EP3393952A1

EP3393952A1 - Elevator system with a speed-variable elevator car, and operating method of the elevator system

Info

Publication number: EP3393952A1
Application number: EP16820276.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Martin KUSSEROW; Reto Tschuppert
Original assignee: Inventio AG
Current assignee: Inventio AG
Priority date: 2015-12-23
Filing date: 2016-12-22
Publication date: 2018-10-31
Also published as: AU2016374864B2; CN108698783A; AU2016374864A1; WO2017109100A1; US20180370763A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator system (1) with a counterweight (3) and an elevator car (4), which are supported by support means (5) and which are moved in opposite directions in an elevator shaft (2), or to an operating method for operating such an elevator system (1). The elevator car (4) approaches the counterweight (3) and/or moves past the counterweight (3) in an approach zone (A) in the elevator shaft (2), and the elevator car (4) moves at a first speed (S1) outside of the approach zone (A) and at a second speed (S2) in the approach zone (A), the second speed (S2) being lower than the first speed (S1).

Description

Elevator installation with a speed-adjustable elevator car and

Operating method of the elevator installation

description

The invention relates to an elevator installation with a counterweight and a

Elevator car, which are carried by a guided via at least one deflection support means and move in an elevator shaft opposite, or an operating method for operating such a lift system.

In an elevator installation which has an elevator cage in an elevator shaft, a counterweight, which is connected to the elevator cage via a suspension element guided via at least one deflection, moves in an opposite direction of movement to the elevator cage. As a rule, the elevator car and the counterweight move very close to each other at about halfway up the elevator shaft. As e.g. in a maintenance or installation work for the elevator installation, one or more technicians working on the roof of the elevator car and whose body or their body can often protrude outside the roof, the counterweight can or the

Technicians hit when it passes the elevator car. A collision accident should be avoided in this case as possible.

In JP 2011051786 A, an elevator system is known wherein a light projector is placed near a lift pit floor at the lower limit of the maximum range of travel of a counterweight to project a light in a horizontal direction. A light sensor is arranged to receive the projected light at the same height as the light projector in the elevator shaft. If a technician's approach was detected by the light sensor, the

Elevator car and the counterweight stopped.

EP 2516310 Bl describes an elevator installation with a counterweight guide. The elevator car and the counterweight pass each other in a so-called meeting zone in an elevator shaft. In order to prevent a collision or obstruction when driving past each other, the counterweight guide is designed so that in the encounter zone by a mechanical interaction between the Elevator car and the counterweight guide and between the counterweight and the counterweight guide the counterweight against the elevator car can be performed.

This is the counterweight guide to a mobile

Counterweight guide with a guide rail, which is attached to the elevator car, and that on the counterweight corresponding guide means are present, which can temporarily engage in the guide rail on the elevator car, while the elevator car moves past the counterweight.

One aspect of the present invention may be seen to improve the safety of an elevator installation, in particular in a maintenance or installation work, and in particular to minimize the influence of the safety measure.

This object is achieved by an elevator system with the features of claim 1 and an operating method with the features of claim 6.

According to the invention, an elevator installation is provided which has an elevator cage and a counterweight which move in an elevator shaft and are connected to one another via a suspension element, which is guided via at least one deflection, so that the elevator cage and counterweight can move in opposite vertical directions. The elevator car approaches the counterweight in an approach zone and / or moves past the counterweight. The

The elevator car moves outside the approach zone at a first speed and in the approach zone at a second speed, the second speed being less than the first speed. As the elevator car and the counterweight now pass each other more slowly, a person, e.g. during a maintenance work on the roof of the elevator car must remain, a longer time to pay attention to the coming of the counterweight or react. The safety of this elevator system, especially the security against a

Collision hazard, is thus improved.

Furthermore, a erfmdungsgemäße operating method for an elevator system with a counterweight and an elevator car is specified, in which the elevator car and the counterweight are carried over a suspension and in a

Move elevator shaft opposite, wherein the elevator car approaches the counterweight in an approach zone in the elevator shaft and / or moving past the counterweight, wherein the elevator car outside the

Approach zone at a first speed and moves in the approach zone at a second speed, wherein the second speed is set smaller than the first speed.

According to the invention, the elevator installation is controlled by an elevator control, in particular with a positioning system for determining the position of the elevator car and / or the counterweight in the shaft. In particular, the method steps of the operating method according to the invention are executed in the elevator control, thereby controlling the elevator installation. A position or height of the elevator car or counterweight in the elevator shaft can be determined by a positioning system of the elevator system, such a positioning system is e.g. in the patent EP 1412 274 Bl discloses or illustrated.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the previous invention, the approach zone has a length along a direction of movement of the elevator car, which is equal to or greater than the greater height of the elevator car and the counterweight plus a person size, the person size according to a measure of average person sizes of a country, in in which this elevator installation is to be installed or installed is predetermined. The average person size varies from country to country and is approximately between 1.55 and 1.85 meters. Considering a safety buffer (e.g., 0.5 meters), a

average person size of e.g. 2.2 meters are given.

Although according to a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, a center line of the approach zone and a centerline of the elevator shaft are substantially at a same height, usually about halfway up the elevator shaft, but the centerline of the approach zone is above the centerline of the elevator shaft. because you have the person size of a person on the roof of the elevator car still to be considered. Then the center line of the approximate zone is higher than the half of the average person size Centerline of the elevator shaft, wherein the two center lines are orthogonal to the direction of movement of the elevator car. Since the length of the approach zone is large enough, the second speed can still be turned on early, before the counterweight moves past the elevator car. Therefore, the above-mentioned person can prematurely recognize a collision hazard and respond accordingly.

According to an alternative advantageous embodiment of the previous invention, the approach zone becomes substantially symmetrical from a virtual one

Reference line above the elevator car arranged, wherein the reference line is orthogonal to the direction of movement of the elevator car and the distance of this reference line from a roof of the elevator car corresponds to half the predetermined person size. By such an arrangement, the approach zone can be defined shorter than the above-described embodiment of the invention, because the length of the approach zone no longer depends on the height of the elevator car and the counterweight, but only on the person size. That is, it is not relevant which length of the elevator car and the counterweight is greater. The length of the approach zone can therefore be defined comparatively more flexibly.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the preceding invention, a length of the approach zone along the direction of movement of the elevator car can be defined equal to or greater than half of a predetermined person size. For this purpose, the length of the approaching zone may have at least one safety margin, which is assigned to the upper and / or the lower limit of the approaching zone. Similar to the safety buffer mentioned above, the

Safety margin, for example, be given according to a need from zero to 0.5 meters. Therefore, the lower limit of the approach zone is at a height of a roof of the elevator car or lower than this height, at which height an upper edge of the counterweight will move past the roof of the elevator car when the elevator car is traveling from above or below against the counterweight. At two safety distances, they are each assigned to the upper and lower limits of the approach zone. In this case, the lower limit of the approach zone is then lower than the roof of the elevator car for a safety distance. The two safety distances can be provided the same or different. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the preceding invention, the second speed is set such that a change from the first

Speed can be perceived at the second speed for people. That is, this speed change is abrupt and thus fast enough for a person to notice the speed change. On the other hand, a return change from the second to the first speed can take place more gradually and slowly than the change from the first to the second speed. Preferably, a deceleration, ie from the first to the second speed, is perceptible, or an acceleration, namely from the second to the first speed, a gradual change of passage, so that a person, e.g. Doing a maintenance job on the roof of the elevator car can keep their position and balance better and safer. This further improves security.

Alternatively, the elevator installation may comprise a warning device, such as e.g. a loudspeaker, a vibrating alarm or an optical device in order to produce an acoustic, vibrating or oscillating sound when changing from the first to the second speed.

to generate a visual alarm signal discontinuously or not continuously. Such a warning device may either be located in the elevator shaft near the approach zone or on the roof of the elevator car or as a portable device e.g. in one

Safety helmet or work clothes attached or as software in a mobile device, such as a smartphone, integrated.

Advantageously, the operating method is to be used during a maintenance, an installation and / or a test process of the elevator installation. The operating method can either be switched on and performed automatically by a control system of the elevator installation or by a person who has to come to work on the roof of the elevator car.

The invention will be explained in more detail below in the context of an embodiment with reference to FIGS.

Show it: 1 shows a schematic representation of an inventive elevator system,

2 shows a schematic representation of an alternative erfmdungsgemässen

Elevators with four partial views, which in time sequence the

Show elevator cabin and the counterweight in the approach zone,

3 shows the change between the first and the second speed based on a direction of travel of the elevator car from top to bottom, and.

4 shows the change between the first and the second speed based on a direction of travel of the elevator car from bottom to top.

1 shows an elevator installation 1 with an elevator shaft 2, in which a counterweight 2 and an elevator car 4 are connected by means of a suspension element 5. The elevator car 4 moves in the elevator shaft 2 along its longitudinal direction Y, and the counterweight 3 moves in an opposite direction, so that relative movement towards or away from each other takes place between the counterweight 3 and the elevator car 4.

In the elevator shaft 2 there is an approach zone A. To ensure the maximum security, the length a of the approach zone A is in the longitudinal direction Y.

advantageously equal to or greater than half the height IG of the counterweight 3 plus a predetermined length lp a person size 7 and an optional safety distance h of, for example, 0.5 meters.

The person size 7 can be defined and pre-stored according to a measure of average person sizes of a country in which this elevator installation is to be installed or installed. The average number of people varies from country to country and ranges from almost 1.6 meters in Southeast Asia to just over 1.80 meters in Northern Europe.

A center line M1 of the elevator shaft 2 in the transverse direction X falls in the

Essentially with a midline M2 of the approach zone A together, ie the two Center lines Ml and M2 are orthogonal to the direction of movement (the longitudinal direction Y) and are at a same height, which is usually half the height of the

Elevator shaft 2 is. For example, the center line M2 of the approach zone A should be about half of the person size 7 above the center line 1 of the person

Elevator shaft 2 be.

In the approach zone A in the elevator shaft 2, the counterweight 3 and the elevator car 4 approach each other and pass each other. To a possible

To avoid a collision accident in which a person, e.g. during one

Maintenance work on the roof of the elevator car 4 must remain, collided with the counterweight 3, the elevator car 4 moves in the approach zone A at a lower speed. When the elevator car 4 leaves the approach zone A, its speed is restored to a higher speed, namely a normal driving speed or a high maintenance speed of the

Elevator car 4, reset.

The elevator installation 1 furthermore comprises a warning device 6, such as e.g. one

Speaker, vibration alarm or optical means. As an additional measure, when the second speed is switched on, alternatively, an acoustic, vibrating or visual alarm signal can be generated by this warning device 6 in order to make the persons even more aware of the danger.

Fig. 2 shows in four partial views as the length of the approach zone A is fixed. The four partial representations 2.1 to 2.4 show, viewed in time sequence from left to right, the elevator installation with the elevator car 4 moving up and the counterweight 3 moving downwards, or in a time sequence from right to left with the elevator car 4 moving downwards and the counterweight 3 moving upwards ,

When the elevator car is moving upwards, the elevator car 4 arrives in an approach zone at the point in time in the subfigure 2.1 or 2.2 and leaves it again at the point in time recorded in 2.3 and 2.4, respectively. The

Approach zone is considered to be reached as soon as the vertical distance between the

Lift cage roof 41 and the lower edge 32 of the counterweight reaches the predetermined person size lp plus a safety distance 1B or falls below. In At this moment the elevator car roof has reached the height hi. Due to the safety distance, a person located on the elevator car roof has sufficient time to move away from the edge area so as not to come into contact with the counterweight.

If the safety distance is omitted, the reaction time is reduced accordingly. In this case, the approach zone according to sub-figure 2.2 is considered to be reached only when the vertical distance between the elevator car roof 41 and the lower edge 32 of the counterweight reaches or falls below the predetermined person size lp. At this moment, the elevator car roof has reached the height I1 ₂ .

Now, the speed of the elevator system is reduced until the approach zone is considered abandoned again. This is the case in a first variant of the time shown in sub-figure 2.3, when the lower edge 32 of the counterweight the

Elevator car roof 41 crosses. At this moment the elevator car roof has reached the height I13. The danger of being trapped between the counterweight and the elevator car is already significantly reduced from this point onwards. However, due to the downwardly moving counterweight is still increased

Attention of a person located on the elevator car roof required.

Alternatively, the approach zone is considered to be left only at the time shown in sub-figure 2.4 when the elevator car roof 41 exceeds the upper edge 31 of the counterweight traveling downwards. At this moment the elevator canopy has reached the height I14. Since the counterweight has disappeared completely underneath the elevator car roof, there is no danger from the counterweight. Optionally, the approach zone is considered as left only when a safe distance has been reached between the downwardly moving upper edge of the counterweight and the elevator car roof. This optional variant is not shown in FIG. 2.

If the approach zone is considered abandoned, the speed of the elevator system is increased again.

The absolute length of the approach zone depends on the respective entry or

Exit height from. With respect to the elevator car roof, the minimum vertical extent of the approach zone a.2 is the difference between the heights I13 and I1 ₂ . At the same speed moving elevator car and Gegeng corresponds to the minimum vertical extent of the approach zone of half

Personal size.

If the safety distance b is added, this again results in the

Elevator car roof referred to a vertical extent of the approach zone al the difference between the heights I13 and hi. At the same speed moving elevator car and counterweight corresponds to the expansion of

Approach zone in this case half the size of the person plus half the safety distance.

1

ai = ^{+ 1} B)

If, as an additional security level, the approach zone is also extended beyond the length of the counterweight, the vertical extension of the approach zone still increases by half the length of the counterweight. Thus, the following values result for the further approximation zones described above:

1

as = + ¹ B + ¹ G)

1

a ₄ = - {1 _P + 1 _G )

If the elevator car moves from top to bottom, the limits are

Proximity zones reversed so that the speed is reduced as the top of the counterweight approaches the elevator car roof (optional safety margin, not shown) or exceeds it (Figure 2.4). The normal speed can be driven again, as soon as the counterweight from the area of the person size (part figure 2.2), plus a possible

Safety distance (part figure 2.1), increases.

In absolute terms, the approach zones are approximately in the middle of the elevator shaft, as described in FIG. More precisely, the approximation zones can be positioned on the basis of subfigure 2.4. The end of the approach zone - when the elevator car is moving upwards - is at the level I14, on which the upper edge 41 of the counterweight and the elevator car roof 41 meet. The beginning of the

Approach zone is corresponding to the vertical length & 3 or m below this height. In the event that the time shown in sub-figure 2.3 as exit from is considered the approach zone, the end of the approach zone - with the elevator car up - at the height I13, on which the lower edge 41 of the counterweight and the elevator car roof 41 meet. The beginning of the

The approximation zone is corresponding to the vertical length ai or a.2 below this height.

When the elevator car is moving downwards, the end and beginning of the approach zone are swapped accordingly.

A change of the speed S will be actuated, for example, depending on a position of the elevator car 4 in the elevator shaft 2 by an elevator control 9, the position being determined by a positioning system 9.

With the aid of a speed-time coordinate system, an operating method of such an elevator installation is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, as and when the travel speed S of the elevator car 4 is changed between a first speed S 1 and a second speed S 2. FIG. 3 shows a profile of the travel speed S of the elevator car 4 when it travels from top to bottom and counter to the ascending counterweight 3. The elevator car 4 starts at a first speed Sl, e.g. the more normal operating speed or a high maintenance speed. The elevator car 4 approaches the counterweight 3. At the time t 1, the elevator car enters the elevator car roof

Approach zone by the upper edge of the counterweight, the edge of the counterweight

The elevator car roof or at most a fictitious edge below it by a safety distance. The speed Sl becomes abrupt at this time tl, i. with one or more noticeable, sudden speed changes to the lower second speed S2, e.g. a (low) maintenance speed, changed. A person located on the elevator car roof is affected by the abrupt deceleration or noticeable jerking of the several jumped

Delays warned against cruising with the counterweight. At time t2, the roof of the elevator car 4 comes out of the approach zone A and the elevator car 4 moves away from the counterweight 3. The speed S2 is then gradually changed back to the higher speed S 1. Optionally, the acceleration can also begin even before leaving the approach zone. In this case, the speed curve would become a show a one-time or multi-part precipitous reduction followed by a gradual, continuous acceleration.

In contrast to the illustration of FIG. 3, FIG. 4 shows a course of the

Traveling speed S of the elevator car 4 when traveling from bottom to top and counter to the counterweight 3. The elevator car 4 also moves with the first

Speed Sl going. At time tl, the elevator car 4 first moves with its roof into the approach zone A and approaches the lower edge of the counterweight 3. The speed S 1 is changed to the low speed S2. At time t2, the elevator car 4 moves with its roof out of the approach zone A and leaves it the counterweight 3. The speed S2 is changed back to the higher speed S 1. Again, the delay may be one time or multiple at time tl and acceleration may occur upon exiting the approach zone (t2) or earlier after time t1.

From the two characteristics of the driving speed, it is clear to see that the course of the characteristic when changing the speed of S 1 to S2 is steeper than from S2 to Sl. The reason is that the second speed S2 is set to be smaller than the first speed S 1 so as to make the change from S 1 to S2 to human beings. A person, e.g. On the roof of the elevator car 4 is a maintenance work, it can thus be seen that the counterweight 3 will move past the elevator car 4. The fact that a potential risk of collision is noticed prematurely by the moving counterweight 3 and the elevator car 4 or the counterweight 3 - at slower acceleration (t2) - drive slower, the persons 7 has more time to respond to avoid an accident ,

In FIGS. 3, 4 it can be seen from the characteristic curve that a return change from the second speed S2 to the first speed S 1 in comparison with the change from S 1 to the S 2 is a gradual transition. That is, the change in speed at the return change is slower than that when changing from the first S 1 to the second speed S2. This further improves safety for the person working on the car roof, as it can keep their position and their balance better and safer. A warning device 6 such as a speaker, a vibrating alarm or an optical means is as an additional security measure when changing the

Speed of Sl on S2 or at the time tl activated and an audible, a vibrating or an optical alarm signal generated in order to protect the person on the cabin roof even better against a collision hazard.

This operating method can be switched on and performed manually by a control system of the elevator installation or by a person who remains to work on a canopy of the elevator installation 1 for maintenance, installation and / or a test process of an elevator installation 1.

Bezuj jszeichenlist:

1 lift system

2 elevator shaft

3 counterweight

31 upper edge of the counterweight

32 Lower edge of the counterweight

4 elevator car

41 elevator car roof

5 suspension means

6 warning device

7 person size

8 Distance of the reference line to the elevator car

9 positioning system / elevator control

A near zone

a _n vertical extension of the approach zone (n = {l, 2,3,4})

absolute vertical height of the elevator car roof (n = {l, 2,3,4}) lx length (X = {B (safety distance), G (counterweight), P (passenger size)})

Ml centerline of the elevator shaft

M2 centerline of the approach zone

S Travel speed of the elevator car

Sl the first speed

S2 the second speed

t travel time

tl time of change from Sl to S2

t2 time of return from S2 to Sl

Claims

claims

1. Elevator installation (1) with an elevator shaft (2), an elevator car (4) and a counterweight (3), wherein the elevator car (4) and counterweight (3) are arranged in the elevator shaft (2) and via a suspension element guided over at least one deflection are connected, so that the elevator car (4) and the counterweight (3) can perform oppositely directed movements, wherein the elevator car (4) in at least one approach zone (A) in the elevator shaft (2) approaches the counterweight (3) and / or to the

Counterweight (2) moved past,

characterized in that

the elevator car (4) moves outside of the approach zone (A) at a first speed (S l) and the elevator car (4) is retarded on entering the approach zone (A) to a second speed (S2), the second speed being smaller as the first speed (Sl).

2. elevator installation (1) according to claim 1, wherein a length (ai, a2, a3, e) of the

Approximate zone (A) along a direction of movement of the elevator car (4) is equal to or greater than half the length (lp) of a predetermined

Persons height (7) plus an optional safety distance (1B).

3. elevator installation (1) according to claim 2, wherein the person size (7) for an average person size of a country in which this elevator installation (1) is installed or installed, is predetermined.

4. elevator installation (1) according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein a length (a.3, the approach zone (A) along a direction of movement of the elevator car (4) of half the sum of the length (lp) of the predetermined person size (7) , the length (IG) of the counterweight (3) and the length of an optional

Safety distance (1B) corresponds.

5. Elevator installation (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper limit of the approach zone (A) at a height (I14) is located in the elevator shaft, at what level is an upper edge (31) of the counterweight (3) and a Cross elevator car roof (41) while passing each other.

6. elevator installation (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the

Delay from the first speed (Sl) to the second

Speed (S2) is erratic or in several, erratic

Partial delays occur.

7. Elevator installation (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a

Acceleration from the second speed (S2) to the first

Speed (Sl) is continuous.

8. elevator installation (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the

Acceleration from the second speed (S2) to the first

Speed (Sl) after leaving the approach zone.

9. elevator installation (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the elevator installation (1) has a warning device (6) in order to generate an acoustic, vibrating and / or optical alarm signal when changing from the first (S1) to the second speed (S2).

10. Operating method for an elevator installation (1) with an elevator shaft (2), an elevator car (4) and a counterweight (3), wherein the elevator car (4) and counterweight (3) are arranged in the elevator shaft (2) and via at least one Deflection guided support means are connected so that the elevator car (4) and the counterweight (3) can perform oppositely directed movements, wherein the elevator car (4) in at least one approach zone (A) in the elevator shaft (2) approaches the counterweight (3) and / or past the counterweight (2),

characterized in that

the elevator car (4) moves outside the approach zone (A) at a first speed (Sl) and the elevator car (4) is retarded on entering the approach zone (A) to a second speed (S2), the second speed being less than the first speed (Sl) is where there is an upper limit of the approach zone (A) at a height (I14) in the elevator shaft, at which height an upper edge (31) of the counterweight (3) and a lift cage roof (41) abut each other cross past and

wherein a length (ai, a.2) of the approach zone (A) along a

Movement direction of the elevator car (4) is equal to or greater than half the length (lp) of a predetermined person size (7) plus an optional safety distance (1B).

11. Operating method according to claim 10, wherein the delay from the first speed (Sl) to the second speed (S2) takes place abruptly or in several, erratic partial delays.

12. An operating method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein an acceleration from the second speed (S2) to the first

Speed (Sl) is continuous.

13. Operating method according to claim any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein when changing from the first (Sl) to the second speed (S2) an acoustic, vibrating and / or optical alarm signal is generated.

14. elevator installation (1) according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the acceleration of the second speed (S2) to the first speed (Sl) after leaving the approach zone begins.