EP3407143A1 - Mechanical linking device - Google Patents

Abstract

Mechanical connection device (100), in particular a mechanical connection device for a timepiece or a mechanical transmission device for a timepiece, comprising:
a first part (1) comprising a first zone having at least a first microcavity, and
a second part (2) comprising a second zone having at least a second microcavity,
the first and second zones being in contact with one another in a mechanical connection configuration.

Description

The invention relates to a mechanical connection device for a timepiece. The invention also relates to a clock mechanism comprising such a connecting device. The invention also relates to a watch movement comprising such a device or such a mechanism. The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a device or such a mechanism or such a movement.

Watch clutches, in particular vertical clutches, in which two components are capable of being frictionally fastened under the effect of a force produced by a return means are known. Such solutions are however not optimal with respect to the torque transmitted by the clutch vis-à-vis the force produced by the biasing means. It is thus difficult to increase the torque transmitted by a clock clutch since the force produced by the return means can not be increased indefinitely, particularly with regard to energy considerations, mechanical stresses, and congestion. Moreover, watch clutches known from the prior art may be subject to risks of kinking or jamming or blocking.

Document is known EP2015145 a vertical friction clutch device for a chronograph, which is shaped to increase the friction between lower and upper moving independently of the size of the clutch spring. The peculiarity of this clutch lies in the fact that the transmission torque between the mobiles results from the adhesion of an O-ring made of a viscoelastic material, which is interposed between the lower and upper mobile device. Such a solution is not optimal because of the properties seal that will evolve over time and may preteriter the torque of the clutch.

Patent application is known EP3051364 a wheel drive transmission system. The movement transmission is here carried out exclusively by the adhesion of the driving and driven wheel peripheral parts. To do this, elastic arms of the driving wheel are prestressed and dimensioned to ensure adequate adhesion of the peripheral parts of each wheel. Such a solution could make it possible to obviate the risks of overturning, in particular in the specific context of a horizontal chronograph clutch device, but without totally excluding the risk of accidental slips, in particular in the event of shocks. Moreover, such a solution requires the use of specific materials with high coefficients of friction and elastic elements to ensure a permanent and sufficient contact pressure between the peripheral parts of each of the wheels.

Watch components whose surface state is modified by means of a laser are, moreover, known from the prior art. The patent application EP3067757 discloses, for example, a micromechanical part comprising locally at least one microstructured area by means of a laser, this microstructured area having a three-dimensional surface formed of microcavities configured to serve as a reservoir for a lubricating substance. The patent application EP3002635 describes, in turn, a method of manufacturing a spring element having the advantage of modifying its elastic and motor properties through a controlled structuring at least partially of its surface.

The object of the invention is to provide a connecting device to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above and to improve the known devices of the prior art. In particular, the invention proposes a mechanical connection device that can be maximized independently of restoring forces acting on elements of the mechanical connection device.

According to the invention, a connecting device is defined by claim 1.

Different embodiments of a connecting device are defined by claims 2 to 9 and 12.

According to the invention, a manufacturing method is defined by claim 10.

An embodiment of a manufacturing method is defined by claim 11.

According to the invention, a clock mechanism is defined by claim 13.

According to the invention, a watch movement is defined by claim 14.

According to the invention, a timepiece is defined by claim 15.

• Les figures 1 à 10 sont des vues d'un premier mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.
• Les figures 11 à 13 sont des vues d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.
• Les figures 14 à 16 sont des vues d'un troisième mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant un troisième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.
• Les figures 17 et 18 sont des vues d'un quatrième mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant un quatrième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.
• Les figures 19 et 20 sont des vues d'un cinquième mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant un cinquième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.
• Les figures 21 et 22 sont des vues d'un sixième mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant un sixième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.
• La figure 23 est une vue d'un septième mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant un septième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.
• Les figures 24 à 27 sont des vues d'une première variante de réalisation d'un huitième mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant une première variante de réalisation d'un huitième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.
• La figure 28 est une vue d'une deuxième variante de réalisation du huitième mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comprenant une deuxième variante de réalisation du huitième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison mécanique.

The appended figures represent, by way of examples, various embodiments of a timepiece according to the invention.

• The Figures 1 to 10 are views of a first embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a first embodiment of a mechanical connection device.
• The Figures 11 to 13 are views of a second embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a second embodiment of a mechanical connection device.
• The Figures 14 to 16 are views of a third embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a third embodiment of a mechanical connection device.
• The Figures 17 and 18 are views of a fourth embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a fourth embodiment of a mechanical connection device.
• The Figures 19 and 20 are views of a fifth embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a fifth embodiment of a mechanical connection device.
• The Figures 21 and 22 are views of a sixth embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a sixth embodiment of a mechanical connection device.
• The figure 23 is a view of a seventh embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a seventh embodiment of a mechanical connection device.
• The Figures 24 to 27 are views of a first variant embodiment of an eighth embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a first variant embodiment of an eighth embodiment of a mechanical connection device.
• The figure 28 is a view of a second embodiment of the eighth embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention comprising a second embodiment of the eighth embodiment of a mechanical connection device.

A first embodiment of a timepiece 130 is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 10 . The timepiece is for example a watch, in particular a wristwatch. The timepiece comprises a watch movement 120. The movement is for example a mechanical movement. The movement comprises a watch mechanism 110, such as a chronograph mechanism or a chronograph module or a correction mechanism.

The watch mechanism 110 comprises a mechanical connection device 100.

The mechanical connection device 100 is for example a mechanical connection device for a timepiece or a mechanical transmission device for a timepiece.

• une première pièce 1 comprenant une première zone Z1 présentant au moins une première microcavité C1, et
• une deuxième pièce 2 comprenant une deuxième zone Z2 présentant au moins une deuxième microcavité C2,

les première et deuxième zones étant en contact l'une avec l'autre dans une configuration de liaison mécanique.The mechanical connection device 100 comprises:

• a first part 1 comprising a first zone Z1 having at least a first microcavity C1, and
• a second part 2 comprising a second zone Z2 having at least a second microcavity C2,

the first and second zones being in contact with one another in a mechanical connection configuration.

In the first embodiment, the two parts 1, 2 or components 1, 2 have been microstructured at least at a first zone Z1 and a second zone Z2, respectively. The first piece is mounted movably relative to a movement frame and the second piece is also mounted movably relative to a frame of the movement. The first part 1 is for example leading, while the second part 2 is for example conducted.

In this first embodiment, the first part 1 is pivoted about an axis A1 and the second part 2 is pivoted about an axis A2. Preferably, the axes A1, A2 coincide so as to produce a mechanical connection device 100 which is a mechanical transmission device or a mechanical coupling device, for example integrated within a vertical chronograph clutch device.

Preferably, the first piece is a first disk of axis A1 and the second part is a second disk of axis A2. When the chronograph is switched on, the second piece 2, causes a counting chain of the chronograph. The second piece 2 is then pressed against a pad 1 formed by the first piece which is engaged with the finishing chain of the watch movement.

A return element 3, in particular an elastic return element such as a spring, recalls the first and second parts against each other, in particular the first and second zones against each other.

In this particular construction, the first zone Z1 and the second zone Z2 of the components 1 and 2 are represented in gray on the figure 2 . The first and second areas are likely to come into contact. The first and second zones Z1, Z2 are respectively arranged in a first surface S1 and in a second surface S2. The surface S1 is flat and perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axis A1. The surface S2 is flat and perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axis A2. The first zone Z1 is a plane ring and the second zone Z2 is a plane ring. Preferably, the two planar rings have substantially the same dimensions or the same areas. The first zone Z1 and the second zone Z2 at least partially cover the surfaces S1 and S2, respectively.

The first zone forms a portion of a first surface S1 of the first part, in particular a first cylindrical or frustoconical surface or plane. The second zone forms a portion of a second surface S2 of the second part, in particular a second cylindrical or frustoconical surface or plane

The first zone Z1 and second zone Z2 include, in this example, approximately 180 microcavities C1 and C2 respectively. Preferably, the geometries of the microcavities C1 and the geometries of the microcavities C2 are identical. In this particular construction, the microcavities may be microgrooves or microrainings hollowed out radially, at regular intervals. The depth P1 of the microcavities C1 can be 8 μm. The width L1 of the microcavities C1 may vary from 30 μm to 40 μm along the radial dimension of the first and second zones Z1, Z2. The depth P2 of the microcavities C2 may be 8 μm. The width L2 of the microcavities C2 may vary from 30 μm to 40 μm along the radial dimension of the first and second zones Z1, Z2.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the first microcavities C1 and the second microcavities C2, in particular the flanks F1 of the first microcavities and the flanks F2 of the second microcavities C2, are oriented perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly. the forces E transmitted from the first piece to the second piece at the contact between the first and second pieces, in particular at the Z1, Z2, zones. Thus, in this first embodiment, the microcavities C1 and C2 are microrainings which extend radially relative to the axes A1 and A2, or which are oriented radially relative to the axes A1 and A2.

In this embodiment, when the first and second areas are in contact with each other, i.e. in a mechanical connection configuration, the zones Z1 and Z2 are in contact with each other. another at the level of the flanks of the microcavities of an area, that is to say that the flanks of the microcavities of one zone come into contact with the flanks of the microcavities of the other zone. Optionally, vertices between micro-cavities of one zone may also come into contact with funds from the microcavities of the other zone.

In this embodiment, the flanks F1 of the microcavities C1 form, with the funds 91 of the microcavities C1, an angle α. Likewise, the flanks F2 of the microcavities C2 form, with the bottoms 92 of the microcavities C2, an angle α. Preferably, the angle α may be straight or obtuse. The angle α is defined so as to adequately transmit the forces E between the first piece and the second piece while allowing a clutch parts 1 and 2, namely a contact flanks F1 against the flanks F2.

The microcavities C1, C2 may be symmetrical or not depending on the orientation of the forces E to be transmitted from the workpiece 1 to the workpiece 2.

The bottoms 91 of the microcavities C1 and the bottoms 92 of the microcavities C2 may have the form of regulated surfaces, in particular being planes. Alternatively, they can be reduced to one edge or substantially one fish bone. The vertices 93 between two microcavities C1 and the vertices 94 between two microcavities C2 may have the form of regulated surfaces, in particular being planes. Alternatively, they can be reduced to an edge or substantially an edge.

A regulated surface is a surface by each point of which passes a line, called generator, contained in the surface.

A second embodiment of a timepiece 130 is described below with reference to Figures 11 to 13 . The timepiece comprises a watch movement 120. The movement comprises a watch mechanism 110, such as for example a chronograph mechanism or a chronograph module or a correction mechanism.

The watch mechanism 110 comprises a mechanical connection device 100.

The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the first microcavities C1 and the second microcavities C2 are oriented parallel or substantially parallel to the forces E transmitted from the first piece to the second piece at the contact between the first and second parts. rooms. Thus, in this second embodiment, the microcavities C1 and C2 are microrainings or circular microsillions which extend concentrically to the axes A1 and A2. In this embodiment, the flanks F1 of the microcavities form, with funds 91 microcavities, an angle α strictly obtuse. Likewise, the flanks F2 of the microcavities C2 form, with the bottoms 92 of the microcavities, an angle α strictly obtuse.

In this embodiment, when the first and second areas are in contact with each other, i.e. in a mechanical connection configuration, the zones Z1 and Z2 are in contact with each other. other at the flanks of their microcavities. Preferably, the peaks of the microcavities of one zone do not come into contact with the funds of the microcavities of the other zone.

Because of the angle α formed between the bottoms and the flanks of the microcavities, the axial force exerted by the spring 3 and recalling the zones Z1 and Z2 in contact with one another, is taken up at the flanks by inclined forces relative to the axes A1 and A2, that is to say having a radial component. This radial component is all the greater as the angle α approaches 90 °. The radial component makes it possible to maximize the mechanical transmission torque that can be transmitted from one of the parts 1 to the other of the parts 2.

A third embodiment of a timepiece 130 is described below with reference to the Figures 14 to 16 . The timepiece comprises a watch movement 120. The movement comprises a watch mechanism 110, such as for example a chronograph mechanism or a chronograph module or a correction mechanism.

The watch mechanism 110 comprises a mechanical connection device 100.

The third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in that the surfaces S1 and S2 on which the zones Z1 and Z2 are formed having the microcavities C1 and C2 are not plane surfaces. Indeed, in this third embodiment, the surfaces S1 and S2 are advantageously each one a surface of revolution, in particular a cone of revolution S1, S2. Zones Z1 and Z2 are each a trunk of this surface of revolution, in particular a trunk of this cone of revolution. The surfaces S1 and S2 are advantageously identical.

The figure 14 is a sectional view, in an engaged configuration or mechanical connection configuration, of the third embodiment of a mechanical coupling device of the clutch device type. This clutch device is of the vertical type. This clutch device has the specificity of being of the conical type. Like the clutch device shown on the Figures 1 and 2 , a disc 2 can drive the counting chain of the chronograph and be pressed against a shoe 1, engaged with the finishing chain of the watch movement, under the effect of the pressing force of a spring 3 clutch.

As in the first and second embodiments, the zones Z1 and Z2 may or may not have the same number of microcavities C1, C2. The geometries of the microcavities C1, C2 may be identical or different.

Preferably, in this third embodiment, the first microcavities C1 and the second microcavities C2, in particular the flanks F1 of the first microcavities and the flanks F2 of the second microcavities C2, are oriented perpendicularly or substantially perpendicular to the forces E transmitted from the first piece to the second piece at the contact between the first and second pieces. Thus, in this third embodiment, the microcavities C1 and C2 are microrainings which preferably extend towards the vertices of the surfaces S1 and S2. The surface S1 is preferably an outer surface, that is to say a surface of the first piece forming a convexity. The surface S2 is preferably an inner surface, that is to say a surface of the second piece forming a concavity.

Thus, in this third embodiment, the first zone Z1 is formed on the first outer surface S1 and the second zone Z2 is formed on the second inner surface S2.

A fourth embodiment of a timepiece 130 is described below with reference to Figures 17 and 18 . The timepiece comprises a watch movement 120. The movement comprises a watch mechanism 110, such as for example a chronograph mechanism or a chronograph module or a correction mechanism.

The watch mechanism 110 comprises a mechanical connection device 100.

The fourth embodiment differs from the preceding embodiments in that it is applied to a radial clutch device whose operating principle is such as that described, for example, in the patent application. EP2085832 . More particularly, a driving component 1 is capable of driving a driven component 2 comprising a spring 2r which is integral with a mobile 2m, and which is capable of producing a radial clamping force against a cylindrical surface S1 of component 1. To do this, the spring 2r comprises one or more resilient arms with surfaces S2 may come into contact with the surface S1 of the component 1. In a first embodiment of actuation of the clutch device, the spring 2r can be actuated by a related actuating device so that the driving component 1 can lead the driven component 2 in one or two directions of rotation under the effect of the pressure force of the spring 2r. Alternatively, in a first direction of rotation of the driving component, the resilient arms can flex and the driving component rotates without driving the driven component. In a second direction of rotation of the driving component, there may in particular be buttressing of the elastic arms of the spring 2r at their ends in contact with the driving component and the rotation of the driving component causes that of the driven component.

By led component 2, here we mean the component 2 which includes the mobile 2m and the spring 2r. Component 2 may also be in the form of a one-piece component having a return spring function.

The characters leading and leading components can be reversed.

In this fourth embodiment, the first zone Z1 is preferably a portion of a revolution cylinder S1 of axis of revolution A1 and the second zone or zones Z2 advantageously consist of portions of a regulated surface S2 having parallel generatrices. to the axis A1 of the revolution cylinder S1. The number of zones Z2 preferably corresponds to the number of arms of the spring 2r.

In this fourth embodiment, the first zone Z1 is preferably microstructured internally and the second zone Z2 is preferably microstructured externally. Thus, the two microstructured zones can come into contact during operation of the device.

A fifth embodiment of a timepiece 130 is described below with reference to Figures 19 and 20 . The timepiece comprises a watch movement 120. The movement comprises a watch mechanism 110, such as a watch cylinder.

The watch mechanism 110 comprises a mechanical connection device 100.

The fifth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that it is applied to a mechanical barrel spring linkage to a barrel drum. In particular, the mechanical connection device makes it possible to control the torque of a clock spring, particularly within a barrel of a self-winding watch. The solution is to frictionally couple the barrel spring with the inner wall of the barrel drum. To do this, one or more microstructured zones Z2 are provided in an inner wall S2 of the barrel drum 2 so as to control, and in particular to maximize, as much as possible the sliding torque of the spring relative to the drum. Preferably, the spring, in particular a flange 1 of the spring, is also microstructured so that the microcavities C1 and C2 respectively formed on the spring and the drum cooperate by contact. Alternatively, the microstructures formed on the inner wall of the drum may be formed, at least in part, on the walls S2 of at least one notch formed in the drum as shown in FIG. figure 20 .

In conventional operation of the movement, the spring 1 here serves as the driving component of the barrel drum 2 under the effect of its unwinding. In function of manual or automatic winding of the movement, and beyond a predefined maximum winding torque of the spring 1, the device is provided to separate the spring 1 from the drum 2.

A sixth embodiment of a timepiece 130 is described below with reference to Figures 21 and 22 . The timepiece comprises a watch movement 120. The movement comprises a watch mechanism 110, such as for example a chronograph mechanism or a chronograph module or a correction mechanism.

The watch mechanism 110 comprises a mechanical connection device 100.

The sixth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that it is applied to a horizontal clutch device in which the axes A1 and A2 of the first and second components 1, 2 are parallel or substantially parallel so as to implement a coupling device is for example integrated within a horizontal chronograph clutch device.

In this sixth embodiment, the center distance A1-A2 may vary depending on the configuration, engaged or not, of the clutch device. To do this, the component 1, pivoted along an axis A1, is disposed on a clutch rocker 4 which is movable relative to the frame of the movement along an axis A4. The return spring 3 recalls the rocker to a return position in which the first component 1 is in contact with the second component 2.

Thus, when the chronograph is engaged, the zone Z1 of the peripheral surface S1 of the driving component 1, engaged with the finishing line of a watch movement, in particular with a chronograph driving wheel, is pressed against of the zone Z2 of the peripheral surface S2 of the driven component 2. The components 1 and 2 can thus be likened to wheels devoid of teeth whose friction drive is optimized via the microcavities C1 and C2 zones Z1, Z2, in particular through flanks F1, F2 microcavities C1, C2, provided to cooperate by contact with each other.

Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous in the context of a horizontal chronograph clutch device, which may be subject to the risk of clogging, namely a more or less random movement of the second hand to the engagement of the chronograph, the makes the size and geometry of conventional teeth involved in this type of clutch.

The microstructured surfaces S1 and S2 are here cylindrical. Alternatively, these surfaces may form an angle relative to their respective axis of revolution A1, A2. Advantageously, the components 1 and 2 may comprise elastic arms B1, B2 so as to generate a prestress plating the surfaces S1, S2 against each other, like the device disclosed in the document EP3051364 . Alternatively, this prestressing can be generated by any other return means. Advantageously, the zone Z1 of the surface S1 of the component 1 may also be provided to cooperate with a microstructured zone Z5 of the peripheral surface S5 of the chronograph driving wheel 5.

Preferably, in this sixth embodiment, the first microcavities C1 and the second microcavities C2, in particular the flanks F1 of the first microcavities and the flanks F2 of the second microcavities C2, are oriented perpendicularly or substantially perpendicular to the forces E transmitted from the first piece to the second piece at the contact between the first and second pieces. Thus, in this sixth embodiment, the microcavities C1 and C2 are preferably microrainings which extend preferentially parallel to the axes A1 and A2.

In this sixth embodiment, the first zone Z1 is externally microstructured and the second zone Z2 is microstructured externally. However, one of the first and second zones could alternatively be microstructured internally.

A seventh embodiment of a timepiece 130 is described below with reference to the figure 23 . The timepiece comprises a watch movement 120. The movement comprises a watch mechanism 110, such as a winding mechanism and / or correction to the rod or a correction mechanism.

The watch mechanism 110 comprises a mechanical connection device 100.

The seventh embodiment differs from the sixth embodiment in that the surfaces S1 and S2 on which the zones Z1 and Z2 are formed having the microcavities C1 and C2 are not cylinders. Indeed, in this seventh embodiment, the surfaces S1 and S2 are cones or cone portions of revolution S1, S2. Zones Z1 and Z2 are each arranged on a trunk of these cones. The two cones (of surfaces S1, S2) can have the same vertex. The axes A1, A2 of the first and second components are concurrent, in particular perpendicular, so as to implement a coupling device, for example integrated within a clutch device to the winding stem.

In this embodiment, the component 1 can move axially along the axis A1 according to the configuration, engaged or not, of the clutch device. To do this, the component 1 may, for example, take the form of a winding pinion 1 integral with a winding stem 6 which can be positioned axially by means of a conventional rod mechanism. The led component 2 can take the form of a winding crown 2.

When the clutch is activated, the zone Z1 of the peripheral surface S1 of the driving component 1, in engagement with the rod 6, is pressed against the zone Z2 of the peripheral surface S2 of the driven component 2 whose axis rotation A2 is fixed relative to the frame of the movement. The components 1 and 2 can thus be assimilated to wheels devoid of teeth, the friction drive of which is optimized via the microcavities C1 and C2 of the zones Z1, Z2, in particular via the flanks F1, F2 of the microcavities C1. , C2 provided for cooperating with each other.

Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous in the context of a conventional mechanism of winding and / or correction to the rod, which may be subject to the risk of jamming. This risk results in a scratching sensation when activating the functions, or even an axial locking of the rod when the winding or adjustment chains are under tension. This risk is inherent in the size and geometry of the conventional teeth involved in this type of clutch.

The microstructured surfaces S1 and S2 are here preferably frustoconical. The generatrices of the surfaces S1 and S2 can form the same angle. Preferably, the generatrices of the surfaces S1 and S2 form an angle of 45 ° with respect to the axes A1 and A2. Alternatively, these surfaces can of course be cylindrical.

Preferably, in this seventh embodiment, the first microcavities C1 and the second microcavities C2, in particular flanks F1 of the first microcavities and flanks F2 of the second microcavities C2, are oriented perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly to the forces E transmitted from the first piece to the second piece at the contact between the first and second pieces. Thus, in this seventh embodiment, the microcavities C1 and C2 are preferentially microrainings which preferably extend respectively along the generatrices of the cones S1, S2.

In this seventh embodiment, the first zone Z1 is externally microstructured and the second zone Z2 is microstructured externally.

An eighth embodiment of a timepiece 130 is described below with reference to the Figures 24 to 28 . The timepiece comprises a watch movement 120. The movement comprises a watch mechanism 110, such as a correction mechanism.

The watch mechanism 110 comprises a mechanical connection device 100.

The eighth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that the first part 1 is a movably mounted part relative to the frame, in particular is a first mobile or a first wheel, and in that the second part 2 is a fixed mounted part relative to the building, in particular is a draft of frame. We realize and a notching device between the first part 1 and the second part 2.

The first part 1 is for example a driving part provided to cooperate with a mobile 2 'led and to cooperate also with the second part 2. The mobile 2' is for example a disk having date indications. The first piece 1 and the second piece 2 are microstructured.

Preferably, the axis A1 of the first part and the axis A2 'of the mobile 2' are parallel or substantially parallel so as to implement a unidirectional coupling device used, for example, within a mechanism of rapid correction of at least one calendar indication, for example an indication of the dates. The center distance A1-A2 'may vary depending on the configuration of the correction mechanism (mechanical connection configuration or configuration without mechanical connection).

This mechanism comprises an intermediate correction wheel 7 which is engaged with the first part 1 of a mobile M1 able to move between two positions. To do this, the first piece 1 is disposed within an oblong cutout 11 'formed in the second piece which is preferably a blank 2, in particular a bridge 2 correction. Thus, the first piece 1 is likely to pass from a first non-correction position represented on the figure 24 at a second correction position of the disk 2 'of the dates represented on the figure 25 according to the direction of rotation of a not shown winding rod and adapted to drive the intermediate wheel 7.

Thus, in this embodiment, the first part 1 and the bridge 2 are microstructured so as to control, in particular to maximize, the torque pivoting of the first piece relative to the bridge, and thus ensure the displacement of the first piece 1 along the curved oblong cut under the effect of the reversal of the direction of rotation of the winding stem.

More particularly, the mobile M1 advantageously comprises a date correction star 11, a date correction wheel 12 and the first piece comprising a plug 1 or consists of a plug 1. The star 11 is intended to cause a conventional toothing 2 'disk, the wheel 12 is engaged with the intermediate wheel 7, while the plug 1 is provided to be housed within the oblong cut 11' of the bridge 2 correction and corresponds to the first piece 1.

According to a first preferred embodiment, the first microstructured zone Z1 is formed on the periphery of the plug 1 as shown in FIGS. figures 26 and 27 and the second microstructured zone Z2 is formed on the flanks of the cut 11 'of the bridge as shown in FIGS. figures 26 and 27 . Thus, the surface S1 is a cylinder of revolution and the surface S2 is a cylinder whose generating curve is on the flanks of the cut 11 'of the bridge. The microcavities C1, C2, in particular the flanks F1, F2 of the microcavities, are provided to cooperate with each other.

Preferably, in this first variant of the eighth embodiment, the first microcavities C1 and the second microcavities C2, in particular the flanks F1 of the first microcavities and the flanks F2 of the second microcavities C2, are oriented perpendicularly or substantially perpendicular to the direction of the movement of the first piece 1 relative to the second piece at the surfaces on which the microcavities are made. So, in this eighth embodiment, the microcavities C1 and C2 are microrainings which preferably extend parallel to the axis A1.

In this first variant of the eighth embodiment, the first zone Z1 is externally microstructured and the second zone Z2 is microstructured internally.

According to a second variant of embodiment represented on the figure 28 , the microstructured zones Z1, Z2 are formed on a plane surface S1 constituting at least a part of a plate of the first part 12 and on a surface S2 constituting at least a part of a face of the bridge 2. Thus, in this second variant, the first piece comprises the wheel 12 or consists of the wheel 12. The microcavities C1 and C2 can here be formed by a laser strafing to increase the roughness of zones Z1 and Z2 of the surfaces S1 and S2 and thus control , in particular substantially increasing, the pivoting torque of the first part 1 relative to the bridge 2.

• traiter, notamment texturer ou structurer, la première pièce 1 à l'aide d'un laser, notamment un laser femtoseconde, pour obtenir les premières microcavités C1, et
• traiter, notamment texturer ou structurer, la deuxième pièce 2 à l'aide d'un laser, notamment un laser femtoseconde, pour obtenir les deuxièmes microcavités C2.

An embodiment of a device 100 or a mechanism 110 or a movement 120 or a timepiece 130 as described above comprises the following steps:

• treating, in particular texturing or structuring, the first piece 1 using a laser, in particular a femtosecond laser, to obtain the first microcavities C1, and
• treating, in particular texturing or structuring, the second piece 2 using a laser, in particular a femtosecond laser, to obtain the second micro-cavities C2.

The method may comprise a preliminary step of coating a first zone of the first surface S1 of the first part of a friction reducing layer, in particular a carbon-based layer, in particular graphene-based, and / or a prior step of coating a second zone of the second surface S2 of the second part of a friction reducing layer, in particular based on carbon, in particular based on graphene. Advantageously, the coating is thinner than the depth of the machining of microcavities that are performed later. Thus, the laser structuring then makes it possible to eliminate the coating of the microcavities C1, C2, in particular flanks F1, F2 of the microcavities, by machining them through the coating. Such an embodiment makes it possible to take advantage of the tribological properties and the hardness of the coating in order to favor the cooperation of the microcavities during the activation of the coupling device, and to reduce the wear of the microcavities. Alternatively, the zones Z1, Z2 can be completely coated. In both configurations, the coating may, for example, be a solid carbon-based friction reducing coating, particularly based on graphene. In particular, the coating could be a DLC coating (Diamond Like Carbon) whose coefficient of friction is known to be very low in contact with the materials of the movement, for example less than 0.1, and whose hardness is very high, for example able to up to about 90 GPa. Alternatively, the coating may consist of nanocrystalline diamond or may incorporate carbon nanotubes.

Preferentially, the microstructured zones Z1, Z2 are obtained by the treatment steps mentioned above. These processing steps make it possible to form networks of microcavities C1, C2 produced by means of a laser, preferably by means of a laser whose duration of the pulses is of the order of the femtosecond. Pulse duration can range from femtosecond to picosecond. The laser is set in motion so that it sweeps, at least partially, the surfaces S1, S2 of the components 1 and 2, in particular that it scans the zones Z1 and Z2 of the components 1 and 2. Alternatively, the parts can be set in motion relative to the laser. One can also imagine a combination of laser movements and parts 1 and 2, synchronized or not.

In all the embodiments, the microstructured zones Z1 and Z2 comprise microcavities C1, C2.

In all the embodiments, the microcavities C1 are advantageously microrainings and / or the microcavities C2 are advantageously microrainures. The microrainings may advantageously extend linearly, that is to say along straight lines D1 as shown in FIG. figure 9 . Alternatively, the microrainures can extend along curves on the surfaces where they are made.

In all the embodiments, advantageously, the first microcavities have a depth less than 100 μm or less than 50 μm or less than 25 μm and / or the second microcavities have a depth of less than 100 μm or less than 50 μm or less than 25 μm. More preferably, the first and second microcavities have the same depth or substantially the same depth.

In all the embodiments, advantageously, the first microcavities have a width L1 of less than 200 μm or less than 150 μm or less than 100 μm and / or the second microcavities have a width of less than 200 μm or less than 150 μm. or less than 100 μm. More preferably, the first and second microcavities have the same width or substantially the same width.

In embodiments where the flanks of the microcavities bear on each other, the width of the microcavity bottoms may be substantially equal to the width of the conformations separating two contiguous or adjacent microcavities.

In the first, second and third embodiments, advantageously, the zones Z1 and Z2 comprise the same number of microcavities C1, C2. Alternatively, the zones Z1 and Z2 may comprise a different number of microcavities C1, C2.

In all the embodiments, advantageously, the microcavities C1 have a crenellated shape, especially with a depth P1 and a width L1.

In all the embodiments, advantageously, the microcavities C2 have the form of crenellations, in particular with a depth P2 and a width L2.

In all the embodiments, advantageously, the microcavities C1, C2 have the same geometry. In particular, the depths P1 and P2 are equal or substantially equal and the widths L1 and L2 are equal or substantially equal.

In all the embodiments, advantageously, the microcavities have flanks forming an angle α of between 90 ° and 160 ° from the bottoms of the first microcavities and / or the second microcavities have flanks forming an angle α of between 90 °. and 160 ° from the bottoms of the second microcavities.

Of course, the geometry, in particular the depth P1 and / or the width L1 and / or the angle α of the microcavities C1 and / or C2 may vary over all the zones Z1, Z2, in particular vary along certain or each of the microcavities. The slots formed by the microcavities and represented on the figure 9 are symmetrical. Of course, they could be asymmetrical so as to favor a direction of mechanical connection of the components 1 and 2. In such a case, the transmissible force from the first piece to the second piece can be different in a first direction of training. the first piece and in a second driving direction of the first piece, the second direction being opposite the first direction.

In the various embodiments, the microcavities C1, C2 are preferably provided for cooperating dry.

In the different embodiments, preferably, in the first zone Z1, two contiguous first microcavities are separated by a first interspecific conformation that can form a vertex 93 and / or, in the second zone Z2, two contiguous second microcavities are separated by a second intermediate conformation that can form a peak 94.

In the various embodiments, preferably, the width of intermediate conformations separating two contiguous or adjacent microcavities is less than 150 microns, or even less than 100 microns, or even less than 50 microns. For example, the intermediate conformations may be reduced to an edge or substantially an edge.

In the various embodiments, preferably, the microcavities can also be of "submicron" dimensions, in particular "nanometric" dimensions. Thus, the term "microcavity" is indifferently used for both sub-micron structures and micron-sized structures, as well as for structures larger than one micron. The same goes for the term "microrainure".

Practical tests have been carried out in order to highlight the gains provided by a solution according to the first embodiment. The figure 10 illustrates a graph comparing the holding torque CA of a clutch known from the prior art, such as that illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 but which would not present the microcavities, and the clutch holding torque CB such as that illustrated on the Figures 1 and 2 with surfaces S1 and S2 having zones Z1 and Z2 provided with microcavities C1, C2 such as those represented more particularly on the Figures 3 to 9 . By "holding torque", we mean the minimum torque necessary to rotate the first part of an angle β relative to the second part 2 in the engaged configuration of the clutch device (or mechanical connection configuration).

The figure 10 indicates a gain of the order of a factor of 4 between the average torque CA according to the angle β and the average of the peaks of the torque signal CB according to the angle β. Thus, for the same clutch spring 3, the transmission torque of the clutch is increased by a factor of 4.

Torque measurements have also been made on clutches whose second part 2 comprises only two microcavities C2 equi-distributed around the axis A2 and whose geometries are identical to those of the 180 microcavities C1 of the first part 1. It can be seen that that the torque signal CB is similar to that illustrated by the figure 10 . Thus, it is also noted that for the same clutch spring 3, the transmission torque of the clutch is increased by a factor of 4 relative to a clutch known from the prior art.

In the various embodiments, the microcavities C1 and C2 cooperate with each other. In particular, they cooperate by obstacle, particularly by obstacle at their flanks.

Microcavities do not form gear teeth. Microcavities can not be assimilated to gear teeth, especially because of their geometry. In the first five embodiments, the contact of the flanks F1, F2 of microcavities C1, C2 is permanent when the connection device is activated. For example, when the connection device is activated, a large number, in particular a number greater than 3, or even greater than 5, or even greater than 10, or all the microcavities of one of the first and second parts are in contact, in particular in permanent contact with the microcavities of the other room.

Preferably, the devices of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth embodiments are connecting devices. Advantageously, the first and second parts are moved as a single piece (except sliding) when the device is activated, that is to say that the first and second parts remain fixed relative to each other ( except slip).

In the sixth, seventh and eighth embodiments, flanks F1 are brought into contact consecutively with sidewalls F2 which are adjacent when the device is activated, which promotes the adhesion of surfaces S1, S2, especially zones Z1, Z2.

In the sixth, seventh and eighth embodiments, when the connection device is activated, a limited number, in particular a number less than 10, or even less than 5, or even less than 3, of microcavities of one of the first and second parts are in contact, in particular in sequential contact with the microcavities of the other room.

Preferably, the connecting devices of the sixth and seventh embodiments are transmission devices. Advantageously, the first and second parts are moved in dependence of one another. Preferably, the two pieces roll over each other, in particular without sliding with respect to one another. Preferably, a biasing member recalls the first zone and second zone in contact with each other. More preferably, no stop is provided to limit the approximation of the first and second parts of one another. In particular, in the sixth embodiment, preferably, no stop is provided to maintain a minimum distance between the first and second parts.

Preferably, the device of the eighth embodiment is a particular link device. It allows friction between the first and second parts.

Preferably, in all embodiments, when the force of the first piece applied to the second piece is too great, the first piece moves independently of the second piece, i.e. sliding between the parts without however that one or the other of the first and second parts is deteriorated. In this situation, two flanks of microcavities cease to cooperate with each other and the pieces slide relative to each other until at least one of the flanks of the first piece cooperates again by contact, in particular by obstacle, with at least one of the flanks of the second piece.

In the various embodiments, the microcavities are used in cooperation with one another or to provide a mechanical connection of the mechanical drive type of a part by another (this is the case of the first seven embodiments), or to achieve a friction type mechanical connection or notching from one part to another (this is the case eighth embodiment).

• dans une première configuration de liaison mécanique dans laquelle les première et deuxième zones sont en contact l'une avec l'autre, en particulier rappelées par un effort de rappel l'une contre l'autre, et
• dans une deuxième configuration de rupture de liaison dans laquelle les première et deuxième zones sont maintenues à distance l'une contre l'autre.

In some embodiments, the mechanical connecting device can be selectively placed:

• in a first mechanical connection configuration in which the first and second zones are in contact with each other, in particular recalled by a return force against each other, and
• in a second link-breaking configuration in which the first and second zones are kept at a distance from each other.

In the case of a clutch, the first configuration is an engaged configuration and the second configuration is a disengaged configuration.

In other embodiments, the mechanical connecting device can be permanently maintained (except disassembly or maintenance operation) in a mechanical connection configuration in which the first and second areas are in contact with each other.

Preferably, the formation of microcavities on areas of the parts can make it possible to achieve decorative effects on these areas and / or optical effects on these areas, especially moire effects. These effects are advantageously used, in particular to customize the aspects of the parts.

The realization of microcavities makes it possible to produce zones whose roughness or surface conditions are controlled. These surface states or roughnesses are advantageously used to optimize, control or maximize frictional forces between different parts.

Claims (15)

Mechanical connection device (100), in particular a mechanical connection device for a timepiece or a mechanical transmission device for a timepiece, comprising: a first part (1) comprising a first zone (Z1) having at least a first microcavity (C1), and a second part (2) comprising a second zone (Z2) having at least a second microcavity (C2), the first and second zones being in contact with one another in a mechanical connection configuration. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first microcavities are microrainures and / or in that the second microcavities are microrainures. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first microcavities have a depth less than 100 μm or less than 50 μm or less than 25 μm and / or that the second microcavities have a depth of less than 100 μm or less than 50 μm or less than 25 μm and / or in that the first and second microcavities have the same depth or substantially the same depth and / or that the first microcavities have a width of less than 200 μm or less than 150 μm or less than 100 μm and / or in that the second microcavities have a width less than 200 μm or less than 150 μm or less than 100 μm and / or that the first and second microcavities have the same width or substantially the same width. width. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first microcavities have flanks forming an angle (α) of between 90 ° and 160 ° from the bottoms of the first microcavities and / or in that the second microcavities have flanks forming an angle (α) between 90 ° and 160 ° from the bottoms of the second microcavities. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first microcavities and the second microcavities, in particular the flanks of the first microcavities and the second microcavities, are oriented perpendicularly or substantially perpendicular to the forces transmitted from the first piece to the second piece at the contact between the first and second parts or in that the first microcavities and the second microcavities are oriented parallel or substantially parallel to the forces transmitted from the first part to the second part at the contact between the first and second parts. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first part is a movably mounted part relative to a frame, in particular a first mobile or a first wheel, and / or in that the second part is a relatively movable mounted part. to the frame, including a second mobile or a second wheel or a spring or is a fixed mounted part relative to the frame, including a frame blank. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first zone forms a portion of a first surface (S1) of the first part, in particular a first cylindrical or frustoconical surface or plane and / or in that the second zone forms a portion of a second surface (S2) of the second part, in particular a second cylindrical or frustoconical or plane surface. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first surface portion is microstructured internally or externally and / or in that the second surface portion is microstructured internally or externally. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a return element, in particular an elastic return element, of the first zone in contact with the second zone. A method of manufacturing a device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - Treat, including texture or structure, the first piece using a laser, including a femtosecond laser, to obtain the first microcavities, and - Treat, including texture or structure, the second piece using a laser, including a femtosecond laser, to obtain the second microcavities. Manufacturing method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a preliminary step of coating the first zone of a friction reducing layer, in particular based on carbon, in particular based on graphene, and / or a step preliminary coating of the second zone of a friction reducing layer, especially based on carbon or graphene, in particular based on graphene. Device (100) obtained by carrying out the method according to claim 10 or 11. Watch mechanism (110), in particular a chronograph clutch, in particular a horizontal or vertical clutch or a radial chronograph clutch, a rod correction mechanism, a date correction mechanism, a barrel, comprising a mechanical connection device according to one of the claims 1 at 9 and 12. Clock movement (120) comprising a mechanical connecting device according to one of claims 1 to 9 and 12 or a mechanism according to claim 13. Timepiece (130), especially a wristwatch, comprising a movement according to the preceding claim or a mechanism according to claim 13 or a mechanical connection device according to one of claims 1 to 9 and 12.

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