EP3400759A1 - Vorrichtung zur erwärmung einer funktionsschicht - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur erwärmung einer funktionsschichtInfo
- Publication number
- EP3400759A1 EP3400759A1 EP16816624.7A EP16816624A EP3400759A1 EP 3400759 A1 EP3400759 A1 EP 3400759A1 EP 16816624 A EP16816624 A EP 16816624A EP 3400759 A1 EP3400759 A1 EP 3400759A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- applicator
- functional element
- microwave
- coating material
- dielectric functional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/78—Arrangements for continuous movement of material
- H05B6/788—Arrangements for continuous movement of material wherein an elongated material is moved by applying a mechanical tension to it
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/647—Aspects related to microwave heating combined with other heating techniques
- H05B6/6491—Aspects related to microwave heating combined with other heating techniques combined with the use of susceptors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/70—Feed lines
- H05B6/701—Feed lines using microwave applicators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2206/00—Aspects relating to heating by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields covered by group H05B6/00
- H05B2206/04—Heating using microwaves
- H05B2206/046—Microwave drying of wood, ink, food, ceramic, sintering of ceramic, clothes, hair
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for heating a functional layer of a Be slaughterungsmateriais, such as a surface coating or an edge strip, in particular for applying the Be slaughterungsmateriais on a surface of a workpiece.
- a device for heating a functional layer of a Be slaughterungsmateriais such as a surface coating or an edge strip, in particular for applying the Be slaughterungsmateriais on a surface of a workpiece.
- the workpieces are, for example, in particular plate-shaped or three-dimensional made of wood, wood materials, plastic or the like elements, such as those used in furniture or in the manufacture of components, such as floor elements.
- the coatings are laminar coatings for coating at least one flat broad side of the workpiece or so-called edge strips for coating at least one narrow side of the workpiece.
- the coating consists of a surface layer and a functional layer, wherein the functional layer for connecting the Coating with the workpiece is used.
- the functional layer is to be activated so that it adopts its adhesive properties so that the joining process can be carried out in a targeted manner.
- the activation of the functional layer by means of laser beams or by means of hot compressed air is known.
- the activation by means of laser beams has its advantages in the pinpoint application of the laser beam for precisely controlled activation.
- the device for activation by means of laser beams however, has the disadvantage that the application shows its advantages rather only at high quantities. It is also disadvantageous that the energy applied by the laser decreases with the penetration depth of the laser radiation into the material of the functional layer.
- the complete activation of the functional layer then takes place by means of heat conduction into the depth of the functional layer in order to achieve a uniform heating or activation of the functional layer.
- the penetration depth of the laser radiation into the functional layer is dependent on the material of the functional layer, the type and amount of the laser absorber used and the type and amount of the dye used.
- Activation via hot compressed air is also known in the art.
- DE 10 201 1015898 discloses a device for generating hot compressed air, which is flowed on an edge band to heat the functional layer and thus to activate. In doing so, a significant amount of compressed air will have to be heated to high temperatures in order to heat or activate the functional layer as it passes through the device.
- Such devices consume significant amounts of energy to heat the required high amounts of air to over 400 ° C, with a large part of the energy due to the design of the device in the heat exchanger via, for example, heat radiation or the like is removed parasitic. Also causes the high-volume hot air flow that the environment of the Device is exposed to high temperatures, which entails a considerable amount of air conditioning.
- the hot air activation devices exhibit a high level of noise in the generation and outflow of the pressurized hot air, which is an issue for the operator! the device is disadvantageous and a considerable effort for noise reduction entails.
- the upper layer of the functional layer at temperature of the hot air of 400 ° C to 500 ° C is strongly liquefied and is partially replaced by the strong air flow from the functional layer.
- the energy applied by the hot air acts only on the surface and then has to be conducted by heat conduction into the depth of the functional layer in order to achieve a continuous heating of the functional layer to a temperature of substantially the process temperature or more. This results in a strong temperature gradient between the surface of the functional layer and the back of the functional layer, which adjoins the decorative layer of the coating material.
- the applicant's earlier application discloses an apparatus for heating a functional layer of a coating material for applying the coating material to a surface of a workpiece, comprising a microwave source, an applicator and a microwave channel for supplying the microwave radiation generated in the microwave source to the applicator, wherein in the applicator Microwave field due to the supplied microwave radiation can be generated, wherein the applicator has at least one material channel which traverses the applicator and through which the coating material is feasible, so that the functional layer of the coating material in the microwave field within of the applicator is heated.
- a dielectric filling is provided in the applicator away from the microwave source in order to be able to reduce the overall length of the applicator.
- the material channel is arranged so that the maximum of the field strength of the electric microwave field should be in the region of the material channel. It turns out, however, that the position of the maximum of the microwave field shifts relative to the material channel, depending on the coating material to be carried out. This may result in a non-optimal temperature of the coating material.
- the invention also relates to a related method.
- An embodiment of the invention relates to a device for heating a functional layer of a coating material, such as a surface coating or an edge strip, in particular for applying the coating material to a surface of a workpiece, with a microwave source and an applicator, wherein microwave radiation generated in the microwave source can be fed to the applicator, wherein in the applicator a microwave field can be generated on the basis of the supplied microwave radiation, wherein the applicator has at least one material channel, which traverses the applicator and through which the coating material is feasible, so that the functional layer of the coating material in the microwave field within the applicator is heated, wherein in the applicator at least one displaceable dielectric functional element is arranged, by means of which the position of a maximum of the field strength of the microwave field relative to the material channel is positionable.
- the maximum of the field strength can be spatially positioned, so that the maximum of the field strength can be arranged either in the region of the functional layer, the decorative layer or outside the coating material, regardless of the coating material used and its material and material thickness.
- the applicator can be connected directly to the microwave source.
- a microwave channel can also be arranged between the microwave source and the applicator.
- the edge band formed as coating material is possible not or only slightly heated.
- the functional layer of the coating material is heated to the process temperature.
- the coating material formed for example as an edge band can be heated to a target temperature of about 40 ° C. to about 70 ° C. Due to the heating of the coating material, the restoring forces of the coating material in the gluing to workpieces with radii reduced.
- the functional layer of the coating material is heated to the process temperature.
- the at least one displaceable dielectric functional element is arranged between the microwave source and the material channel.
- the displacement of the maximum can also be achieved towards the microwave source.
- the maximum can also be shifted to the side of the material channel opposite the microwave source.
- the position of the maximum of the electric field can be shifted into the region of the position of the functional layer of the coating material, such as an edgeband.
- the device is advantageously designed so that this optimization can be carried out for each edge band in the respective operating mode.
- a tuner and the displaceable dielectric functional element for displacing the position of the maximum electric field can be jointly controlled or regulated.
- the intended target variables are: a favorable or optimal setting of the resonant frequency of the device and / or a favorable or optimal positioning of the maximum of the electric field relative to the position of the coating material in the applicator, in particular according to the technical requirements of the coating material.
- Factors which can be influenced here include: the material or materials of the coating material, such as the edgeband, the operating mode used, whether the applicator is 100% filled with the coating material, such as the edgeband, or whether Applicator is filled at the inlet or outlet of the coating material between 0% and 99% with the Be harshungsmaterial.
- a further dielectric functional element is arranged in the applicator.
- This further dielectric element can effect the displacement of the maximum of the field distribution in a simple manner in cooperation with the first dielectric functional element.
- the further dielectric functional element is arranged to be displaceable.
- the position of the maximum can be set more appropriately.
- the further dielectric functional element is arranged between the microwave source and the side of the material channel opposite the microwave source.
- the first dielectric functional element and / or the further dielectric functional element is or are arranged to be displaceable and / or rotatable.
- the first dielectric functional element or the weather dielectric functional element can also be displaced parallel to the axis or it can also be tilted.
- At least one drive is provided for displacing the first dielectric functional element and / or the further dielectric functional element. It may be advantageous if by means of the at least one drive, the respective functional element is automatically adjustable. This allows an automatic adaptation to the position and nature of the coating material.
- each of the functional elements can be positioned individually, which serves for the accuracy of the adjustment of the position of the maximum.
- the first and / or the further dielectric functional element is displaceable in such a way that it is or can be aligned and arranged parallel to a coating material in the material channel. In this case, an oblique adjustment of the functional element or the functional elements in the material channel can be made, so that the functional element can follow the inclination of the coating material. This is advantageous in particular in the case of an inclined position of the coating material in the material channel in order to nevertheless take this into account.
- a measuring device is provided for measuring the position of the first dielectric functional element and / or the further dielectric functional element. This allows the positioning to be monitored and automatically adjusted, as controlled or controlled.
- the first and / or the further dielectric functional element have segments of dielectric functional elements which can be displaced independently or in groups or jointly. As a result, for example, a curved course of the coating material can be followed.
- a dielectric functional element or a segment of a dielectric functional element consists of one of the following materials: PTFE, ceramic, glass, technical glass, Al 2 O 3, silica glass, SiO 2, fused silica, fused quartz, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide. This allows the targeted use of a material with suitable dielectric properties.
- the device can be used both in a continuous system and in a machining center for the production and processing of workpieces
- a plurality of applicators is provided.
- a plurality of coating materials can be heated simultaneously, which can be applied in parallel to the same workpiece or to different workpieces.
- a single coating material could also be heated differently at different points by means of a plurality of applicators, so that a targeted bonding can be carried out on different substrate conditions.
- at least one applicator or all applicators has or have an applicator segment or a plurality of applicator segments. Thereby, the applicator can be divided into different areas or segments, in which the microwave field could be set differently. This would allow a specific adaptation of the amount of heat input to the specific needs of the bond.
- an applicator or an applicator segment has a material channel or a plurality of material channels. Thereby, one or more coating materials can be heated simultaneously. In the case of particularly wide or areal coating materials, it is also possible to use a plurality of applicators in order to heat adjacent areas of a coating material.
- an aperture for the microwave radiation is provided on at least one applicator and / or on at least one applicator segment.
- a modulation device for adjusting the modulation of the microwave radiation is provided in at least one applicator and / or in at least one applicator segment.
- the resonant frequency of the applicator can be adapted as a resonator to the resonant frequency of the microwave source, such as the magnetron.
- the coating material to be heated which is guided through the applicator, alters the microwave field or the resonance frequency of the applicator, so that the modulation device adjusts the microwave field that builds up in such a way that the coating material can be heated optimally.
- the said modulation device can also be formed by a dielectric functional element.
- the at least one applicator or a group of applicators is supplied with microwave radiation by a microwave source or by a multiplicity of microwave sources, wherein in particular each applicator or each group of applicators is fed by its own microwave source,
- the at least one applicator segment or a group of applicator segments is supplied with microwave radiation by a microwave source or by a plurality of microwave sources, wherein in particular each applicator segment or each group of applicator segments is fed by its own microwave source.
- a microwave source or by a plurality of microwave sources wherein in particular each applicator segment or each group of applicator segments is fed by its own microwave source.
- a plurality of applicators or a plurality of applicator segments is fed by a microwave source, wherein an allocation device is provided for dividing the microwave radiation and / or the microwave energy into the respective applicators or applicator segments.
- the dividing device divides the microwave radiation, in particular with regard to the power, to the respective applicators or to the respective applicator segments, so that a specific application of the microwave energy can take place.
- At least one microwave channel is provided, in particular one microwave channel per microwave source and / or one microwave channel per applicator and / or one microwave channel per applicator segment is provided.
- the microwave channel is the Forwarding of the microwave radiation to the respective involved
- Applicators or applicator segments so that a targeted heating of the coating material can take place. It is particularly advantageous if the microwave channel is a waveguide and / or a coaxial cable. If a plurality of applicator segments or applicators are provided, it may be advantageous if the waveguide is subdivided into segments and thus the microwave radiation can be forwarded. Also, the power line of the microwave energy from the microwave source to the applicator can be made by means of coaxial cables. This is done with adapted transitions, also referred to as tapered coaxial transitions. This has the advantage that the applicator can be easily disassembled so that maintenance work on the applicator can be simplified.
- the material channel runs through the at least one applicator and / or through the at least one applicator segment, wherein the channel has an inlet opening and an outlet opening, which serve to introduce the coating material into the matehal canal and release it again.
- the positioning in the microwave field of the applicator or the applicator segment is defined, which provides a more defined energy input. Also, a separation can occur through the material channel, so that the coating material does not come into direct contact with the applicator, because any contamination from the applicator are only badly removable.
- the material channel has a circumferential wall which separates the material channel from the interior of the applicator or from the interior of the applicator segment. This can be a complete separation be made, which protects the applicator. This also defines the path of the coating material through the applicator, which is conducive to the defined energy input. It is particularly advantageous if at the inlet opening and / or at the outlet opening, a device is arranged, which reduces or prevents leakage of microwave radiation from the inlet opening or from the outlet opening. As a result, the emerging microwave radiation can be prevented or at least reduced below the permissible limit values.
- the diaphragm is arranged between the microwave source and the applicator or the applicator segment.
- the adjustment of the modulation of the microwave radiation in particular for the production of a stationary and / or traveling wave of the microwave radiation, can be carried out in the applicator or in the applicator segment.
- the shape of the resonance curve of the applicator is variable.
- the characteristic of the applicator shifts from a resonant device to a device with a running shaft, depending on the choice of the aperture.
- the absorptive influences by the coating material on the microwave field can be compensated or compensated.
- the diaphragm is an opening, in particular an opening in a metal wall.
- the metal wall can shield the microwave radiation, so that only the microwave radiation passing through the opening is forwarded to the applicators or applicator segments.
- the opening cross-section of the opening of the aperture is variably adjustable is particularly advantageous.
- the modulation of the microwave radiation can be adjusted as needed.
- the diaphragm has a metal element, which is projecting into the opening.
- the effect of the aperture can still be adjusted without adjusting the opening.
- the metal element is a metal bolt or another metal element. This or this can influence the microwave radiation particularly well.
- the at least one material channel is arranged fixed in the applicator or in the applicator segment and the microwave field is variably adjustable in the applicator and / or in the applicator segment.
- the microwave field can be adjusted to the material properties of the coating material or to the size ratios of the coating material.
- the at least one material channel is displaceably adjustable in the applicator or in the applicator segment. Even so, an adaptation to the coating material to be heated can be made.
- the material channel and / or the microwave field is adjustable such that a functional layer of the coating material can be arranged or carried out in a range of maximum electric field strength.
- an applicator is subdivided into a plurality of applicator segments, wherein the applicator segments have substantially the same geometric dimensions. So can an individual Microwave energy can be controlled in the applicator segments, which can meet the needs of the coating material, if it requires a different heating, for example, over the height.
- an applicator is subdivided into a plurality of applicator segments, with at least some of the applicator segments differing in height or in width. This too may be advantageous when using different height coating materials, such as variable height edgebands.
- the applicator or the applicators or the applicator segment or the applicator segments are exchangeable.
- the respective preferred applicator or the applicators or the applicator segments can be used, which are preferably suitable for the coating material to be heated.
- the material channel consists of a material which is one of the following materials or has one of the following materials: PTFE, ceramic, glass, technical glass, Al 2 O 3 , silica glass, SiO 2 , fused silica, fused quartz, Alumina, silica .. This can be a passivation of the surface can be achieved.
- the material channel is internally coated with a material which is one of the following materials or has one of the following materials: PTFE, ceramic, glass, technical glass, Al 2 O 3 , silica glass, SiO 2 , fused silica, fused Quartz, alumina, silica ..
- the applicator or the applicators or the applicator segment or the applicator segments prefferably be coated internally with a material which is one of the following materials or one of the following Materials include PTFE, Ceramics, Glass, Technical Glass, Al2O3, Silica, Si0 2 , Fused Silica, Fused Quartz, Alumina, Silica.
- a modulation device is arranged, which in particular adapts the resonant frequency of the filled resonator to the frequency of the magnetron.
- the modulation device influences the microwave field in such a way that, depending on the selected coating material, it is arranged in the region of a maximum of the field strength.
- a temperature measuring device which allows the monitoring of the temperature of the coating material in the material channel and / or at the entrance and / or at the outlet of the material channel.
- the temperature of the coating material can be determined, so that the energy to be expended, the microwave field and its distribution can be adjusted according to the target temperatures.
- a flushing device which allows an introduction or passage of a fluid, in particular a gas or air, into the material channel.
- a fluid in particular a gas or air
- targeted cooling of the coating material on the surface side can be carried out, while the side of the functional layer can be rinsed in order, for example, to remove gaseous media and / or microparticles from the material channel.
- a guide device which guides the coating material in the Material channel allows.
- the Be Mrsungsmatertal can be targeted and safely out through the microwave field.
- An embodiment of the invention relates to a method for operating a device according to the invention, wherein at least one displaceable dielectric functional element is arranged in the applicator and is positioned to position the position of a maximum of the field strength of the microwave field relative to the material channel.
- An embodiment of the invention relates to a method for heating a functional layer of a coating material, such as a surface coating or an edge strip, in particular for applying the coating material to a surface of a workpiece, the method comprising the following steps
- Functional layer of the coating material is heated in the microwave field within the applicator, wherein in the applicator at least one displaceable dielectric functional element is arranged, by means of which the position of a maximum of the field strength of the microwave field is positioned relative to the material channel.
- FIG. 1 shows a view of a device according to the invention for
- FIG. 2 shows a side view of an applicator
- FIG. 3 shows a view of an applicator from above
- FIG. 6 is a side view of an applicator
- FIG. 7 shows a view of an applicator from above
- FIG. 8 shows a view of an applicator from the rear
- FIG. 10 shows a view of an applicator from above
- FIG. 11 is a side view of an applicator
- FIG. 12 shows a side view of an applicator
- FIG. 13 shows a view of an applicator from above
- FIG. 14 shows a partial view of a device according to the invention
- FIG. 15 shows a partial view of a device according to the invention with an illustrated amplitude of the microwave film
- FIG. 16 shows a partial view of a device according to the invention with a shown amplitude of the microwave field
- FIG. 17 shows a partial view of a device according to the invention with an illustrated amplitude of the microwave field
- FIG. 18 shows a partial view of a device according to the invention with an illustrated amplitude of the microwave field
- FIG. 19 shows a partial view of a device according to the invention with an illustrated amplitude of the microwave field
- Figure 20 is a view of an applicator.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a device 1 according to the invention for heating a functional layer 2 of a coating material 3.
- heating of a functional element is also understood as activation of a functional layer. These terms are used below as equivalent or equivalent.
- FIG. 1 shows the functional layer on one side of the However, it may also be disposed on the other side of the coating material as well.
- the coating material is in particular an edge band, which can be applied to a workpiece on a narrow side, or in particular a rather flat coating material, which can also be applied to a rather flat broad side of a workpiece.
- the heating or activation of the functional layer 2 serves for the application and in particular the permanent fixing of the coating material 3 on a surface of the workpiece.
- the functional layer is activated such that it forms or causes a type of adhesive by means of which the coating material can be bonded to the surface of the workpiece.
- the device 1 has a microwave source 4 and an applicator 5, wherein the microwave radiation is transmitted by means of a microwave channel 6 from the microwave source 4 to the applicator 5.
- the microwave channel 6, which is preferably designed as a waveguide or as a coaxial cable, is used to supply the microwave radiation generated in the microwave source 4 to the applicator 5. in the applicator 5 is thereby generated a microwave field, which is traversed by the coating material 3.
- the applicator 5 has at least one material channel 7, which traverses the microwave field and through which the coating material is guided.
- the microwave field is designed or controllable such that when passing through the coating material through the microwave field, the functional layer of the coating material is heated or activated.
- the coating material consists of at least two layers, of which one layer is the functional layer, which is heated or activated, wherein the at least one other layer, which is referred to below as a decorative layer, depending on the application as possible not possible or only about 40 ° C. is heated to 70 ° C.
- the functional layer and the decorative layer can each also consist of a corresponding own layer structure of several individual layers.
- the functional layer and / or the decorative layer of the coating material may consist of at least one layer or of a plurality of layers.
- the functional layer and the decorative layer each have a loss factor which as a loss factor of the respective material of
- the loss factor is the imaginary part of the complex relative dielectric constant of the respective material.
- the loss factor of the functional layer or the
- Frequencies of 915 MHz, 2.45 GHz or 5.8 GHz define the ratio of loss factors.
- the coating material is specified such that R> 1, preferably R> 10 applies.
- R> 1 preferably R> 10 applies.
- the applicator of the microwave source with microwave radiation of a power of 0.1 kW to about 50 kW is applied.
- the heating of the functional layer is greater than the heating of the decorative layer, so that the decorative layer is not or possibly only slightly heated, while the functional layer is heated to process temperature.
- each applicator can be powered by the same microwave source, or alternatively, each applicator can be powered by a separate microwave source. Also, groups of applicators or applicator segments may be powered by a microwave source or powered by a plurality of microwave sources.
- FIGS. 2 to 5 each show different views of an applicator 10 according to the invention in a first operating position.
- FIG. 2 shows the applicator in a side view
- FIG. 3 in a plan view from above
- FIG. 4 in a rear view
- FIG. 5 in a front view.
- the applicator 10 has three applicator segments 1 1, 12, 13, which are arranged one above the other.
- the applicator segments 11, 12, 13 are cavities into which the microwave radiation is fed on the input side and which open into a chamber 14, in which the material channel 15 is provided, which forms a channel in order to be able to lead the coating material through the chamber 14 can.
- a running or a standing wave of microwave radiation is formed and can heat or activate this in the implementation of the coating material 16 depending on the loss factor.
- the applicator segments 1 1, 12, 13 are arranged one above the other and stepped at the rear end, so that the connection of a microwave channel 17, 18, 19 on an upper side of the respective Appiikatorsegments 1 1, 12, 13 is possible.
- the microwave channel 17, 18, 19 is preferably a waveguide and / or a coaxial cable. It may be advantageous if a waveguide is used, that the waveguide is divided into segments.
- the material channel 15 is designed such that it passes through the at least one applicator 10 and / or through the at least one applicator segment 1 1, 12, 13, wherein the material channel 15 has an inlet opening 21 and an outlet opening 22, which serve to Admit coating material 16 in the material channel 15 and leave it out again.
- the material channel 15 has for this purpose a circumferential wall 23, which separates the material channel 15 from the interior or chamber 14 of the applicator 10 or from the interior of the respective Appiikatorsegments 11, 12, 13.
- FIGS. 2 to 5 show an applicator 10 with three applicator segments 1 1 to 1 3.
- the microwave radiation can be distributed to the respective applicators or to the respective applicator segments, so that the heating of the coating material in the material channel can be adapted to the needs.
- the distribution of the microwave radiation can be variable, for example, via the height of the coating material.
- the upper and / or lower edge of the coating material may be heated to a greater or lesser extent than a middle region.
- the figures show an applicator with a material channel leading through the applicator through which the coating material is passed.
- the at least one applicator also a plurality of material channels, which can be arranged one behind the other and / or one above the other.
- several strips, strips or webs of coating material can be heated at the same time. This may be advantageous in a device in which several such heated coating materials are processed simultaneously.
- several workpieces can be coated at the same time or it can be a workpiece coated on several sides.
- an aperture 24 is provided in each case in the applicator or in the applicator segments 11, 12, 13. This aperture serves to adjust the shape of the resonance curve of the applicator or of the applicator segment. As the aperture 24 is made larger, the characteristic of the applicator or applicator segment shifts from a standing wave resonant system to a traveling wave system.
- the diaphragm 24 preferably consists of a type of pinhole 25, which in its passage cross-section is variable and / or from a variable metal element 26, such as a metallic mandrel, which serves to selectively influence the microwave radiation.
- Both the pinhole 25 and the metal element 26 is / are preferably designed to be adjustable in order to be able to set the characteristics of the applicator 10 or of the applicator segment 11, 12, 13 to the respective requirements.
- the diaphragm 24 is arranged between the microwave source and the applicator or the applicator segment or in the applicator or in the applicator segment. It is preferably connected upstream of the modulation device 27.
- the aperture 24 as a pinhole 25 in this case has an opening 28 which is in particular an opening 28 in a metal wall 29.
- the opening cross section of the opening 28 of the aperture is variably adjustable.
- the metal element acting as a diaphragm 26, which projects into the opening of the applicator segment is preferably adjustable.
- the degree of penetration ie the penetration depth of the metal element into the opening, can be adjustable.
- the metal element 26 is preferably arranged downstream of the pinhole 25. Alternatively, however, it could also be the pinhole 25 upstream. In this case, a metal element could be provided or it may alternatively be provided a plurality of metal elements. This or these can be arranged inside and / or outside of the applicator. According to the invention, the metal element is a metal bolt which projects into the applicator segment. Furthermore, it can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 that a modulation device 27 for adjusting the modulation of the microwave radiation is provided in at least one applicator 10 and / or in at least one applicator segment 11, 12, 13.
- the modulation device 27 is designed as a type of flap which influences the microwave radiation in such a way that it adapts the resonant frequency of the resonator of the applicator or of the applicator segment 11, 12, 13 to the resonant frequency of the magnetron, ie the microwave source.
- the modulation device 27 is formed as a kind of flap. This modulation device 27 is set downward in FIGS. 2 and 3. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the modulation device 27 is set turned upwards.
- the at least one material channel 15 is arranged fixedly in the applicator 10 or alternatively also in the applicator segment, wherein the microwave field is variably adjustable in the applicator 10 and / or in the applicator segment.
- the at least one material channel 15 in the applicator 10 or in the applicator segment can also be adjustably adjustable in order to be able to set the coating material in the microwave field.
- the material channel and / or the microwave field can be adjusted such that a functional layer of the coating material can be arranged in a region of maximum electric field strength or can be carried out in this region.
- the coating material is guided by a drive through the material channel.
- the drive can be attached to the applicator or assigned to this.
- the drive can also be a drive of a device which applies the coating material to the workpiece.
- the drive may be part of an edge banding device, if
- the coating material is an edge that can be applied to the narrow side of a workpiece.
- the applicator can also be followed by a pressure device to apply the Be Mrsungsmateriai on the workpiece and press there.
- the Appükatorsegmente 1 1, 12, 13 are the same in height.
- an applicator 10 can also be subdivided into a plurality of applicator segments 11, 12, 13, wherein the applicator segments 11, 12, 13 can also have different geometric dimensions or heights.
- an applicator can be divided into several Appükatorsegmente, wherein at least some of the Appükatorsegmente may differ in height and / or width.
- the energy input into the coating material can be modulated as a function of the height or width.
- the applicator or the applicators or the applicator segment or the Appükatorsegmente are interchangeable.
- the applicators or the Appükatorsegmente can be used in different heights or widths to be adapted to the coating material.
- the material channel 15 is formed as a continuous gap with a circumferential wall 23.
- the material channel 15 is made of a material which is at least one of the following materials or has one of the materials: PTFE, ceramic, glass, technical glass and / or quartz glass.
- the material channel 15 may for example be made of PTFE, such as Teflon, and be used as a PTFE block in the applicator 10.
- the material passage 15 may be internally coated with a material "which is one of the following materials is or comprises one of the materials: PTFE, ceramics, glass, and industrial glass and / or quartz glass.
- the applicator 10 or the applicators or applicator segment or the applicator segments 11, 12, 13 may be internally coated or filled with a material which is one of the following or comprises one of the following materials: PTFE, ceramic, glass, technical glass, Al 2 O 3, quartz glass, SiO 2, fused silica, fused quartz, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide.
- Figures 6 and 9 show a guide device 30 in the material channel 15, which are formed as guide rails and are arranged below and above in the material channel 15.
- the guide rails pass through the material channel 15, so that the coating material is guided on its way through the material channel 15.
- the two guide rails or in general the guide device 30 is adjustable to the height or width of the coating material, so that also different high or wide Be Schweizerungsmatehalien, such as tapes, are feasible through the material gap.
- the guide device serves to guide the coating material and furthermore has the advantage that in the region in which the coating material engages in the guide device, the heating is not as high as in a central region. This ensures that the edge region of the coating material with its functional layer can not stick to the guide device.
- the range is about 0.5 to 4 mm wide or deep, in which engages the coating material in the guide device.
- the guide device can also be resiliently mounted, in particular the guide rails, in order to avoid jamming of the coating material.
- the guiding device such as the upper and / or the lower guide rail, may be connected to a flushing device and provided with channels to be flushed with a flushing medium, such as air.
- a flushing medium such as air.
- the flushing medium can be applied to the coating material in the lateral direction and / or directly from above or below in order to avoid overheating in the guide rail.
- the guide rails preferably in the lower surface and / or in the upper surface and in the lateral surfaces channels, through which the flushing medium can be passed.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show an applicator 10 with a material channel 15 with a flushing device 40.
- the flushing device 40 comprises a first flushing medium connection 41 and with a second flushing medium connection 42, the first flushing medium connection 41 and the second flushing medium connection 42 serving to connect a flushing medium ,
- This flushing medium such as air, is guided by the flushing medium connections 41, 42 into channels 43, which distribute and open in the material channel 15 in order to flush the material channel 15 and the coating material 16 in the material channel 15.
- the flushing device is an optional feature that can be used with the features of the other embodiments.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 show an end region of the applicator 10 in which a filling 50 is provided in order to influence the dielectric properties of the resonator 51.
- a filling 50 is provided in order to influence the dielectric properties of the resonator 51.
- the filling is an optional feature that can be used with the features of the other embodiments.
- a temperature measuring device 60 is provided which allows the monitoring of the temperature of the coating material 16 in the material channel 15 and / or at the entrance and / or at the outlet of the material channel 15.
- a feedback for controlling or regulating the microwave energy and / or the resonance frequency of the applicator or the shape of the microwave field can take place.
- a plurality of temperature sensors can be arranged, which detect the temperature of the coating material.
- the number of temperature sensors can be 1 to 20 or more. It is particularly advantageous if a continuous measurement of the temperature of the functional layer of the coating material is made.
- a control or regulation of the temperature of the functional layer as a function of the output power of the microwave source, the positions of the dielectric functional elements and / or the diaphragm or the metal element 26 can be made.
- the desired value of the temperature of the functional layer can be kept constant over the length of the edge band.
- the desired value of the temperature of the coating material can be varied, wherein the variation can be made according to a user-specific profile.
- the device according to the invention serves to heat or activate a coating material.
- the heating process can be combined by means of the microwave applicator with other heating devices or heating methods.
- these further heating devices can be used for preheating and / or for achieving or for holding the process temperature of the functional layer.
- the temperature profile of the coating material to be achieved in the process direction and perpendicular to the process direction by the combination of Heating profiles of each heater can be achieved.
- the heating device is arranged in front of the microwave heating device in relation to the feed direction of the coating material.
- the following heating devices are suitable for this: The direct heating of the functional layer via mechanical contact with heated mechanical components, hot air, IR, VIS or UV lamps, LED or laser devices or ultrasound.
- the additional heating device is arranged relative to the feed direction of the coating material after the microwave heating device.
- the following energy sources are advantageous: hot air, IR, VIS, or UV lamps, LED or laser devices or ultrasound.
- the applicators shown can be used individually or in groups. Also, the applicators may have individual applicator segments or groups thereof. In this case, the applicator segments of an applicator can differ in height in order to achieve optimal heating of different high coating materials, for example as tapes.
- the number of applicators is preferably between 1 and 20 or more. The number of applicator segments is preferably between 1 and 20 or more.
- the inventive device 100 for heating a functional layer of a coating material, such as a surface coating or an edge strip, in particular for applying the coating material to a surface of a workpiece is shown in fragmentary form in FIG.
- the device 100 has a microwave source, which has already been described above and is not shown in FIG. 14, and which is connected to an applicator 102 via a microwave channel 101.
- the microwave channel 101 serves to supply the microwave radiation generated in the microwave source the applicator, wherein in the applicator a microwave field is generated due to the supplied microwave radiation.
- At least one material channel 103 which traverses the applicator 102 and through which a coating material can be carried out, so that the functional layer of the coating material is heated in the microwave field within the applicator 102.
- at least one displaceable dielectric functional element 104, 105 is arranged, by means of which the position of a maximum of the field strength of the microwave field is controllable.
- the coating material can influence the microwave field in such a way that the maximum of the field strength shifts and no longer lies where the coating material or where the functional layer lies.
- the at least one displaceable dielectric functional element 105 is arranged between the microwave source and the material channel. It can also be advantageous if the displaceable dielectric functional element 104 is arranged on the side of the material channel opposite the microwave source. It may also be advantageous if a further dielectric functional element 104 is arranged in the applicator 102. It may also be advantageous if the further dielectric functional element 104 is arranged to be displaceable. It is advantageous if the further dielectric functional element 104 between the microwave source and the first dielectric Functional element 104, 105 or the material channel is arranged or between the first dielectric functional element and the material channel 103 or on the microwave source opposite side of the material channel 103 is arranged.
- the displaceability means that the at least one first dielectric functional element 105 and / or the further dielectric functional element 104 is or are arranged to be displaceable and / or rotatable.
- the functional element can advantageously be displaced in such a way that the maximum of the field distribution lies in the region of the coating material or in the region of the functional layer.
- FIG. 15 shows a partial view of the device 100 with an illustrated amplitude 120 of the field distribution of the microwave field. It can be seen in the amplitude different maxima, with a maximum in the region of the material channel 103 is arranged. It can be seen that the maximum of the amplitude is not exactly in the region of the material channel 103, but is slightly shifted in this respect. By displacing the dielectric functional elements 104 and / or 105, this can be adapted.
- FIGS. 16 and 17 each show a partial view of the device 100 with illustrated amplitudes 120, 121 and 122, respectively, of the field distribution of the microwave field.
- FIG. 16 shows the side view
- FIG. 1 shows the top view of the device 100.
- Different maxima are detected in the amplitude, wherein a maximum is arranged in the region of the material channel 103. It can be seen that the maximum of the amplitudes 120 and 122 are not exactly in the region of the material channel 103, but rather are slightly shifted in this respect.
- the amplitude 121 is approximately in the middle of the material channel. By displacing the dielectric functional elements 104 and / or 105, this can be adapted.
- FIGS. 18 and 19 each show a partial view of a further device 100 with an illustrated amplitude 120 of the field distribution of the microwave field. It can be seen in the amplitude different maxima, with a maximum in the region of the material channel 103 is arranged. It can be seen that the maximum of the amplitude is not exactly in the region of the material channel 103, but is slightly shifted in this respect. To clarify the facts, Figures 18, 19 show only the extreme positions.
- the dielectric functional elements 104 and / or 105 By displacing the dielectric functional elements 104 and / or 105, this can be adapted.
- the dielectric functional elements 104, 105 are each shifted to the right, ie away from the microwave source. The maximum is slightly to the left of the material channel 103.
- the dielectric functional elements 104, 105 are each displaced to the left, that is, toward the microwave source.
- the maximum is slightly to the right of the material channel 103.
- FIG. 20 shows a sectional view of an applicator 200.
- This has a material channel 201.
- a dielectric functional element 202, 203 can be arranged, wherein at least one of the dielectric functional elements is designed to be displaceable and can be arranged correspondingly positionable.
- at least one drive 204, 205 is provided, which the displacement of the first dielectric Functional element and / or the further dielectric functional element makes.
- the two functional elements can be connected or coupled to one another via a guide.
- a drive can be provided for displacing the first dielectric functional element and / or the further dielectric functional element.
- the drive can also be coupled to a said modulation device.
- first and / or the further dielectric functional element 104, 105, 202, 203 are or are displaceable in such a way that it or they can be aligned and arranged parallel to a coating material in the mate rial alkanal. In this case, an inclination can also be made possible if the coating material runs obliquely through the material channel. It is also advantageous if a measuring device 206, 207 is provided for measuring the position of the first dielectric functional element 202, 203 and / or the further dielectric functional element 202, 203. As a result, an automated control or regulation can be made.
- first and / or the further dielectric functional element 202, 203 can have or have segments of dielectric functional elements which can be displaced independently or in groups or jointly. As a result, a three-dimensional arrangement can be achieved, which facilitates setting the maximum of the field distribution.
- the dielectric functional element or segment of a dielectric functional element is made of one of the following materials: PTFE, ceramic, glass, engineering glass, Al 2 O 3, fused silica, SiO 2, fused silica, fused quartz, alumina, silica.
- PTFE polytyrene
- the dielectric functional element or the dielectric radiofrequency elements thus serves, in particular, to adjust the resonant frequency and with them in particular also the position of the maximum of the field distribution, in particular relative to the material channel, can be set.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102016200175.2A DE102016200175A1 (de) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung einer Funktionsschicht |
PCT/EP2016/080677 WO2017118534A1 (de) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-12-12 | Vorrichtung zur erwärmung einer funktionsschicht |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3400759A1 true EP3400759A1 (de) | 2018-11-14 |
Family
ID=57609860
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16816624.7A Withdrawn EP3400759A1 (de) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-12-12 | Vorrichtung zur erwärmung einer funktionsschicht |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3400759A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102016200175A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017118534A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102017122249A1 (de) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-03-28 | Homag Gmbh | Applikator zum thermischen Aktivieren einer Funktionsschicht eines Beschichtungsmaterials |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4477707A (en) * | 1982-11-24 | 1984-10-16 | General Electric Company | Electromagnetic field heating apparatus for curing resin/fiber composites in continuous pultrusion processes |
JPH01274381A (ja) * | 1988-04-25 | 1989-11-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | マイクロ波加熱装置及びその方法 |
JP3077879B2 (ja) * | 1994-02-15 | 2000-08-21 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレ−ション | ウェブ・タイプの定量された処理材料にマイクロ波エネルギーを印加するための装置及び方法 |
US5958275A (en) * | 1997-04-29 | 1999-09-28 | Industrial Microwave Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for electromagnetic exposure of planar or other materials |
US6259077B1 (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-07-10 | Industrial Microwave Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for electromagnetic exposure of planar or other materials |
US6246037B1 (en) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-06-12 | Industrial Microwave Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for electromagnetic exposure of planar or other materials |
KR100448328B1 (ko) * | 2002-03-19 | 2004-09-10 | 이강 | 마이크로웨이브를 이용한 드라이필름 라미네이팅 장치 및방법 |
DE102011015898B4 (de) | 2011-04-01 | 2016-10-06 | Christof Schulte-Göbel | Schmalflächenbeschichtungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer kleberfrei wärmeaktivierbaren Kantenbeschichtung mittels Heißluft oder Heißgas |
JP5536743B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-07-02 | 村田機械株式会社 | マイクロ波加熱装置、及びこれを用いた画像定着装置 |
-
2016
- 2016-01-08 DE DE102016200175.2A patent/DE102016200175A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-12-12 WO PCT/EP2016/080677 patent/WO2017118534A1/de unknown
- 2016-12-12 EP EP16816624.7A patent/EP3400759A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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DE102016200175A1 (de) | 2017-07-13 |
WO2017118534A1 (de) | 2017-07-13 |
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