EP3390782B1 - In einem kaltzustand elastisch gehaltene turbinenringanordnung - Google Patents

In einem kaltzustand elastisch gehaltene turbinenringanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3390782B1
EP3390782B1 EP16825829.1A EP16825829A EP3390782B1 EP 3390782 B1 EP3390782 B1 EP 3390782B1 EP 16825829 A EP16825829 A EP 16825829A EP 3390782 B1 EP3390782 B1 EP 3390782B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
tab
annular
ring sector
sector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16825829.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3390782A2 (de
Inventor
Thierry TESSON
Maxime Carlin
Jordan CARON
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3390782A2 publication Critical patent/EP3390782A2/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/246—Fastening of diaphragms or stator-rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/005—Selecting particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins
    • F05D2230/642—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins using maintaining alignment while permitting differential dilatation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/10—Stators
    • F05D2240/11—Shroud seal segments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/55—Seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/70—Shape
    • F05D2250/75—Shape given by its similarity to a letter, e.g. T-shaped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
    • F05D2300/502—Thermal properties
    • F05D2300/5021—Expansivity
    • F05D2300/50212—Expansivity dissimilar
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • F05D2300/6033—Ceramic matrix composites [CMC]

Definitions

  • the field of application of the invention is in particular that of aeronautical gas turbine engines.
  • the invention is however applicable to other turbomachines, for example industrial turbines.
  • Ceramic matrix composite materials are known to retain their mechanical properties at high temperatures, which makes them suitable for constituting hot structural elements.
  • a set of metal turbine ring deforms under the effect of heat flow, which changes the clearance at the flow path and, therefore, the performance of the turbine.
  • the ring sectors comprise an annular base whose inner face defines the inner face of the turbine ring and an outer face from which two leg portions extend. whose ends are engaged in housings of a metal ring support structure.
  • ring segments in CMC significantly reduces the ventilation required to cool the turbine ring.
  • maintaining the ring sectors in position remains a problem in particular with respect to the differential expansions that can occur between the metal support structure and the CMC ring sectors.
  • another problem lies in controlling the shape of the vein both cold and hot without generating too much stress on the ring sectors.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid such drawbacks and proposes for this purpose a turbine ring assembly comprising a plurality of ring sectors of ceramic matrix composite material forming a turbine ring and a ring support structure comprising a first and second annular flanges, each ring sector having an annular base portion with an inner face defining the inner face of the turbine ring and an outer face from which a first and a second leg extend, the tabs of each ring sector being held between the two annular flanges of the ring support structure, characterized in that the first tab of each ring sector has an annular groove on its face opposite the first flange.
  • the first annular flange of the ring support structure comprising an annular projection on its face opposite the first leg of each ring sector, the annular projection of the first flange being housed in the annular groove of the first leg of each ring sector, a clearance being present cold between the annular projection and the annular groove, in that at least the second leg of each ring sector is connected to the ring support structure by at least one elastic holding member, and in that the second leg of each ring sector has at least one opening in which is housed a portion of a holding member secured to the second annular flange of the ring support structure, a game being present cold between the opening of the second tab and the portion of the holding member in said opening, said holding member being of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic matrix composite material of the ring sectors.
  • the ring sectors are kept cold by elastic holding means which allow mounting of the ring sectors without prestressing.
  • the maintenance of the ring sectors by the elastic holding means is no longer ensured hot because of their expansion.
  • the holding force is resumed by the expansion of the annular projection of the first flange and the holding element or elements, which expansion does not cause stress on the ring sectors due to the presence of a cold clearance between the annular projection of the first flange and the annular groove of the first leg of each ring sector, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the clearance present between the holding element (s) and the opening or openings of the second leg.
  • each ring sector has a Pi shape in axial section, first and second legs extending from the outer face of the base portion.
  • the elastic holding means comprising a base fixed on the ring support structure from which extend a first and a second arm, each arm having at its free end a resilient attachment portion of type C- clip, the free end of the first leg of each ring sector being held by the elastic attachment portion of the first arm while the free end of the second leg of each ring sector is maintained by the portion of elastic fastening of the second arm of the elastic holding means.
  • C-clip elastic attachment portions allows cold mounting with limited constraints.
  • the contact between the ring sectors and the ring support structure is uniform, which allows a good distribution of forces.
  • the first leg of each ring sector has an external groove and an internal groove cooperating with the C-clip type elastic attachment portion of the first arm of the ring. holding means elastic, the second leg of each ring sector having an outer groove and an inner groove cooperating with the C-clip type elastic fastening portion of the second arm of the elastic holding means.
  • the internal and external grooves of the first and second legs of each ring sector may have a radius of curvature similar to the radius of curvature of the C-clip type elastic attachment portions of the first and second arms of the elastic holding means. They may also have a rectilinear shape, the C-clip type elastic attachment portions of the first and second arms of the elastic holding means extending in this case in a rectilinear direction.
  • each ring sector has a Pi shape in axial section, first and second legs extending from the outer face of the portion forming annular base, the elastic holding means comprising a base attached to the ring support structure from which extend a first and a second arm together forming a C-clip elastic fastening portion, the end free of the first leg of each ring sector being held by the first arm while the free end of the second leg of each ring sector is held by the second arm of the elastic holding means.
  • the first leg of each ring sector has an external groove cooperating with the free end of the first arm of the elastic holding means, the second leg of each sector. ring having an external groove cooperating with the free end of the second arm of the elastic holding means.
  • the outer grooves of the first and second legs of each ring sector may have a rectilinear shape, the free ends of the first and second arms of the elastic holding means extending in a rectilinear direction.
  • each ring sector presents in axial section a K-shape, first and second legs extending from the outer face of the part. forming an annular base, the first tab having at its end an annular groove in which is housed the annular projection of the first annular flange, the second leg of each ring sector being connected to the second flange by one or more elastic holding elements .
  • the second leg of each ring sector is connected to the second annular flange of the ring support structure by one or more clipping members.
  • the figure 1 shows a high pressure turbine ring assembly comprising a turbine ring 1 made of a ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) and a ring support metal structure 3.
  • the turbine ring 1 surrounds a set of rotary blades 5.
  • the turbine ring 1 is formed of a plurality of ring sectors 10, the figure 1 being a radial section view.
  • the arrow DA indicates the axial direction with respect to the turbine ring 1 while the arrow DR indicates the radial direction with respect to the turbine ring 1.
  • Each ring sector 10 has a substantially P-shaped or inverted ⁇ -shaped section with an annular base 12 whose inner face coated with a layer 13 of abradable material defines the flow stream gas flow in the turbine.
  • Upstream and downstream tabs 14, 16 extend from the outer face of the annular base 12 in the radial direction DR.
  • upstream and downstream are used herein with reference to the flow direction of the gas flow in the turbine (arrow F).
  • the ring support structure 3 which is integral with a turbine casing 30 comprises an element or elastic holding means 50 comprising a base 51 fixed on the inner face of the shell 31 of the turbine casing 30, a first and a second arm 52 and 53 extend from the base 51 respectively upstream and downstream.
  • the base 51 can be fixed on the inner face of the ferrule 31 of the turbine casing 30, in particular by welding, by plating, by riveting or by clamping by means of a screw / nut-type connection member, the orifices being pierced in the base 51 and the ferrule 31 to allow the passage of the fastening or connecting elements.
  • the first arm 52 comprises at its free end 520 an elastic fastening portion 521 C-clip type here having a radius of curvature.
  • the elastic fastening portion 521 holds the free end 141 of the upstream tab 14 of each ring sector 10.
  • the free end 141 of the upstream tab 14 has internal grooves 142 and 143 external grooves formed on each side of the lug 14 and cooperating with the elastic fastening portion 521, the grooves 142 and 143 having here a radius of curvature similar to the radius of curvature of the elastic fastening portion 521.
  • the second arm 53 comprises at its free end 530 an elastic fastening portion 531 type C-clip, here having a radius curvature, which holds the free end 161 of the downstream tab 16 of each ring sector 10.
  • the free end 161 of the downstream tab 16 has internal grooves 162 and outer 163 formed on each side of the tab 16 and cooperating with the elastic fastening portion 531, the grooves 162 and 163 having here a radius of curvature similar to the radius of curvature of the elastic fastening portion 531.
  • the elastic holding member 50 may be made of a metallic material such as a Waspaloy®, inconel 718 or AM1 alloy. It is preferably made of several annular sectors in order to facilitate its fixing on the housing 30.
  • the elastic holding element 50 ensures the cold maintenance of the ring sectors 10 on the ring support structure 3.
  • the temperature at which the ring assembly is located when the turbine does not operate that is to say at an ambient temperature which may be for example about 25 ° C.
  • the ring support structure 3 comprises an annular upstream radial flange 32 having a first projection 34 on its inner face 32a opposite the upstream tabs 14 of the ring sectors 10, the projection 34 being housed in an annular groove 140 present on the outer face 14a of the upstream lugs 14.
  • a clearance J1 is present cold between the first projection 34 and the annular groove 140.
  • the expansion of the first projection 34 in the annular groove 140 contributes to the hot maintenance of the ring sectors 10 on the ring support structure 3.
  • hot is meant here the temperatures to which the ring assembly is subjected during the operation of the turbine, these temperatures being between 600 ° C and 900 ° C .
  • the annular upstream radial flange 32 also has a second projection 35 facing the outer face 14a of the upstream lugs 14, the second projection 35 extending from the inner face 32a of the upstream radial flange 32 for a distance less than that of the first projection 34.
  • the ring support structure On the downstream side, the ring support structure comprises an annular downstream radial flange 36 having a projection 38 on its inner face 36a opposite the downstream tabs 16 of the ring sectors 10.
  • each fret 40 passes through respectively an orifice 37 formed in the annular downstream radial flange 36 and an orifice 17 formed each downstream lug 16, the orifices 37 and 17 being aligned during the assembly of the ring sectors 10 on the ring support structure 3.
  • the locking bands 40 are made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic matrix composite material of the ring sectors 10.
  • the locking bands 40 may for example be made of metal material.
  • a clearance J2 is present cold between the locking frets 40 and the orifices 17 present in each downstream lug 16. The expansion of the locking frets 40 in the orifices 17 contributes to the hot maintenance of the ring sectors 10 on the structure of ring support 3.
  • inter-sector sealing is provided by sealing tabs housed in grooves facing in the opposite edges of two neighboring ring sectors.
  • a tongue 22a extends over almost the entire length of the annular base 12 in the middle portion thereof.
  • Another tab 22b extends along the tab 14 and on a portion of the annular base 12.
  • Another tab 22c extends along the tab 16. At one end, the tab 22c abuts the tab 22a and on the tongue 22b.
  • the tongues 22a, 22b, 22c are for example metallic and are mounted with cold play in their housings to ensure the sealing function at the temperatures encountered in service.
  • Ventperes 33 formed in the flange 32 make it possible to supply cooling air to the outside of the turbine ring 10.
  • Each ring sector 10 described above is made of ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) by forming a fibrous preform having a shape close to that of the ring sector and densification of the ring sector by a ceramic matrix .
  • CMC ceramic matrix composite material
  • ceramic fiber yarns for example SiC fiber yarns, such as those marketed by the Japanese company Nippon Carbon under the name "Nicalon”, or carbon fiber yarns.
  • the fiber preform is advantageously made by three-dimensional weaving, or multilayer weaving with development of debonding zones to separate the preform portions corresponding to the tabs 14 and 16 of the sectors 10.
  • the weave can be interlock type, as illustrated.
  • Other weaves of three-dimensional weave or multilayer can be used as for example multi-web or multi-satin weaves.
  • the blank After weaving, the blank can be shaped to obtain a ring sector preform which is consolidated and densified by a ceramic matrix, the densification can be achieved in particular by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) which is well known in itself.
  • CVI chemical vapor infiltration
  • the ring support structure 3 is made of a metallic material such as a Waspaloy®, inconel 718 or AM1 alloy.
  • the ring support structure comprises at least one flange.
  • the annular downstream radial flange 36 which is elastically deformable in the axial direction DA of the ring.
  • the annular downstream radial flange 36 is pulled in the direction DA as shown in FIG. figure 2 in order to increase the spacing between the flanges 32 and 36 and to allow the insertion of the first projection 34 present on the flange 32 in the groove 140 present on the lug 14 without risk of damaging the ring sector 10.
  • the traction in the axial direction DA of the ring exerted on the elastically deformable flange 36 is here carried out by means of a tool 50 comprising at least one arm 51 whose end comprises a hook 510 which is engaged in a hook 39 present on the outer face 36a of the flange 36.
  • the number of hooks 39 distributed on the face 36a of the flange 36 is defined as a function of the number of traction points that one This number depends mainly on the elastic nature of the flange.
  • Other forms and arrangements of means for exerting traction in the axial direction DA on one of the flanges of the ring support structure can of course be considered within the scope of the present invention.
  • the free ends 141 and 161 of the lugs 14 and 16 are respectively engaged in the elastic attachment portions 521 and 531 of the elastic holding element 50, on the one hand, until the grooves 142 and 143 of the lug 14 respectively cooperate with the curved ends 5210 and 5211 of the elastic fastening portion 521, and, on the other hand, until the grooves 162 and 163 of the lug 16 cooperate respectively with the curved ends 5310 and 5311 of the elastic attachment portion 531.
  • each lug 14 or 16 of the ring sector may comprise one or more orifices for the passage of one or more frets.
  • the hoop 40 are hooped in the orifices 37 of the annular downstream radial flange 36 by known metal assemblies such as adjustments H6-P6 or other force arrangements that allow the holding of these elements cold.
  • the frets 40 may be replaced by pins or any other equivalent element.
  • the ring sectors 10 are held by the elastic holding element 50.
  • the expansion of the elastic holding element 50 no longer makes it possible to maintain the ring sectors at the level of the portions. fastening 521 and 531.
  • the hot keeping is provided both by the expansion of the protrusion 34 in the groove 140 of the lug 14 which fills or cancels the clearance J1 and by the expansion of the hoop 40 in the orifice 17 of the tab 16 which fills or cancels the game J2.
  • the figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the high pressure turbine ring assembly which differs from the high pressure turbine ring assembly described above in connection with the figures 1 and 2 in that the internal and external grooves 1142, 1143 present at the end 1141 of the tab 114 of the ring sectors 110 and the internal and external grooves 1162, 1163 present at the end 1161 of the tab 116 of the sectors of 110 have a rectilinear shape and that the curved ends 6210, 6211 of the elastic fastening portion 621 has the end of the first arm 62 of the elastic holding member 60 and the curved ends 6310, 6311 of the elastic fastening portion 631 at the end of the second arm 63 of the elastic holding member 60 extend in a rectilinear direction.
  • the elastic holding member 60 is made of a plurality of segments.
  • the other parts of the high pressure turbine ring assembly are identical to those already described above in connection with the ring assembly shown in the drawings. figures 1 and 2 .
  • the figure 4 shows a set of high pressure turbine ring according to another embodiment which differs from the above described ring assembly in connection with the figures 1 and 2 in that it uses a different elastic holding means or element.
  • the ring set of the figure 4 comprises a turbine ring 201 of ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) and a ring support metal structure 203.
  • the turbine ring 201 is formed of a plurality of ring sectors 210 and surrounds a set of blades 205.
  • Each ring sector 210 has a substantially P-shaped or inverted ⁇ -shaped section with an annular base 212 whose inner face is coated with a layer 213 of abradable material, upstream and downstream legs 214, 216 extend from the outer face of the annular base 212 in the radial direction DR.
  • the ring support structure 203 which is integral with a turbine casing 230 comprises an element or elastic holding means 250 comprising a base 251 fixed on the inner face of the shell 231 of the turbine casing 230, a first and a second arm 252 and 253 extend from the base 251 respectively upstream and downstream.
  • the elastic holding element 250 forms with these two arms 252 and 253 a C-clip type elastic fastener making it possible to keep the ring sectors 210 cold on the ring support structure 203.
  • the first arm 252 comprises its free end 2520 a curved attachment portion 2521 extending here in a rectilinear direction.
  • the curved attachment portion 2521 holds the free end 2141 of the upstream tab 214 of each ring sector 210.
  • the free end 2141 of the upstream tab 214 has an external groove 2143 formed on the outer face 214a of the tab 214 and cooperating with the curved attachment portion 2521, the groove 2143 here having a rectilinear shape.
  • the second arm 253 comprises at its free end 2530 a curved attachment portion 2531, extending in a rectilinear direction, which holds the free end 2161 of the downstream tab 216 of each ring sector 210.
  • free end 2161 of the downstream tab 216 has an external groove 2163 formed on the outer face 216a of the tab 216 and cooperating with the curved attachment portion 2531, the groove 2163 here having a rectilinear shape.
  • the elastic holding member 250 may be made of metallic material such as a Waspaloy® alloy, inconel 718, or AM1. It is preferably made of several annular sectors to facilitate its attachment to the housing 230. The elastic holding member 250 ensures the cold maintenance of the ring sectors 210 on the ring support structure 203.
  • the ring support structure 203 comprises an annular upstream radial flange 232 having a first projection 234 on its inner face 232a opposite the upstream tabs 214 of the ring sectors 210, the projection 234 being housed in an annular groove 2140 present on the outer face 214a of the upstream legs 214.
  • a clearance J21 is present cold between the first projection 234 and the annular groove 2140. The expansion of the first projection 234 in the annular grooves 2140 participates in the hot maintenance of the ring sectors 210 on the ring support structure 203.
  • the annular upstream radial flange 232 also has a second projection 235 opposite the outer face 214a of the upstream tabs 214, the second projection 235 extending from the inner face 232a of the upstream radial flange 232 to a distance less than that of the first projection 234.
  • the ring support structure comprises an annular downstream radial flange 236 having a projection 238 on its inner face 236a opposite the legs downstream 216 ring sectors 210.
  • the ring sectors 210 are furthermore held by holding elements, here in the form of locking frets 240.
  • the locking frets 240 are engaged both in the upstream downstream flange. annular 236 of the ring support structure 203 and in the downstream legs 216 of the ring sectors 210.
  • each band 240 passes respectively through an orifice 237 formed in the annular downstream radial flange 236 and an orifice 217 formed each
  • the blocking shrouds 240 are made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic matrix composite material of the ring sectors 210.
  • the blocking frets 240 may for example be made of metallic material.
  • a clearance J22 is present in cold condition between the locking frets 240 and the orifices 217 present in each downstream lug 216.
  • the expansion of the locking frets 240 in the orifices 217 contributes to the heat retention of the ring sectors 210 on the structure of ring support 203.
  • inter-sector sealing is provided by sealing tabs 222a, 222b, 222c as previously described.
  • ventilation orifices 233 formed in the flange 232 make it possible to supply cooling air to the outside of the turbine ring 210.
  • Each ring sector 210 is made of ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) by forming a fibrous preform having a shape close to that of the ring sector and densifying the ring sector by a ceramic matrix.
  • the ring support structure 203 is made of a metallic material such as a Waspaloy®, inconel 718 or AM1 alloy.
  • the annular downstream radial flange 236 When mounting a ring sector 210, the annular downstream radial flange 236 is pulled in the direction DA as shown in FIG. figure 5 to allow the insertion of the first projection 234 present on the flange 232 in the groove 2140 present on the leg 214 without risk in order to facilitate the traction separation of the annular downstream radial flange 236, the latter comprises a plurality of hooks 239 distributed on its face 236b, which face is opposite the face 236a of the flange 236 opposite the downstream tabs 216 of the ring sectors 210.
  • the traction in the axial direction DA of the ring exerted on the elastically deformable flange 236 is here carried out by means of a tool 270 comprising at least one arm 271 whose end comprises a hook 2710 which is engaged in a hook 239 present on the outer face 236a of the flange 236.
  • the free ends 2141 and 2161 of the tabs 214 and 216 are engaged between the ends 2520 and 2530 of the elastic holding member 250 until the groove 2143 of the leg 214 and the groove 2163 of the tab 216 cooperate respectively with the curved attachment portions 2521 and 2531 of the elastic holding member 250.
  • the projection 234 of the flange 214 inserted in the groove 2140 of the tab 214 the Curved attachment portions 2521 and 2531 positioned in the grooves 2143 and 2163 and said tabs 214 and 216 positioned to align the holes 217 and 237, the flange 236 is released.
  • a band 240 is then engaged in the aligned orifices 237 and 217 respectively formed in the annular downstream radial flange 236 and in the downstream tab 216.
  • Each leg 214 or 216 ring sector may comprise one or more orifices for the passage of one or more frets.
  • the frets 240 are shrunk in the orifices 237 of the annular downstream radial flange 236 by known metal assemblies such as adjustments H6-P6 or other force arrangements that allow the holding of these elements cold.
  • the frets 240 may be replaced by pins or any other equivalent element.
  • the ring sectors 210 are held by the elastic holding element 250.
  • the expansion of the elastic holding element 250 no longer makes it possible to maintain the ring sectors at the level of the portions. Curved fasteners 2521 and 2531.
  • the hot hold is provided both by the expansion of the projection 234 in the groove 2140 of the tab 214 which fills or cancels the clearance J21 and by the expansion of the band 240 in the orifice 217 of the tab 16 which fills or cancels the game J22.
  • the figure 6 shows a high pressure turbine ring assembly according to another embodiment.
  • the ring set of the figure 6 comprises a turbine ring 301 made of a ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) and a ring support metal structure 303 integral with a turbine casing 330.
  • the turbine ring 301 is formed of a plurality of sectors of ring 310 and surrounds a set of rotating blades (not shown on the figure 6 ).
  • Each ring sector 310 has a K-shape with an annular base 312 whose inner face coated with a layer 313 of abradable material defines the flow stream gas flow in the turbine.
  • a first leg 314 and a second substantially S-shaped lug 316 extend from the outer face of the annular base 312.
  • the ring support structure 303 comprises an annular upstream radial flange 332 having a first projection 334 on its inner face 332a opposite the upstream tabs 314 of the ring sectors 310, the projection 334 being housed in an annular groove 3140 present in FIG. the end 3141 of the upstream tabs 314.
  • a clearance J31 is present cold between the first projection 334 and the annular groove 3140.
  • the expansion of the first projection 334 in the annular grooves 3140 contributes to the hot maintenance of the ring sectors 310 on the ring support structure 303.
  • the annular upstream radial flange 332 also has a second projection 335 which extends under the end 3141 of the upstream tabs 314.
  • the ring support structure On the downstream side, the ring support structure comprises an annular downstream radial flange 336 having a projection 338 on its outer face 336b.
  • the annular radial flange 336 further comprises arms 339, here two in each ring sector, which extend radially on the side of the outer surface of the flange 336.
  • Each arm 339 has at its free end 3390 an orifice 3391.
  • the ring assembly further comprises elastic holding means or members 350 of the C-clip type each comprising a first elastic attachment portion 352 and a second elastic attachment portion 353.
  • the elastic holding members 350 make it possible to cold keeping the end 3161 of the downstream lug 316 of the ring sectors 310 against the seam 338, a constraint being exerted on its two parts respectively by the end 3520 of the first elastic fastening portion 352 and the end 3530 of the second elastic fastening portion 353 of each elastic holding member 350.
  • the elastic holding member 350 may be made of metal material such as a Waspaloy® alloy, inconel 718, or AM1.
  • the ring sectors 310 are further maintained by holding members, here in the form of pins 340.
  • the pins 340 are engaged both in the arms 339 of the annular upstream downstream flange. 336 of the ring support structure 303, in the elastic retaining elements 350 and in the downstream tabs 316 of the ring sectors 310.
  • each pin 340 passes through respectively an orifice 3391 formed in each arm 339 present on the annular downstream radial flange 3236, an orifice 355 formed in each elastic holding element 350 and an orifice 317 formed in each lug 316.
  • the pins 340 are made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material ceramic matrix composite of the ring sectors 310.
  • the pins 340 may for example be made of metal material.
  • a clearance J32 is present cold between the pins 340 and the orifices 317 present in each downstream leg 216. The expansion of the pins 340 in the orifices 317 participate in the hot maintenance of the ring sectors 310 on the ring support structure 303.
  • Each ring sector 310 is made of ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) by forming a fibrous preform having a shape close to that of the ring sector and densification of the ring sector by a ceramic matrix.
  • the ring support structure 303 is made of a metallic material such as a Waspaloy®, inconel 718 or AM1 alloy.
  • the first projection 334 present on the flange 332 is engaged in the groove 3140 on the tab 314.
  • the end 3161 of the tab 316 of each ring sector 310 is pressed against the projection 338 at the end of the Annular flange 336.
  • the elastic fastening elements 250 are positioned between the end 3161 and the projection 338, the end 3520 of the first portion resilient fastener 352 being in contact with the protrusion 338 and the end 3530 of the second elastic fastening portion 353 of each elastic holding member 350 being in contact with the end 3161 of the tab 316.
  • the elastic members 350 keep the end 3161 of the lug 316 of each ring sector 310 against the seam 338 of the annular flange 336 cold.
  • a pin 340 is then engaged in each series of aligned orifices 3391, 355, and 317 respectively formed in each arm 339 present on the annular downstream radial flange 3236, in an elastic holding member 350 and in the leg 316.
  • the pins 340 are shrunk into the orifices 3391 of each arm 339 by known metal assemblies such as adjustments H6-P6 or other strength arrangements that allow the holding of these elements cold.
  • the pins 340 may be replaced by fretsou any other equivalent element.
  • the ring sectors 310 are held by the resilient retaining element 350.
  • the expansion of the elastic retaining element 350 no longer makes it possible to maintain the ring sectors at the level of the portions. resilient fasteners 352 and 353.
  • the hot hold is provided both by the expansion of the protrusion 334 in the groove 3140 of the tab 314 which fills or cancels the clearance J31 and by the expansion of the pins 340 in the orifice 317 of the paw 316 which fills or cancels the game J32.
  • the turbine ring assembly of the figures 6 and 7 has been described with ring sectors having a K-shaped cross-section. However, this embodiment also applies to ring sectors having a substantially inverted ⁇ -shaped cross-section like those shown on FIG. Figures 1 to 5 . Likewise, the embodiments of the turbine ring assembly described in connection with the Figures 1 to 5 also apply to ring sectors having a K-shaped section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Turbinenringanordnung, die mehrere Ringsektoren (10) aus Verbundmaterial mit keramischer Matrix umfasst, welche einen Turbinenring (1) und eine Ringträgerstruktur (3) bilden, die einen ersten und einen zweiten ringförmigen Flansch (32, 36) beinhaltet, wobei jeder Ringsektor einen eine ringförmige Basis (12) bildenden Teil mit einer Innenseite, welche die Innenseite des Turbinenrings definiert, und einer Außenseite, von welcher sich eine erste und eine zweite Lasche (14, 16) weg erstrecken, aufweist, wobei die Laschen eines jeden Ringsektors zwischen den zwei ringförmigen Flanschen (32, 36) der Ringträgerstruktur (3) gehalten werden,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Lasche (14) eines jeden Ringsektors (10) eine ringförmige Nut (140) auf ihrer Seite (14a) beinhaltet, die zu dem ersten ringförmigen Flansch (32) der Ringträgerstruktur (3) weist, wobei der erste ringförmige Flansch der Ringträgerstruktur einen ringförmigen Vorsprung (34) auf seiner Seite (32a) umfasst, die zu der ersten Lasche (14) eines jeden Ringsektors (10) weist, wobei der ringförmige Vorsprung (34) des ersten Flansches (32) in der ringförmigen Nut (140) der ersten Lasche (14) eines jeden Ringsektors aufgenommen ist und in einem kalten Zustand ein Spiel (J1) zwischen dem ringförmigen Vorsprung (34) und der ringförmigen Nut (140) vorhanden ist,
    dass zumindest die zweite Lasche (16) eines jeden Ringsektors (10) mit der Ringträgerstruktur (3) mittels zumindest eines elastischen Halteelements (50) verbunden ist,
    und dass die zweite Lasche (16) eines jeden Ringsektors (10) zumindest eine Öffnung (17) beinhaltet, in welcher ein Teil eines Halteelements (40) aufgenommen ist, der mit dem zweiten ringförmigen Flansch (36) der Ringträgerstruktur (3) einteilig ist, wobei in einem kalten Zustand ein Spiel (J2) zwischen der Öffnung (17) der zweiten Lasche (16) und dem Teil des Halteelements (40) vorhanden ist, der in der Öffnung vorhanden ist, wobei das Halteelement aus einem Material besteht, das einen thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweist, der höher ist als der thermische Ausdehnungskoeffizient des Verbundmaterials mit keramischer Matrix der Ringsektoren.
  2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Ringsektor (10) im axialen Schnitt eine Pi-Form aufweist, wobei sich die erste und zweite Lasche (14, 16) von der Außenseite des Teils, der die ringförmige Basis (12) bildet, weg erstrecken, und dass das elastische Haltemittel (50) eine Basis (51) umfasst, die auf der Ringträgerstruktur (3) fixiert ist, von welcher sich ein erster und ein zweiter Arm (52, 53) weg erstrecken, wobei jeder Arm an seinem freien Ende einen elastischen Befestigungsabschnitt vom Typ eines C-Klips (521, 531) beinhaltet und das freie Ende (141) der ersten Lasche (14) eines jeden Ringsektors (10) von dem elastischen Befestigungsabschnitt (521) des ersten Arms (52) gehalten wird, während das freie Ende (161) der zweiten Lasche (16) eines jeden Ringsektors von dem elastischen Befestigungsabschnitt (531) des zweiten Arms (53) des elastischen Haltemittels (50) gehalten wird.
  3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Lasche (14) eines jeden Ringsektors (10) eine äußere Nut (5211) und eine innere Nut (5210) beinhaltet, die mit dem elastischen Befestigungsabschnitt vom Typ eines C-Klips (521) des ersten Arms (52) des elastischen Haltemittels (50) zusammenwirken, und dass die zweite Lasche (16) eines jeden Ringsektors (10) eine äußere Nut (5311) und eine innere Nut (5310) beinhaltet, die mit dem elastischen Befestigungsabschnitt vom Typ eines C-Klips (531) des zweiten Arms (53) des elastischen Haltemittels (50) zusammenwirken.
  4. Anordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die inneren und äußeren Nuten (5210, 5310, 5211, 5311) der ersten und zweiten Laschen (14, 16) eines jeden Ringsektors (10) einen Krümmungsradius aufweisen, der dem Krümmungsradius der elastischen Befestigungsabschnitte vom Typ eines C-Klips (521, 531) des ersten und zweiten Arms (52, 53) des elastischen Haltemittels (50) gleicht.
  5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die inneren und äußeren Nuten (1142, 1162, 1143, 1163) der ersten und zweiten Laschen (114, 116) eines jeden Ringsektors (110) eine geradlinige Form aufweisen, und dass die elastischen Befestigungsabschnitte vom Typ eines C-Klips (621, 631) des ersten und zweiten Arms (62, 63) des elastischen Haltemittels (60) sich einer geradlinigen Richtung folgend erstrecken.
  6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Ringsektor (210) im axialen Schnitt eine Pi-Form aufweist, wobei sich die erste und zweite Lasche (214, 216) von der Außenseite des Teils, der die ringförmige Basis (212) bildet, weg erstrecken, und dass das elastische Haltemittel (250) eine Basis (251) umfasst, die auf der Ringträgerstruktur (203) fixiert ist, von welcher sich ein erster und ein zweiter Arm (251, 252) weg erstrecken, die zusammen einen elastischen Befestigungsabschnitt vom Typ eines C-Klips bilden, wobei das freie Ende (2141) der ersten Lasche (214) eines jeden Ringsektors (210) von dem ersten Arm (252) gehalten wird, während das freie Ende (2161) der zweiten Lasche (216) eines jeden Ringsektors (210) von dem zweiten Arm (253) des elastischen Haltemittels (250) gehalten wird.
  7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Lasche (214) eines jeden Ringsektors (210) eine äußere Nut (2143) beinhaltet, die mit dem freien Ende (2520) des ersten Arms (252) des elastischen Haltemittels (250) zusammenwirkt, und dass die zweite Lasche (216) eines jeden Ringsektors (210) eine äußere Nut (2163) beinhaltet, die mit dem freien Ende (2530) des zweiten Arms (253) des elastischen Haltemittels (250) zusammenwirkt.
  8. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußeren Nuten (2143, 2163) der ersten und zweiten Laschen (214, 216) eines jeden Ringsektors (210) eine geradlinige Form aufweisen, und dass die freien Enden (2520, 2530) des ersten und zweiten Arms (252, 253) des elastischen Haltemittels (250) sich einer geradlinigen Richtung folgend erstrecken.
  9. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Ringsektor (310) im axialen Schnitt eine K-Form aufweist, wobei sich die erste und zweite Lasche (314, 316) von der Außenseite des Teils, der die ringförmige Basis (312) bildet, weg erstrecken, wobei die erste Lasche (314) an ihrem Ende (3141) eine ringförmige Nut (3140) beinhaltet, in welcher der ringförmige Vorsprung (334) des ersten ringförmigen Flansches (332) aufgenommen ist, und dass die zweite Lasche (316) eines jeden Ringsektors (310) mit dem zweiten Flansch (336) mittels eines oder mehrerer elastischer Halteelemente verbunden ist.
  10. Anordnung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Lasche (316) eines jeden Ringsektors (310) mit dem zweiten ringförmigen Flansch (336) der Ringträgerstruktur (303) mittels eines oder mehrerer Klipelemente (350) verbunden ist.
EP16825829.1A 2015-12-18 2016-12-12 In einem kaltzustand elastisch gehaltene turbinenringanordnung Active EP3390782B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1562745A FR3045716B1 (fr) 2015-12-18 2015-12-18 Ensemble d'anneau de turbine avec maintien elastique a froid
PCT/FR2016/053343 WO2017103411A2 (fr) 2015-12-18 2016-12-12 Ensemble d'anneau de turbine avec maintien élastique a froid.

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20180363506A1 (en) 2018-12-20
US10378385B2 (en) 2019-08-13
WO2017103411A2 (fr) 2017-06-22
FR3045716A1 (fr) 2017-06-23
WO2017103411A3 (fr) 2017-08-10
CN109072705A (zh) 2018-12-21
FR3045716B1 (fr) 2018-01-26
EP3390782A2 (de) 2018-10-24
CN109072705B (zh) 2021-02-09

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