EP3429811B1 - Production method of blocks formed by glued wooden parts and device for this production method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing blocks from wooden parts that are set together and glued together according to the preamble of claim 1 and a system for carrying out such a method according to the preamble of claim 8.

Blocks are produced from narrow, elongated wooden parts with a square, preferably rectangular cross-section, in that the wooden parts are pressed against one another with their side surfaces provided with glue. The pressure is applied perpendicular to the glued side surfaces with at least one pressure slide, whereby the wooden parts lying against one another are firmly glued together. At the same time, a high clamping or alignment pressure is applied vertically to the wooden parts lying next to one another. The blocks consisting of the glued wooden parts are then divided by sawing.

The invention is based on the object of designing the generic method and the generic system in such a way that the blocks can be produced inexpensively and easily from the wooden parts glued together.

In the method of the generic type, this object is achieved according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1, and in the case of the generic system according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 8.

In the process according to the invention, elongated wooden parts are used whose side surfaces to be glued run obliquely. The wooden parts can have a triangular or preferably trapezoidal cross section. The alignment pressure is applied across the glued side surfaces. Due to the inclined glued side surfaces, this alignment pressure is converted into the horizontally running pressure with which the wooden parts lying against one another are firmly pressed against one another. Since the inclined side surfaces are provided between each wooden part, the wooden parts are pressed reliably over the length of the block, with the workpiece tolerances being compensated for in the horizontal direction by the vertical alignment movement.

Since no additional pressure generator may be required to generate the pressure, the method according to the invention can be carried out very easily. Then only the alignment pressure has to be applied to the top of the wooden parts lying against one another.

In order to ensure a clean pressing of the wooden parts, the wooden parts are advantageously aligned with one another in the horizontal and vertical directions by applying the alignment pressure before pressing. According to the invention, each piece of wood that lies with the chisel tip down is pushed upwards by a certain amount. The wooden parts then lie neatly against one another during the pressing process, so that the resulting block essentially has the required cross-sectional dimensions, so that at most only minor reworking has to be carried out on the pressed block.

The wooden parts are advantageously aligned in sections over the length of the block to be pressed. As a result, the individual wooden parts can be aligned with one another without any problems, without the risk of the wooden parts jamming or getting stuck.

The alignment process can be carried out in a simple manner if the wooden parts are clamped on the support side and the opposite side. Here, according to the invention, the wooden parts are pressed against at least one stop under the pressure via their inclined side surfaces. In this way, the wooden parts can be aligned with one another very precisely and easily before the pressing process.

During the pressing process, braking pressure and the alignment (hold-down) pressure are advantageously applied to an already pressed block area over the entire length of the block to be pressed. In principle, however, it is also possible to apply the alignment pressure in sections over the length of the block to be pressed.

In an advantageous procedure, the wooden parts are introduced one by one into a packaging station upstream of the pressing station. Here, the wooden parts are rotated alternately about their longitudinal axis so that adjacent wooden parts lie against one another with their inclined side surfaces. The wooden parts can already be collected in the packaging station when the wooden parts are pressed to form the blocks in the subsequent pressing station. This results in a very effective method for producing the blocks with the best possible material yield.

When brought into the packaging station, the wooden parts can also be rotated around their transverse axis. This is particularly the case when the wooden parts are sawed out of the tree trunk in axial cuts and the so-called deforestation is not removed. By turning around the transverse axis, it is ensured that, despite the existing deforestation on the wooden parts, the wooden parts placed next to one another have approximately a constant cross-sectional thickness over their length.

In an advantageous procedure, the pressed block is at least partially pushed out of the pressing station, while the next wooden parts still to be pressed are pushed in at the same time. To this In this way, an endless strand of blocks can be produced which, after exiting the press station, is cut to the required extent by sawing.

In the system according to the invention, at least one packaging station is connected upstream of the pressing station. The wooden parts to be pressed are first collected in it. At the feed end of the packaging station there is a transfer unit with which the wooden parts can be conveyed into the packaging station in such a way that the successive wooden parts are each rotated around their longitudinal axis so that their oblique long sides lie against one another. As a result, the wide foot side of the wooden parts lies alternately on the support side and on the opposite top side of the wooden parts. With the transfer unit, the wooden parts can be reliably brought into the position required to manufacture the block.

The transfer unit is advantageously provided with at least one swivel arm which has at least one support for the wooden parts to be transferred. The support arm is mounted on the packaging station so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis. In an initial position of the swivel arm, the wooden parts are placed on the support with one inclined side. The swivel arm is then swiveled upwards about the horizontal axis, as a result of which the lying wooden part is erected so that it arrives at the packaging station in this erected position.

In order to facilitate the transfer process, the transfer unit is advantageously provided with part-circular guide parts lying in vertical planes. They lie next to one another at a distance in the direction of the pivot axis of the pivot arm and are mounted on the pivot axis in a rotationally fixed manner together with the pivot arm.

Advantageously close to the upper ends of these part-circular guide parts obliquely downward in the direction of a support of the packaging station running swivel arms on which the wooden parts initially rest when transferred to the packaging station.

In an advantageous embodiment, the packaging station has at least two conveyor elements arranged one above the other, between which the wooden parts can be clamped. This ensures reliable transport of the wooden parts through the packaging station.

The conveyor elements are advantageously endless conveyors, preferably plate chain conveyors. With them, the wooden parts can be transported perfectly in the packaging station.

To clamp the wooden parts for transport, the lower or upper run of the two conveyor elements are advantageously braced against the wooden parts.

It is advantageous here if a pressure device is provided on the lower run of the upper conveyor element with which the lower run can be braced against the wooden parts.

The pressing station is advantageously provided with several printing units which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of advance of the wooden parts through the pressing station. This makes it possible to use all printing units simultaneously or only individual printing units during the pressing process.

According to the invention, the pressure units can be adjusted transversely to the wooden parts in the height direction. As a result, the required pressure is applied in a simple manner across the direction of transport of the wooden parts.

It is advantageous if an opposing table top is assigned to each printing unit. Then, according to the invention, the wooden parts are clamped between the printing units and the table tops.

If the wooden parts are to be transported in the press station, a slight pressure is sufficient. If the wooden parts are to be aligned and pressed, the pressure is set correspondingly higher.

The setting of the pressure for aligning the wooden parts with respect to one another and for pressing is facilitated in an advantageous manner if the table tops can be adjusted in the height direction transversely to the feed direction of the wooden parts in the pressing station.

Further features of the invention emerge from the further claims, the description and the drawings.

Fig. 1

in perspektivischer Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage zur Herstellung von Blöcken aus im Querschnitt trapez- oder dreieckförmigen Holzteilen,

Fig. 2

in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Zuführeinheit für die Holzteile der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage,

Fig. 3

in perspektivischer Darstellung den Übergangsbereich zwischen der Zuführeinheit und einer Paketierstation der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage,

Fig. 4

in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Übergabeeinheit, mit der die Holzteile der Paketierstation übergeben werden,

Fig. 5

in Seitenansicht den Eingabebereich der Paketierstation der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage,

Fig. 6

in perspektivischer Darstellung die Paketier- und Pressstation der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage,

Fig. 7

in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Teil der Pressstation, aus der ein aus den Holzteilen hergestellter Block austritt,

Fig. 8

in Seitenansicht die Paketierstation und die nachgeschaltete Pressstation der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage,

Fig. 9

in vergrößerter Darstellung einen Teil der Pressstation der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage, in Transportrichtung der Holzteile gesehen.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a system according to the invention for the production of blocks from wooden parts trapezoidal or triangular in cross section,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a feed unit for the wooden parts of the system according to the invention,

Fig. 3

a perspective view of the transition area between the feed unit and a packaging station of the system according to the invention,

Fig. 4

a perspective view of a transfer unit with which the wooden parts are transferred to the packaging station,

Fig. 5

in side view the input area of the packaging station of the system according to the invention,

Fig. 6

in a perspective view the packaging and pressing station of the system according to the invention,

Fig. 7

a perspective view of a part of the pressing station from which a block made from the wooden parts emerges,

Fig. 8

in side view the packaging station and the downstream pressing station of the system according to the invention,

Fig. 9

an enlarged view of part of the pressing station of the system according to the invention, seen in the direction of transport of the wooden parts.

With the system described below, elongated wooden parts with a triangular or trapezoidal cross-section are glued to form blocks. In the exemplary embodiment, the wooden parts 1 have a trapezoidal cross-section. How out Fig. 2 results, the wooden parts 1 have two longitudinal sides 2, 3, which each enclose an angle of 75 ° to a base side 4 of the wooden parts 1. To form the wooden parts 1, a log S ( Fig. 1 ) sawn in axial sections in such a way that, seen in cross-section, the circular sector-shaped wooden parts are formed. If twelve such wooden parts 1 are sawn from a trunk, the longitudinal sides 2, 3 of the wooden parts 1 are at an angle of 30 ° to each other. If the saw cuts are made through the trunk S in such a way that a smaller number of pieces of wood 1 is formed, then the angles between the long sides 2 and 3 are correspondingly larger. Conversely, this angle becomes smaller if more than twelve pieces of wood are sawn from a trunk S by means of axial cuts.

The wooden parts 1, coming directly from a sawmill line, are first passed through a drying station in order to reduce the wood moisture. The wood moisture on the glue surfaces is advantageously reduced to an area of less than about 30%.

Optionally, before or during the sawing process on the trunk S, the so-called deforestation 5 is not cut away, but is used to form the blocks. This dependency component 5 is in Fig. 1 indicated by a hatched area. The radial width of this deforestation 5 increases from one end to the other end of the trunk S. For this reason, the wooden parts are rotated alternately about their longitudinal axis when the blocks are formed. Two wooden parts 1 with the same thickness of the deforestation then in turn result in a cross-section of the same width.

The wooden parts 1 are generally between 3 and 4 m in length, and the wooden parts are cut to the required length as precisely as possible. In a specific embodiment, the head width 6 of the wooden parts is in a range of at least 10 to 20 mm. The foot width is in a range of about 65 to 140 mm +/- 10 mm deformation 5.

The wooden parts 1, coming from the sawmill, are fed to a feed unit 8 in the transport direction 9. The feed unit 8 conveys the wooden parts 1 transversely to their longitudinal direction and thus forms a transverse transport unit. It has two chain strands 10, 11 lying parallel to one another, which advantageously each consist of two chains arranged next to one another. The two chain strands 10, 11 are designed to run endlessly and are guided over chain wheels 12, 13. In the Fig. 1 and 2 only the sprockets 12, 13 at one end of the feed unit 8 are shown. The chain wheels 12, 13 are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner via a shaft 14, so that both chain wheels 12, 13 are driven synchronously.

The two chain strands 10, 11 are each provided with receptacles 15, 16 for the wooden parts 1. The outline shape of the receptacles is adapted to the outline shape of the wooden parts 1, so that they can be reliably held in the feed unit 8. Adjacent receptacles 15, 16 are separated from one another by uprightly extending flat tabs 17, 18, each of which is of identical design and has a trapezoidal outline. The wooden parts 1 are inserted into the receptacles 15, 16 in such a way that their narrow head side points in the direction of the respective chain strand 10, 11.

The wooden parts 1 are hung or inserted into the receptacles 15, 16 in such a way that the flaws 5 are arranged alternately to the right and to the left in the transport direction 9. The correctly positioned feeding of the wooden parts 1 is advantageously carried out automatically when they are fed from the sawmill to the feed unit 8.

The feed unit 8 is advantageously located in a drying tunnel (not shown) in which moisture is extracted from the wooden parts 1. Advantageously, so much moisture is removed that the wooden parts 1 only have a wood moisture content of less than approximately 30% in the area of the surface. The temperature and / or the passage time through the drying tunnel is adjusted accordingly.

In the area of the front end of the feed unit 8 in the transport direction 9, a lifting unit 19 is provided, with which two wooden parts 1 lying adjacent to one another can be lifted out of the receptacles 15, 16 at the same time. The lifting unit 19 can be moved into the area between the two chain strands 10, 11 in order to simultaneously lift out two wooden parts 1 located in adjacent receptacles 15, 16. The lifting unit 19 has two spaced apart holders 20, 21 which are moved into the area between the two chain strands 10, 11 when the lifting unit 19 lifts the two wooden parts 1 out of the receptacles 15, 16 at the same time.

The two holders 20, 21 are of identical design and each have two support parts 23, 24 which can be pivoted relative to one another about a horizontal axis 22 and are each L-shaped. The two support parts 23, 24 are articulated to one another by the pivot axis 22, which is provided at the free ends of the short legs of the support parts 23, 24. The two wooden parts 1 lie with their one longitudinal side 2, 3 on the long legs of the support parts 23, 24 flat.

In order to lift the two wooden parts 1 out of the corresponding receptacles 15, 16 of the feed unit 8, the two support parts 23, 24 are pivoted against each other about the pivot axis 22 so that their short legs run approximately horizontally. The lifting unit 19 is initially located in the area below the wooden parts and is lifted for lifting in the direction of arrow 29 perpendicular to the transport direction 9 in the area between the chain strands 10, 11. The drive device provided for this purpose is not shown in the drawings. In addition to a lifting unit, this drive device also has a displacement unit with which the lifting unit 19 can be retracted between the two chain strands 10, 11 and raised.

The Fig.1 and 2 show the lifting unit 19 on the one hand in the area between the two chain strands 10, 11 when lifting the two wooden parts 1 and on the other hand in the area outside the feed unit 8. The lifting unit 19 is in this case from the area between the two chain strands 10, 11 of the feed unit 8 has been moved out. In this position of the lifting unit 19, the two support parts 23, 24 are pivoted about the pivot axis 22 in opposite directions to one another. This has the consequence that the two wooden parts 1 are directed towards one another with their narrow head sides. The two support parts 23, 24 are adjusted by a drive (not shown). So that the wooden parts 1 do not slip off the support parts 23, 24, the support parts 23, 24 are advantageously only pivoted so far that the support sides 3 and 2 of the two wooden parts 1 either horizontally or advantageously with a slightly upward direction Incline are arranged. The two wooden parts 1 are transported to a downstream alignment station 30. It has an adjustable side guide 31 for each wooden part 1, on which the wooden parts 1 rest flat with their base 4. The side guides 31 advantageously have freely rotatable rollers 31a ( Fig. 1 and 4th ), on which the wooden parts 1 rest with their bases 4. The wooden parts 1 are transported in their longitudinal direction during the transfer. The transport devices provided for this purpose are not shown for the sake of clarity.

In the alignment station 30, the wooden parts 1 rest with their long sides 2, 3 on supports 25, 26, which are arranged so that the opposite long sides 2, 3 of the wooden parts 1 lie in a common, advantageously horizontal plane. In the alignment station 30, the wooden parts 1 are secured against slipping off the supports 25, 26 transversely to their longitudinal direction by means of the side guides 31.

The wooden parts 1 are laterally aligned by means of the side guides 31 and transported through with at least one longitudinal slide 34 below a gluing unit 35. Since the gluing unit 35 is known, it is not explained in more detail. It has a discharge head 36 from which the gluing agent emerges as the wooden parts 1 pass. The glue is applied to the longitudinal sides 2 and 3 of the two wooden parts 1 facing the discharge head 36 as the wooden parts pass through. The drawings show by way of example that the gluing agent is applied linearly to the corresponding longitudinal sides 2, 3 of the wooden parts 1. The gluing agent can also be applied in other ways, for example over a large area by spraying on, punctiform and the like.

The glued wooden parts 1 are transported further to feed stations 37 in their longitudinal direction. In the drawings, two feed stations 37 arranged one behind the other at a distance are shown by way of example. A packaging station 38 and a pressing station 39 are connected downstream of each loading station 37. In the drawings there is only one packaging station 38 and one Pressing station 39 is shown, which are connected downstream of a loading station 37. Depending on the size of the system, more than two feeding stations 37 and respectively downstream stacking stations 38 and pressing stations 39 can be provided.

The two glued wooden parts 1 located in the loading station 37 are lifted off with a lifting unit 40 and fed to the packaging station 38 transversely to their longitudinal direction. The lifting unit 40 has two support arms 41, 42 lying parallel to one another, which extend perpendicular to the transport direction 32 of the wooden parts 1. When the wooden parts 1 are fed to the loading stations 37 after being glued, the lifting unit 40 is lowered so that it does not hinder the transport of the wooden parts 1.

The glued wooden parts 1 rest with their respective non-glued longitudinal sides 2, 3 on roller conveyors 43, 44. They are advantageously arranged so that the glued longitudinal sides 2, 3 of the wooden parts 1 lie in a common plane and advantageously horizontally. On the roller tracks 43, 44, the wooden parts 1 are secured against sliding down transversely to their longitudinal direction.

As soon as the wooden parts 1 are on the loading station 37, the lifting unit 40 is raised in the direction of arrow 48 and the two glued wooden parts 1 are lifted off the roller conveyors 43, 44 by the support arms 41, 42.

The wooden parts 1 are fed with the lifting unit 40 transversely to their longitudinal direction in the direction of the arrow 45 to the packaging station 38. In the inlet area of the glued wooden parts 1, it is provided with a transfer unit 49 with which the wooden parts 1 arranged lying in the loading station 37 are converted into an upright position.

The transfer unit 49 is provided with circular segment-shaped guides 69 which are at the same height and preferably at the same distance across the Wooden parts 1 are arranged at the task end of the packaging station 38. The guides 69 have a part-circular guide part 70, at both ends of which a straight connecting part 71, 72 connects. The two connecting parts 71, 72 enclose an angle of approximately 90 °, for example. The wooden parts 1 rest on the upper connecting parts 71 with their unglued long sides when they are transferred to the packaging station 38. The two connecting parts 71, 72 are fastened with their free ends in a rotationally fixed manner on a pivot axis 52, so that the guides 69 are pivoted when the wooden parts 1 are transported into the packaging station 38. During this pivoting process, the wooden parts 1 are erected from their lying position. The pivot axis 52 is driven by a drive motor 53, which is preferably actuated in a controlled manner, in order to pivot the guides 69 in such a way that the wooden parts 1 are conveyed one after the other into the packaging station 38.

The glued, horizontally arranged wooden parts 1 are taken up one after the other by the guides 69. As long as one wooden part 1 is conveyed by the guides 69 into the packaging station 38, the other wooden part 1 rests on the support arms 41, 42. After one wooden part 1 has been transferred to the packaging station 38, the guides 69 pivot back about the pivot axis 52 so far that the next piece of wood 1 ', resting on the support arms 41, 42 ( Fig. 4 ) can reach the upper connecting parts 71 of the transfer unit 49. If the transfer unit 49 has been pivoted back correspondingly far, the support arms 41, 42 are moved in the direction 45 so that the wooden part 1 ′ comes into the pivoting range of the connecting parts 71. The support arms 41, 42 can be moved between the connecting parts 71 arranged at a distance from one another, so that the connecting parts 71 can remove the wooden part 1 ′ from the support arms 41, 42 when pivoting upwards. Then the support arms 41, 42 can move back and pick up the next two wooden parts 1, 1 'from the loading station 37.

In another embodiment, the lower connecting part 72 is not provided, so that the part-circular guides 70 are connected to the pivot axis 52 in a rotationally fixed manner only via the upper connecting part 71.

Since the wooden parts 1, 1 'are stored in the loading station 37 with their head sides facing each other, the wooden parts 1, 1' are conveyed one after the other into the packaging station 38 with the help of the transfer unit 49 in such a way that the wooden parts alternate with the head side up and down are arranged below. The wooden parts 1 lie against one another with their glued long sides.

The support arms 41, 42 can also be formed by endless conveyors, with which the wooden parts 1 are transported from the loading station 37 to the packaging station 38.

The packaging station 38 has upper and lower endless conveyors 74, 75, between which the wooden parts 1 are inserted in a standing position. The two endless conveyors 74, 75 each have endlessly revolving driven conveyor elements 76, 77, preferably plate chains or conveyor belts. Each endless conveyor 74, 75 has two conveyor elements 76, 77 that are spaced apart from one another.

The two conveyor elements 76, 77 of the two endless conveyors 74, 75 are each in the area of the ends of the wooden parts 1. The conveyor elements 76 of the upper endless conveyor 74 are advantageously at the same height as the conveyor elements 77 of the lower endless conveyor 75. This ensures that the wooden parts 1 can be held reliably and fed to the pressing station 39. The wooden parts 1 rest on the upper run of the lower conveyor element 77, which is guided on a table 99.

The lower run of the upper conveyor element 76 can be pressed down over most of its length with at least one pressure device 54 ( Fig. 5 ). It has at least one, preferably several side by side arranged, flat pressure hoses 55, which can be subjected to compressed air and press on (not shown) pressure pieces. As a result, the lower run of the upper conveyor elements 76 is pressed down against the wooden parts 1. The lower conveyor elements 77 are each provided with at least one pressure device 54, which is advantageously designed the same as the pressure device of the upper conveyor elements 76 and with which the upper run of the lower conveyor elements 77 can be pressed upwards against the underside of the wooden parts 1 lying against one another. As a result, they are clamped between the two conveyor elements 76, 77 in such a way that they are reliably carried along by them when the conveyor elements 76, 77 are driven.

The conveying elements 76, 77 are guided via drive wheels 78, 79, of which each opposing drive wheels are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner by an axle 80, 81. One pair of wheels each of the two endless conveyors 74, 75 is rotatably driven.

Since the wooden parts 1 are transported one after the other between the two endless conveyors 74, 75 by means of the transfer unit 49, the conveyor elements 76, 77 of the two endless conveyors 74, 75 are moved further in a corresponding cycle. During the transport of the wooden parts 1 in the packaging station 48, the binding agent already partially hardens.

At the transition from the stacking station 38 to the pressing station 39 there is at least one height-adjustable transverse stop 82. In the exemplary embodiment, it is plate-shaped and can be adjusted in height with at least one lifting unit 83. In the exemplary embodiment, the plate-shaped transverse stop 82 extends over most of the length of the wooden parts 1. Because of this great length of the transverse stop 82, two lifting units 83 are provided for height adjustment, which are advantageously pneumatic or hydraulic lifting cylinders.

If the wooden parts 1 are to be transported from the packaging station 38 into the pressing station 39, the transverse stop 82 is lowered.

Like the packetizing station 38, the pressing station 39 has an upper endless conveyor 84 and a lower endless conveyor 85. The upper endless conveyor 84 has two endlessly rotating conveyor elements 86 lying parallel to one another ( Fig. 6 ), which are aligned with the endless conveyor elements 76 of the upper endless conveyor 74 of the packetizing station 38. The lower endless conveyor 85 also has the two endlessly revolving conveyor elements 87, which lie parallel to one another and in alignment with the conveyor elements 77 of the lower endless conveyor 75 of the packetizing station 38. The conveyor elements 86, 87 are advantageously plate chains that are guided via drive wheels 88, 89. Drive wheels 88, 89 lying opposite one another are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner by axles 90, 91. In each case one axis 90, 91 is rotatably driven. The conveyor elements 86, 87 are advantageously plate chains.

The conveying elements 76, 77 and 86, 87 of the stacking station 38 and the pressing station 39 are aligned one behind the other at such a small distance that the wooden parts 1 get into the pressing station 39 without interference.

It is also possible that the axles 80, 81 of the packaging station 38, which are adjacent to one another, and the axles 90, 91 of the pressing station 39 are at the same height, so that the wooden parts 1 can easily be transferred from the conveyor elements 76, 77 of the packaging station 38 to the conveyor elements 86 87 of the pressing station 39 can be transferred. An example of this shows Fig. 1 .

In the pressing station 39 there are printing units 92 which are arranged one behind the other in a row parallel to the transport device 97 of the wooden parts 1. In the Fig. 6 and 7th a series of printing units 92 is shown, which are arranged at small intervals one behind the other. As a rule, however, the pressing station 39 also has several rows of printing units 92 lying next to one another. In Fig. 9 two such rows can be seen.

The printing units 92 can be used to apply vertical pressure to the wooden parts 1. The wooden parts 1 lie on a table 93 in the pressing station 39. It is formed by individual table tops 93a which are arranged one behind the other at a small distance and which are opposite the printing units 92. The table tops 93a are made from Fig. 9 is shown, also arranged in rows lying next to one another, the table tops 93a in each row being arranged one behind the other in the transport direction 97 of the wooden parts 1.

The printing units 92 are located in the area between the two conveyor elements 86 of the upper endless conveyor 84, while the table tops 93a are provided in the area between the two conveyor elements 87 of the lower endless conveyor 85. The printing units 92 can each be adjusted with a lifting unit 96 advantageously independently of one another in the height direction. The table tops 93a can each advantageously be adjusted in height independently of one another with a lifting unit 56 ( Fig. 9 ).

At the level of the lower run of the upper conveyor elements 86 and at the height of the upper run of the lower conveyor elements 87, tensioning devices 60 are provided with which the upper and lower run of the conveyor elements 86, 87 can be tensioned against the wooden parts 1. The tensioning devices 60 are of identical design, the tensioning devices 60 of the upper conveyor elements 86 and the lower conveyor elements 87 being arranged in mirror image to one another.

The clamping devices 60 have in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor elements 86, 87 clamping units 61 ( Fig. 6 ), which extend parallel to the rows of printing units 92 and table tops 93a. Each clamping unit 61 has at least one pressure hose 100 ( Fig. 9 ), which is connected to a pressure medium source. At least one pressure element 57 can be acted upon with the pressure hose 100. The pressure hose 100 and the pressure element 57 are received in a housing 62 which is fastened in a suitable manner in the pressing station 39. The housings 62 of the clamping units 61 of a row can be firmly connected to one another. The housings 62 have an opening 63 on their side facing the lower or upper strand, through which the pressure element 57 protrudes with a projection 57a ( Fig. 9 ). The pressure element 57 rests against the edge of the opening 63 on both sides of the projection 57a. The pressure hose 100 lies between the pressure element 57 and the adjacent housing wall 64 on the side facing away from the lower or upper run of the conveyor elements 86, 87.

The clamping units 61 of the upper and lower clamping devices 60 are opposite one another. If pressure medium, preferably compressed air, is applied to the pressure hoses 100, the pressure elements 57 are pressed against the lower run of the upper conveyor elements 86 or against the upper run of the lower conveyor elements 87. As a result, these strands are pressed against the top and bottom of the wooden parts 1 lying against one another, so that they are transported by means of the conveying elements 86, 87.

The Figures 5 to 8 show the situation that the packaging station 38 and the pressing station 39 are completely filled with the wooden parts 1. As soon as the desired packet length is reached in the filling area of the packetizing station 38, the pressing station 39 is opened and the transverse stop 82 is lowered out of the path of movement of the wooden parts 1. The carpet of wood parts 98 pressed in the pressing station 39 ( Fig. 7 ) is clamped by the conveyor elements 86, 87, so that it is held in spite of the detached pressure units 92. The clamping is achieved in that the pressure hoses 100 of the tensioning devices 60 are acted upon with pressure medium, so that the conveyor elements 86, 87 are pressed in the manner described with their corresponding strands against the top and bottom of the wooden parts 1. In this case, all of the clamping units 61 of the clamping devices 60 or only some of them can be actuated, depending on how the wooden parts 1 can be moved. The clamping force is so high that the wooden parts 1 are reliably transported in the direction of arrow 97. At the same time, the pressed carpet 98 and the wooden parts 1 in the packaging station 38 are moved in the transport direction 97 ( Fig. 5 ) until the required length of wooden parts 1 is in the pressing station 39. The transverse stop 82 is then moved upwards again so that no further wooden parts 1 can get from the packaging station 38 into the pressing station 39. The wooden parts 1 are then clamped by the conveyor elements 76, 77; 86, 87 solved.

When clamping by means of the conveyor elements 86, 87, the wooden parts 1 are lifted slightly from the table 93. With this clamping, the wooden parts 1 have a defined distance from the printing units 92 ( Fig. 9 ), so that the wooden parts in the pressing station 39 can easily be transported in the transport direction 97.

Within the pressing station 39, the wooden parts 1 can be clamped or released in sections by means of the pressure units 92 in cooperation with the table tops 93a. For this purpose, the individual printing units 92 are pressed down one after another, whereby the corresponding section of the wooden parts 1 lying against one another is clamped between the printing units 92 and the table tops 93a. The table tops 93a can be adjusted continuously in the height direction with the lifting units 56 to adapt to the height of the wooden parts 1. In this way, the individual printing units 92 are clamped one after the other. The clamping force is set higher than the clamping force with which the pressure elements 57 are pressed against the conveyor elements 86, 87 for the transport of the wooden parts 1. For the transport of the wooden parts 1 in the pressing station 39, the pressing force only needs to be so high that the wooden parts 1 are reliably carried along by the conveyor elements 86, 87. This stronger pressure has the effect that the glued wooden parts 1, which so far only lie loosely against one another, are pressed against the transverse stop 82. This is a consequence of the wedge-shaped cross-sectional design of the wooden parts 1. Due to the With the wedge effect, the wooden parts are pressed upwards or downwards onto the table 93 or the table tops 93a when they are clamped in sections by the pressure units 92. The pressure units 92 can be adjusted to a certain gap in relation to the wooden parts 1 and are moved exactly at the same height so that the wooden parts 1 are pressed against the table tops 93 via the pressure units 92 when they are clamped in sections.

During this step-by-step pressing process, brake units 95, which are arranged behind the pressure units 92 in the transport direction 97, exert a braking pressure on the already pressed wooden parts 1 that is higher than the clamping force used to align the wooden parts 1. The braking units 95 are advantageously provided in each row of printing units 92. The brake units 95 each have a lifting unit 65 with which the brake unit 95 can be adjusted in height. Like the pressure units 92, the brake units 95 can also have pressure hoses to which a pressure medium, preferably compressed air, can be applied. Pressure pieces are actuated via the pressure hoses, which are placed on the wooden parts 1 under the corresponding pressure. The pressure units 92 and the brake units 95 are thus basically of the same design as the tensioning units 61 with which the conveying elements 86, 87 are pressed against the wooden parts 1.

The printing units 92 and the braking units 95 are arranged in the area between the conveyor elements 86 of the upper endless conveyor 84. Then the wooden parts 1 can be properly pressed and braked. According to the invention, the brake units 95 press their brake pieces (not shown) with flat support sides firmly against the upper side of the wooden parts 1, which in this way are firmly clamped between the table tops 93a and the pressure units 92 and the brake units 95. According to the invention, the braking units 95 act as a stop which prevents the wooden parts 1 from being unintentionally displaced during alignment in the transport direction 97.

Because of the jamming in sections, the wooden parts 1 are aligned horizontally and vertically with respect to one another. Since they are held in the manner described by the braking units 95, the alignment process according to the invention results in the wooden parts 1 being displaced in the opposite direction of transport 97 in direction 59. The transverse stop 82 ensures that the wooden parts 1 are supported during the alignment process. The result is that the wooden parts 1 with their glued longitudinal sides 2, 3 are pressed firmly against one another. In connection with the correspondingly high pressure force exerted perpendicularly to the displacement direction 59, the wooden parts 1 are firmly glued to one another to form the wooden part carpet 98. During the alignment process, profile errors, width tolerances and the like of the wooden parts can be compensated for. Due to the wedge effect, the vertical clamping force is partially converted into a horizontal pressing force. Any previously existing profile offset, which is preferably adjustable, is largely pushed out.

During the pressing process described, the next glued wooden parts 1 are introduced into the packaging station 38 in the manner described. As soon as the pressing process is finished, the brake units 95 and the pressure units 92 are relieved and, with the tensioning units 61, the lower run of the upper conveyor elements 86 and the upper run of the lower conveyor elements 87 are pressed against the upper and lower sides of the wooden parts 1 so that the wooden parts 1 can be transported further in the transport direction 97 in the pressing station 39.

The transverse stop 82 is lowered so that to the extent that the pressed wood parts carpet 98 is pushed out of the pressing station 39, the next wood parts 1 are pushed in by the packaging station 38. Then the working cycle described begins again.

In the feed direction 97 behind the pressing station 39 there is at least one cross-cut saw (not shown) which divides the endless wooden carpet 98, for example into 1 m wide blocks. These blocks then become one via transverse chains (not shown) and heavy duty roller conveyors and the like Multi-blade saw with which the blocks are divided into small lamellas.

With the system described, the triangular or trapezoidal wooden parts in the pressing station 39 are initially aligned in segments by the glued wooden parts 1 lying next to one another being loaded one after the other over the length of the pressing station 39, the forces acting on the wooden parts 1 from above being so great that the wooden parts 1 lying against one another can align with one another. Subsequently, the pressure force required for pressing is applied vertically to the wooden parts 1 by means of the pressure units 92. Due to the wedge effect, the vertical tensioning force generates a horizontal clamping force which is so high that the wooden slats lying against one another are firmly pressed together to form the carpet 98. During this pressing process, all of the pressure units 92 can be actuated simultaneously, so that the high pressing force is applied over the entire pressing length of the pressing station 39.

Claims (14)

1. A method for producing blocks (98) of wooden parts (1) that are placed against one another and glued together, wherein said wooden parts have a triangular or trapezoidal cross section and are subjected to an aligning pressure in the direction of their bearing side, as well as to a pressing pressure transversely to their glued lateral faces (2, 3), wherein the aligning pressure is applied to the wooden parts (1) transversely to the glued lateral faces (2, 3) that lie obliquely to the bearing side of the wooden parts (1) and convert the aligning pressure into the pressing pressure, with respect to which the glued lateral faces (2, 3) lie obliquely,
   characterized in that the wooden parts (1) are individually and successively introduced into a packeting station (38) arranged upstream of the pressing station (39), wherein the wooden parts (1) are alternately rotated about their longitudinal axis, in that the wooden parts (1) are arranged in such a way that the wedge tip of every other wooden part (1) points downward, in that the wooden parts are transported through the pressing station (39) in a transport direction (97) transversely to their glued lateral faces (2, 3), in that the wooden parts (1) are prior to the pressing process aligned relative to one another in the horizontal and the vertical direction due to the application of the aligning pressure by clamping together the wooden parts (1) transversely to the transport direction (97) over the length of the block (98) to be glued together, in that a braking pressure is during the alignment of the wooden parts (1) exerted upon the upper side of the block (98), which has already been pressed together, wherein said braking pressure is higher than the aligning pressure and exerted perpendicular to the transport direction (97) of the wooden parts (1), and in that the wooden parts (1) are during the alignment process displaced opposite to the transport direction (97) and pressed against at least one stop (82).
2. The method according to claim 1,
   characterized in that the alignment of the wooden parts (1) takes place sectionally over the length of the block (98), to be pressed.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that the wooden parts (1) are clamped on their bearing side and the opposite side, wherein the wooden parts (1) are pressed against the stop (82) under the pressing pressure via their oblique lateral faces (2, 3).
4. The method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that the aligning pressure is applied over the entire length of the block, to be pressed.
5. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that the wooden parts (1) are individually and successively introduced into a packeting station (38) arranged upstream of the pressing station (39), wherein the wooden parts (1) are alternately rotated about their lateral axis.
6. The method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that the pressed block (98), is at least partially pushed out of the pressing station (39) and the next wooden parts (1) are pushed behind said block.
7. The method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that the block (98) is sawn open.
8. An installation with at least one feeding unit (8) for the wooden parts (1) of triangular or trapezoidal cross section, with at least one gluing station (35) for the wooden parts (1) and with at least one pressing station (39),
   characterized in that the installation is suitable for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one packeting station (38) is arranged upstream of the pressing station (39) and at least one transfer unit (49) is provided on the charging end of said packeting station for the wooden parts (1),
   wherein said transfer unit has at least one pivot arm (71) that is provided with at least one bearing surface for the wooden parts (1) and mounted on the packeting station (38) so as to be pivotable about a horizontal axis (52), and wherein said transfer unit inserts the wooden parts (1) into the packeting station (38) in such a way that successive wooden parts (1) are respectively rotated about their longitudinal axis such that they lie on one another with their oblique longitudinal sides (2, 3).
9. The installation according to claim 8,
   characterized in that the transfer unit (49) has guide parts (70), which have the shape of a pitch circle and lie in vertical planes, wherein said guide parts are mounted on the pivoting axis (52) together with the pivot arm (71) in a rotationally rigid manner, and wherein said pivot arm advantageously lies adjacent to the upper ends of the guide parts (70) and advantageously extends obliquely downward in the direction of a bearing surface of the packeting station (38).
10. The installation according to claim 8 or 9,
    characterized in that the packeting station (38) has at least two conveyor elements (74, 75) that are arranged on top of one another and between which the wooden parts (1) can be clamped together, wherein said conveyor elements are advantageously realized in the form of endless conveyors, preferably plate conveyors.
11. The installation according to claim 10,
    characterized in that the respective lower and upper section of the two conveyor elements (74, 75) can be tensioned against the wooden parts (1).
12. The installation according to claim 11,
    characterized in that a pressing device (54) is provided on the lower section of the upper conveyor element (74) and makes it possible to tension the lower section against the wooden parts (1).
13. The installation according to one of claims 8 to 12,
    characterized in that the pressing station (39) has multiple pressing units (92), which can be advantageously adjusted transversely to the wooden parts (1) in the vertical direction and are arranged behind one another in the feed direction (97) of the wooden parts (1).
14. The installation according to claim 13,
    characterized in that an opposite table plate (93a) is assigned to each pressing unit (92) and can be advantageously adjusted in the vertical direction transversely to the feed direction (97) of the wooden parts (1).

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