EP3403763B1 - Grinding machine for grinding a surface of an object - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a grinding machine for grinding a surface of an object, the grinding machine having a plurality of grinding brushes which are rotatably mounted about a brush rotation axis, at least one brush holder on which at least one of the grinding brushes is mounted and which is rotatably mounted about a support rotation axis, and a conveying direction for conveying the object at a feed rate through the grinding machine. Such a grinding machine is, for example, from DE 10 2007 022 194 B4 known. Such grinding machines are used for grinding the surfaces of objects, and the desired grinding result can be selected very differently. If, for example, the workpiece to be processed is to be further processed after sanding, for example painted, it is advantageous to achieve a sanding pattern that is as uniform as possible so that no sanding marks, grooves, grooves or other depressions remain on the surface. If, on the other hand, the surface to be sanded is not to be processed further, for example, it may well be desirable to leave special types of sanding marks on the surface in order to achieve a decorative effect. For example, it is from the DE 10 2011 116 842 A1 It is known to use a grinding machine which is designed with a cross grinding belt in such a way that the grinding direction is not necessarily perpendicular to the feed direction, but rather the angle enclosed between the two directions is adjustable. In addition, active areas of the sanding belt can alternate with passive areas of the sanding belt.

In the case of grinding machines from the prior art, the distance between the individual grinding brushes on the one hand and the conveyor device on the other hand can generally be adjusted. This allows you to react to workpieces of different thickness and a contact pressure or grinding pressure of the individual grinding brushes on the surface to be ground can also be set. Grinding machines are known from the prior art in which this setting is automatically sensor-controlled. If the same grinding effect is to be achieved for every workpiece to be ground, this can be achieved with the grinding machines known from the prior art. A changeover, for example, from a sanding result that is as uniform as possible to a specific sanding pattern is not possible or only possible with great effort. From the DE 11 2014 000427 T5 , which forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1, a polishing machine is known in which various polishing parameters such as a speed of rotation of the polishing brushes, a polishing duration or a speed of rotation of the polishing brushes can be set by entering the corresponding values in a controller.

The invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a grinding machine in such a way that as many different grinding results as possible can be achieved and the corresponding settings can be made as easily as possible.

The invention solves the problem posed by a grinding machine according to claim 1. Further developments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

In comparison to grinding machines from the prior art, further parameters can consequently be set in a grinding machine according to the invention. This applies in particular if several of the parameters mentioned in the claim can be set. The brush rotation speed as well as the carrier rotation speed and the feed speed have their own influence on the expected grinding result. Since the setting of all these parameters is a multi-dimensional parameter space, the individual grinding results are difficult or impossible to predict, even for experienced technicians. This applies in particular when, for example, the speed of rotation of the brush and the speed of rotation of the carrier can be set independently of one another. This in combination with an adjustable feed speed offers a multitude of different movement patterns of the individual brushes relative to the surface to be sanded. The machine therefore also has an output device at which an expected grinding result, which of course depends on the brush rotation speed, the carrier rotation speed and the feed speed, can be output.

The output device is preferably a display device, for example a display, particularly preferably an LCD or LED display, on which the expected grinding result is shown. This can take place in a black and white representation or particularly preferably in a color representation, with the color preferably being able to encode a grinding depth or an applied grinding pressure. The representation can be two-dimensional or three-dimensional.

The operator of the grinding machine can consequently see what the expected grinding result looks like after setting the respective parameters on the output device. If necessary, further parameters, for example the contact pressure of the brushes, different brush rotation speeds for different brushes, different carrier rotation speeds for different carriers, the surface properties of the surface to be sanded and other parameters can be entered and included in the expected sanding result which is output via the output device.

In a preferred embodiment, the grinding machine has an electrical control, in particular a microprocessor, which is set up to calculate the expected grinding result using the set parameters. In this case, an algorithm that has been stored in an electronic data memory is executed on the electronic data processing device, that is to say the electrical control. The set parameters are incorporated into the algorithm and processed further in it. For example, a movement pattern of the individual brushes relative to the grinding surface is determined. In addition, a surface quality, in particular a surface material, can be used grinding surface can be included in the execution of the algorithm, so that, for example, a grinding depth or different grinding pressure is included in the calculation and included in the expected grinding result shown.

The grinding machine advantageously has several brush holders for which different carrier rotation speeds can be set using the input device. In addition or as an alternative to this, the grinding machine has several grinding brushes for which different brush rotation speeds can be set using the input device. For some embodiments it is quite sufficient to provide identical carrier rotation speeds for some of the brush holders and / or identical rotation speeds which can be set for some of the grinding brushes. In this case, the different brush holders and / or the different brushes can optionally only be adjustable together to a respective rotational speed.

The brush holders can preferably be rotated in the same direction. Until means that they can all be rotated in the same direction, i.e. with the same direction of rotation, for example clockwise.

The brush holders are advantageously arranged offset in the feed direction. It is thereby achieved that the spheres of action of the individual brush holders and the grinding brushes located on them can certainly overlap along a direction transverse to the feed direction. This prevents that there are areas of the surface to be sanded that cannot be worked on by a sanding brush or that can be worked too hard. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the distance between the individual brush holders can also be set in the feed direction and / or transversely to the feed direction. This can also influence the grinding result and thus increase the versatility of the grinding results to be achieved.

The brush holders are preferably arranged in such a way that the effective circles of the grinding brushes overlap. An effective circle of a brush is understood to mean, in particular, the area that is swept over by a grinding brush when the brush holder on which the grinding brush is located makes one revolution. The The effective circle of a brush holder is the sum of the effective circles of the grinding brushes that are arranged on the respective brush holder.

Circles of action can directly overlap. This happens when there are points that are swept over by two different abrasive brushes, even if the surface is not moved, but only the brush holders are moved. Circles of action can also indirectly overlap. Points on the surface to be sanded are only swept over by several sanding brushes, which are arranged on different brush holders, when the workpiece or object is moved along the feed direction. This type of overlap can be achieved particularly easily if brush holders are arranged offset in the feed direction.

At least one brush holder is advantageously mounted eccentrically. This means that the carrier axis of rotation does not pass through the center of the brush carrier. As a result, the different grinding brushes that are located on this brush holder have a different distance from the axis of rotation of the carrier and thus move on circular paths when the brush holder rotates, but these may be of different sizes for the different grinding brushes.

In a preferred embodiment, the degree of eccentricity can be adjusted by the input device. The degree of eccentricity is, for example, a measure of the distance between the axis of rotation of the carrier and the center of the brush carrier. Here, too, it can be advantageous to configure different degrees of eccentricity to be adjustable for different brush holders.

In a preferred embodiment, the input device has an interface to a data connection, in particular a Bluetooth interface, a USB interface, an Internet application or a wireless interface, for example a radio or WLAN interface. In this way, preset parameter sets can be transmitted, for example, from a customer and made available to the grinding machine or the electrical data processing device become. In addition, the expected grinding result can also be sent via the output device to another location, for example a customer, via the same data connection. It is therefore not necessary to be at the location of the grinding machine in order to operate or monitor it.

The input device preferably has an operating element by means of which the parameters can be set manually. This can be, for example, a keyboard or a keyboard shown on a display. Of course, it is also possible to configure, for example, an external data processing device, for example a computer, a laptop, a smartphone or a tablet, as a corresponding control element. In this case it is advantageous to install appropriate software on the data processing device. In the case of a smartphone or tablet, for example, this can be an app that can be downloaded from the Internet, for example, and enables the grinding machine to be operated or at least the individual parameters to be set.

The grinding machine preferably has an electronic data memory in which set parameters can be stored. It is sufficient if the grinding machine has access to a corresponding electronic data memory. In the context of the present invention, the electronic data memory does not have to be part of the grinding machine itself. The set parameter sets can be stored in such a data memory and used again at a later point in time.

The grinding machine preferably has a detection device by means of which an achieved grinding result can be detected. This detection device is, for example, a camera and is preferably aimed at the ground surface. It is consequently arranged in the feed direction behind the actual grinding mechanism, that is to say the grinding brushes and brush holders. The detection device is preferably connected to an electronic data processing device. The recorded data, for example recorded images, are transmitted to the data processing device and further processed therein. The data processing device is set up, for example, the data of the grinding result achieved to compare with the expected grinding result. If a discrepancy found is greater than a predetermined tolerance value, the electronic data processing device can change at least one parameter, for example the brush rotation speed, the carrier rotation speed, a contact pressure and / or the feed speed and thus iteratively adapt the grinding result achieved to the expected grinding result. The result of the comparison can therefore be used as a control parameter or regulating parameter.

• Figur 1 - die schematische dreidimensionale Ansicht eines Teils einer Schleifmaschine gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,
• Figur 2 - die schematische Darstellung von Bürstenträgern und Schleifbürsten,
• Figur 3 - die schematische Darstellungen von Wirkungskreisen,
• Figur 4 - die schematische Darstellung eines Antriebs für eine Schleifmaschine,
• Figur 5 - die schematische Darstellung von Wirkkreisen gemäß einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,
• Figur 6 - eine weitere Ansicht von Wirkkreisen gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung und
• Figur 7 - die schematische Darstellung von zwei unterschiedlichen Steuermodi.

With the help of the accompanying drawings, some exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below. It shows:

• Figure 1 - the schematic three-dimensional view of part of a grinding machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
• Figure 2 - the schematic representation of brush holders and grinding brushes,
• Figure 3 - the schematic representations of spheres of activity,
• Figure 4 - the schematic representation of a drive for a grinding machine,
• Figure 5 - the schematic representation of active circuits according to another embodiment of the present invention,
• Figure 6 - Another view of active circles according to a further embodiment of the present invention and
• Figure 7 - the schematic representation of two different control modes.

Figure 1 shows schematically part of a grinding machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It has a plurality of grinding brushes 2, three of which are attached to each other in the exemplary embodiment shown Brush holder 4 are arranged. Each of the brush holders 4 is mounted rotatably about a carrier axis of rotation 6. For this purpose, there is a carrier drive 8, for example in the form of an electric motor, by means of which the carrier rotation axes 6 and thus the brush carriers 4 can be set in rotation via a first transmission belt 10. Deflection rollers 12 ensure that the carrier gears 14 surrounding the respective carrier rotation axes 6 are surrounded by the first transmission belt 10 with sufficient tension.

The grinder according to Figure 1 also has a brush drive 16, which can also be in the form of an electric motor. Through it, the individual brushes 2 are driven via a second transmission belt 18, not shown. For this purpose, in the exemplary embodiment shown, each brush holder 4 has a third transmission belt 20, by means of which the movement transmitted via the second transmission belt 18 is transmitted to the individual brushes 2 of a brush holder 4 in each case.

Figure 1 also shows an output device 17, which is, for example, a monitor. An input device is preferably also included, for example in the form of a keyboard, so that the desired values for the parameters to be set can be input. The output device 17 is coupled to a schematically illustrated electronic data processing device 19 which is connected to the brush drive 16 and the carrier drive 8.

Figure 2 shows the schematic representation of a similar embodiment of the grinding machine. We can be recognized in Figure 1 four brush holders 4, on each of which three grinding brushes 2 are arranged. In the present case, the individual grinding brushes 2 are designed as cup brushes, so that the bristles 22 of the individual grinding breasts 2 are only located in their edge area. Of course, plate brushes or other brush shapes are also conceivable.

The carrier rotation axes 6 can also be seen. They are each surrounded by a first brush gear 24 in which they can rotate freely. The first brush gears 24 are connected to one another via the second transmission belt 18.

A drive gear 26 is one of the in Figure 2 Brush drive 16, not shown, transmitted torque applied to the second transmission belt 18 and thus to the first brush gears 24. These are coupled to a second brush gear 28 which meshes with the third transmission belt 20 and transfers the movement to the actual grinding brushes 20. Since the grinding brushes 2 are driven by the brush drive 16 and the brush carriers 4 are driven by the carrier drive 8, the respective rotational speed can be set independently of one another. In the exemplary embodiment shown, however, it is not possible to set different carrier rotation speeds for different brush carriers 4 or different brush rotation speeds for different grinding brushes 2.

The four brush holders 4 in Figure 1 and 2 are arranged in a transverse direction. The direction of advance runs perpendicular to this, ie from bottom to top or from top to bottom in the exemplary embodiments shown. One recognizes in Figure 2 that the individual brush holders 4 are arranged offset in this feed direction, which is indicated by the arrow 30.

The individual working circles of the brushes are in Figure 3 shown. The brush holder 4, on each of which there are three grinding brushes 2, can be seen schematically. They are beyond the scope of the brush holder 4. If the brush holders 4 are now moved along the brush rotation direction shown by the arrow 32, the grinding brushes 2 are also rotated and the outermost edge of the grinding brushes 2 describes the active circle 34 shown in the dash-dotted line emotional.

Since the individual brush holders 4 are offset in the feed direction, which is again shown by the arrow 30, there is no point on a surface of a workpiece that is not processed by a grinding brush 2, although the individual active circles 34 do not overlap .

Figure 4 shows schematically the structure of the different drives. Two grinding brushes 2 can be seen, which are arranged on a brush holder 4. This one will Driven by a drive shaft 38, at the upper end of which there is the carrier gear 14 which is in engagement with the first transmission belt 10. You can also see one of the already in Figure 1 deflection pulleys 12 shown.

The first brush gear 24, which meshes with the second transmission belt 18, is arranged around the drive shaft 38. It extends in Figure 2 downwards and is connected to the second brush gear 28, which meshes with the third transmission belt 20 and transmits the movement to the actual grinding brushes 2.

Figure 5 shows one of the Figure 3 similar representation. One recognizes three brush holders 4, on each of which three grinding brushes 2 are arranged. These also protrude beyond the outer circumference of the brush holder 4 and are rotated along the brush rotation direction shown by the arrow 36. Unlike in the in Figure 3 However, the individual brush holders 4 shown are arranged eccentrically about the carrier rotation axis 6. The individual brush carriers are rotated about this carrier rotation axis 6 in the direction shown by the arrow 32. As a result, each of the grinding brushes 2 describes a circular path around the carrier rotation axis 6, but the individual distances between the grinding brushes from the carrier rotation axis 6 are of different sizes, so that different effective circles 34 result for different grinding brushes 2. Due to the eccentricity of the suspension of the brush holders 4 around the carrier rotation axis 6, the individual active circles overlap without collisions between the individual brush holders 4 or the grinding brushes 2. Hence it is in the in Figure 5 The embodiment shown is not necessary to arrange the brush holders 4 offset along the feed direction.

Figure 6 shows a further embodiment of the different arrangements. One recognizes three brush holders 4, on each of which three grinding brushes 2 are arranged, which are rotated about the brush rotation direction shown by the arrow 36. The individual brush holders 4 are not arranged offset to one another, but are positioned on a common carrier beam 40. This is arranged at each of its two ends on a rotating disk 42, the attachment 44 being eccentric. If the rotating disks 42 along the direction of rotation 46 in If the movement is offset, there is a pivoting or wobbling movement of the carrier beam 40. In a preferred embodiment, the rotational speed at which the rotating disks 42 rotate can also be adjusted.

Figure 7 shows that in principle two different rotation modes can be selected. In the example below the Figure 7 rotate the two rotating disks 42, which are shown in Figure 7 are only shown schematically, in the same direction. In this way, an additional rotational movement is superimposed on the movement of the brush holders 4, not shown, and the grinding brushes 2, since the carrier beam 40 is moved without changing its orientation. In the upper part of the Figure 7 however, the two rotating disks 42 rotate in different directions of rotation. This results in a wobbling movement of the carrier bar 40, which is superimposed on the movement of the grinding brushes 2 and the brush carrier 4. The direction of rotation of at least one of the two rotating disks can consequently also advantageously be adjusted in order to be able to achieve further grinding patterns.

List of reference symbols

2

Sanding brush

4th

Brush holder

6th

Carrier rotation axis

8th

Carrier drive

10

first transmission belt

12th

Pulley

14th

Carrier gear

16

Brush drive

17th

Output device

18th

second transmission belt

19th

Data processing device

20th

third transmission belt

22nd

Bristles

24

first brush gear

26th

Drive gear

28

second brush gear

30th

arrow

32

arrow

34

Effective circle

36

arrow

38

drive shaft

40

Girder

Claims (12)

1. A grinding machine for grinding a surface of an object, wherein the grinding machine comprises

   a. a plurality of grinding brushes (2),

   i. which are mounted such that they can be rotated about a brush axis of rotation,

   b. at least one brush holder (4),

   i. which is mounted on the at least one of the grinding brushes (2) and which

   ii. is mounted such that it can be rotated about a holder axis of rotation (6), and

   c. a conveying device for conveying the object through the grinding machine at a feed speed,
   wherein the grinding machine features an input device and an output device, wherein
   a brush speed of rotation about the brush axis of rotation and/or a holder speed of rotation about the holder axis of rotation (6) and/or the feed speed can be adjusted using the input device, the grinding machine being characterized in that the output device is configured in such a way that an anticipated grinding result can be displayed by the output device, said result being dependent on the parameters set by the input device.
2. The grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the output device comprises a display device on which the anticipated grinding result can be displayed.
3. The grinding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grinding machine has an electric control unit, especially a microprocessor, which is configured to calculate the anticipated grinding result using the set parameters.
4. The grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grinding machine comprises multiple brush holders (4), for which different holder speeds of rotation can be adjusted by way of the input device, wherein the brush holders can preferably be rotated in the same direction.
5. The grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the brush holders (4) are arranged at an offset in the feed direction.
6. The grinding machine according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the brush holders (4) are arranged in such a way that the effective radii of the grinding brushes overlap.
7. The grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one brush holder (4) is mounted eccentrically.
8. The grinding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that a degree of the eccentricity can be adjusted by the input device.
9. The grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input device features an interface to a data connection, especially a Bluetooth interface, a USB interface, an internet connection or a wireless interface, such as a radio or WiFi interface.
10. The grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input device has an operating element by way of which the parameters can be adjusted manually.
11. The grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grinding machine comprises an electronic memory in which set parameters can be stored.
12. The grinding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it features a detection device, in particular a camera, with which a grinding result achieved on the surface of the object after grinding can be detected, wherein the grinding machine preferably features an electronic data processing device that is configured to compare the detected grinding result with the anticipated grinding result, and to use the result of this comparison as a control or regulation parameter.

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