EP3428113A1 - Lifting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hoist (1) for moving loads, wherein the hoist (1) comprises a component (12) having at least one traction means (9), a traction means carrier designed as a reel (2), at least one traction means guiding means (3, 4) ) and a suspension point (J) on which the component (12) can be fastened to a support structure, and wherein the traction means (9) from the reel (2) via the at least one traction means guide means (3, 4) to a load output point (F) is guided. It is provided that the component (12) has a center of gravity (G) which lies on a straight line (H) which extends from the suspension point (J) to the load output point (F).

Description

hoist

The invention relates to a hoist, in particular a hoist for use in the field of stage and show technology.

Hoists are used to move loads. In the stage technology in particular hoists are needed, which allow a movement of loads mainly in the vertical, but also in the horizontal direction. However, such hoists can also be used in other areas, for example in transportation, construction, mining, forestry or in the medical field.

Hoists usually have a cable drum from which the rope is unwound or wound on the rope (see, for example US 8,821,428 . EP 2 855 337 B1 ). In this case, one or more rollers or other guide means may be provided for guiding the rope. Cable drum and guide means can be held by a component which can be attached to a support structure, such as a ceiling (see, for example CN 202 415 073 U . CN 2895371 Y and CN 2 706 455 ). The suspension of the hoist on the support structure allows flexible use of the hoist. However, when suspending the hoist at one point, the suspension point, it is desirable for the hoist to be as straight as possible, ie for the suspension point of the hoist and the load exit point of the rope to be vertical, and for the attached load to be useful just below the suspension point located. However, this is not the case due to the construction of known hoists and due to the components of these hoists. Although in some cases a balance of emphasis is made, but only in one level. For example, disclose CN 202 415 073 U and CN 2895371 Y Hoists which, based on the mostly rotationally symmetrical constructed and used components and their arrangement have a balance of gravity only in one plane. The center of gravity compensation thus takes place only in one plane, whereby a vertical plane is understood as one plane. A center of gravity compensation in a second level, which is also a vertical level, does not take place.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a hoist with a component is to be specified, which can be attached to a supporting structure in a suspended manner.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a hoist for moving loads is provided. The hoist comprises a component having a traction means, a traction means carrier designed as a bobbin, at least one traction means guiding means and a suspension point on which the component can be fastened to a supporting structure. The traction means is guided by the reel over the at least one traction means guiding means to a load output point.

The component has a center of mass that lies on a straight line that extends from the suspension point to the load departure point.

When determining the center of mass of the component, all components of the component are taken into account. Not included are components of the hoist that are not carried by the component. The components of the component include, in particular, a reel, the one or more traction means guiding means and the one or more traction means. Should be attached to the traction means a load bearing, so this also belongs to the components of the component, because it is carried by this on the traction means. In addition to the components of the component, the shaft, via which the reel can be driven by means of a drive unit, may include one or more axles carrying the traction means, as well as other necessary peripheral mechanical components, such as components with which the shaft and the axle (s) are attached to the component. The drive unit is a component of the component when carried by the component. If, on the other hand, the drive unit is separately attached to the support structure (for example a ceiling) to which the component can be detachably fastened via its suspension point, or attached to another support structure (for example the floor), then it is not a component of the component. If the component has a device for measuring load, then this is a component of the component when it is carried by the component. The term "center of mass" is synonymous with the term "center of gravity". The center of gravity can be calculated, for example, by means of known computer programs that are used for construction, in particular CAD programs.

The center of gravity of the component is according to the invention on the straight line extending from the suspension point of the component to the load output point of the traction means. This straight line is also referred to below as an action line.

If the component has only one traction means, then the load exit point of the component is the point at which the traction means touches a component of the component for the last time during unwinding-for the first time during winding. This component may be one of the traction means guiding means.

If the component has two mutually spaced, parallel traction means, then the load departure point lies in the geometric mean between a first point at which the first rope touches a component of the component during unwinding for the last time - when it is being wound up - and a second point the second rope a component of the component during unwinding last time - when first wound - touched. These components may be the same or different traction means guiding means.

The component is releasably securable to a support structure. For this purpose, the hoist can have a fastening means, for example an eyelet. The suspension point of the component is the point at which the component hangs on the support structure or on the attachment means of the hoist. The component is thus fastened by means of a single-point suspension directly to the support structure or indirectly via the attachment means to the support structure.

The action line is preferably a vertical straight line. The invention thus enables not only a weight balance in one plane, but in two planes. Both planes are preferably vertical planes. The two vertical planes are preferably orthogonal to one another. The two levels may share a common intersection. This common cutting line may coincide with the line of action.

The component of the hoist according to the invention has at least one traction means guide means. The traction means or guide means may be one or more guide rollers. For example, the component according to the invention may have two, three or more guide rollers. It can be provided that the hoist according to the invention has only fixed guide rollers. If two or more guide rollers are provided, all or several of the guide rollers, preferably all guide rollers, can have the same diameter. However, the guide rollers may also have different diameters. Each guide roller may have an edge into which a circumferential groove in the circumferential direction of the guide roller is introduced. The width of the groove may correspond substantially to the width of the traction means. The groove preferably runs centrally, based on the strength of the guide roller.

In one embodiment of the invention, the one traction means guiding means on a first guide roller and a second guide roller. Both guide rollers can serve as fixed pulleys. In this case, the traction means can be guided from the reel to the first guide roller and from the first guide roller to the second guide roller. It can be provided that the first guide roller is arranged below the second guide roller. The first guide roller is disposed below the second guide roller when its axis of rotation is spaced more vertically from the reel than the axis of rotation of the second guide roller in the vertical direction. By means of the first guide roller, the center of mass of the component in a first plane, preferably a first vertical plane, can be compensated. By means of the second guide roller, the center of mass of the component in a second plane, preferably a second vertical plane, can be compensated. The second plane is preferably orthogonal to the first plane. It can be provided that the component has only two guide rollers. However, it may alternatively be provided that the component has three or more guide rollers. The term "balancing" means that the suspension point of the component and the load output point of the hoist in the line of action on which the center of mass of the component is located, are shifted. It can be provided that the guide rollers are each spaced apart in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the first guide roller is rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation. It is also preferred that the second guide roller is rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation. It can be provided that the horizontal axis of rotation of the second guide roller is not parallel to the horizontal axis of rotation of the first guide roller, but at an angle to this. If one or more further guide rollers are provided, these further guide rollers preferably also have horizontal axes of rotation. Particularly preferably, the axes of rotation of the further guide rollers are not parallel to each other and to the axes of rotation of the first guide roller and the second leadership role. The guide rollers can sit on axles that are firmly anchored within the component and aligned so that the axes of rotation of the guide rollers lie on these axes.

In order to achieve a balance of the component in two planes, it is expedient if the first guide roller has a horizontal longitudinal axis which extends orthogonal to its axis of rotation, and the second guide roller has a horizontal longitudinal axis which extends orthogonal to its axis of rotation. The horizontal longitudinal axis of a guide roller is thus an axis which lies in the same plane as the axis of rotation of this guide roller. Preferably, the horizontal axis of a guide roller runs centrally, based on the thickness of this guide roller. In the middle of the guide roller may be located in the edge of the guide roller, circumferential in the circumferential direction of the guide roller groove. Preferably, the horizontal longitudinal axis of the second guide roller extends at an angle to the horizontal longitudinal axis of the first guide roller when the two horizontal longitudinal axes are projected in a horizontal plane. The angle at which the horizontal longitudinal axis of the second guide roller extends to the horizontal longitudinal axis of the first guide roller, the angle which is required due to the center of gravity of the component to move the load output point in the line of action. It may, for example, be in a range of> 0 ° to <180 °, preferably in a smaller area owed to the construction of the component. If additional guide rollers are provided, their horizontal longitudinal axes, when projected into the horizontal plane, can also be at an angle to each other in order to achieve the displacement of the load output point into the line of action. This means that all of these leadership roles can be involved in this shift.

Preferably, the traction means is guided from the first guide roller to the second guide roller on a first vertical axis. At this first vertical axis, the first and the second guide roller, each with its edge or the groove located in the edge, abut. In this case, the first guide roller can be arranged to pivot about the second guide roller at an angle, wherein the pivot axis lies on the first vertical axis. The angle corresponds to the angle between the horizontal longitudinal axis of the second guide roller and the horizontal longitudinal axis of the first guide roller.

The traction means is preferably a rope. The traction means may also be a flat traction means, for example a flat rope. The rope may have a neutral fiber. The neutral fiber of the rope lies between the cable outlet of the first guide roller and the cable entry into the second guide roller, preferably on the first vertical axis. The hoist according to the invention can have two traction means. The traction devices can run side by side. For example, a second reel may be provided for a second traction means. This second bobbin can be mounted on the same shaft on which the bobbin for the first traction means is already attached. Alternatively, a reel for both traction means may be provided, wherein both ropes are spatially separated from each other on the reel. The second traction means can be guided by guide rollers which lie on the axles on which the guide rollers for the first traction means lie. If the reel and the guide rollers for the second traction means of the reel and the guide means for the first traction means correspond, the second traction means can be guided parallel to the first traction means. The traction means preferably have the same dimensions.

It can be provided that the traction means rests on the edge of the first guide roller such that it, based on the cross section of the guide roller, a circular arc covered with a center angle of 130 ° to 230 °. Preferably, the mid-point angle is approximately 180 °. The center lies on the axis of rotation of the first guide means. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the traction means bears against the edge of the second guide roller in such a way that, based on the cross section of the guide roller, it covers a circular arc with a center angle of 130 to 230 °. Preferably, the mid-point angle is approximately 180 °. The center lies on the axis of rotation of the second guide means. The mid-point angle of a guide roller characterizes the circumference of the looping of this guide roller with the traction means. The mid-point angle depends on the rope layers located on the reel. The term "approximately" describes an angle of 180 °, which, however, can vary considerably due to the dependence on the number of cable layers located on the reel, for example in the range of 130 to 230 °.

Preferably, the bobbin is arranged on a shaft, via which the bobbin can be connected to a drive unit. The drive unit can be arranged on the component. Alternatively, the drive unit for the reel may be arranged outside the component. In this case, this is not taken into account when determining the center of mass of the component. The drive unit may comprise a motor, for example an electric motor. It may further include a transmission. The gearbox can be used to transmit the torque from the motor to the shaft.

The component may have a frame which carries the reel and the at least one traction means guiding means. For example, the shaft carrying the reel may be rotatably supported in the frame. The traction means guide means may be rotatably mounted on axes which are fixed to the frame of the component. The frame may have a transverse spar on which the suspension point is formed. The cross member may extend in the horizontal direction. The component may have a housing with side walls. The housing can be carried by the frame.

The component may have a device for load measurement, which is also referred to below as a load-measuring device. The load measuring device may preferably measure the load received by the hoist at the first guide roller. For this purpose, the device for load measurement can be integrated into the receptacle of the first guide roller. The load measuring device preferably complies with the requirements of BGV C1 (Berufsgenossenschaftliche regulation for safety and health at work in the version that came into force on 1 April 1998).

The support structure, to which the component of the hoist according to the invention can be fastened, is preferably stationary. The support structure may be a ceiling. Preferably, the component of the hoist is substantially stationary. However, the attachment of the component to the support structure can be solved, so that the hoist according to the invention can be used flexibly. About the component, the traction means is attached to the support structure.

The hoist according to the invention may have a fastening means, via which the component is releasably securable to the support structure. The attachment means may be, for example, an eyelet. The fastener does not belong to the component and is thus not taken into account in the determination of the center of mass. The fastening means may alternatively be taken into account in the determination of the center of mass, in particular if it is not rotationally symmetrical and is not on the line of action. The component may hang on the attachment means, which in turn is releasably attachable to the support structure or a fastener. The fastening element can be, for example, a hook which is fastened to the support structure. It is not necessary that the hoist or the component according to the invention is rotationally symmetrical.

The invention allows a shift of the suspension point and the load output point of the component in two, preferably vertical planes. In this way, a balance with respect to the center of mass of the component of the hoist according to the invention is achieved by the suspension point and the load output point of the component are moved into a line of action with the center of mass of the component. The invention thus allows balancing weights and other special constructions the desired balance of the component of the hoist. Working with balancing weights is associated with such a significant increase in weight that a mobile use of the hoist is no longer feasible. The center of gravity balance of the component in the two planes can be achieved not only with two guide rollers but also with three or more guide rollers. Furthermore, the center of gravity compensation of the component can also take place when the hoist according to the invention is operated with two traction means running side by side.

The hoist according to the invention allows fast strokes. Balancing the center of gravity of its component in two levels ensures that the hoist always hangs vertically and retains its position. An advantage of this is still a vibration-free run when changes in load and a reduction in the load of the traction device.

The hoist according to the invention is suitable for any area in which a movement of a load to be made. By means of the hoist according to the invention, the load can be moved in any direction, in particular in the vertical direction, in the horizontal direction or in another direction. The area of application is mainly in the field of stage technology and show technology. However, the hoist according to the invention can also be used in other applications.

In an alternative embodiment of the hoist according to the invention, the component has the above-described arrangement of the reel, the one or more traction means guiding means and the one or more traction means to each other, without it being absolutely necessary that the center of gravity of the component is located on a straight line, the extends from the suspension point to the load departure point, although this is advantageous. The described structure of the component is characterized in particular by the described pivoting of the first guide roller to the second guide roller by an angle, wherein the pivot axis lies on the first vertical axis. In this alternative Embodiment, it is not necessary to determine the exact position of the center of mass of the component, the suspension point and the load output point. Preferably, however, by means of the pivoting of the second guide roller to the first guide roller, the suspension point and the load departure point are displaced in the direction of a vertical straight line passing through the center of mass of the component. In the alternative embodiment, the hoist according to the invention may have one, two or more traction means.

The term "bobbin" refers in one embodiment of the invention to a drum on which layers of the traction means can be unwound or unwound. In such a bobbin layers of the traction means, based on the axis of rotation of the bobbin, exclusively on top of each other and not next to each other. For this purpose it can be provided that the reel has a winding disk, whose extension is parallel to the axis of rotation of the reel in a range which is equal to or greater than the width of the traction means and smaller than twice the width of the pulling means. This prevents that two layers of the traction means can be next to each other. The bobbin may have flanged wheels to ensure that the individual layers of the traction means are defined superimposed and can not move to each other. This applies in particular to a load on the traction device. It can be provided that a flange is attached to both end faces of the winding disk. The flange discs each have a larger diameter than the winding disk. If the traction means is a flat traction means, for example a flat rope, the layers of the traction means located on the reel lie with their surface sides against one another, but not with their narrow sides. The layers may be wound on a reel in such a way that, in all the layers, the longitudinal axis of the traction means lies in a plane which orthogonally intersects the axis of rotation of the reel. When winding and unwinding of the traction means shifts its longitudinal axis in this plane. However, the longitudinal axis does not shift out of this plane. Likewise, the departure point of the traction means shifts from the winding disk only in this plane, but not out of this plane.

Fig. 1

eine Frontalansicht der Bobine, der Führungsrollen und des Seiles einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges;

Fig. 2

eine Ansicht der Bobine, der Führungsrollen und des Seiles der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges von unten;

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht der Bobine, der Führungsrollen und des Seiles der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges;

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht von unten der beiden Führungsrollen zur Veranschaulichung der Lage dieser Führungsrollen zueinander;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Teildarstellung der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges;

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges mit Darstellung des Masseschwerpunktes des Bauteils und der entsprechenden Wirklinie;

Fig. 7

eine Frontalansicht der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges mit Darstellung des Masseschwerpunktes des Bauteils und der entsprechenden Wirklinie;

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Teildarstellung der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges;

Fig. 9

eine perspektivische Teildarstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges;

Fig. 10

eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Bereiches B der in Fig. 9 gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebezeuges; und

Fig. 11

eine schematische Darstellung der zweiten Führungsrolle für das erste Seil und der zweiten Führungsrolle für das zweite Seil zur Veranschaulichung des Lastabgangspunktes.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments, which are not intended to limit the invention, with reference to the drawings. Show

Fig. 1

a front view of the reel, the guide rollers and the rope of an embodiment of the hoist according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a view of the bobbin, guide rollers and rope in the Fig. 1 shown embodiment of the hoist according to the invention from below;

Fig. 3

a side view of the bobbin, the guide rollers and the rope in Fig. 1 shown embodiment of the hoist according to the invention;

Fig. 4

a bottom view of the two guide rollers to illustrate the position of these guide rollers to each other;

Fig. 5

a partial perspective view of in Fig. 1 shown embodiment of the hoist according to the invention;

Fig. 6

a side view of in Fig. 1 shown embodiment of the hoist according to the invention with representation of the center of mass of the component and the corresponding action line;

Fig. 7

a frontal view of the in Fig. 1 shown embodiment of the hoist according to the invention with representation of the center of mass of the component and the corresponding action line;

Fig. 8

a partial perspective view of in Fig. 1 shown embodiment of the hoist according to the invention;

Fig. 9

a partial perspective view of a second embodiment of the hoist according to the invention;

Fig. 10

an enlarged view of the area B of in Fig. 9 shown embodiment of the hoist according to the invention; and

Fig. 11

a schematic representation of the second guide roller for the first rope and the second guide roller for the second rope to illustrate the Lastabgangspunktes.

The in the FIGS. 1 to 8 shown embodiment of the hoist 1 according to the invention has a component 12 (see FIGS. 6 and 7 ) with a bobbin 2, a first guide roller 3 and a second guide roller 4 (see FIGS. 1 to 5 ). The bobbin 2 serves as a support for a rope 9. The bobbin 2 has, as in the Figures 2 and 3 can be seen, a first flanged wheel 5 and a second, spaced from the first flanged wheel 5 flanged wheel 6 of the same diameter, between which the wound cable 9 is located. Between the first flanged wheel 5 and the second flanged wheel 6 there is a winding disk 7 of smaller diameter, on which the cable 9 is wound or from which the cable 9 is unwound. The two flanged wheels 5, 6 and the winding disk 7 are seated coaxially on a shaft 8, via which the reel 2 is connected to a drive unit which has a motor 19 and a gear 20 which is arranged between the motor 19 and the shaft 8 (see in particular Fig. 8 ). The drive unit may be, for example, an electric motor or another motor.

It is especially in the Figures 3 . 4 and 5 to recognize that the reel 2 about a horizontal axis of rotation C, the first guide roller 3 about a horizontal axis of rotation A ₁ and the second guide roller 4 are each arranged rotatably about a horizontal axis of rotation B ₁ . The horizontal axes A ₁ , B ₁ , C extend on the x, z plane of a Cartesian coordinate system. The horizontal axes of rotation of the reel 2 and the first and second guide rollers 3, 4 are spaced apart in the vertical direction (y-coordinate). In this case, the horizontal axis of rotation A _{1 of} the first guide roller 3 is below the horizontal axis of rotation B _{1 of} the second guide roller 4, which in turn below the horizontal axis of rotation C of the bobbin 2 is located (see FIGS. 4 and 5 ). The axis of rotation C of the bobbin 2 is parallel to the axis of rotation A _{1 of} the first guide roller 3, while the axis of rotation B _{1 of} the second guide roller 4 is not parallel to the axes of rotation A ₁ and C. The first and second guide rollers 3 and 4 have the same diameter, but they may also have different diameters. It is especially in the Figures 3 and 5 to recognize that the layers of the rope 9 are superimposed and not next to each other wound on the reel 2. For this purpose, the expansion of the winding disk 7 between the two flanged wheels 5, 6 may be smaller than twice the width of the cable 9 in this direction.

The rope 9 is a rope which is unwound from the reel 2 or wound onto the reel 2. The cable 9 is guided by the reel 2 to the first guide roller 3. The cable 9 rests on the edge of the first guide roller 3, wherein it, based on the cross section of the first guide roller 3, approximately covers a circular arc of 180 °, this varies during operation. This angle may vary by design over a wider range. At the first guide roller 3, the cable 9 is deflected in the direction of the second guide roller 4. Of the first guide roller 3, the cable 9 is guided on a first vertical axis D (see in particular Fig. 1 ). In this case, the neutral fiber of the rope 9 lies on the first vertical axis D.

On the first vertical axis D are the first and the second guide roller 3, 4 with its edge, more precisely with their grooves 10, 11 (see Fig. 4 ). With respect to the first vertical axis D, the second guide roller 4 is pivoted by an angle of 34 ° to the first guide roller 3. However, this angle may vary by design in a range of> 0 ° to <180 °. Are the horizontal longitudinal axis A _{2 of} the first guide roller 3, that is, an axis orthogonal to its axis of rotation A ₁ , and the horizontal longitudinal axis B _{2 of} the second guide roller 4, which is an axis orthogonal to the axis of rotation B ₁ , projected into a horizontal plane, Thus, the point of intersection E of the two longitudinal axes A ₂ and B ₂ lies on the first vertical axis D, on which in turn the neutral fiber of the rope 9 is guided from the first guide roller 3 to the second guide roller 4.

The cable 9 rests on the edge of the second guide roller 4, wherein it, based on the cross section of the second guide roller 4, approximately covers a circular arc of 180 °. At the second guide roller 4, the cable 9 is deflected by 180 °. This angle may vary by design over a wider range. The rope 9 now runs downwards in a vertical direction on a vertical straight line H, on which the suspension point J of the component 12, the center of mass G of the component 12 and the load departure point F lie (see also FIG FIGS. 6 and 7 ). At the end of the rope 9 is a load bearing, for example in the form of a thimble 15th

The FIGS. 6 and 7 show the hoist 1 according to the invention, which has the component 12 with a cable 9 and a frame 13, which carries the bobbin 2, the first guide roller 3, the second guide roller 4 and other components such as the motor 19 and the gear 20. The hoist 1 further comprises a fastening means designed as an eyelet 16 for releasably securing the component 12 to a support structure. The fastening means is not considered in this embodiment of the hoist according to the invention in the determination of the center of mass. The rope 9 has at one end a serving as a load receiving Kausche 15.

The component 12 has - with consideration of the rope 9 and the load bearing 15 - a center of gravity G, which lies on the vertical straight line H. The vertical straight line H is a second vertical axis on which the neutral fiber of the cable 9 extends after leaving the second guide roller 4. The frame 13 has on its upper side on a cross member 14 on which the suspension point J is located. On the cross member 14, the eyelet 16 may be attached, via which the component 12 can be releasably secured to a support structure located above the eyelet 16, for example a ceiling. At the bottom of the component 12 is the Lastabgangspunkt F. At this point, the cable 9 during unwinding last time - when winding the first time - contact with a component of the component 12. On the frame 13, the shaft 8 can be stored for the reel 2, and the Axles (not shown) on which the first and second guide means 3, 4 are mounted, be attached. The component 12 may have further components. These may be, for example, peripheral components and attachments. These are taken into account when determining the center of mass G of the component. For example, the component 12 may have a housing with side walls that are supported by the frame 13. As a further component of the component 12, a load measuring device 17 (see Fig. 3 ), which is integrated in the first guide roller 3.

The in the Figures 9 and 10 shown second embodiment of the hoist 1 corresponds to the first embodiment, except that the component 12 in addition to rope 9, a second cable 9 'has. The rope 9 is also referred to below as the first rope. Components of the component 12 which are required for winding and unwinding and for guiding the second cable have the same reference numerals as the corresponding components which are provided for the first cable 9, but are supplemented by an overline. The second cable 9 'runs parallel to the first cable 9. It is in the embodiment shown spaced from the first cable 9. In the second embodiment, the load departure point is also on the vertical straight line H, however, the first cable 9, unlike the first embodiment, does not run on this straight line. The load departure point F lies in the geometric center between a first point at which the first cable 9 contacts the second guide roller 4 during unwinding for the last time - during winding up - and a second point at which the second cable 9 'contacts the second guide roller 4'. when unwinding for the last time - when winding up for the first time - contacted (see Fig. 11 ).

The component 12 has a second reel 2 'for the second cable 9', which has a first flanged wheel 5 'and a second flanged disk 6' of the same diameter spaced from the first flanged wheel 5 ', in which it is the flanged wheel 6 of the first Bobine 2 acts. Between the first flanged wheel 5 'and the second flanged wheel 6' is a further, second winding disk of smaller diameter, on which the second cable 9 'is wound or from which the second cable 9' is unwound. The winding disk of the first reel 2 and the reel of the second reel 2 'have the same diameter. The three flanged wheels 5, 5 'and 6 (which at the same time is the flanged wheel 6') and the two winding wheels are seated coaxially on a shaft 8, via which the reels 2 and 2 'are connected to a drive unit comprising a motor 19 and a transmission 20, which is arranged between the motor 19 and the shaft 8 has.

The component 12 also has a first guide roller 3 'corresponding to the first guide roller 3 and a second guide roller 4' corresponding to the first guide roller 4. The first guide roller 3 'and the second guide roller 4' may have the same dimensions as the first guide roller 3 and the second guide roller 4. The two first guide rollers 3, 3 'can sit on a common axis. The first and the second guide rollers 3 ', 4' bear with their edge, ie with their grooves, on a further, third vertical axis D '. The third vertical axis D 'is parallel to the first vertical axis D. With respect to the third vertical axis, the second guide roller 4' is pivoted at an angle to the first guide roller 3 ', which corresponds to the angle by which the second guide roller 4 to the first Guide roller 3 is pivoted at the first reel 2. The axis of rotation of the second guide roller 4 'thus runs parallel to the axis of rotation B _{1 of} the second guide roller 4, while the first guide roller 3' and the first guide roller 3 have a common axis of rotation - that is the axis of rotation A ₁ - provided the first guide roller 3 'and the first guide roller 3 sit on a common axis. The second guide rollers 4, 4 ', however, each sit on separate axes whose axes of rotation are parallel to each other in a horizontal plane.

On the third vertical axis, the neutral fiber of the second cable 9 'extends from the first guide roller 3' to the second guide roller 4 '. In addition, if the horizontal longitudinal axis of the first guide roller 3 '- which is an axis orthogonal to its axis of rotation, and the horizontal longitudinal axis of the second guide roller 4', which is an axis orthogonal to the axis of rotation, projected in a horizontal plane, the intersection of both longitudinal axes on the third vertical axis D '.

The second cable 9 'has a thimble 15'. The two first guide rollers 3, 3 'and the two second guide rollers 4, 4' may each be formed as a component. In this case, two grooves can be provided in a roller body, which rotate in the circumferential direction of the roller. In this case, the first groove for the first cable 9 and the second groove for the second cable 9 'is used.

It is especially in Fig. 9 to recognize that the layers of the first rope 9 are superimposed and not next to each other wound on the first reel 2. For this purpose, the expansion of the winding disk between the two flanged wheels 5, 6 of the first reel 2 may be smaller than twice the width of the cable 9 in this direction. It is in Fig. 9 Furthermore, it can be seen that the layers of the second cable 9 'are wound over one another and not next to each other on the second reel 2'. For this purpose, expansion of the winding disk between the two flanged wheels 5 ', 6' of the second reel 2 'can be smaller than twice the width of the second cable 9' in this direction.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

hoist

2

Bobine for a rope

2 '

Bobine for second rope

3

first leadership

4

second leadership role

5

first flanged wheel

6

second flanged wheel

7

winding disk

8th

wave

9

rope

10

Groove of the first leadership role

11

Groove of the second guide roller

12

component

13

frame

14

transverse spar

15

thimble

16

eyelet

17

Load measurement device

19

engine

20

transmission

A ₁

Rotary axis of the first guide roller

A ₂

Longitudinal axis of the first guide roller

B ₁

Rotary axis of the second guide roller

B ₂

Longitudinal axis of the second guide roller

C

Rotary axis of the bobbin

D

first vertical axis

D '

third vertical axis

e

intersection

F

Load output point

G

Center of gravity

H

vertical straight line

J

suspension

Claims (15)

Hoist (1) for moving loads, wherein the hoist (1) comprises a component (12) having at least one traction means (9), a traction means carrier designed as a reel (2), at least one traction means guiding means (3, 4) and a suspension point (J), to which the component (12) is attachable to a support structure, and wherein the traction means (9) from the reel (2) via the at least one traction means guiding means (3, 4) to a load output point (F) out is characterized in that the component (12) has a center of mass (G) lying on a straight line (H) extending from the suspension point (J) to the load departure point (F). Hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (12) as traction means guiding means (3, 4) at least a first guide roller (3) and a second guide roller (4), wherein the traction means (9) of the reel (2 ) is guided to the first guide roller (3) and from the first guide roller (3) to the second guide roller (4). Hoist according to claim 2, characterized in that the first guide roller (3) below the second guide roller (4) is arranged. Hoist according to claim 3, characterized in that the first guide roller (3) about a horizontal axis of rotation (A ₁ ) is rotatable and that the second guide roller (4) about a horizontal axis of rotation (B ₁ ) is rotatable, wherein the horizontal axis of rotation (B ₁ ) of the second guide roller (4) at an angle to the horizontal axis of rotation (A ₁ ) of the first guide roller (3). Hoist according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that the first guide roller (3) has a horizontal longitudinal axis (A ₂ ) which extends orthogonal to its axis of rotation (A ₁ ), and the second guide roller (4) has a horizontal longitudinal axis (A) B ₂ ) which extends orthogonal to its axis of rotation (B ₁ ), wherein the horizontal longitudinal axis (B ₂ ) of the second guide roller (4) at an angle to the horizontal longitudinal axis (A ₂ ) of the first guide roller (3). Hoist according to claim 5, characterized in that the angle in which the horizontal longitudinal axis (B ₂ ) of the second guide roller (4) to the horizontal longitudinal axis (A ₂ ) of the first guide roller (3) extends, in a range of> 0 ° to <180 °. Hoist according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the traction means (9) from the first guide roller (3) to the second guide roller (4) on a first vertical axis (D) is guided. Hoist according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the traction means (9) is a cable, wherein the cable (9) comprises a neutral fiber, which at a groove of the first guide roller (3) and a groove of the second guide roller ( 4) is applied. Hoist according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that in a horizontal, between the first guide roller (3) and the second guide roller (4) lying projected longitudinal axis (A ₂ , B ₂ ) of the first and second guide roller (3, 4) have an intersection point (E) which lies on the first vertical axis (D), on which the traction means (9) from the first guide roller (3) to the second guide roller (4) is guided. Hoist according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the traction means (9) at the edge of the first guide roller (3) so rests that it, based on the cross section, a circular arc covered with a center angle of 130 to 230 °, and / or that the traction means (9) at the edge of the second guide roller (4) rests in such a way that it, based on the cross section, a circular arc covered with a center angle of 130 to 230 °. Lifting device according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the traction means (9) at the edge of the first guide roller (3) such that it covers, based on the cross section, a circular arc with a center angle of approximately 180 °, and / or in that the traction means bears on the edge of the second guide roller (4) in such a way that it covers, with respect to its cross-section, a circular arc with a center angle of approximately 180 °. Hoist according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a third guide roller. Hoist according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reel (2) is arranged on a shaft (8) via which the reel (2) can be connected to a drive unit. Hoist according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (12) has a frame (13) carrying the reel (2) and the at least one traction means guiding means (3, 4), and / or that the component ( 12) has a transverse spar (14) extending from a first to a second side wall of a housing carried by the frame (13) and at which the suspension point (J) is formed. Hoist according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two traction means.

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