EP3409561B1 - Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire et système permettant de déplacer les points d'aiguillage d'un aiguillage ferroviaire équipé d'une telle machine - Google Patents

Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire et système permettant de déplacer les points d'aiguillage d'un aiguillage ferroviaire équipé d'une telle machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3409561B1
EP3409561B1 EP18174726.2A EP18174726A EP3409561B1 EP 3409561 B1 EP3409561 B1 EP 3409561B1 EP 18174726 A EP18174726 A EP 18174726A EP 3409561 B1 EP3409561 B1 EP 3409561B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
group
branch
working fluid
pressure
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EP18174726.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3409561A1 (fr
Inventor
Alessandro BECCARISI
Maurizio Biagiotti
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Silsud Srl
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Silsud Srl
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/04—Fluid-pressure devices for operating points or scotch-blocks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to railway technical field and in particular relates to an improved switch machine for railroad switches, in particular for high-speed railway lines.
  • the switch machines of the railroad switches generally provide at least one shifting actuator, which translates, by movement transmission means, the switch points of the railroad switch between two limit positions. More precisely, at the above mentioned limit positions, one switch point is drawn close to the respective switch stock rail and is, therefore, called closed switch point, whilst the other switch point is spaced from the respective switch stock rail and is called, therefore, open switch point.
  • the switch point that in the previous limit position was the closed-by switch point, is arranged at a predetermined distance from the respective switch stock rail and, therefore, becomes the far-removed switch point, whilst the switch point that was previously far-removed is arranged close to the respective switch stock rail and, therefore, becomes the closed-by switch point.
  • the movement from a limit position to the other is caused, as above disclosed, by an actuator, for example a hydraulic actuator having a predetermined actuation stroke arranged along an actuation direction.
  • an actuator for example a hydraulic actuator having a predetermined actuation stroke arranged along an actuation direction.
  • the switch machines of known type furthermore, provide locking/unlocking members, also known as switch point lock means, that block the switch points in one of the above disclosed limit positions.
  • the switch point lock means are moved from an unlocking configuration to a locking configuration through an overstroke of the actuator along the actuation direction that is known as "overlapping".
  • a circumstance that can occur in a railroad switch is that an obstacle, for example a stone, interposes between a switch point and the respective rail stock, thus obstructing the correct movement of the railroad switch, and in particular the displacement of the switch point next to the respective rail stock.
  • This situation could be not detected by the control system of the railroad switch in spite of the fact that the switch point is subjected to a bending owing to the presence of the obstacle between the switch point and the rail stock.
  • This condition can be dangerous, particularly in the high-speed railway lines, because the train could run on a railroad switch that is not arranged in the correct geometry.
  • a switch machine for a railroad switch that is equipped with:
  • the predetermined distance d* is less than a predetermined threshold distance, in such a way to reduce the working fluid pressure up to the predetermined value p* only in proximity of said limit position.
  • the above disclosed actuation position is the position in which the switch point, during its displacement by the movement group, is positioned at a distance from the respective stock rail equal to, or less than 30 mm, in particular equal to, or less than 25 mm, advantageously equal to, or less than 20 mm.
  • the technical solution according to the present invention is particularly advantageous in the case of a railroad switch provided with two, or more, switch machines.
  • the present invention allows to detect a possible external force acting on the actuator that is due to the presence, between switch point and stock rail, of an obstacle, such as a stone, or a bolt and, therefore, to avoid bending of the switch point that is moved.
  • the control group is deactivated. Therefore, the pressure of the working fluid, from value p* can be brought again to the above disclosed initial value pi.
  • the above disclosed movement of the locking/unlocking group from the locking configuration to the unlocking configuration, and vice versa is caused by an overstroke of the hydraulic actuator. Therefore, the increase of the working fluid pressure up to the initial value pi, allows to move the locking/unlocking group from said unlocking configuration to said locking configuration, by the above disclosed overstroke of the hydraulic actuator, applying the greatest available pushing force, i.e. the initial force Fi. Therefore, once has been verified that the switch point has been correctly drawn near the respective rail stock, obtained by a predetermined stroke of the hydraulic actuator at the reduced pressure p*, the successive step of switch lock, obtained by the above disclosed overstroke of the hydraulic actuator, can occur at the initial pressure pi, in such a way to assure that this step can be correctly and quickly carried out.
  • control group comprises:
  • the operating group provides:
  • the operating group can comprise, furthermore, an activation device associated to each said opening/closing device. More in particular, the activation device is configured to cause said first, or said second, opening/closing device to move from said closing position to said opening position when said actuation group reaches said actuation position during the motion in the first sliding direction, and the movement from the opening position to the closing position during the motion in the second sliding direction.
  • the activation device is configured to mechanically operate the movement of the first, or the second, opening/closing device from the closing position to the opening position, when, during the sliding along the movement direction, the hollow main body of the hydraulic actuator reaches the above mentioned predetermined actuation position, during the displacement of the switch point close to the respective rail stock.
  • the activation device mechanically operates the opening/closing device to move from the opening position to the closing position.
  • each activation device can be a cam member.
  • the hydraulic feeding circuit comprises:
  • the hydraulic feeding circuit is, furthermore, provided with a pressure detection group configured to detect the pressure values in the first and in the second feed branch, in such a way to monitor the trend of pressure over time P(ti) and to verify that said control group is correctly working.
  • a pressure detection group configured to detect the pressure values in the first and in the second feed branch, in such a way to monitor the trend of pressure over time P(ti) and to verify that said control group is correctly working.
  • a flow adjusting group can be provided configured to adjust the flow of working fluid in said first and in said second pushing chamber of said hydraulic actuator.
  • the flow adjusting group comprises a first and a second adjustment branch hydraulically connected one to the other, respectively, to the first and to the second pushing chamber.
  • each adjustment branch provides a respective flow adjusting device to adjust the flowrate of the working fluid discharged by the first, or the second, pushing chamber of the hydraulic actuator through a discharge branch.
  • This can comprise, or not, the chamber opposite to the chamber, which is causing the thrust.
  • control group and the operating group are integral to the hollow main body of the hydraulic actuator.
  • this and the additional operating group can be integral to the hollow main body, or slider, of the hydraulic actuator.
  • an additional operating group is furthermore provided configured to operate the flow adjusting group.
  • the additional operating group is arranged to operate the flow adjusting group at a predetermined operating position of the actuation group, advantageously at a plurality of operating positions.
  • the additional operating group is arranged to operate the flow adjusting group when the locking/unlocking group is actuated to move from the locking configuration to the unlocking configuration and/or to move from the unlocking configuration to the locking configuration.
  • a displacement system of the switch points in a railroad switch comprises a plurality of switch machines and wherein at least a switch machine of said plurality has the above described technical characteristics.
  • the above disclosed plurality of switch machines is hydraulically connected to a same feeding group configured to feed a predetermined constant flow of working fluid in a hydraulic feeding circuit. More in particular, the above disclosed plurality of switch machines is associated to a plurality of hydraulic actuators having respective hollow main bodies each of which slidingly mounted on a respective fixed stem configured in such a way to define a first and a second pushing chamber and configured to move in synchronized manner.
  • a switch machine 1 for a railroad switch 300 essentially, provides a movement group comprising at least a movement rod 20. This, in the case of a mobile crossing, is engaged to one switch point only at one of its end. Instead, in the case in which the switch machine 1, moved according to the invention, is provided at the switch points frame, the movement rod 20 is engaged, at opposite ends 21 and 22, respectively, to a first and to a second switch point 101 and 102 through respective movement transmission members.
  • the movement group 20 is arranged to translate along a movement direction 120 in order to cause a movement of the only one switch point fixed to it in the case of the crossing mobile, or of the first and of the second switch point 101 and 102, in the case of the switch points frame, between two limit positions.
  • the movement group 20 slides along the above disclosed movement direction 120, in a first direction, or in a second direction, opposite to the first, blade 101, 102, is positioned between a position closed to the respective stock rail 111, or 112, whereby is called closed switch point, and, therefore, the other switch point 102, or 101, is positioned in a position spaced from the respective stock rail 112, or 111, whereby is called open switch point, and vice versa.
  • the actuation group 70 comprises a hydraulic actuator 71, for example a double-effect hydraulic actuator, provided with a fixed stem 72 supported at opposite ends by supports 76a and 76b.
  • a double-effect hydraulic actuator 71 is always shown, a first and a second hydraulic actuator can be also provided, each of which provided, respectively, with the first and with the second pushing chamber 77 and 78, and operated in order to move the movement group 20 in a respective translation direction along the movement direction 120.
  • the actuator 71 provides, furthermore, a hollow main body 75 having a longitudinal cavity 79 and slidingly mounted on the fixed stem 72. This is configured in such a way to separate the longitudinal cavity 79 into a first and a second opposite pushing chamber 77 and 78.
  • the movement group 20 is caused to slide in the above disclosed first direction, or in the above disclosed second displacement direction, according to the pressure exerted in the first and/or in the second pushing chamber 77, or 78, by the working fluid.
  • a feeding group 210 feed a predetermined constant flow of working fluid alternatively, and selectively, in the first, or in the second pushing chamber 77 and 78.
  • the feeding group 210 provides a hydraulic control unit 200 comprising, for example, a pump 205 operated by a motor 206, schematically shown in the figure 2 , 5 and 7 with blocks, that feed the working fluid at a predetermined initial pressure pi.
  • the switch machine 1 provides, furthermore, a locking/unlocking group 50 arranged to move from a locking configuration, in which prevents the movement group in particular the movement rod 20, from translating along the movement direction 120, to an unlocking configuration, in which, instead, allows the above disclosed translation.
  • the locking/unlocking group 50 also known as switch lock group, is configured in such a way to arrange itself in the locking configuration when the actuation group 70 is arranged in a position such that the switch point 101, or 102, is arranged in a position closed to the respective stock rail 111, or 112.
  • the switch machine 1 is equipped with a control group 220 configured to reduce the pressure of working fluid from the above disclosed value pi up to a predetermined value p*.
  • the pressure value p* is set in such a way to correspondingly reduce the pushing force exerted by the hydraulic actuator 71.
  • the pushing force corresponding to pressure p* is, however, sufficient to allow the switch point to be positioned in the limit position, if the above disclosed situation does not occur.
  • control group 220 by discharging a determined quantity of working fluid from the first, or the second, pushing chamber 77, 78, depending on which of them is fed by feeding group 210, i.e. according to the sliding direction of the hollow main body 75 and, therefore, of the movement group 20.
  • the sliding direction is towards the right, i.e. the direction that brings the switch point 102 in the position of closed switch point, the working fluid is discharged from the first pushing chamber 77, through a first discharge branch 225.
  • the switch machine 1 provides an operating group 231, 232, configured to operate the control group 220, when the actuation group 70 reaches a predetermined actuation position.
  • switch point 101, or 102 moved towards the respective stock rail 111, or 112, is positioned near the respective stock rail 111, or 112, i.e. is positioned at a distance from this less than a predetermined threshold distance d*.
  • the threshold distance d* in general, depends on the geometry of the railroad switch, on the position of the switch machine with respect to the switch railroad, on the material of which the switch point is made of, and on other constructive parameters.
  • the present invention allows to immediately detect the obstacle 150 and to promptly operate in order to close the switch railroad and communicate the malfunction, in such a way to immediately bring in safe the line.
  • an operating group is, furthermore, provided which opens the discharge circuit to reduce the pressure up to a value p*, only in proximity of the respective stock rail, allows, in particular, to optimize the mechanism, because it provides to verify the practicability of the switch railroad only if the obstacle 150 is present at a highly critical zone, i.e. only if the obstacle is positioned near stock rail 111, 112.
  • the control group comprises a first control branch 221 hydraulically connected to first pushing chamber 77 and provided with a first control valve 241 configured to reduce pressure of working fluid in the first control branch 221 comprising la first pushing chamber 77.
  • the pressure reduction is obtained by discharging a predetermined quantity of working fluid in a discharge branch 225, comprising, or not, the second pushing chamber 78, until the pressure reaches the above disclosed predetermined threshold value p*.
  • the control group 220 comprises, furthermore, at least a second control branch 222 hydraulically connected to second pushing chamber 78 and provided with a second control valve 242, which, analogously to what above described for the first control valve 241, is configured to reduce the pressure value of the working fluid in the second branch 222, by discharging a predetermined quantity of working fluid through the second discharge branch 226, comprising, or not the first pushing chamber 77, until the pressure reaches the above disclosed predetermined threshold value p*.
  • the first control branch 221 is opened by respective operating group 231, when the actuation group 70 slides in the first direction, i.e. with reference to figure 5 , from left to right, instead the second control branch 222 is opened by respective operating group 232, when the actuation group 70 slides in the second direction, i.e. from right to left.
  • the operating group provides a first opening/closing device 231 configured to move between an opening position and a closing position to hydraulically connect or disconnect the first control branch 221 to the first discharge branch 225, and at least a second opening/closing device 232 configured to move between an opening position and a closing position to hydraulically connect or disconnect the second control branch 222 to a second discharge branch 226.
  • the operating group a determined number of activation devices, each of which associated to a respective opening/closing device 231, 232.
  • Each activation device can comprise two parts, and precisely a first part 175a integral to the hollow main body 75, and a second part 175b fixed. More in detail, the operating group is arranged to mechanically operate the movement of the first, or the second, opening/closing device 231, 232, from the closing position to the opening position, once the above disclosed predetermined actuation position is reached.
  • the hydraulic feeding circuit 210 can provide a first feed branch 211 hydraulically connected to first pushing chamber 77, and a second feed branch 212 hydraulically connected to second pushing chamber 78. More precisely, both the first feed branch 211, and the second feed branch 212 are associated to a respective flow adjusting device 215, 216. These are configured to feed a predetermined constant flow of working fluid in the respective feed branch 211, 212, and, therefore, in a respective pushing chamber 77, 78.
  • the branch to be hydraulically connected to pumping device 205 is the first feed branch 211, or the second feed branch 212
  • the corresponding flow adjusting device 215, or 216 will be open and, therefore, it will provide to feed the above disclosed constant flow to the respective pushing chamber 77, 78, whilst the other flow adjusting device 216, or 215, will be closed, for example positioned in a stand-by configuration by a by-pass, in order not to discharge the working fluid downstream of the same.
  • the movement rod 20 has to slide towards the right, i.e. if the switch point to be drawn near the respective stock rail is the switch point 101 and, therefore, if the pushing chamber of the actuator 71 to be fed with the working fluid is the first pressure chamber 77, the first flow adjusting device 215 is opened, whilst the second flow adjusting device 216 is closed.
  • the feeding circuit 210 provides, furthermore, a pressure detection group 250.
  • a pressure detection group 250 This comprises, for example, a pressure transductor, configured to detect the pressure values at least in one between the first and the second feed branch 211, 212. In this way, it is possible to verify that the control group is correctly working, and in particular the control valves, and that the above disclosed reduction of pressure of the working fluid is really obtained.
  • the pressure detection group 250 provides at least a pressure transductor 255 configured to detect, alternatively, the pressure in the first feed branch 211 and in the second feed branch 212, according to the pushing chamber fed with the working fluid.
  • a first and a second pressure transductors 251 and 252 are provided, both configured to measure the pressure both in the first and in the second feed branch 211 and 212. In this way it is possible to obtain a redundant measurement of pressure.
  • a flow adjusting group 260 comprising a first and a second branch 261 and 262, hydraulically connected, respectively, to the first and to the second pushing chamber 77 and 78.
  • each adjustment branch 261, 262 provides a respective additional flow adjusting device 217, 218, configured to adjust the flow of working fluid discharged from the first, or from the second, pushing chamber 77, 78, of hydraulic actuator 71, through a respective additional discharge branch 275, or 276.
  • the additional discharge branches 275 and 276 can comprise the chamber opposite to the one that is fed, or can bypass it (branches with hatched line in figure 7 ).
  • each adjustment branch 261, 262, advantageously furthermore provides a respective one-way valve 247, 248.
  • the additional discharge branch can comprise the chamber opposite to the one in which the working fluid is fed that in this working condition is arranged in a discharge configuration.
  • the additional discharge branch comprises the pushing chamber 78.
  • an additional operating group for example a first and a second additional opening/closing device 233 and 234, can be provided at each flow adjustment branch 261 and 262.
  • the additional operating group 233 and 234 is configured to operate the first, or the second, flow adjustment branch 261, 262, when a predetermined operating position of the actuation group 70 is reached, i.e. of the hollow main body 75.
  • the above disclosed predetermined actuation position of the flow adjustment branch 261, or 262 can be, for example, the position of the movement group 20 corresponding to the beginning of the step of movement from the locking configuration to the unlocking configuration of locking/unlocking group, i.e. when the switch lock group is unlocked.
  • the railroad switch 300 is of multi-point type, i.e. comprises a plurality of switch machines, for example 4 switch machines 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d, hydraulically connected to the same pumping device 200 of the fluid in pressure through a respective branch of the hydraulic circuit 210 (see figure 8A ).
  • each switch machine 1a-1d is associated to a respective hydraulic actuator 71a-71d.
  • the hydraulic actuators 71a-71d are configured to move in a synchronized way, in particular in order to simultaneously operate the movement of the respective locking/unlocking groups from the locking configuration to the unlocking configuration, and to displace the first, or the second switch point 101, 102, in such a way to avoid jamming, or bending.
  • the above disclosed displacement system of the switch points provide the above disclosed plurality of hydraulic actuators 71a-71d, in particular double-effect hydraulic actuators, associated to a plurality of first and second pushing chambers 77a-77d and 78a-78d.
  • the above disclosed plurality of hydraulic actuators 71a-71d is dimensioned, essentially in terms of cross-section and length of the pushing chambers and the fixed stems, according to the position in the railroad switch 300, in such a way to obtain the above disclosed synchronized motion with a constant flow of the working fluid.
  • the size of the hydraulic actuators 71a-71d increases in a predetermined way, going away from the crossing C of railroad switch 300.
  • control group 220 in particular the control valves 241 and 242, and the respective actuation devices 231, 232 of the control branches, can be provided integral to the hollow main body 75 of the hydraulic actuator 71.
  • the additional flow adjustment devices 217 and 218 and the respective actuation devices 233 and 234 can be integral to the hollow main body of actuator 75.
  • both of the adjusting valves 241 and 242 and of the additional adjustment devices 217 and 218, or at least a part of them, can be made in the hollow main body 75.
  • a switch machine 1 that can be operated by the device above disclosed, can be advantageously of the type having sizes that allow it to be installed at a rail sleeper 160 of a railway line.
  • the switch machine 1 can provide a first control rod 31 and a second control rod 32, for example arranged coaxially to each other, arranged to translate independently one from the other, along a direction parallel to the above disclosed movement direction 120.
  • the first and the second control rod 31 and 32 have a respective end 31a, 32a, respectively, fixed to the first switch point, or left switch point, 101 and to the second switch point, or right switch point, 102.
  • first and the second control rod 31 and 32 are fixed, respectively, to the first and to the second switch point 101 and 102 in engagement points B and B' that are different from the engagement points A and A' at which the ends 21 and 22 of movement rod 20 are fixed to the switch points 101 and 102. More in particular, the first and the second control rod 31 and 32 are fixed to the switch points 101 and 102 by movement transmission members 38a, 39a different from the movement transmission members 40a and 40b through which the ends 21 and 22 of the portions 20a and 20b of movement rod 20 are fixed to the switch points 101 and 102.
  • the actuation group 70 provides, furthermore, a movable body 41, in particular housed within a housing 42, integral to the movement rod 20. More in particular, each portion 20a and 20b of movement rod 20, at the opposite side of the above disclosed ends 21 and 22, provides another end 23 and 24 integral to a containment body 45, which provides the above disclosed housing 42 for the movable body 41.
  • the movable body 41 and the cam portion 73 are configured in such a way that the translation of hollow main body 75 and, therefore, of cam portion 73 integral to it, along the fixed stem 72, causes the movable body 41 to move from a locking configuration, in which is arranged to engage in a fixed body 43, in particular integral to a rail sleeper 160 of the rail line at which the switch machine 1 is positioned, in order to prevent the movement rod 20, or each of its portion 20a, 20b, from translating and an unlocking configuration, in which the movable body 41 is not engaged to the fixed body 43 and is arranged to integrally translate with the movement rod 20, or with each portion 20a, 20b, along a movement direction 120.
  • the movement from the unlocking configuration to the locking configuration of the locking/unlocking group 50 is caused, in particular, by an overstroke of actuator 71 along an actuation direction parallel to the movement direction 120 of movement rod 20.
  • the translation of hollow main body 75, and of cam portion 73 integral to it, along stem 72 of actuator 71 causes the movable body 41 to rotate about a rotational axis 141 orthogonal to the movement direction 120.
  • the movable body 41 is pivoted to the containment body 45 at a pivot 44. In this way, the movement of movable body 41 is caused from the unlocking configuration ( figures 18 and 19 ) to the locking configuration ( figures 13-15 ) about the rotational axis 141.
  • the cam portion 73 provides a pushing surface 37 arranged to cooperate with at least a guide roll, for example 2 guide rolls 47 and 48, mounted free to rotate about a rotational shaft integral to the above disclosed movable body 41, in order to guide the motion of the movable body 41 within housing 42.
  • the pushing surface 37 provides a first and a second portion 37a and 37b having opposite inclinations and connected to a straight portion 37c, in such a way to substantially define a polygonal-shaped cam portion (see for example figure 18 ).
  • the guide rolls 47 and 48 are arranged to be positioned into contact with the above disclosed pushing surface 37, which guides them upward, or downward, according to the translation direction of cam portion 73, thus causing, alternatively a translation along a movement direction 120, or a rotation in clockwise direction, or in anticlockwise direction, of movable body 41 about rotational axis 141.
  • the movable body 41 in particular a first engagement portion 41a, or a second engagement portion 41b, of the same, is caused to move towards inside, or outside (according to the direction of rotation), respectively in a first, or in a second, blocking seat 43a, 43b made in the fixed body 43, at the locking configuration, or at the unlocking configuration, respectively.
  • a control device 60 is, furthermore, provided is configured in such a way to prevent the movable body 41 from rotating about the rotational axis 141 and, therefore, to move from the unlocking configuration to the locking configuration, if both the control rods 31 and 32 are arranged in the respective predetermined correct positions.
  • control device 60 impedes the engagement portions 41a, or 41b, of movable body 41, depending on which of the first, or the second, switch point 101, 102, is the closed switch point in that operative condition, to engage in the respective blocking seat 43a, or 43b of fixed body 43.
  • the above disclosed condition that is the non-displacement of both the control rods 31 and 32 in the predetermined correct positions, can occur, for example, because one of the two switch points 101, or 102, is disengaged from the movement rod 20.
  • the movement rod continues, however, to be moved along the above disclosed movement direction of actuation group and, therefore, the system does not detect the malfunction.
  • the technical solution according to the present invention instead, allows to detect the above disclosed malfunction, because the control device 60 detects a relative motion between the control rod 31 and the containment body 45, to which the support body 34 is integral to, and does not allow, therefore, to the locking/unlocking group 50, to move from the unlocking configuration to the locking configuration.
  • the switch machine 1 since the control device 60, owing to the non-detection of the correct position of the control rods 31, 32, does not allow the locking/unlocking group 50 to move in the locking configuration, the switch machine 1, according to the invention is able to increase the level of safety of the railroad line at which is installed.
  • the control device 60 provides a first and a second lowered portion 35 and 36, each of which made at a predetermined position of a respective control rod 31, 32.
  • the control device 60 provides, furthermore, a first and a second control arm 65 and 66 integral to the movable body 41, in particular at the opposite sides, advantageously at, or in proximity of, the engagement portions 41a, 41b. More in particular, the control arms 65 and 66 can protrude from the containment body 45 through respective apertures, or windows, 46a and 46b towards the control rods 31 and 32.
  • control arms 65 and 66 are arranged to position in a respective lowered portion 35, 36 of a respective control rod 31, 32, allowing the movable body 41 to rotate about the rotational axis 141 in order to move from the unlocking configuration to the locking configuration, only if both the first and the second control rod 31 and 32 are arranged in the respective above disclosed predetermined correct position with respect to the locking/unlocking group 50. Instead, if, for example owing to the disengagement of a switch point from the movement rod, one between the two control rods 31, or 32, is not in the correct position, rotation of movable body 41 caused by the pushing surface 37 is impeded.
  • control arm 65, or 66 is not able to completely rotate owing to the greatest thickness of control rod 31, or 32, with respect to the lowered portion 35, or 36, and therefore, the engagement portion of the movable body 41 is not able to exit the blocking seat 43a, or 43b, of fixed body 43.
  • the control device 60 "does not permit" the locking/unlocking group 50 to move from the unlocking configuration to the locking configuration.
  • control rod that is fixed to the same switch point for example control rod 31 fixed to switch point 101, moves in the position of figure 17 , in which impedes the locking/unlocking group 50 to move from the unlocking configuration to the locking configuration.
  • each lowered portion 35, 36 is a circumferential groove made on a respective control rod 31, 32.
  • each control arm 65, 66 can have a contacting portion 67, 68 substantially "U"-shaped, or "V"-shaped, and has a first and a second end 67a, 67b and 68a, 68b arranged, in use, at opposite sides of a same control rod 31, 32 ( figure 11B ).
  • each contacting portion 67, 68 is made at a closed end. This solution assures to have a higher structural stiffness for the control arm 65, 66.
  • each first and second end 67a,67b, and 68a,68b of a same control arm 65, and 66 are arranged to alternatively and selectively position, in a same circumferential groove 35, or 36, but at the opposite side with respect to control rod 31, or 32, according to that the engagement portions 41a, 41b of the movable body 41 and the respective engagement seats 43a, 43b of the fixed body 43, are arranged in the first locking configuration ( figures 13 and 14 ), corresponding to the situation in which the left switch point 102 is the closed switch point, or in the second locking configuration ( figure 20 ), corresponding, instead, to the situation in which the left switch point 101 is the closed switch point.
  • an electric control device of the position of the switch points is also provided, that is not shown in the figures for reasons of simplicity, but that is of known kind in the technical field.
  • control device prevents the locking/unlocking group from moving from the unlocking configuration to the locking configuration when the control rods are positioned in the respective predetermined positions
  • the skilled person would have no difficulty, however, adjusting the solution according to the present invention also to the case in which the control device is configured in such a way to prevent the locking/unlocking group from moving from the locking configuration to the unlocking configuration in the same condition, i.e. when the control rods are not positioned in the respective predetermined positions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Machine d'aiguillage (1) pour un aiguillage ferroviaire équipée de :
    - un groupe de déplacement (20) configuré pour effectuer un mouvement de translation le long d'une direction de déplacement (120) dans une première direction de déplacement, ou dans une deuxième direction de déplacement opposée à la première, pour déplacer de manière alternative, au moins un point d'aiguillage (101, 102) entre deux positions limites dans lesquelles le point d'aiguillage est, respectivement, fermé à, ou espacé de, une contre-aiguille respective ;
    - un groupe d'actionnement (70) configuré pour actionner ladite translation dudit groupe de déplacement (20) dans ladite direction de déplacement (120), ledit groupe d'actionnement (70) comprenant au moins un actionneur hydraulique (71) ayant un corps principal creux (75) doté d'une cavité longitudinale (79) et monté de manière coulissante sur une tige fixe (72) configurée pour définir dans ladite cavité longitudinale (79) une première et une deuxième chambres de poussée opposées (77, 78), ledit groupe de déplacement (20) étant amené à coulisser dans ladite première direction, ou dans ladite deuxième direction de déplacement, en fonction de la pression exercée par un fluide de travail dans ladite première ou ladite deuxième chambre de poussée (77, 78) ;
    - un groupe d'alimentation (210) comprenant un dispositif de pompage (205) et configuré pour alimenter de manière alternative et sélective un flux constant prédéterminé dudit fluide de travail dans ladite première et dans ladite deuxième chambres de poussée (77, 78), par le biais d'un circuit d'alimentation hydraulique (210), ledit groupe d'alimentation (210) étant agencé pour alimenter ledit fluide de travail à une pression initiale prédéterminée pi correspondant à une force de poussée Fi ;
    - un groupe de verrouillage/déverrouillage (50) agencé pour se déplacer depuis une configuration de verrouillage, dans laquelle il est agencé pour empêcher ladite translation dudit groupe de déplacement (20), vers une configuration de déverrouillage, dans laquelle il est agencé pour permettre ladite translation dudit groupe de déplacement (20) ; ladite machine d'aiguillage fournissant en outre :
    - un groupe de commande (220) configuré pour réduire ladite pression initiale pi dudit fluide de travail à l'intérieur de ladite première ou ladite deuxième chambre de poussée, jusqu'à une valeur prédéterminée p*, de manière à réduire de manière correspondante la force de poussée exercée par ledit actionneur hydraulique (71) jusqu'à une valeur prédéterminée F* afin d'empêcher ledit groupe d'actionnement de continuer à coulisser si une force externe supérieure à ladite force de poussée F* agit ;
    caractérisé en ce qu'un groupe d'opération (231, 232) est, en outre, fourni configuré pour opérer ledit groupe de commande (220) quand ledit groupe d'actionnement (70), pendant ledit déplacement dudit groupe de déplacement (20) dans ladite direction de déplacement (120), atteint une position d'actionnement prédéterminée à laquelle ledit point d'aiguillage est positionné à une distance prédéterminée d* depuis la contre-aiguille respective (111, 112), avec d* inférieure à une distance de seuil prédéterminée, de telle manière à réduire ladite pression dudit fluide de travail jusqu'à ladite valeur prédéterminée p* à proximité de ladite position limite.
  2. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit groupe de commande (220) comprend :
    - une première dérivation de commande (221) connectée par voie hydraulique à ladite première chambre de poussée (77), ladite première dérivation de commande (221) étant dotée d'une première vanne de commande (241) configurée pour réduire ladite pression dudit fluide de travail dans ladite première chambre de poussée (77) jusqu'à ladite valeur prédéterminée p*, en évacuant une quantité prédéterminée dudit fluide de travail via une première dérivation d'évacuation (225), quand ledit groupe d'actionnement (70) se déplace dans ladite première direction ;
    - au moins une deuxième dérivation de commande (222) connectée par voie hydraulique à ladite deuxième chambre de poussée (78), ladite deuxième dérivation de commande (222) étant dotée d'une deuxième vanne de commande (242) configurée pour réduire ladite pression dudit fluide de travail dans ladite deuxième chambre de poussée (78) en déchargeant une quantité déterminée dudit fluide de travail via une deuxième dérivation de décharge (226) jusqu'à atteindre ladite valeur prédéterminée p*, quand ledit groupe d'actionnement (70) se déplace dans ladite deuxième direction.
  3. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit groupe d'opération (231, 232) fournit :
    - un premier dispositif d'ouverture/fermeture (231) configuré pour se déplacer entre une position d'ouverture et une position de fermeture afin de connecter ou déconnecter par voie hydraulique ladite première dérivation de commande (221) et ladite première dérivation de décharge (225) ;
    - un deuxième dispositif d'ouverture/fermeture (232) configuré pour se déplacer entre une position d'ouverture et une position de fermeture afin de connecter ou déconnecter par voie hydraulique ladite deuxième dérivation de commande (222) et ladite deuxième dérivation de décharge (226) ;
    - un dispositif d'activation (175a, 175b) associé à chacun dudit dispositif d'ouverture/fermeture (231, 232) et configuré pour amener ledit premier ou ledit deuxième dispositif d'ouverture/fermeture (231, 232) à se déplacer depuis ladite position de fermeture vers ladite position d'ouverture quand ledit groupe d'actionnement (70) atteint ladite position d'actionnement, pendant le déplacement dans ladite première direction, et depuis ladite position d'ouverture vers ladite position de fermeture quand ledit groupe d'actionnement (70) atteint ladite position d'actionnement, pendant le déplacement dans ladite deuxième direction.
  4. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle ladite distance prédéterminée d* est ≤30 mm, en particulier d*≤25 mm, de manière avantageuse d*≤20 mm.
  5. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle ledit circuit d'alimentation hydraulique (210) fournit un groupe de détection de pression (255) configuré pour détecter les valeurs de pression dans ladite première ou dans ladite deuxième dérivation d'alimentation (211, 212), de telle manière à surveiller une tendance de pression dans le temps p(ti) et à vérifier que ledit groupe de commande (220) fonctionne correctement.
  6. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle un groupe d'ajustement de flux (260) est, en outre fourni configuré pour ajuster le flux de fluide de travail dans ladite première et dans ladite deuxième chambres de poussée (77, 78) dudit actionneur hydraulique (71), ledit groupe d'ajustement de flux (260) comprenant une première et au moins une deuxième dérivations d'ajustement (261, 262) connectées par voie hydraulique, respectivement, à ladite première et à ladite deuxième chambres de poussée (77, 78), chaque dérivation d'ajustement (261, 262) équipée d'un dispositif d'ajustement de flux supplémentaire respectif (217, 218) configuré pour ajuster le flux dudit fluide de travail déchargé depuis ladite première ou depuis ladite deuxième chambre de poussée (77, 78) dudit actionneur hydraulique (71) via une dérivation de décharge supplémentaire respective (275, 276).
  7. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle un groupe d'opération supplémentaire (233, 234) est, en outre, prévu configuré pour opérer ladite première ou ladite deuxième dérivation d'ajustement de flux (261, 262) quand des positions d'opération prédéterminées sont atteintes.
  8. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle lesdites positions d'opération prédéterminées de ladite première et de ladite deuxième dérivations d'ajustement de flux (261, 262) correspondent aux positions du groupe de déplacement (20) au niveau desquelles le déplacement dudit groupe de verrouillage/déverrouillage (50) depuis ladite configuration de verrouillage vers ladite configuration de déverrouillage se produit.
  9. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle au moins ledit groupe de commande (220, 241, 242) et ledit groupe d'opération (231, 232) sont solidaires audit corps principal creux (75) dudit actionneur hydraulique (71).
  10. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle ledit dispositif d'activation (175a, 175b) est un élément à came.
  11. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle ledit circuit d'alimentation hydraulique (210) est, en outre, équipé d'un groupe de détection de pression (250) configuré pour détecter les valeurs de pression au moins dans l'une entre ladite première et ladite deuxième dérivations d'alimentation (211, 212).
  12. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle ledit groupe de détection de pression (250) fournit au moins un transducteur de pression (255) configuré pour, en alternance, détecter la pression dans ladite première dérivation d'alimentation (211) et dans ladite deuxième dérivation d'alimentation (212), en fonction de la chambre de pression qui est alimentée avec ledit fluide de travail.
  13. Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire, selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle ledit groupe de détection de pression (250) fournit un premier et un deuxième transducteurs de pression (251, 252) tous deux configurés pour détecter la pression à la fois dans ladite première dérivation d'alimentation (211) et dans ladite deuxième dérivation d'alimentation (212), de manière à effectuer une mesure redondante de pression.
  14. Système de déplacement de points d'aiguillage dans un aiguillage ferroviaire caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité de machines d'aiguillage (1a à 1d), selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, ladite pluralité de machines d'aiguillage (1a à 1d) étant connectées par voie hydraulique via des dérivations d'alimentation respectives, au même groupe d'alimentation (200) configuré pour alimenter un flux constant prédéterminé dudit fluide de travail dans ledit circuit d'alimentation hydraulique (210), ladite pluralité de machines d'aiguillage (1a à 1d) étant associées à une pluralité d'actionneurs hydrauliques (71a à 71d) ayant des corps principaux creux respectifs (75a à 75d) montés de manière coulissante sur des tiges fixes respectives (72a à 72d), chaque tige fixe (72a à 72d) étant configurée de manière à définir dans le corps principal creux respectif (75a à 75d) une première et une deuxième chambres de poussée (77a à 77d, 78a à 78d), et dans lequel ledit groupe d'alimentation (200) est configuré pour alimenter de manière alternative et sélective ladite pluralité de premières chambres de poussée (77a à 77d) et ladite pluralité de deuxièmes chambres de poussée (78a à 78d).
  15. Système de déplacement de points d'aiguillage dans un aiguillage ferroviaire caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité de machines d'aiguillage (1a à 1d), selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, ladite pluralité de machines d'aiguillage (1a à 1d) étant connectées par voie hydraulique au même groupe d'alimentation (200) configuré pour alimenter un flux constant prédéterminé dudit fluide de travail dans ledit circuit d'alimentation hydraulique (210), ladite pluralité de machines d'aiguillage (1a à 1d) étant associées à une pluralité d'actionneurs hydrauliques (71a à 71d) ayant des corps principaux creux respectifs (75a à 75d) montés de manière coulissante sur des tiges fixes respectives (72a à 72d), chaque tige fixe (72a à 72d) étant configurée de manière à définir dans le corps principal creux respectif (75a à 75d) une première et une deuxième chambres de poussée (77a à 77d, 78a à 78d), ledit groupe d'alimentation (200) étant configuré pour alimenter de manière alternative et sélective ladite pluralité de premières chambres de poussée (77a à 77d) et ladite pluralité de deuxièmes chambres de poussée (78a à 78d), et dans lequel une pluralité de groupes d'ajustement de flux sont, en outre, fournis configurés pour ajuster le flux dudit fluide de travail dans ladite pluralité d'actionneurs hydrauliques (71a à 71d), de telle manière à déplacer ladite pluralité d'actionneurs hydrauliques (71a à 71d) de manière synchronisée.
EP18174726.2A 2017-05-31 2018-05-29 Machine d'aiguillage pour un aiguillage ferroviaire et système permettant de déplacer les points d'aiguillage d'un aiguillage ferroviaire équipé d'une telle machine Active EP3409561B1 (fr)

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AT521128B1 (de) 2018-03-29 2021-01-15 Voestalpine Weichensysteme Gmbh Zungenschiene
IT202000002818A1 (it) * 2020-02-12 2021-08-12 Silsud S R L Apparecchiatura e metodo per la movimentazione degli aghi di un deviatoio ferroviario
CN114312909B (zh) * 2022-03-14 2022-05-10 中铁建电气化局集团第三工程有限公司 信号道岔原位换装参数预调施工方法

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US4428552A (en) * 1981-05-04 1984-01-31 Abex Corporation Railroad switch machine
AT407369B (de) * 1998-04-07 2001-02-26 Vae Ag Einrichtung zum umstellen der beweglichen teile von schienenweichen oder -kreuzungen
AT501894B1 (de) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-15 Metall Und Kunststoffwaren Erz Antriebssystem für eine schienenweiche
EP2418135B1 (fr) * 2010-07-22 2013-04-17 ALSTOM Transport SA Méthode et unité de commande hydraulique pour un dispositif d'actionnement hydraulique pour les entraînements des aiguillages ferroviaires
ITFI20120162A1 (it) * 2012-08-07 2014-02-08 Wegh Group S P A "un dispositivo di frizionatura per interrompere il moto di accostamento tra ago e controago in caso di un ostacolo che impedisce la normal manovra"

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