EP4182257B1 - Lifting device for lifting and lowering loads - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a lifting device for lifting and lowering loads or heavy loads according to the preamble of claim 1.

STATE OF THE ART

Lifting devices are used to raise and lower loads vertically in relation to a vertical direction. They can be operated manually or by motor. In addition to manipulation in the vertical direction, such lifting devices usually also have the option of being moved in at least one transverse direction in order to be able to move loads in space. This can be done, for example, by rotating a boom of the lifting device and/or by moving it sideways.

By combining it with a suspension track, an otherwise stationary lifting device can also be moved along a structurally defined path. Arranged within a factory or on a factory site or transshipment point, even heavy loads such as loaded containers or entire vehicles can be moved safely.

With the EP 1 273 549 B1 and the EP 1 106 563 A2 A lifting device was known which serves to raise and lower heavy objects in particular. Each of these lifting devices comprises two frame arrangements which are arranged one above the other in relation to a vertical direction and are in particular aligned or alignable parallel to one another. The lower frame arrangement is arranged suspended from the upper frame arrangement via lifting traction means in such a way that the lower frame arrangement can be raised on the upper frame arrangement by winding up the lifting traction means using a motorized lifting and lowering device and can be lowered relative to the upper frame arrangement by unwinding the lifting traction means. In order to stabilize the lower frame arrangement, which can be deflected relative to the upper frame arrangement in at least one first lateral direction transverse to the vertical direction, each of these lifting traction means is deflected at least once in its extension. The deflection of the lifting traction means is carried out in such a way that a diagonal section of each lifting traction means, which runs at an incline relative to the vertical direction, crosses over an immediately adjacent diagonal section of another lifting traction means which runs at an opposite incline.

By redirecting the absolutely necessary lifting traction means, it is possible to use them at the same time to laterally stabilize the lower frame arrangement, which is practically dangling from the upper frame arrangement, in relation to the upper frame arrangement. On the other hand, due to the structural linking of the lifting movement with the lateral stabilization, it is not possible to adjust the inclination of the lower frame arrangement compared to the upper frame arrangement. This can sometimes be necessary in order to be able to specifically counteract vibrations and/or inclinations that occur during operation, especially during movement. In view of these observations, the lifting devices known to date still offer room for improvement.

THE INVENTION

The present invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a generic lifting device in such a way that, despite using the lifting traction means for lateral stabilization by means of deflection, it enables at least limited active deflection control of its lower frame arrangement.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a lifting device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent subclaims.

The invention initially proposes a course of each lifting traction means in its own lifting traction means plane, whereby these lifting traction means planes are oriented next to each other and parallel to each other. This means that each lifting traction means is only deflected within its own lifting traction means plane, whereby the parallel course of the lifting traction means planes means that the diagonal sections of the lifting traction means running inclined therein provide a stabilization that is only effective in relation to the first lateral direction. of the lower frame arrangement. In addition, diagonal traction means are provided which extend between the two frame arrangements and which each run in a diagonal traction means plane which is located next to one another and parallel to one another and oriented at right angles to the lifting traction means planes. The diagonal traction means can be wound up and unwound by means of a tensioning device. Two immediately adjacent diagonal traction means are crossed over one another in such a way that the lower frame arrangement, which can be deflected in relation to the upper frame arrangement in the first lateral direction and a second lateral direction, particularly at right angles to the first lateral direction, transverse to the vertical direction, is now also stabilized in relation to this second lateral direction in relation to the upper frame arrangement.

In this way, it is possible to continue to use the lifting traction means both to transmit the vertical forces between the frame arrangements, which result in particular from the absorption of a load, and to stabilize the lower frame arrangement in relation to the first lateral direction, while the additional inclined traction means serve to stabilize the lower frame arrangement in relation to the second lateral direction. The advantage resulting from this is that the inclined traction means serving to stabilize in relation to the second lateral direction can be controlled independently of the lifting traction means, so that the lower frame arrangement can be influenced at least to a limited extent if necessary. In addition, the lifting traction means are no longer diverted in different directions, which increases their wear. The deflections themselves can also be designed more simply. With regard to the design of the lifting traction devices, they only have to be able to be deflected around one axis, which above all enables the use of belts and/or straps, which are naturally wider than their thickness.

According to a particularly preferred development of the basic inventive concept, two lifting and traction means can be jointly deflected towards the lower frame arrangement on a deflection shaft located in the area of the upper frame arrangement. A common deflection shaft allows a deflection to be formed at any point on the upper frame arrangement. The reason for this is that a deflection shaft only requires bearings at the end, between which it can extend freely over longer distances. In contrast, for example, separate deflection rollers each require their own bearings, which always need to be appropriately close to load-bearing parts of the upper frame arrangement.

The invention provides that each lifting traction means can be deflected towards the upper frame arrangement by a deflection means located in the region of the lower frame arrangement. Such a deflection means can preferably be a deflection roller.

With regard to the course of the lifting traction means, it is considered advantageous within the scope of the invention if each of these lifting traction means is attached to a located deflection means is first deflected to a deflection means located in the region of the lower frame arrangement and from there to a deflection shaft located in the region of the upper frame arrangement. At least one of the deflection means can preferably be a deflection roller.

Preferably, each lifting traction means can then have at least one first vertical section extending between the deflection means located in the area of the upper frame arrangement and the deflection means located in the area of the lower frame arrangement, and at least one second vertical section extending between the deflection means located in the area of the lower frame arrangement and the deflection shaft located in the area of the upper frame arrangement. The two vertical sections can enclose an angle of 0° to 4° between them. Due to this course, the respective lifting traction means forms a loop-shaped configuration within which the lower frame arrangement can be supported via the respective deflection means. At least one of the deflection means mentioned can preferably be a deflection roller.

According to a preferred development of the lifting device according to the invention, it is provided that a free end of each lifting traction means can be fixed to the lower frame arrangement. End sections of the lifting traction means opposite these free ends can then be coupled to a lifting shaft of the lifting-lowering device that can be rotated by a lifting drive. The lifting shaft is designed in such a way and arranged so that the lifting traction means can be wound up at least partially around the lifting shaft and unwound from it.

Alternatively, it is provided that a free end of each lifting traction means can be fixed to the upper frame arrangement, while end sections of the lifting traction means opposite these free ends are coupled to a lifting shaft of the lifting-lowering device that can be rotated by a lifting drive. The lifting shaft is designed and set up in such a way that the lifting traction means can be wound up at least partially around the lifting shaft and unwound from it.

Of course, a combination of the embodiments referred to above as alternative is also conceivable, in which at least one of the lifting traction means shows one of the alternative arrangements, while at least one of the other lifting traction means has the other alternative arrangement.

With reference to the aforementioned alternative embodiments, it is considered advantageous if the lifting-traction means are jointly deflected on a deflection shaft located in the area of the upper frame arrangement to the lifting shaft of the lifting-lowering device located in the area of the upper frame arrangement. This requires that the lifting shaft of the lifting-lowering device or the entire lifting-lowering device is located on the upper frame arrangement.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the tensioning device can have at least one tensioning drive. This is coupled to at least one tensioning shaft, whereby at least two of the inclined traction means can then be wound up at least partially around the tensioning shaft and unwound from it. The tensioning drive can advantageously be mechanically independent of a lifting drive of the raising/lowering device in order to enable the inclined traction means to be controlled separately from the lifting traction means.

In this context, it is considered advantageous if at least two tension shafts are provided, around which at least two of the inclined traction means can be at least partially wound up and unwound from them. As far as the rotation of the tension shafts required for this is concerned, these can be coupled at least indirectly either to their own or to a common tension drive. One tension drive per tension shaft has the advantage that these can be controlled separately from one another in order to manipulate the inclined traction means in contact with them. In contrast, a common tension drive has the advantage that such a design requires fewer components and is correspondingly lighter. For this purpose, the tension shafts can be coupled in a suitable manner to the one tension drive in order to transmit torque, for example via at least one cardan shaft and/or a gear.

The individual traction means, i.e. the lifting and/or inclined traction means, can all be designed differently or the same. Preferably, all or at least individual traction means can be a belt or strap or rope or a chain. Of course, combinations of these are also conceivable, which means, for example, the construction of a single traction means from a belt and a rope. These can contain fibers made of, for example, metal and/or a plastic and/or a natural material or can be made from at least one of these.

The lifting device according to the invention now presented has extremely advantageous properties with regard to the stability of the lower frame arrangement compared to the upper frame arrangement. The known tendency of such hanging structures with regard to lateral deflections and/or rotational movements around a vertical direction is controlled according to the invention by redirecting the lifting traction means, which are necessary anyway, with regard to a first lateral direction, while the additional inclined traction means enable independent control with regard to the second lateral direction running transversely thereto.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Fig. 1

eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hubvorrichtung in einer perspektivischen Darstellungsweise sowie

Fig. 2

eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hubvorrichtung in einer ebenfalls perspektivischen Darstellungsweise.

Advantageous details and effects of the invention are explained in more detail below using an embodiment shown schematically in the figures. They show:

Fig.1

a first embodiment of the lifting device according to the invention in a perspective view and

Fig.2

a second embodiment of the lifting device according to the invention, also in a perspective view.

BEST WAY TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION

Fig.1 shows a perspective view of a lifting device 1 according to the invention. The lifting device 1 comprises two frame arrangements 2, 3, which each extend essentially parallel to a base plane spanned between a longitudinal direction X and a transverse direction Y. The two frame arrangements 2, 3 are arranged directly above one another with respect to a vertical direction Z running perpendicular to the base plane. The frame arrangements 2, 3 described with reference to the illustration of Fig.1 The lower frame arrangement 2 shown at the bottom is arranged via individual lifting and traction means H1-H4, suspended by gravity from the upper frame arrangement 3. This arrangement makes it possible for the lower frame arrangement 2 to be pulled up on the upper frame arrangement 3 parallel to the vertical direction Z by winding up the individual lifting and traction means H1-H4 by means of a lifting and lowering device 4 (not shown in detail here). The subsequent lowering of the lower frame arrangement 2 in the opposite direction against the vertical direction Z is carried out by appropriately unwinding the previously at least partially wound lifting traction devices H1-H4.

The lifting and lowering device 4 located in the area of the upper frame arrangement 3 has a lifting drive 4a which is coupled to a lifting shaft 4b in such a way that it transmits torque. The end sections of the lifting traction means H1-H4 are connected to the lifting shaft 4b in such a way that they can be wound up at least partially around the lifting shaft 4b and unwound from it. As can be seen, two of the lifting traction means H1, H3; H2, H4 are each deflected together on a deflection shaft 5a; 5b located in the area of the upper frame arrangement 3 towards the lower frame arrangement 2. Specifically, the two outer lifting traction means H1, H3 are deflected on the first deflection shaft 5a, while the two inner lifting traction means H2, H4 are deflected on the second deflection shaft 5b, which is spaced parallel to the first deflection shaft 5a in the plane of the upper frame arrangement 3. A further third deflection shaft 5c is arranged in the area of the lifting drive 4a on the upper frame arrangement 3 and also extends parallel to the other two deflection shafts 5a, 5b. The third deflection shaft 5c and the second deflection shaft 5b enclose the first deflection shaft 5a between them. All four lifting traction means H1-H4 are deflected together on the third deflection shaft 5c towards the lifting shaft 4b of the raising and lowering device 4.

Each of the four lifting traction devices H1-H4 is - starting from the associated deflection shaft 5a, 5b - first in the direction of the lower frame assembly 2 and from there back again to the upper frame arrangement 3. For this purpose, a deflection means in the form of a deflection roller 6a-6d is provided in the area of each corner of the lower frame arrangement 2, from where each of the lifting traction means H1-H4 coming from the upper frame arrangement 3 extends back in the direction of the upper frame arrangement 3, each inclined relative to the vertical direction Z. The inclined sections of the lifting traction means H1-H4, each running in its own lifting traction means plane, each form a diagonal section H1d-H4d. These run in such a way that each diagonal section H1d-H4d of a lifting traction means H1-H4 crosses over an immediately adjacent and oppositely inclined diagonal section H1d-H4d of another lifting traction means H1-H4. It is clear that the diagonal sections H1d, H2d of the first lifting traction means H1 and the second lifting traction means H2 cross over in the area of a side plane of the lifting device, while the two diagonal sections H3d, H4d of the third lifting traction means H3 and the fourth lifting traction means H4 cross over in the area of a side plane of the lifting device opposite this side plane. Since the lifting traction means plane of the individual lifting traction means H1-H4 are oriented next to each other and parallel to each other, they preferably cross over at a certain distance and thus without contact. The crossing of the lifting traction means H1-H4 serves to stabilize the lower frame arrangement 2, which can be deflected relative to the upper frame arrangement 3, in relation to a first lateral direction R1 transverse to the vertical direction Z. This prevents the lower frame arrangement 2 from deflecting in relation to a effectively prevented in the plane spanning the longitudinal direction X and the vertical direction Z.

In contrast, the lower frame arrangement 3 is stabilized with respect to a second lateral direction R2, which here runs at right angles to the first lateral direction R1, by inclined traction means S1-S4, which for this purpose also extend between the two frame arrangements 2, 3. The individual inclined traction means S1-S4 each run in one of the inclined traction means planes located next to one another and parallel to one another. The inclined traction means planes are oriented at right angles to the lifting traction means planes of the lifting traction means H1-H4. Two immediately adjacent inclined traction means S1-S4 are crossed with one another in such a way that the lower frame arrangement 2 is also stabilized with respect to the upper frame arrangement 3 with respect to the second lateral direction R2. The inclined traction means S1-S4 can be wound up and unwound for this purpose by means of a tensioning device, which is not shown in detail here and is preferably mechanically independent of the raising and lowering device 4. This has a tension drive, which is also not visible in detail, which is coupled to at least one tension shaft. In this way, at least two of the inclined traction means S1-S4 can be wound up at least partially around the tension shaft and unwound from it. In principle, at least two tension shafts can also be provided, around which at least two of the inclined traction means S1-S4 can be wound up at least partially and unwound from them. The tension shafts can at least indirectly either Each can be coupled with its own clamping drive or with a common clamping drive.

The free ends of the lifting traction means H1-H4 opposite the end sections of the lifting traction means H1-H4 that can be wound around the lifting shaft 4b and unwound from it are fixed to the upper frame arrangement 3 in the first embodiment shown here. In principle, at least one of the lifting traction means H1-H4 and/or the inclined traction means S1-S4 can be designed as a belt or strap or rope or chain. Of course, designs are also conceivable in which at least one of the lifting traction means H1-H4 at least partially comprises at least one of the designs mentioned.

Fig.2 is a perspective view of a second possible embodiment of the lifting device 1 according to the invention from Fig.1 For these, the same applies as previously stated in relation to Fig.1 Described, with the differences being discussed below:
It can be seen that the individual lifting traction means H1-H4 have a different course in this alternative embodiment. For this purpose, individual deflection means in the form of deflection rollers 7a-7d are also arranged on the upper frame arrangement 3. Starting from the third deflection shaft 5c, each lifting traction means H1-H4 is now initially connected to one of the deflection rollers 7a-7d arranged in the area of the upper frame arrangement 3 to one of the deflection rollers 7a-7d arranged on the lower frame arrangement with respect to the vertical direction Z essentially below this. 2 located deflection rollers 6a-6d. Then each of the lifting traction means H1-H4 deflected on the deflection rollers 6a-6d of the lower frame arrangement 2 extends back in the direction of the upper frame arrangement 3, where two of the lifting traction means H1-H4 are redirected together on one of the two deflection shafts 5a, 5b, so that they extend back to the lower frame arrangement 2, forming the inclined and crossing diagonal sections H1d-H4d, where they are fixed with their free ends.

Due to the course over the deflection rollers 6a-6d, 7a-7d arranged on the two frame arrangements 2, 3, each of the lifting traction means H1-H4 has a first vertical section H1v1, H2v1, H3v1, H4v1 extending between the two frame arrangements 2, 3 and a second vertical section H1v2, H2v2, H3v2, H4v2 also extending between the two frame arrangements 2, 3. The respective first vertical sections H1v1, H2v1, H3v1, H4v1 and second vertical sections H1v2, H2v2, H3v2, H4v2 of each lifting traction means H1-H4 can run parallel to one another. In principle, however, they can also enclose an angle of 0° to 4° between them.

Reference number :

1

Lifting device

2

lower frame arrangement of 1

3

upper frame arrangement of 1

4

Lifting and lowering device from 1

4a

Lifting drive of 4

4b

Hub shaft of 4

5a

first deflection shaft of 1

5b

second deflection shaft of 1

5c

third deflection shaft of 1

6a

Pulley on 2

6b

Pulley on 2

6c

Pulley on 2

6d

Pulley on 2

7a

Pulley at 3

7b

Pulley at 3

7c

Pulley at 3

7d

Pulley at 3

H1

first lifting traction device of 1

H1d

Diagonal section of H1

H1v1

first vertical section of H1

H1v2

second vertical section of H1

H2

second lifting traction device of 1

H2d

Diagonal section of H2

H2v1

first vertical section of H2

H2v2

second vertical section of H2

H3

third lifting traction device of 1

H3d

Diagonal section of H3

H3v1

first vertical section of H3

H3v2

second vertical section of H3

H4

fourth lifting traction device of 1

H4d

Diagonal section of H4

H4v1

first vertical section of H4

H4v2

second vertical section of H4

R1

first page direction

R2

second side direction

S1

first inclined traction device of 1

S2

second inclined traction device of 1

S3

third inclined traction device of 1

S4

fourth inclined traction device of 1

X

Longitudinal direction

Y

Transverse direction

Z

Vertical direction

Claims (11)

1. Lifting device (1) for lifting and lowering loads or heavy loads, comprising two frame assemblies (2,3) which are placed one above the other in relation to a vertical direction (Z), in particular oriented or able to be oriented parallel to one another, of which the lower fame assembly (2) is arranged suspended on the upper frame assembly (3) by lifting traction means (H1-H4) in such a way that by winding up the lifting traction means (H1-H4) by means of a lifting/lowering device (4) the lower frame assembly (2) can be raised up on the upper frame assembly (3) and by unwinding the lifting traction means (H1-H4) can be lowered down relative to the upper frame assembly (3), wherein to stabilize the lower frame assembly (2) which can be deflected relative to the upper frame assembly (3) in at least a first lateral direction (R1) transversely to the vertical direction (Z) each of the lifting traction means (H1-H4) is deflected at least once in its extent such that a diagonal portion (H1d-H4d) of each lifting traction means (H1-H4) hereby running inclined to the vertical direction (Z) crosses with a directly adjoining diagonal portion (H1d-H4d) of another lifting traction means (H1-H4) running oppositely inclined thereto,
   characterised by
   a path of each lifting traction means (H1-H4) in their own lifting traction means planes, which are oriented parallel to and adjacent one another, wherein between the two frame assemblies (2, 3) extend inclined traction means (S1-S4) which can be wound up and wound down by means of a tension device and which each run in one of inclined traction means planes located next to one another and parallel to one another and oriented at right angles to the lifting traction means planes, of which each two directly adjacent inclined traction means (S1-S4) cross over one another so that the lower frame assembly (2) which can be deflected transversely to the vertical direction (Z) relative to the upper frame assembly (3) into a second lateral direction (R2) running in particular at right angles to the first lateral direction (R1) is also stabilized relative to the upper frame assembly (3) in relation to this second lateral direction (R2).
2. Lifting device (1) according to Claim 1
   characterised in
   that each two lifting traction means (H1-H4) are deflected jointly towards the lower frame assembly (2) at a deflection shaft (5a, 5b) located in the region of the upper frame assembly (3).
3. Lifting device (1) according to Claim 1 or 2
   characterised in
   that each lifting traction means (H1-H4) is deflected towards the upper frame assembly (3) at a deflection means, in particular a guide pulley (6a-6d), located in the region of the lower frame assembly (2).
4. Lifting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims
   characterised in
   that each lifting traction means (H1-H4) is deflected at a deflection means, in particular a guide pulley (7a-7d), located in the region of the upper frame assembly (3), to a deflection means, in particular a guide puller (6a-6d) located in the region of the lower frame assembly (2), and from there to a deflection shaft (5a, 5b) located in the region of the upper frame assembly (3).
5. Lifting device (1) according to claim 4
   characterised in
   that each lifting traction means (H1-H4) has at least one first vertical section (H1v1, H2v1, H3v1, H4v1) extending between the deflection means, in particular guide pulley (7a-7d) located in the region of the upper frame assembly (3), and the deflection means, in particular guide pulley (6a-6d) located in the region of the lower frame assembly (2), as well as at least one second vertical section (H1v2, H2v2, H3v2, H4v2) extending between the deflection means, in particular guide pulley (6a-6d) located in the region of the lower frame assembly (2), and the deflection shaft (5a, 5b) located in the region of the upper frame assembly (3), wherein the two vertical sections (H1v1, H1v2; H2v1, H2v2; H3v1,H3v2; H4v1,H4v2) include an angle of 0_° to 4_° between them.
6. Lifting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims
   characterised in
   that a free end of each lifting traction means (H1-H4) is fixed on the lower frame assembly (2) wherein end sections of the lifting traction means (H1-H4) opposite the free ends of the lifting traction means (H1-H4) are coupled to a lifting shaft (4b) of the lifting/lowering device (4), that can be rotated by a lift drive (4a), and can be wound up round and unwound from same at least in part.
7. Lifting device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in
   that a free end of each lifting traction means (H1-H4) is fixed on the upper frame assembly (3) wherein end sections of the lifting traction means (H1-H4) opposite the free ends of the lifting traction means (H1-H4) are coupled to a lifting shaft (4b) of the lifting/lowering device (4), that is rotatable by a lift drive (4a) and can be wound up round and unwound from same at least in part.
8. Lifting device (1) according to claim 6 or 7
   characterised in
   that the lifting traction means (H1-H4) are jointly deflected at a deflection shaft (5c), located in the region of the upper frame assembly (3), towards the lifting shaft (4b) of the lifting/lowering device (4) located in the region of the upper frame assembly (3).
9. Lifting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims
   characterised in
   that the tension device has at least one tension drive which is in particular mechanically independent from a lift drive (4a) of the lifting/lowering device (4) and which is coupled to at least one tension shaft wherein at least two of the inclined traction means (S1-S4) can be wound up round and unwound from same at least in part.
10. Lifting device (1) according to claim 9
    characterised by
    at least two tension shafts around which each at least two of the inclined traction means (S1-S4) can be wound up and unwound at least in part, wherein the tension shafts are either coupled at least indirectly each to their own tension drive or are coupled to a common tension drive.
11. Lifting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims
    characterised in
    that at least one of the lifting traction means (H1-H4) and/or inclined traction means (S1-S4) is configured as a strap or belt or cable or chain or at least comprises in part at least one of these configurations