EP3397779A1 - Procédé de production de fonte brute utilisant un processus de réduction en phase liquide romelt - Google Patents

Procédé de production de fonte brute utilisant un processus de réduction en phase liquide romelt

Info

Publication number
EP3397779A1
EP3397779A1 EP16882176.7A EP16882176A EP3397779A1 EP 3397779 A1 EP3397779 A1 EP 3397779A1 EP 16882176 A EP16882176 A EP 16882176A EP 3397779 A1 EP3397779 A1 EP 3397779A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coal
slag bath
liquid slag
romelt
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16882176.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3397779A4 (fr
Inventor
Vladimir Andreevich Romenets
Valery Sergeevich Valavin
Yury Valentinovich POKHVISNEV
Sergey Aleksandrovich MAKEEV
Aleksander Konstantinovich ZAYTSEV
Nataliya Vyacheslavovna SIMAKOVA
Alena Aleksandrovna FEDOROVA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Science And Technology Misis, National University of
Original Assignee
Science And Technology Misis, National University of
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Science And Technology Misis, National University of filed Critical Science And Technology Misis, National University of
Publication of EP3397779A1 publication Critical patent/EP3397779A1/fr
Publication of EP3397779A4 publication Critical patent/EP3397779A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • C21B11/08—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in hearth-type furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • This invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, more specifically, to the production of liquid carbon-bearing semiproduct and pig iron; furthermore, it can be used in other branches of industry, for example, in non-ferrous metallurgy, production of construction materials etc.
  • the closest counterpart of the present invention is the Romelt Process Control Method (RU 2182603, published 20.05.2000 ) according to which the content of iron oxides in the slag is controlled and maintained at the required level depending on slag temperature and gas composition by increasing or decreasing the quantity of loaded coal and increasing or decreasing the quantity of oxygen supplied to above the molten slag level.
  • process control and pig iron production are also achieved regardless of the coal particle size distribution, all coal being loaded from the top of the furnace.
  • the method does not either provide for high gas combustion rates.
  • ⁇ 5 mm sized coal fractions are crushed to ⁇ 1 mm size and supplied to the liquid slag bath through the bottom tuyeres of the Romelt furnace together with oxygen at a rate of 400 - 1000 m 3 /m 2 of furnace area at the bottom tuyere level.
  • the heat flow from the combustion zone to the liquid slag bath is maintained at 3-6 MW/m of liquid slag bath area.
  • Said iron containing materials are metallurgical waste such as slams, dust, scale and iron ores.
  • said fluxes can be lime or fired dolomite or quartz sand or mixtures thereof.
  • the butt and side walls of the Romelt furnace may be fitted with additional and bottom tuyeres.
  • the quantity of ⁇ 1 mm sized coal fraction supplied to said additional and bottom tuyeres is less than 20% of the overall coal load.
  • Figure 1 shows intermediate gate 1 , single-mesh drum 2, coal loading chutes 3 and 4, first vertical conveyor 5, ⁇ 1 mm coal crusher 6, second vertical conveyor 7, >5 mm coal fraction charge hopper 8, ⁇ 5 mm coal fraction charge hopper 9, liquid slag bath 10, top tuyeres 1 1 , bottom tuyeres 12 and top loading port 13.
  • Coal dust interacts with the gas phase to reduce combustion rate. This interaction also affects heat release from the combustion process because incomplete combustion and oxygen shortage only provide for coal combustion to CO, the heat efficiency of this reaction being 117 kJ/mole which is less than half of the CO and H 2 combustion reaction heat efficiencies that are 279 and 251 kJ/mole, respectively.
  • coal dust contamination of the gas not only increases the content of CO but also redistributes oxygen between the carbon and hydrogen containing components of the gaseous phase.
  • Iron containing materials, fluxes and >5 mm sized coal fractions are simultaneously loaded into the Romelt furnace liquid slag bath 10 through the top loading port 13.
  • Said iron containing materials are wastes of metallurgical production such as slams, dust, scale and iron ores.
  • Said fluxes can be lime or fired dolomite or quartz sand or mixtures thereof.
  • air/oxygen blowing gas is supplied to the bottom tuyeres 12 to initiate coal combustion and bubbling of the liquid slag bath 10.
  • the main heat source of the Romelt furnace is combustion of the reducing gases above the slag bath with the transfer of the released heat to the bath.
  • the volume of the CO and H 2 gases released from the bath is greater than the one required for compensating the heat deficiency in the slag bath, and therefore even partial combustion of these gases provides for the required heat.
  • combustion of 60-85% of the gases released from the bath is sufficient.
  • Combustion heat can be increased by removing the circulating coal particles and hence redistributing all oxygen supplied above the slag level to the gas combustion reaction, as suggested in this invention.
  • Coal is loaded through the gate 1 to the single-mesh drum 2 which divides it into >5 mm and ⁇ 5 mm fractions.
  • the larger sized coal fraction (>5 mm) is supplied through the second vertical conveyor 7 to the charge hopper 8 and further to the liquid slag bath 10 through the top loading port 13.
  • the ⁇ 5 mm coal fraction is supplied through the loading chute 3 to the first vertical conveyor 5 and further to the charge hopper 9. Then the ⁇ 5 mm coal fraction is supplied from the charge hopper 9 to the coal crusher 6 where it is crushed to ⁇ 1 mm particles.
  • This latter fraction is blown into the liquid slag bath 10 through the bottom tuyeres or through the additional tuyeres provided in the butt and side walls of the Romelt furnace at a 0.8-1.8 m height from the furnace floor.
  • gas jets may penetrate through the slag bath thus reducing agitation intensity.
  • Iron oxides ending up in the coal containing bubbling slag layer are solved in the slag and reduced by coal particles mixed with the slag.
  • Iron obtained after reduction is enriched in carbon, and its drops deposit by gravity to the furnace floor.
  • three molten layers form in the furnace: the metal on the furnace floor, the unagitated slag layer between the metal and the bottom tuyeres and the bubbled slag layer (the reaction zone).
  • the blowing in of fine coal fractions increases the quantity of iron reduction centers thus increasing the quality of the output metal and the overall output of the plant.
  • coal is divided into >5 mm and ⁇ 5 mm fractions, the combustion rate of the gases released from the liquid slag bath 10 is maintained at 60-85% of the maximum possible combustion rate.
  • the forming C0 2 and H 2 0 may dissociate due to the high temperature thus increasing the quantity of heat released by combustion and heat loss through the furnace walls.
  • ⁇ 5 mm coal fraction is supplied using the intermediate gate 1 through the loading chute 4 to the vertical conveyor 5 and the coal crusher 6 for crushing to ⁇ 1 mm size coal particles.
  • the supply of ⁇ 1 mm coal fractions is necessitated by the following. If >1 mm sized coal fractions are supplied to the bottom tuyeres 12, the inner surfaces of the coal preparation and supply systems undergo intense mechanical wear due to the exposure of the system surfaces to the sharp coal particles, and the reduction rate in the slag layer decreases.
  • the quantity of the ⁇ 1 mm coal fractions supplied to the additional tuyeres and the bottom tuyeres 12 is at least 20% of the overall coal load. At smaller fine fraction percentages the increase in the combustion rate is insufficient for achieving a >60% combustion rate, and the quantity of metallic phase formation centers also increases insufficiently.
  • a heat flow of 3-6 MW/m 2 of liquid slag bath area is provided from the combustion zone to the liquid slag bath.
  • a heat flow of less than 3 MW/m 2 of liquid slag bath area the heat transfer from the combustion zone to the liquid slag bath is insufficient, and there is coal and oxygen overconsumption at the bottom tuyere row.
  • a heat flow of greater than 6 MW/m of liquid slag bath area the combustion rate increases, C0 2 and H 2 0 dissociation occurs and heat load to the furnace walls increases.
  • the >5 mm coal fraction is supplied to the liquid slag bath of the Romelt furnace through the top loading port, and the ⁇ 5 mm coal fraction is crushed to ⁇ 1 mm size.
  • the ⁇ 1 mm coal fraction is blown into the liquid slag bath through the bottom tuyeres and through the additional tuyeres provided in the butt and side walls of the Romelt furnace together with the air/oxygen blowing gas at a rate of 1000 m /m of furnace area at the bottom tuyere level.
  • the combustion rate of the gases released from the slag bath is 60% of the maximum possible rate. This provides for a heat flow heat flow of 3 MW/m of liquid slag bath area from the combustion zone to the liquid slag bath.
  • the quantity of the ⁇ 1 mm coal fraction supplied to the bottom tuyeres is 20% of the overall coal load.
  • the unit coal and oxygen consumptions are 820 kg t iron and 940 m 3 /t iron, respectively.
  • the output of the furnace is therefore 15% higher compared with the process in which all coal is loaded through the top loading port.
  • the >5 mm coal fraction is supplied to the liquid slag bath of the Romelt furnace through the top loading port, and the ⁇ 5 mm coal fraction is crushed to ⁇ 1 mm size. Then the ⁇ 1 mm coal fraction is blown into the liquid slag bath through the bottom tuyeres and through the additional tuyeres provided in the butt and side walls of the Romelt furnace together with the air/oxygen blowing gas at a rate of 400 m 3 /m 2 of furnace area at the bottom tuyere level.
  • the combustion rate of the gases released from the slag bath is 85% of the maximum possible rate. This provides for a heat flow heat flow of 6 MW/m of liquid slag bath area from the combustion zone to the liquid slag bath.
  • the quantity of the ⁇ 1 mm coal fraction supplied to the bottom tuyeres is 40% of the overall coal load.
  • the unit coal and oxygen consumptions are 980 kg/t iron and 1030 m /t iron, respectively.
  • the output of the furnace is therefore 30% higher compared with the process in which all coal is loaded through the top loading port.
  • the suggested method increases the output of the process and provides for coal and oxygen saving compared with the process in which all coal is loaded through the top loading port into the liquid slag bath.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à la production de fonte brute dans le four Romelt. Le procédé comprend le chargement simultané de matières contenant du fer, de fondants et de fractions de charbon de taille > 5 mm dans le bain de laitier liquide du four Romelt par l'orifice de chargement supérieur. Le procédé comprend également le barbotage d'air/oxygène et l'amorce de la combustion du charbon par l'apport de gaz de soufflage d'air/oxygène aux tuyères de fond. Le procédé comprend également l'oxydation du CO et de l'H2 libérés par l'apport d'oxygène aux tuyères supérieures. La vitesse de combustion des gaz est maintenue à 60 à 85 % de la vitesse maximale possible par division du charbon en fractions > 5 mm et < 5 mm. La fraction de charbon < 5 mm est concassée à une taille < 1 mm et apportée au bain de laitier liquide par les tuyères de fond conjointement avec le gaz de soufflage d'air/oxygène à un débit de 400 à 1000 m3 /m2 de surface de four au niveau de la tuyère de fond. Un flux de chaleur de 3 à 6 MW/m2 de surface de bain de laitier liquide est assuré de la zone de combustion vers le bain de laitier liquide. L'invention permet de réduire la perte de fer avec le laitier et d'éviter une ébullition non maîtrisée d'un bain de laitier.
EP16882176.7A 2015-12-29 2016-04-06 Procédé de production de fonte brute utilisant un processus de réduction en phase liquide romelt Withdrawn EP3397779A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2015156791A RU2618297C1 (ru) 2015-12-29 2015-12-29 Способ производства чугуна процессом жидкофазного восстановления Ромелт
PCT/RU2016/000194 WO2017116275A1 (fr) 2015-12-29 2016-04-06 Procédé de production de fonte brute utilisant un processus de réduction en phase liquide romelt

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3397779A1 true EP3397779A1 (fr) 2018-11-07
EP3397779A4 EP3397779A4 (fr) 2019-07-31

Family

ID=58697605

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16882176.7A Withdrawn EP3397779A4 (fr) 2015-12-29 2016-04-06 Procédé de production de fonte brute utilisant un processus de réduction en phase liquide romelt

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3397779A4 (fr)
KR (1) KR20180097739A (fr)
EA (1) EA033747B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2618297C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017116275A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4252560A (en) * 1978-11-21 1981-02-24 Vanjukov Andrei V Pyrometallurgical method for processing heavy nonferrous metal raw materials
DE4320572C1 (de) * 1993-06-15 1995-01-26 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schmelzreduktion von Erzen oder vorreduzierten Metallträgern
AU776002B2 (en) * 1999-09-06 2004-08-19 Jfe Steel Corporation Method and facilities for metal smelting
RU2182603C2 (ru) * 2000-05-18 2002-05-20 ЗАО Научно-производственное объединение "АЛГОН" Способ управления процессом "ромелт"
RU2191831C1 (ru) * 2001-02-08 2002-10-27 МГИСиС (технологический университет) Способ переработки железомарганцевого сырья
RU2541239C1 (ru) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-10 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" Способ переработки железосодержащих материалов в двухзонной печи
RU2542050C1 (ru) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-20 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" Способ пирометаллургической переработки железосодержащих материалов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2618297C1 (ru) 2017-05-03
KR20180097739A (ko) 2018-08-31
EP3397779A4 (fr) 2019-07-31
EA201800393A1 (ru) 2018-12-28
EA033747B1 (ru) 2019-11-21
WO2017116275A1 (fr) 2017-07-06

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