EP3437115A1 - Système d'hybridation pour courant continu haute tension - Google Patents
Système d'hybridation pour courant continu haute tensionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3437115A1 EP3437115A1 EP18728688.5A EP18728688A EP3437115A1 EP 3437115 A1 EP3437115 A1 EP 3437115A1 EP 18728688 A EP18728688 A EP 18728688A EP 3437115 A1 EP3437115 A1 EP 3437115A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- terminal
- terminals
- switch
- electric arc
- hybridization system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/547—Combinations of mechanical switches and static switches, the latter being controlled by the former
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
- H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
- H01H2009/544—Contacts shunted by static switch means the static switching means being an insulated gate bipolar transistor, e.g. IGBT, Darlington configuration of FET and bipolar transistor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
- H01H2009/546—Contacts shunted by static switch means the static switching means being triggered by the voltage over the mechanical switch contacts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electronic hybridization system capable of operating a contactor, a fuse or a circuit breaker in high-voltage direct current.
- the invention finds applications in the field of electrical distribution and more particularly in the field of onboard electrical distribution.
- Hybrid contactors are contactors using two simultaneous switching technologies, one based on electromechanical switching and the other based on electronic switching using semiconductors. Each of these technologies has advantages and disadvantages.
- Electromechanical switching provides low voltage drop across the contactor and good galvanic isolation. On the other hand, electric arcs are created when the contactor opens and closes, causing erosion of the contacts. The electronic switching is, in turn, arc-free but does not offer the advantages of electromechanical technology in terms of voltage drop and galvanic isolation.
- hybridization makes it possible to improve the lifetime of the contacts of the electromechanical contactor and possibly the response time of the contactor when opening and closing.
- hybridization consists in using one or more power transistors in parallel or in series with the contactor electromechanical.
- the power transistor is then controlled to assist the electromechanical contactor on opening and closing and to suppress arcing.
- the energy used for this command comes from an external auxiliary source.
- Such a hybrid contactor is for example described in patent application US 2014/0175060 (Reymond et al.).
- DC high-voltage fuses use the arcing voltage in order to cut the circuit current in case of a fault, these fuses have the drawback of being cumbersome since the arc voltage is obtained by a distance of larger fuse material that imposes forms of fuse long enough.
- a third type of circuit breaker is constituted by DC high voltage circuit breakers.
- DC high-voltage circuit breakers are typically realized by means of transistor circuits with current measurement and trip logic when the overload mask is exceeded.
- hybridization also brings a number of disadvantages.
- the first is the complexity of switching systems.
- the second disadvantage is the need to have an auxiliary power source specific to the electronic part. This affects the reliability and increases the maintenance costs since it is necessary to regularly check the load of the auxiliary power supply.
- the document US2012 / 0007657 describes a hybrid interruption system whose electronic part is fed by a charging capacitor during the arc formation time created when the mechanical switch is opened.
- a hybridization system for an electrical device having two terminals and two states, a closed state allowing an electric current to flow between the two terminals and an open state blocking the flow of electric current between the terminals, the device being adapted so that an electric arc is generated during the transition from the closed state to the open state, comprises:
- a timed switch having two terminals connected to the two conductors and said delayed switch being adapted to be in open mode by default and, after a first predetermined duration d1 following the tripping of the electric arc, to go into closed mode for a second duration predetermined d2.
- the hybridization system further comprises a power supply for the timed switch, the power supply being connected to the two conductors and being adapted so that the energy comes solely from the electrical energy supplied by the electric arc.
- the power supply comprising a rectifier module connected in input to the two conductors and having an output connected to a ballast, itself connected via a diode to an energy store having two terminals connected to the time switch.
- the time delay switch comprises an electronic semiconductor switch connected to the two terminals of the time-delayed switch, and a control circuit for said semiconductor electronic switch powered by said power supply;
- the system further comprises a dissipative circuit connected in parallel across said timed switch; and or
- the system further comprises a monitoring circuit powered by the power supply and adapted to detect the electric arc voltage at the terminals and the duration of the electric arc voltage and to generate a signal of good functioning or anomaly intended outside supervision.
- a hybrid contactor adapted to operate in high voltage direct current comprises:
- an electromechanical contactor module connected between a first terminal and a second terminal, said electromechanical contactor module comprising at least two fixed contacts and at least two movable contacts, each of the two movable contacts being able to come into contact with a specific fixed contact; between said first terminal and a separate intermediate terminal of said first and second terminals, which electromechanical contactor module is adapted to be selectively in a closed state or an open state. It further comprises a hybridization system according to one of the above embodiments connected between the second terminal and the intermediate terminal.
- an electrical protection system adapted to operate in high voltage direct current comprises a conductive element connected between a first terminal and a second terminal, said conductive element being able to pass from a state. closed to an open state when the current flowing in said conductive element exceeds a predetermined value. It further comprises a hybridization system according to one of the above embodiments connected between the first terminal and the second terminal.
- the conductive element of the protection circuit is a fuse.
- a circuit breaker adapted to operate in high voltage direct current comprises a conductive circuit connected between a first terminal and a second terminal, the conducting circuit being able to pass from a closed state to a open state when the current flowing in the conductive circuit exceeds a predetermined overload mask. It further comprises a hybridization system according to one of the above embodiments connected between the first terminal and the second terminal.
- FIG. 1 represents the diagram of a hybrid contactor according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 represents a timing diagram of the state of the electromechanical contactor and the electronic switch of the hybrid contactor of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a hybrid contactor
- FIG. 4 represents the different operating phases of the hybrid contactor of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 represents an autonomous power supply according to one embodiment of the invention;
- FIG. 6 represents a hybridization system comprising a monitoring device according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7 represents a fuse associated with a hybridization system according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 9 represents a circuit breaker associated with a hybridization system according to one embodiment of the invention.
- High-voltage direct current means a continuous electric current with a voltage greater than 100V.
- the standard is for example 270V for avionics avionics systems.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a hybrid contactor according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- the hybrid contactor, referenced 1 is connected in series with a DC high voltage power source 2 and a load 3.
- the hybrid contactor 1 comprises an electromechanical contactor 10. This electromechanical contactor is connected between two terminals referenced A and B. The terminal B is connected to ground.
- the electromechanical contactor 10 can take two states:
- the hybrid contactor 1 further comprises a hybridization system 5 comprising an electronic switch 12 connected between the terminal A of the electromechanical contactor and the terminal B.
- the electronic switch 12 is controlled by a control circuit 15 powered by a electronic power supply 1 1.
- This electronic power supply is connected directly to terminals A and B of the electromechanical contactor so as to receive the electric arc voltage and store this energy.
- the hybridization system 5 further comprises a first protection circuit 14, dissipative type to protect the electronic switch 12 against overvoltages at the time of opening of the time switch.
- This first protection circuit is connected in parallel with the electronic switch 12.
- This first protection circuit 14 is for example a transient voltage suppression diode.
- the hybridization system 5 further comprises a second protection circuit 13 connected in series with the electronic switch 12 between the terminal A and the terminal B, to open the hybrid contactor in case of failure of the electronic switch 12 when the latter remains locked in the closed state.
- the protection circuit 13 opens and remains open.
- the protection circuit 13 is for example a fuse.
- the control of the electronic switch 12 is illustrated by the timing diagram of FIG. 2.
- the control of the electronic switch is locked with respect to that of the electromechanical contactor 10 also illustrated by a time diagram in FIG. 2.
- the electromechanical contactor 10 goes from the closed state to the open state at a time referenced t0
- the electronic switch 12 is controlled for, at the end of a predetermined time d1 after the instant t0, connect electrically terminal A to terminal B for a predetermined duration d2.
- the electronic switch is in a closed state for the duration d2. It goes back to the open state at the end of the duration d2.
- This hybrid contactor allows to allow the presence of arcing between contacts A and B of the electromechanical contactor 10 for a limited time to maintain their contact cleaning function without damaging them.
- the hybrid contactor 1 comprises an electromechanical movable paddle switch 10 with insulation compatible with the high voltage.
- This electromechanical contactor also called a dual-establishment switch, is connected between the two terminals labeled A and B. Terminal B is connected to ground.
- the electromechanical contactor 10 comprises two fixed contacts CO1 and CO2, and two movable contacts CO3 and CO4 mounted on the mobile pallet C3 of conductive material. The CO3 and CO4 mobile contacts are permanently connected to each other via the mobile pallet.
- the electromechanical contactor 10 can take two states:
- the hybridization system 4 has a first connector t connected to the mobile pallet for a potential recovery and a second connector connected to one of the fixed contacts CO1 or CO2 as an illustration of a connection variant with galvanic isolation without additional series contact.
- FIGS. 4A to 4D show the presence or absence of an electric arc at the contacts of the electromechanical contactor 10.
- the electromechanical contactor 10 Before time tO ( Figure 4A), the electromechanical contactor 10 is in the closed state (conductive state) and the moving contacts CO3 and CO4 are respectively in contact with the fixed contacts C01 and CO2.
- the electronic switch 12 is in the open state (non-conductive state).
- the electronic switch 12 is kept in the closed state (on state) for a duration d2 between 1 s and 10 ms.
- the CO3 mobile contact is no longer powered by the electric arc between the fixed contact CO1 and the mobile contact CO3.
- the electronic switch 12 then passes, at the end of the duration d2, in the open state.
- the electric arc between the movable contact C04 and the fixed contact C04 turns off automatically. This transition to the open state is illustrated in FIG. 4D.
- This control of the electronic switch 12 allows to allow electrical arcs in the electromechanical contactor 10 for the duration d1 and then cut, one after the other, for the duration d2.
- a rectifier module 1 1 1 is connected directly to the connectors of terminals A and B. It is composed of diodes used to rectify the current passing through terminals A and B and thus to overcome the direction of the current between terminals A and B.
- the output of the rectifier module 1 1 1 is connected to a ballast 1 12 whose purpose is to stabilize the power supply.
- the output of the ballast January 12 is connected to a capacitor 1 13 which ensures the storage of energy.
- a diode 1 14 located between the ballast 1 12 and the capacitor 1 13 avoids the discharge of the capacity via the ballast 1 12.
- the capacitor 1 13 is then connected to the sequencing logic 15 to power it, so that it can control the electronic switch 12.
- control circuit 15 does not require an external power supply device. It is powered by the energy coming from the electric arcs present at the opening of the electromechanical contactor 10.
- the electromechanical contactor 10 is open and an electric arc is established by the potential difference existing between the terminals A and B. This electric arc energy then serves to charge the capacitor 1 13 during the first moments of di.
- the control circuit 15 is then powered and can close the electronic contactor
- the hybridization module 5 further comprises a monitoring circuit 40 for transmitting to an external system a calibrated slice of good health.
- the monitoring circuit 40 is powered by the power supply 1 1 and detects the electric arc voltage at the terminals A and B through the circuit 41.
- the circuit 42 detects the arc voltage duration and if this duration is less than or equal to the duration d1 + d2, the circuit 42 allows the circuit 43 to generate a calibrated slot for external supervision.
- the hybridization system 5 thus gives the contactor high voltage contactor properties.
- the contact material of the electromechanical contactor is preserved by limiting the duration of the electric arcs, which makes it possible to obtain a high number of opening / closing cycles.
- the contactor is advantageously insensitive to the indirect effects of lightning and electromagnetic compatibility.
- Hybridization system 5 can also be used with a fuse or circuit breaker.
- an electric arc is created after the so-called pre-arc duration.
- the power supply module stores energy thanks to the back electromotive voltage of the electric arc.
- the fuse 20 is then short-circuited for the duration d2 so as to suppress the electric arc.
- the electric arc then turns off automatically because it is no longer crossed by an electric current.
- the durations d1 and d2 are advantageously determined to adjust the melting time of the fuse. [69] Thus the electric arc is removed well before the complete melting of the fuse material used nominally for low voltage.
- FIGS. 8A to 8D show the presence or absence of an electric arc at the low-voltage fuse 20.
- the electronic switch 12 is kept in the closed state for a time d2 between * ⁇ ⁇ and 10ms. Then, at the end of this duration d2, the electronic switch goes to the open state, Figure 8D.
- the hybridization system 5 is used with a low voltage electromechanical circuit breaker 30.
- This assembly advantageously provides the circuit breaker high voltage circuit breaker properties while reducing the size of such a high-voltage circuit breaker.
- the electronic switch 12 may consist of different elements, FIG.
- Figure 10A shows a switch consisting of two MOSFET transistors in series whose intrinsic body diode provides bidirectional current.
- Figure 10B shows a switch consisting of two insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) in series with an antiparallel diode to provide bidirectional current.
- IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistors
- Figure 10C shows a switch consisting of a MOSFET transistor with a diode bridge that provides bidirectional current and
- Figure 10D shows an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) with a diode bridge providing bidirectional current .
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
Landscapes
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1754754A FR3067165A1 (fr) | 2017-05-30 | 2017-05-30 | Systeme d'hybridation pour courant continu haute tension |
PCT/FR2018/051114 WO2018220307A1 (fr) | 2017-05-30 | 2018-05-03 | Systeme d'hybridation pour courant continu haute tension |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3437115A1 true EP3437115A1 (fr) | 2019-02-06 |
EP3437115B1 EP3437115B1 (fr) | 2019-09-04 |
Family
ID=59579726
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18728688.5A Active EP3437115B1 (fr) | 2017-05-30 | 2018-05-03 | Système d'hybridation pour courant continu haute tension |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11081297B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3437115B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3060084A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2755358T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3067165A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018220307A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3126167A1 (fr) | 2021-08-10 | 2023-02-17 | Safran Electrical & Power | Procédé de contrôle pour contacteur de puissance |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3143834A1 (fr) * | 2022-12-14 | 2024-06-21 | Safran Electrical & Power | Installation électrique avec moyens de coupure d’arc électrique série en particulier dans un contacteur |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202009004198U1 (de) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-08-12 | Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh | Trennschalter zur galvanischen Gleichstromunterbrechung |
JP5533598B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-26 | 2014-06-25 | 株式会社リコー | 放電エネルギー回収装置及び画像形成装置 |
US8581516B2 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-11-12 | Hep Tech Co., Ltd. | Power processing apparatus and method of releasing the residual power thereof |
US20140091808A1 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | Arc Suppression Technologies | Contact separation detector and methods therefor |
FR3000284B1 (fr) * | 2012-12-20 | 2016-05-13 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Dispositif contacteur-disjoncteur |
DE102015212802A1 (de) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-12 | Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh | Trennvorrichtung zur Gleichstromunterbrechung |
JP6708137B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-13 | 2020-06-10 | オムロン株式会社 | 直流開閉器のアーク消去装置 |
JP6708136B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-13 | 2020-06-10 | オムロン株式会社 | 直流開閉器のアーク消去装置 |
US11049685B2 (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2021-06-29 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Circuit protector arc flash reduction system with parallel connected semiconducor switch |
-
2017
- 2017-05-30 FR FR1754754A patent/FR3067165A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-05-03 EP EP18728688.5A patent/EP3437115B1/fr active Active
- 2018-05-03 CA CA3060084A patent/CA3060084A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-05-03 WO PCT/FR2018/051114 patent/WO2018220307A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2018-05-03 ES ES18728688T patent/ES2755358T3/es active Active
- 2018-05-30 US US15/992,311 patent/US11081297B2/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3126167A1 (fr) | 2021-08-10 | 2023-02-17 | Safran Electrical & Power | Procédé de contrôle pour contacteur de puissance |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20180350533A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
US11081297B2 (en) | 2021-08-03 |
CA3060084A1 (fr) | 2018-12-06 |
ES2755358T3 (es) | 2020-04-22 |
BR112019022678A2 (pt) | 2020-05-19 |
FR3067165A1 (fr) | 2018-12-07 |
WO2018220307A1 (fr) | 2018-12-06 |
EP3437115B1 (fr) | 2019-09-04 |
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