or hard and therefore difficult to shred chips.

In Fig. 2 ist in einem axialen Schnitt das untere Ende einer bekannten Saugpumpe für Kühlschmierstoffe gezeigt, in die ein Schneidwerk 18' integriert ist. Das Schneidwerk 18' hat im Prinzip den gleichen Aufbau wie das zuvor beschriebene Schneidwerk 18, nur mit dem Unterschied, dass am äußeren Umfang der Pumpenkammer 28 keine Auslasskanäle angeordnet sind, die direkt in das Innere des Sammelbeckens zurückführen. Stattdessen ist die Pumpenkammer 28 am äußeren Umfang ihrer Oberseite mit einem Spiralgehäuse 44 verbunden, das in einen Druckstutzen 46 mündet. Das Motorgehäuse 20 nach Fig. 1 ist hier ersetzt durch ein Pumpengehäuse 20', das den Antriebsmotor der Pumpe aufnimmt und auch den Druckstutzen 46 bildet.In Fig. 2 the lower end of a known suction pump for cooling lubricants is shown in an axial section, into which a cutting mechanism 18 'is integrated. In principle, the cutting mechanism 18 'has the same structure as the cutting mechanism 18 described above, with the difference that there are no outlet channels on the outer circumference of the pump chamber 28 which lead directly back into the interior of the collecting basin. Instead, the pump chamber 28 is connected on the outer circumference of its upper side to a spiral housing 44 which opens into a pressure port 46. The engine case 20 after Fig. 1 is replaced here by a pump housing 20 ', which receives the drive motor of the pump and also forms the pressure port 46.

Die von der Pumpe 42 angesaugte Flüssigkeit wird durch das Schneidrad und das Radiallaufrad in den Druckstutzen 46 gefördert, wobei die mitgeführten Späne durch das Schneidrad zerkleinert werden. An den Druckstutzen 46 ist eine hier nur schematisch dargestellte Ventilanordnung 48 angeschlossen, die zwei Sperrventile 50, 52 aufweist. Das Sperrventil 50 ist in einer Leitung 54 angeordnet, die über einen nicht gezeigten Filter zur Bearbeitungszone der Werkzeugmaschine führt. Das Ventil 52 ist dagegen in einer Zweigleitung 56 angeordnet, die von der Leitung 54 bzw. vom Druckstutzen abzweigt und in das Sammelbecken 10 zurückführt. Die Sperrventile 50, 52 sind beispielsweise elektronisch umschaltbar.The liquid sucked in by the pump 42 is conveyed through the cutting wheel and the radial impeller into the pressure port 46, the chips carried along being crushed by the cutting wheel. A valve arrangement 48, which is shown only schematically here and has two check valves 50, 52, is connected to the pressure port 46. The check valve 50 is arranged in a line 54 which leads to the machining zone of the machine tool via a filter, not shown. The valve 52, on the other hand, is arranged in a branch line 56, which branches off from the line 54 or from the pressure connection and leads back into the collecting basin 10. The check valves 50, 52 can be switched electronically, for example.

Im normalen Pumpenbetrieb ist das Sperrventil 50 geöffnet und das Sperrventil 52 geschlossen. Wenn jedoch keine Kühlschmierstoffemulsion gefördert werden soll, weil in der Bearbeitungszone kein Bedarf besteht oder weil der Füllstand im Sammelbecken zu niedrig ist, so wird der Pumpenbetrieb fortgesetzt und es wird lediglich das Sperrventil 50 geschlossen und stattdessen das Sperrventil 52 geöffnet, so dass die Flüssigkeit ähnlich wie in Fig. 1 in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf zirkuliert, wobei die Späne durch das Schneidwerk 18' zerkleinert werden.In normal pump operation, the check valve 50 is open and the check valve 52 is closed. However, if no cooling lubricant emulsion is to be pumped because there is no need in the processing zone or because the fill level in the collecting basin is too low, the pump operation is continued and only the shut-off valve 50 is closed and instead the shut-off valve 52 is opened so that the liquid is similar as in Fig. 1 circulates in a closed circuit, the chips being shredded by the cutter 18 '.

Claims (5)

  1. A method for treating, in a collecting basin (10), a liquid (16) that is loaded with chippings, wherein the liquid (16) is sucked-off from the bottom (12) of the basin (10) by means of a cutting assembly (18; 18') that has a rotating cutting wheel (32), characterized in that the liquid is directly returned into the collecting basin after the chippings have been chopped with the cutting assembly.
  2. A cutting assembly (18) for carrying out the method according to claim 1, the assembly comprising a casing (24) configured to be immersed into the liquid (16) and forming a suction port (26) that accommodates a cutting wheel (32) driven by a motor shaft (22), wherein the cutting wheel (32) and/or a separate impeller (30) is configured for creating a suction in the suction port (26) for sucking-in the liquid (16), characterized in that the casing (24) of the cutting assembly has at least one discharge passage (40) that leads from the discharge side of the suction port (26) back to the intake side of this suction port and is configured to return the liquid that has been sucked into the suction port (26) directly into the collecting basin (10).
  3. The cutting assembly according to claim 2, wherein the cutting wheel (32) is configured as a pump impeller, in particular an axial impeller.
  4. The cutting assembly according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a radial impeller (30) is mounted on the motor shaft (20) in a pump chamber (28) the outer circumference of which is connected to the at least one discharge passage (40).
  5. The cutting assembly according to any of the claims 2 to 4, wherein a pre-chopper (38), that is located closely above the bottom (12) of the collecting vessel (10) when the cutting assembly is installed, is mounted on an extension (26) of the motor shaft (22), which extension projects out of the casing (24) of the cutting assembly.
EP18187895.0A 2017-08-21 2018-08-08 Method for treating a liquid loaded with chips Active EP3446785B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102017119019.8A DE102017119019A1 (en) 2017-08-21 2017-08-21 Method for treating a chip-loaded liquid

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EP3446785A2 EP3446785A2 (en) 2019-02-27
EP3446785A3 EP3446785A3 (en) 2019-04-03
EP3446785B1 true EP3446785B1 (en) 2020-03-25

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EP (1) EP3446785B1 (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110159551B (en) * 2019-06-12 2021-01-01 华南泵业(赣州)有限公司 Multistage cutting efficient submersible sewage pump
CN116241498A (en) * 2023-04-17 2023-06-09 四川省机械研究设计院(集团)有限公司 Cutting type overload-free impeller

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DE1131953B (en) * 1958-06-07 1962-06-20 Ewald Burger Sand protection bell for wall penetrations of underwater waves, especially centrifugal pumps
US3325107A (en) * 1964-01-16 1967-06-13 Ultra Inc Disintegrator pump
DE4423149C2 (en) * 1994-07-04 1998-01-29 Orpu Gmbh Multi-stage free-flow pump
WO2006058605A1 (en) 2004-12-03 2006-06-08 Brinkmann Pumpen K.H. Brinkmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Pump with cutting impeller
DE102005014348B3 (en) 2005-03-24 2006-08-10 Brinkmann Pumpen K.H. Brinkmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Pump, e.g. for machine tools for supplying cooling lubricant emulsions polluted with metal filings, has a cutting running wheel, associated counter blades and a coarse-crusher
DE102008031842B3 (en) * 2008-07-05 2010-03-04 Brinkmann Pumpen K.H. Brinkmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Pump with cutting wheel and pre-shredder
DE202008010817U1 (en) * 2008-08-05 2008-10-16 Burgmann Industries Gmbh & Co. Kg Pump arrangement with cyclone separator
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DE202013103972U1 (en) 2013-09-04 2014-12-15 Brinkmann Pumpen K.H. Brinkmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Pump with cutting wheel and pre-shredder

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EP3446785A2 (en) 2019-02-27
US20190055955A1 (en) 2019-02-21
EP3446785A3 (en) 2019-04-03
JP2019035407A (en) 2019-03-07
DE102017119019A1 (en) 2019-02-21

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